neser 0.1.1

NESER - NES Emulator in Rust - is a NES emulator written in Rust. It aims to be a high-quality, hardware-accurate emulator that is also easy to use and extend. It supports a wide range of NES games and features, including various mappers, audio processing, and input handling. NESER is designed to be modular and extensible, allowing developers to easily add new features or support for additional hardware. It can be run using one of two frontends: a native desktop application using SDL2, or a web application using WebAssembly. The desktop application provides a high-performance, feature-rich experience with support for various input devices and display options, while the web application allows users to play NES games directly in their browsers without needing to install any software in a BYOR manner (Bring Your Own Roms).
Documentation
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//! ROM database module: CRC32 calculation and cartridge quirks.
//!
//! This module isolates ROM identification and quirk detection from mapper construction logic.

use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::fs;
use std::io;
use std::path::Path;

use crate::cartridge::{HardwareType, NametableLayout};
use num_enum::TryFromPrimitive;

const ROM_DB_COLUMN_COUNT: usize = 21;

#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct RomDbEntry {
    pub rom_id: Option<u16>,
    pub name: Option<String>,
    pub country: Option<String>,
    pub crc: Option<u32>,
    pub hardware: Option<HardwareType>,
    pub rom_class: Option<String>,
    pub mapper: Option<u16>,
    pub submapper: Option<u8>,
    pub nametable_layout: Option<NametableLayout>,
    pub prg_rom_size: Option<u32>,
    pub prg_rom_crc: Option<u32>,
    pub prg_nvram_size: Option<u32>,
    pub prg_ram_size: Option<u32>,
    pub chr_rom_size: Option<u32>,
    pub chr_rom_crc: Option<u32>,
    pub chr_nvram_size: Option<u32>,
    pub chr_ram_size: Option<u32>,
    pub battery: Option<bool>,
    pub vs_hardware_type: Option<VsHardwareType>,
    pub vs_ppu_type: Option<VsPpuType>,
    pub expansion_type: Option<ExpansionType>,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum VsHardwareType {
    Unisystem,
    RbiBaseball,
    TkoBoxing,
    SuperXevious,
    IceClimberJapan,
    VsDualSystem,
    RaidOnBungelingBay,
    Unknown(u8),
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum VsPpuType {
    Rp2c03b,
    Rp2c03g,
    Rp2c04_0001,
    Rp2c04_0002,
    Rp2c04_0003,
    Rp2c04_0004,
    Rc2c03b,
    Rc2c03c,
    Rc2c05_01,
    Rc2c05_02,
    Rc2c05_03,
    Rc2c05_04,
    Rc2c05_05,
    Unknown(u8),
}

/// iNES 2.0 Controller types
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, TryFromPrimitive)]
#[repr(u8)]
pub enum ExpansionType {
    Unspecified = 0x00,
    StandardControllers = 0x01,
    NesFourScore = 0x02,
    FamicomFourPlayersSimple = 0x03,
    VsSystem4016 = 0x04,
    VsSystem4017 = 0x05,
    Reserved = 0x06,
    VsZapper = 0x07,
    Zapper4017 = 0x08,
    TwoZappers = 0x09,
    BandaiHyperShot = 0x0A,
    PowerPadSideA = 0x0B,
    PowerPadSideB = 0x0C,
    FamilyTrainerSideA = 0x0D,
    FamilyTrainerSideB = 0x0E,
    ArkanoidVausNes = 0x0F,
    ArkanoidVausFamicom = 0x10,
    TwoVausDataRecorder = 0x11,
    KonamiHyperShot = 0x12,
    CoconutsPachinko = 0x13,
    ExcitingBoxingBag = 0x14,
    JissenMahjong = 0x15,
    YonezawaPartyTap = 0x16,
    OekaKidsTablet = 0x17,
    SunsoftBarcodeBattler = 0x18,
    MiraclePiano = 0x19,
    PokkunMoguraaTapMat = 0x1A,
    TopRider = 0x1B,
    DoubleFisted = 0x1C,
    Famicom3dSystem = 0x1D,
    DoremikkoKeyboard = 0x1E,
    RobGyromite = 0x1F,
    FamicomDataRecorder = 0x20,
    AsciiTurboFile = 0x21,
    IgsStorageBattleBox = 0x22,
    FamilyBasicKeyboardRecorder = 0x23,
    DongdaPecKeyboard = 0x24,
    PuzeBit79Keyboard = 0x25,
    SuborKeyboard = 0x26,
    SuborKeyboardMacroMouse = 0x27,
    SuborKeyboardSuborMouse4016 = 0x28,
    SnesMouse4016 = 0x29,
    Multicart = 0x2A,
    TwoSnesControllers = 0x2B,
    RacermateBicycle = 0x2C,
    UForce = 0x2D,
    RobStackUp = 0x2E,
    CityPatrolmanLightgun = 0x2F,
    SharpC1Cassette = 0x30,
    StandardSwapDpadBa = 0x31,
    ExcaliburSudokuPad = 0x32,
    AblPinball = 0x33,
    GoldenNuggetButtons = 0x34,
    KedaKeyboard = 0x35,
    SuborKeyboardSuborMouse4017 = 0x36,
    PortTestController = 0x37,
    BandaiMultiGamePlayer = 0x38,
    VenomTvDanceMat = 0x39,
    LgTvRemote = 0x3A,
    FamicomNetworkController = 0x3B,
    KingFishingController = 0x3C,
    CroakyKaraoke = 0x3D,
    KewangKingwonKeyboard = 0x3E,
    ZechengKeyboard = 0x3F,
    SuborKeyboardPs2Mouse4017L90 = 0x40,
    Um6578Ps2KeyboardMouse4017 = 0x41,
    Um6578Ps2Mouse = 0x42,
    YuxingMouse4016 = 0x43,
    SuborKeyboardYuxingMouse4016 = 0x44,
    GigggleTvPump = 0x45,
    BbkKeyboardPs2Mouse4017R90 = 0x46,
    MagicalCooking = 0x47,
    SnesMouse4017 = 0x48,
    Zapper4016 = 0x49,
    ArkanoidVausProto = 0x4A,
    TvMahjongGame = 0x4B,
    MahjongGekitouDensetu = 0x4C,
    SuborKeyboardPs2Mouse4017Xinv = 0x4D,
    IbmPcXtKeyboard = 0x4E,
    SuborKeyboardMegaBookMouse = 0x4F,
    // Values not in iNES 2.0 spec:
    PowerGlove = 0x51,
    AladdinDeckEnhancer = 0x52,
}

impl RomDbEntry {
    fn from_columns(columns: &[String]) -> Self {
        Self {
            rom_id: parse_optional_u16_decimal(&columns[0]),
            name: parse_optional_field(&columns[1]),
            country: parse_optional_field(&columns[2]),
            crc: parse_optional_u32_hex(&columns[3]),
            hardware: parse_optional_hardware_type(&columns[4]),
            rom_class: parse_optional_field(&columns[5]),
            mapper: parse_optional_u16_decimal(&columns[6]),
            submapper: parse_optional_u8_decimal(&columns[7]),
            nametable_layout: parse_optional_nametable_layout(&columns[8]),
            prg_rom_size: parse_optional_u32_decimal(&columns[9]),
            prg_rom_crc: parse_optional_u32_hex(&columns[10]),
            prg_nvram_size: parse_optional_u32_decimal(&columns[11]),
            prg_ram_size: parse_optional_u32_decimal(&columns[12]),
            chr_rom_size: parse_optional_u32_decimal(&columns[13]),
            chr_rom_crc: parse_optional_u32_hex(&columns[14]),
            chr_nvram_size: parse_optional_u32_decimal(&columns[15]),
            chr_ram_size: parse_optional_u32_decimal(&columns[16]),
            battery: parse_optional_bool(&columns[17]),
            vs_hardware_type: parse_optional_vs_hardware_type(&columns[18]),
            vs_ppu_type: parse_optional_vs_ppu_type(&columns[19]),
            expansion_type: parse_optional_expansion_type(&columns[20]),
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
pub struct RomDb {
    entries: HashMap<u32, RomDbEntry>,
}

impl RomDb {
    pub fn new() -> io::Result<Self> {
        let path = Path::new(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"))
            .join("src")
            .join("cartridge")
            .join("rom_db.csv");
        Self::from_path(path)
    }

    pub fn from_path<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> io::Result<Self> {
        let content = fs::read_to_string(path)?;
        Ok(Self::from_csv_content(&content))
    }

    #[cfg(test)]
    pub fn entries(&self) -> &HashMap<u32, RomDbEntry> {
        &self.entries
    }

    pub fn get_by_crc(&self, crc: u32) -> Option<&RomDbEntry> {
        self.entries.get(&crc)
    }

    /// Return the default Zapper controller port for a ROM CRC.
    ///
    /// Returns 2 when the ROM DB entry exists and expansion type is ZAPPER_4017,
    /// otherwise returns 0.
    pub fn default_zapper_on_port(&self, crc32: u32) -> u8 {
        match self
            .get_by_crc(crc32)
            .and_then(|entry| entry.expansion_type)
        {
            Some(ExpansionType::Zapper4017) => 2,
            Some(ExpansionType::VsZapper | ExpansionType::TwoZappers) => 2,
            Some(ExpansionType::Zapper4016) => 1,
            _ => 0,
        }
    }

    /// Return whether ROM DB expansion type implies Famicom four-player expansion wiring.
    pub fn has_famicom_four_players_expansion(&self, crc32: u32) -> bool {
        matches!(
            self.get_by_crc(crc32)
                .and_then(|entry| entry.expansion_type),
            Some(ExpansionType::FamicomFourPlayersSimple)
        )
    }

    /// Return whether ROM DB expansion type implies Famicom Arkanoid controller on expansion port.
    pub fn has_arkanoid_famicom_expansion(&self, crc32: u32) -> bool {
        matches!(
            self.get_by_crc(crc32)
                .and_then(|entry| entry.expansion_type),
            Some(ExpansionType::ArkanoidVausFamicom)
        )
    }

    /// Return whether ROM DB expansion type implies Famicom Zapper on expansion port.
    pub fn has_zapper_famicom_expansion(&self, crc32: u32) -> bool {
        matches!(
            self.get_by_crc(crc32)
                .and_then(|entry| entry.expansion_type),
            Some(ExpansionType::Zapper4016 | ExpansionType::Zapper4017)
        )
    }

    /// Return whether ROM DB rom_class indicates a Japan-region (Famicom) ROM.
    pub fn is_japan_region(&self, crc32: u32) -> bool {
        self.get_by_crc(crc32)
            .and_then(|entry| entry.rom_class.as_ref())
            .is_some_and(|rc| rc.contains("Japan"))
    }

    pub(crate) fn from_csv_content(content: &str) -> Self {
        let mut entries = HashMap::new();

        for line in content.lines() {
            if let Some(entry) = parse_row(line)
                && let Some(crc) = entry.crc
            {
                entries.insert(crc, entry);
            }
        }

        Self { entries }
    }
}

fn parse_optional_field(raw: &str) -> Option<String> {
    let trimmed = raw.trim();
    if trimmed.is_empty() {
        None
    } else {
        Some(trimmed.to_string())
    }
}

fn parse_optional_u16_decimal(raw: &str) -> Option<u16> {
    parse_optional_field(raw)?.parse::<u16>().ok()
}

fn parse_optional_u8_decimal(raw: &str) -> Option<u8> {
    parse_optional_field(raw)?.parse::<u8>().ok()
}

fn parse_optional_u32_decimal(raw: &str) -> Option<u32> {
    parse_optional_field(raw)?.parse::<u32>().ok()
}

fn parse_optional_u32_hex(raw: &str) -> Option<u32> {
    u32::from_str_radix(parse_optional_field(raw)?.as_str(), 16).ok()
}

fn parse_optional_bool(raw: &str) -> Option<bool> {
    let value = parse_optional_field(raw)?;
    let normalized = value.to_ascii_lowercase();
    match normalized.as_str() {
        "1" | "true" | "yes" => Some(true),
        "0" | "false" | "no" => Some(false),
        _ => None,
    }
}

fn parse_optional_hardware_type(raw: &str) -> Option<HardwareType> {
    let value = parse_optional_u8_decimal(raw)?;
    HardwareType::from_db_value(value)
}

fn parse_optional_nametable_layout(raw: &str) -> Option<NametableLayout> {
    let value = parse_optional_field(raw)?;
    match value.as_str() {
        "H" | "h" => Some(NametableLayout::Horizontal),
        "V" | "v" => Some(NametableLayout::Vertical),
        "0" => Some(NametableLayout::Horizontal),
        "1" => Some(NametableLayout::Vertical),
        "2" => Some(NametableLayout::SingleScreenLower),
        "3" => Some(NametableLayout::SingleScreenUpper),
        "4" => Some(NametableLayout::FourScreen),
        "5" => None,
        _ => None,
    }
}

fn parse_optional_vs_hardware_type(raw: &str) -> Option<VsHardwareType> {
    let value = parse_optional_u8_decimal(raw)?;
    Some(match value {
        0 => VsHardwareType::Unisystem,
        1 => VsHardwareType::RbiBaseball,
        2 => VsHardwareType::TkoBoxing,
        3 => VsHardwareType::SuperXevious,
        4 => VsHardwareType::IceClimberJapan,
        5 => VsHardwareType::VsDualSystem,
        6 => VsHardwareType::RaidOnBungelingBay,
        other => VsHardwareType::Unknown(other),
    })
}

fn parse_optional_vs_ppu_type(raw: &str) -> Option<VsPpuType> {
    let value = parse_optional_u8_decimal(raw)?;
    Some(match value {
        0 => VsPpuType::Rp2c03b,
        1 => VsPpuType::Rp2c03g,
        2 => VsPpuType::Rp2c04_0001,
        3 => VsPpuType::Rp2c04_0002,
        4 => VsPpuType::Rp2c04_0003,
        5 => VsPpuType::Rp2c04_0004,
        6 => VsPpuType::Rc2c03b,
        7 => VsPpuType::Rc2c03c,
        8 => VsPpuType::Rc2c05_01,
        9 => VsPpuType::Rc2c05_02,
        10 => VsPpuType::Rc2c05_03,
        11 => VsPpuType::Rc2c05_04,
        12 => VsPpuType::Rc2c05_05,
        other => VsPpuType::Unknown(other),
    })
}

fn parse_optional_expansion_type(raw: &str) -> Option<ExpansionType> {
    let value = parse_optional_u8_decimal(raw)?;
    ExpansionType::try_from(value).ok()
}

fn parse_row(line: &str) -> Option<RomDbEntry> {
    let trimmed = line.trim();
    if trimmed.is_empty() || trimmed.starts_with('#') {
        return None;
    }

    let mut columns = normalize_columns(trimmed);
    if columns.len() < ROM_DB_COLUMN_COUNT {
        columns.resize(ROM_DB_COLUMN_COUNT, String::new());
    }

    Some(RomDbEntry::from_columns(&columns))
}

fn normalize_columns(line: &str) -> Vec<String> {
    let raw_columns: Vec<String> = line.split(',').map(ToString::to_string).collect();

    if raw_columns.len() <= ROM_DB_COLUMN_COUNT {
        return raw_columns;
    }

    let tail_start = raw_columns.len() - (ROM_DB_COLUMN_COUNT - 2);
    let mut normalized = Vec::with_capacity(ROM_DB_COLUMN_COUNT);

    normalized.push(raw_columns[0].clone());
    normalized.push(raw_columns[1..tail_start].join(","));
    normalized.extend(raw_columns[tail_start..].iter().cloned());

    normalized
}

/// Calculate CRC32 of ROM data (PRG + CHR combined).
/// Uses the standard CRC-32 (ISO 3309) polynomial.
pub fn calculate_rom_crc32(prg_rom: &[u8], chr_rom: &[u8]) -> u32 {
    const CRC32_TABLE: [u32; 256] = {
        let mut table = [0u32; 256];
        let mut i = 0;
        while i < 256 {
            let mut crc = i as u32;
            let mut j = 0;
            while j < 8 {
                if crc & 1 != 0 {
                    crc = (crc >> 1) ^ 0xEDB88320;
                } else {
                    crc >>= 1;
                }
                j += 1;
            }
            table[i] = crc;
            i += 1;
        }
        table
    };

    let mut crc = 0xFFFFFFFFu32;
    for &byte in prg_rom.iter().chain(chr_rom.iter()) {
        let index = ((crc ^ byte as u32) & 0xFF) as usize;
        crc = (crc >> 8) ^ CRC32_TABLE[index];
    }
    // crate::debugging::log_info(format!("Calculated CRC32: {:08X}", crc ^ 0xFFFFFFFF));
    !crc
}

/// CRC32 values for ROMs that require alternate (NEC) MMC3 IRQ behavior.
const MMC3_ALTERNATE_IRQ_CRCS: &[u32] = &[
    0x633AFE6F, // 6-MMC3_alt.nes (blargg mmc3_test_2)
    0xF312D1DE, // 5.MMC3_rev_A.nes (blargg mmc3_irq_tests)
    0xA512BDF6, // 6-MMC6.nes
];

/// CRC32 values for ROMs that default to Arkanoid controller input on port 2.
const ARKANOID_PADDLE_PORT2_CRCS: &[u32] = &[
    0x32FB0583, // Arkanoid (NES, 1987)
];

/// CRC32 values for ROMs that default to Arkanoid controller input on port 1.
const ARKANOID_PADDLE_PORT1_CRCS: &[u32] = &[
    0x47F9F410, // PaddleTest3
];

/// Check if a ROM CRC requires alternate MMC3 IRQ behavior.
pub fn requires_mmc3_alternate_irq(crc: u32) -> bool {
    MMC3_ALTERNATE_IRQ_CRCS.contains(&crc)
}

/// Return the default Arkanoid controller port for a ROM CRC.
///
/// Returns 0 for none, 1 for port 1, 2 for port 2.
pub fn default_arkanoid_on_port(crc: u32) -> u8 {
    if ARKANOID_PADDLE_PORT1_CRCS.contains(&crc) {
        1
    } else if ARKANOID_PADDLE_PORT2_CRCS.contains(&crc) {
        2
    } else {
        0
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_calculate_rom_crc32_empty() {
        let crc = calculate_rom_crc32(&[], &[]);
        assert_eq!(crc, 0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_calculate_rom_crc32_with_data() {
        // Test with some sample data
        let prg_rom = vec![0x4E, 0x45, 0x53, 0x1A]; // "NES" header start
        let chr_rom = vec![0xFF, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x00];
        let crc = calculate_rom_crc32(&prg_rom, &chr_rom);
        // Verify the exact CRC32 value for this specific input
        assert_eq!(crc, 0xA26D5B91);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_mmc3_alternate_irq_known_crcs() {
        // Known CRCs that require alternate IRQ
        assert!(requires_mmc3_alternate_irq(0x633AFE6F));
        assert!(requires_mmc3_alternate_irq(0xF312D1DE));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_mmc3_alternate_irq_unknown_crc() {
        // Random CRC should not require alternate IRQ
        assert!(!requires_mmc3_alternate_irq(0x12345678));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_arkanoid_paddle_known_crcs() {
        assert_eq!(default_arkanoid_on_port(0x32FB0583), 2);
        assert_eq!(default_arkanoid_on_port(0x47F9F410), 1);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_arkanoid_paddle_unknown_crc() {
        assert_eq!(default_arkanoid_on_port(0xDEADBEEF), 0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_default_zapper_on_port_when_expansion_is_zapper_4017() {
        let csv = "1,Zapper Demo,,24598791,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,8\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert_eq!(db.default_zapper_on_port(0x24598791), 2);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_default_zapper_on_port_when_expansion_is_zapper_4016() {
        let csv = "1,Zapper Demo,,24598791,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,73\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert_eq!(db.default_zapper_on_port(0x24598791), 1);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_default_zapper_on_port_when_expansion_is_two_zappers() {
        let csv = "1,Zapper Demo,,24598791,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,9\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert_eq!(db.default_zapper_on_port(0x24598791), 2);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_default_zapper_on_port_when_expansion_is_vs_zapper() {
        let csv = "1,Zapper Demo,,24598791,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,7\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert_eq!(db.default_zapper_on_port(0x24598791), 2);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_default_zapper_on_port_when_expansion_is_not_zapper_4017() {
        let csv = "1,No Zapper,,24598791,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert_eq!(db.default_zapper_on_port(0x24598791), 0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_default_zapper_on_port_when_crc_is_missing() {
        let csv = "1,Zapper Demo,,24598791,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,8\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert_eq!(db.default_zapper_on_port(0xDEADBEEF), 0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_has_famicom_four_players_expansion_when_expansion_is_famicom_four_players() {
        let csv = "1,4P Demo,,24598791,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert!(db.has_famicom_four_players_expansion(0x24598791));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_has_famicom_four_players_expansion_is_false_for_other_expansion() {
        let csv = "1,2P Demo,,24598791,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert!(!db.has_famicom_four_players_expansion(0x24598791));
        assert!(!db.has_famicom_four_players_expansion(0xDEADBEEF));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_has_arkanoid_famicom_expansion_when_expansion_is_arkanoid_vaus_famicom() {
        // ExpansionType::ArkanoidVausFamicom = 0x10 = 16
        let csv = "1,Arkanoid FC,,24598791,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,16\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert!(db.has_arkanoid_famicom_expansion(0x24598791));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_has_arkanoid_famicom_expansion_is_false_for_nes_arkanoid() {
        // ExpansionType::ArkanoidVausNes = 0x0F = 15
        let csv = "1,Arkanoid NES,,24598791,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,15\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert!(!db.has_arkanoid_famicom_expansion(0x24598791));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_has_arkanoid_famicom_expansion_is_false_for_unknown_crc() {
        let csv = "1,Arkanoid FC,,24598791,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,16\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert!(!db.has_arkanoid_famicom_expansion(0xDEADBEEF));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_is_japan_region_for_licensed_japan() {
        let csv = "1,Japanese Game,,24598791,,Licensed Japan,,,,,,,,,,,,,,\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert!(db.is_japan_region(0x24598791));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_is_japan_region_for_unlicensed_japan() {
        let csv = "1,Unlicensed Game,,24598791,,Unlicensed Japan,,,,,,,,,,,,,,\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert!(db.is_japan_region(0x24598791));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_is_japan_region_is_false_for_north_america() {
        let csv = "1,NA Game,,24598791,,Licensed North America,,,,,,,,,,,,,,\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert!(!db.is_japan_region(0x24598791));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_is_japan_region_is_false_for_unknown_crc() {
        let csv = "1,Japanese Game,,24598791,,Licensed Japan,,,,,,,,,,,,,,\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert!(!db.is_japan_region(0xDEADBEEF));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_ignores_comments_and_empty_rows() {
        let csv = "\n# comment\n1,Demo,,ABCDEF01\n\n# another\n2,Demo 2,,ABCDEF02\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert_eq!(db.entries().len(), 2);
        assert_eq!(db.get_by_crc(0xABCDEF01).and_then(|e| e.rom_id), Some(1));
        assert_eq!(db.get_by_crc(0xABCDEF02).and_then(|e| e.rom_id), Some(2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_omitted_values_are_unknown() {
        let csv = "1,Demo,,ABCDEF01,,\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);
        let entry = db
            .get_by_crc(0xABCDEF01)
            .expect("entry should be found by CRC");

        assert_eq!(entry.rom_id, Some(1));
        assert_eq!(entry.name.as_deref(), Some("Demo"));
        assert_eq!(entry.country, None);
        assert_eq!(entry.crc, Some(0xABCDEF01));
        assert_eq!(entry.expansion_type, None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_handles_name_with_comma() {
        let csv = "844,F-1 Hero 2, Nakajima Satoru Kanshuu,,1C2A58FF,,Licensed Japan,4,,H,131072,B2AB361E,,,131072,89AAD993,,,,,,1\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);
        let entry = db
            .get_by_crc(0x1C2A58FF)
            .expect("entry should be found by CRC");

        assert_eq!(entry.rom_id, Some(844));
        assert_eq!(
            entry.name.as_deref(),
            Some("F-1 Hero 2, Nakajima Satoru Kanshuu")
        );
        assert_eq!(entry.crc, Some(0x1C2A58FF));
        assert_eq!(entry.mapper, Some(4));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_parses_nes2_typed_fields() {
        // hardware=1 (NesPal), rom_class=Licensed Japan, mapper=7, submapper=2, etc.
        let csv = "63,Battletoads,,9806CB84,1,Licensed Japan,7,2,H,262144,9806CB84,,8192,, , ,8192,1,5,10,2\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);
        let entry = db
            .get_by_crc(0x9806CB84)
            .expect("entry should be found by CRC");

        assert_eq!(entry.hardware, Some(HardwareType::NesPal));
        assert_eq!(entry.submapper, Some(2));
        assert_eq!(entry.nametable_layout, Some(NametableLayout::Horizontal));
        assert_eq!(entry.prg_rom_size, Some(262144));
        assert_eq!(entry.prg_ram_size, Some(8192));
        assert_eq!(entry.chr_ram_size, Some(8192));
        assert_eq!(entry.battery, Some(true));
        assert_eq!(entry.vs_hardware_type, Some(VsHardwareType::VsDualSystem));
        assert_eq!(entry.vs_ppu_type, Some(VsPpuType::Rc2c05_03));
        assert_eq!(entry.expansion_type, Some(ExpansionType::NesFourScore));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_skips_entries_without_crc_key() {
        let csv = "1,Demo,,,,\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);
        assert!(db.entries().is_empty());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_get_entry_by_crc() {
        let csv = "1,Demo,,ABCDEF01\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);
        let entry = db.get_by_crc(0xABCDEF01).expect("entry should be found");
        assert_eq!(entry.rom_id, Some(1));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_nametable_layout_uses_mirroring_mode_enum() {
        let csv = "63,Battletoads,,9806CB84,1,Licensed Japan,7,2,H,262144,9806CB84,,8192,, , ,8192,1,5,10,2\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);
        let entry = db
            .get_by_crc(0x9806CB84)
            .expect("entry should be found by CRC");

        assert_eq!(
            entry.nametable_layout,
            Some(crate::cartridge::NametableLayout::Horizontal)
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_nametable_layout_mapper_controlled_is_none() {
        let csv = "1,Demo,,ABCDEF01,0,Class,0,0,5,16384,ABCDEF01,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);
        let entry = db
            .get_by_crc(0xABCDEF01)
            .expect("entry should be found by CRC");

        assert_eq!(entry.nametable_layout, None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_rom_db_contains_mapper_override_for_sweet_home_translation_crc() {
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(include_str!("rom_db.csv"));
        let entry = db
            .get_by_crc(0x3AAF_F278)
            .expect("patched Sweet Home CRC should be present in ROM DB");

        assert_eq!(entry.mapper, Some(1));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_has_zapper_famicom_expansion_for_zapper_4017() {
        let csv = "1,Duck Hunt Famicom,,24598791,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,8\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert!(db.has_zapper_famicom_expansion(0x24598791));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_has_zapper_famicom_expansion_for_zapper_4016() {
        let csv = "1,Zapper Game,,24598791,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,73\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert!(db.has_zapper_famicom_expansion(0x24598791));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_has_zapper_famicom_expansion_false_for_standard_controllers() {
        let csv = "1,Normal Game,,24598791,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert!(!db.has_zapper_famicom_expansion(0x24598791));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_has_zapper_famicom_expansion_false_for_unknown_crc() {
        let csv = "1,Duck Hunt Famicom,,24598791,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,8\n";
        let db = RomDb::from_csv_content(csv);

        assert!(!db.has_zapper_famicom_expansion(0xDEADBEEF));
    }
}