def union_splat(a: set[int], b: set[int]) -> int:
return len({*a, *b})
def splat_with_elem(a: set[int]) -> int:
return len({*a, 9})
def elem_then_splat(a: set[int]) -> int:
return len({9, *a, 1})
def lone_splat_is_copy(a: set[int]) -> int:
# {*a} is a shallow copy — mutating it must not touch `a`.
b = {*a}
b.add(99)
return len(a) * 10 + len(b)