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#include "sofa.h"
int iauPvstar(double pv[2][3], double *ra, double *dec,
double *pmr, double *pmd, double *px, double *rv)
/*
** - - - - - - - - - -
** i a u P v s t a r
** - - - - - - - - - -
**
** Convert star position+velocity vector to catalog coordinates.
**
** This function is part of the International Astronomical Union's
** SOFA (Standards Of Fundamental Astronomy) software collection.
**
** Status: support function.
**
** Given (Note 1):
** pv double[2][3] pv-vector (au, au/day)
**
** Returned (Note 2):
** ra double right ascension (radians)
** dec double declination (radians)
** pmr double RA proper motion (radians/year)
** pmd double Dec proper motion (radians/year)
** px double parallax (arcsec)
** rv double radial velocity (km/s, positive = receding)
**
** Returned (function value):
** int status:
** 0 = OK
** -1 = superluminal speed (Note 5)
** -2 = null position vector
**
** Notes:
**
** 1) The specified pv-vector is the coordinate direction (and its rate
** of change) for the date at which the light leaving the star
** reached the solar-system barycenter.
**
** 2) The star data returned by this function are "observables" for an
** imaginary observer at the solar-system barycenter. Proper motion
** and radial velocity are, strictly, in terms of barycentric
** coordinate time, TCB. For most practical applications, it is
** permissible to neglect the distinction between TCB and ordinary
** "proper" time on Earth (TT/TAI). The result will, as a rule, be
** limited by the intrinsic accuracy of the proper-motion and
** radial-velocity data; moreover, the supplied pv-vector is likely
** to be merely an intermediate result (for example generated by the
** function iauStarpv), so that a change of time unit will cancel
** out overall.
**
** In accordance with normal star-catalog conventions, the object's
** right ascension and declination are freed from the effects of
** secular aberration. The frame, which is aligned to the catalog
** equator and equinox, is Lorentzian and centered on the SSB.
**
** Summarizing, the specified pv-vector is for most stars almost
** identical to the result of applying the standard geometrical
** "space motion" transformation to the catalog data. The
** differences, which are the subject of the Stumpff paper cited
** below, are:
**
** (i) In stars with significant radial velocity and proper motion,
** the constantly changing light-time distorts the apparent proper
** motion. Note that this is a classical, not a relativistic,
** effect.
**
** (ii) The transformation complies with special relativity.
**
** 3) Care is needed with units. The star coordinates are in radians
** and the proper motions in radians per Julian year, but the
** parallax is in arcseconds; the radial velocity is in km/s, but
** the pv-vector result is in au and au/day.
**
** 4) The proper motions are the rate of change of the right ascension
** and declination at the catalog epoch and are in radians per Julian
** year. The RA proper motion is in terms of coordinate angle, not
** true angle, and will thus be numerically larger at high
** declinations.
**
** 5) Straight-line motion at constant speed in the inertial frame is
** assumed. If the speed is greater than or equal to the speed of
** light, the function aborts with an error status.
**
** 6) The inverse transformation is performed by the function iauStarpv.
**
** Called:
** iauPn decompose p-vector into modulus and direction
** iauPdp scalar product of two p-vectors
** iauSxp multiply p-vector by scalar
** iauPmp p-vector minus p-vector
** iauPm modulus of p-vector
** iauPpp p-vector plus p-vector
** iauPv2s pv-vector to spherical
** iauAnp normalize angle into range 0 to 2pi
**
** Reference:
**
** Stumpff, P., 1985, Astron.Astrophys. 144, 232-240.
**
** This revision: 2017 March 16
**
** SOFA release 2020-07-21
**
** Copyright (C) 2020 IAU SOFA Board. See notes at end.
*/
{
double r, x[3], vr, ur[3], vt, ut[3], bett, betr, d, w, del,
usr[3], ust[3], a, rad, decd, rd;
/* Isolate the radial component of the velocity (au/day, inertial). */
iauPn(pv[0], &r, x);
vr = iauPdp(x, pv[1]);
iauSxp(vr, x, ur);
/* Isolate the transverse component of the velocity (au/day, inertial). */
iauPmp(pv[1], ur, ut);
vt = iauPm(ut);
/* Special-relativity dimensionless parameters. */
bett = vt / DC;
betr = vr / DC;
/* The inertial-to-observed correction terms. */
d = 1.0 + betr;
w = betr*betr + bett*bett;
if (d == 0.0 || w > 1.0) return -1;
del = - w / (sqrt(1.0-w) + 1.0);
/* Apply relativistic correction factor to radial velocity component. */
w = (betr != 0) ? (betr - del) / (betr * d) : 1.0;
iauSxp(w, ur, usr);
/* Apply relativistic correction factor to tangential velocity */
/* component. */
iauSxp(1.0/d, ut, ust);
/* Combine the two to obtain the observed velocity vector (au/day). */
iauPpp(usr, ust, pv[1]);
/* Cartesian to spherical. */
iauPv2s(pv, &a, dec, &r, &rad, &decd, &rd);
if (r == 0.0) return -2;
/* Return RA in range 0 to 2pi. */
*ra = iauAnp(a);
/* Return proper motions in radians per year. */
*pmr = rad * DJY;
*pmd = decd * DJY;
/* Return parallax in arcsec. */
*px = DR2AS / r;
/* Return radial velocity in km/s. */
*rv = 1e-3 * rd * DAU / DAYSEC;
/* OK status. */
return 0;
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
**
** Copyright (C) 2020
** Standards Of Fundamental Astronomy Board
** of the International Astronomical Union.
**
** =====================
** SOFA Software License
** =====================
**
** NOTICE TO USER:
**
** BY USING THIS SOFTWARE YOU ACCEPT THE FOLLOWING SIX TERMS AND
** CONDITIONS WHICH APPLY TO ITS USE.
**
** 1. The Software is owned by the IAU SOFA Board ("SOFA").
**
** 2. Permission is granted to anyone to use the SOFA software for any
** purpose, including commercial applications, free of charge and
** without payment of royalties, subject to the conditions and
** restrictions listed below.
**
** 3. You (the user) may copy and distribute SOFA source code to others,
** and use and adapt its code and algorithms in your own software,
** on a world-wide, royalty-free basis. That portion of your
** distribution that does not consist of intact and unchanged copies
** of SOFA source code files is a "derived work" that must comply
** with the following requirements:
**
** a) Your work shall be marked or carry a statement that it
** (i) uses routines and computations derived by you from
** software provided by SOFA under license to you; and
** (ii) does not itself constitute software provided by and/or
** endorsed by SOFA.
**
** b) The source code of your derived work must contain descriptions
** of how the derived work is based upon, contains and/or differs
** from the original SOFA software.
**
** c) The names of all routines in your derived work shall not
** include the prefix "iau" or "sofa" or trivial modifications
** thereof such as changes of case.
**
** d) The origin of the SOFA components of your derived work must
** not be misrepresented; you must not claim that you wrote the
** original software, nor file a patent application for SOFA
** software or algorithms embedded in the SOFA software.
**
** e) These requirements must be reproduced intact in any source
** distribution and shall apply to anyone to whom you have
** granted a further right to modify the source code of your
** derived work.
**
** Note that, as originally distributed, the SOFA software is
** intended to be a definitive implementation of the IAU standards,
** and consequently third-party modifications are discouraged. All
** variations, no matter how minor, must be explicitly marked as
** such, as explained above.
**
** 4. You shall not cause the SOFA software to be brought into
** disrepute, either by misuse, or use for inappropriate tasks, or
** by inappropriate modification.
**
** 5. The SOFA software is provided "as is" and SOFA makes no warranty
** as to its use or performance. SOFA does not and cannot warrant
** the performance or results which the user may obtain by using the
** SOFA software. SOFA makes no warranties, express or implied, as
** to non-infringement of third party rights, merchantability, or
** fitness for any particular purpose. In no event will SOFA be
** liable to the user for any consequential, incidental, or special
** damages, including any lost profits or lost savings, even if a
** SOFA representative has been advised of such damages, or for any
** claim by any third party.
**
** 6. The provision of any version of the SOFA software under the terms
** and conditions specified herein does not imply that future
** versions will also be made available under the same terms and
** conditions.
*
** In any published work or commercial product which uses the SOFA
** software directly, acknowledgement (see www.iausofa.org) is
** appreciated.
**
** Correspondence concerning SOFA software should be addressed as
** follows:
**
** By email: sofa@ukho.gov.uk
** By post: IAU SOFA Center
** HM Nautical Almanac Office
** UK Hydrographic Office
** Admiralty Way, Taunton
** Somerset, TA1 2DN
** United Kingdom
**
**--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
}