use crate::gate_translation::GateType;
use crate::buffer_pool::BufferPool;
use crate::parallel_ops_stubs::*;
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct QuantumGate {
gate_type: GateType,
target_qubits: Vec<usize>,
control_qubits: Option<Vec<usize>>,
}
impl QuantumGate {
pub const fn new(
gate_type: GateType,
target_qubits: Vec<usize>,
control_qubits: Option<Vec<usize>>,
) -> Self {
Self {
gate_type,
target_qubits,
control_qubits,
}
}
pub const fn gate_type(&self) -> &GateType {
&self.gate_type
}
pub fn target_qubits(&self) -> &[usize] {
&self.target_qubits
}
pub fn control_qubits(&self) -> Option<&[usize]> {
self.control_qubits.as_deref()
}
}
use crate::error::QuantRS2Error;
use std::collections::HashMap;
#[derive(Debug, Clone, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
pub struct ResourceEstimationConfig {
pub error_correction_code: ErrorCorrectionCode,
pub physical_error_rate: f64,
pub target_logical_error_rate: f64,
pub estimation_mode: EstimationMode,
pub include_hardware_overhead: bool,
pub hardware_platform: HardwarePlatform,
pub detailed_analysis: bool,
}
impl Default for ResourceEstimationConfig {
fn default() -> Self {
Self {
error_correction_code: ErrorCorrectionCode::SurfaceCode,
physical_error_rate: 1e-3,
target_logical_error_rate: 1e-12,
estimation_mode: EstimationMode::Realistic,
include_hardware_overhead: true,
hardware_platform: HardwarePlatform::Superconducting,
detailed_analysis: true,
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
pub enum ErrorCorrectionCode {
SurfaceCode,
ColorCode,
ToricCode,
ShorCode,
StabilizerCode(usize), }
#[derive(Debug, Clone, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
pub enum EstimationMode {
Conservative, Optimistic, Realistic, }
#[derive(Debug, Clone, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
pub enum HardwarePlatform {
Superconducting,
TrappedIon,
Photonic,
NeutralAtom,
SiliconQuantumDots,
TopologicalQubits,
}
pub struct ResourceEstimator {
config: ResourceEstimationConfig,
buffer_pool: Option<BufferPool<f64>>,
}
impl ResourceEstimator {
pub fn new() -> Self {
let config = ResourceEstimationConfig::default();
Self::with_config(config)
}
pub const fn with_config(config: ResourceEstimationConfig) -> Self {
let buffer_pool = if config.include_hardware_overhead {
Some(BufferPool::<f64>::new())
} else {
None
};
Self {
config,
buffer_pool,
}
}
pub fn estimate_resources(
&self,
circuit: &[QuantumGate],
num_qubits: usize,
) -> Result<ResourceEstimate, QuantRS2Error> {
let gate_analysis = self.analyze_gates(circuit)?;
let logical_analysis = self.analyze_logical_requirements(&gate_analysis, num_qubits)?;
let physical_analysis = self.analyze_physical_requirements(&logical_analysis)?;
let time_analysis = self.analyze_execution_time(&gate_analysis)?;
let detailed_analysis = if self.config.detailed_analysis {
Some(DetailedAnalysis {
bottlenecks: self.identify_bottlenecks(&gate_analysis)?,
optimization_suggestions: self.generate_optimization_suggestions(&gate_analysis)?,
scaling_analysis: self.analyze_scaling(&gate_analysis, num_qubits)?,
error_analysis: self.analyze_error_propagation(&gate_analysis)?,
})
} else {
None
};
Ok(ResourceEstimate {
logical_qubits: logical_analysis.logical_qubits,
physical_qubits: physical_analysis.physical_qubits,
total_gates: gate_analysis.total_gates,
gate_breakdown: gate_analysis.gate_breakdown.clone(),
circuit_depth: gate_analysis.circuit_depth,
execution_time: time_analysis.total_time,
time_breakdown: time_analysis.time_breakdown,
error_budget: physical_analysis.error_budget,
overhead_factor: physical_analysis.overhead_factor,
magic_states: logical_analysis.magic_states,
distillation_overhead: logical_analysis.distillation_overhead,
spatial_overhead: physical_analysis.spatial_overhead,
temporal_overhead: time_analysis.temporal_overhead,
detailed_analysis,
})
}
fn analyze_gates(&self, circuit: &[QuantumGate]) -> Result<GateAnalysis, QuantRS2Error> {
let mut gate_breakdown = HashMap::new();
let mut depth_counter = HashMap::new();
let mut max_depth = 0;
if circuit.len() > 1000 {
let gate_counts: HashMap<String, usize> = circuit
.par_iter()
.map(|gate| format!("{:?}", gate.gate_type()))
.fold(HashMap::new, |mut acc, gate_type| {
*acc.entry(gate_type).or_insert(0) += 1;
acc
})
.reduce(HashMap::new, |mut acc1, acc2| {
for (key, value) in acc2 {
*acc1.entry(key).or_insert(0) += value;
}
acc1
});
gate_breakdown = gate_counts;
} else {
for gate in circuit {
let gate_type = format!("{:?}", gate.gate_type());
*gate_breakdown.entry(gate_type).or_insert(0) += 1;
}
}
for gate in circuit {
for &qubit in gate.target_qubits() {
let qubit_depth = depth_counter.entry(qubit).or_insert(0);
*qubit_depth += 1;
max_depth = max_depth.max(*qubit_depth);
}
}
let two_qubit_count = self.count_two_qubit_gates(circuit);
let _complexity_score =
self.calculate_complexity_score(circuit.len(), max_depth, two_qubit_count);
Ok(GateAnalysis {
total_gates: circuit.len(),
gate_breakdown,
circuit_depth: max_depth,
clifford_gates: self.count_clifford_gates(circuit),
non_clifford_gates: self.count_non_clifford_gates(circuit),
two_qubit_gates: self.count_two_qubit_gates(circuit),
measurement_gates: self.count_measurement_gates(circuit),
})
}
fn count_clifford_gates(&self, circuit: &[QuantumGate]) -> usize {
use crate::gate_translation::GateType;
circuit
.iter()
.filter(|gate| {
matches!(
gate.gate_type(),
GateType::X
| GateType::Y
| GateType::Z
| GateType::H
| GateType::CNOT
| GateType::CZ
| GateType::S
)
})
.count()
}
fn count_non_clifford_gates(&self, circuit: &[QuantumGate]) -> usize {
use crate::gate_translation::GateType;
circuit
.iter()
.filter(|gate| {
matches!(
gate.gate_type(),
GateType::T
| GateType::Phase(_)
| GateType::Rx(_)
| GateType::Ry(_)
| GateType::Rz(_)
)
})
.count()
}
fn count_two_qubit_gates(&self, circuit: &[QuantumGate]) -> usize {
circuit
.iter()
.filter(|gate| gate.target_qubits().len() >= 2)
.count()
}
fn count_measurement_gates(&self, circuit: &[QuantumGate]) -> usize {
use crate::gate_translation::GateType;
circuit
.iter()
.filter(
|gate| matches!(gate.gate_type(), GateType::Custom(ref name) if name == "Measure"),
)
.count()
}
fn analyze_logical_requirements(
&self,
gate_analysis: &GateAnalysis,
num_qubits: usize,
) -> Result<LogicalAnalysis, QuantRS2Error> {
let magic_states = self.estimate_magic_states(gate_analysis)?;
let distillation_overhead = self.calculate_distillation_overhead(magic_states)?;
Ok(LogicalAnalysis {
logical_qubits: num_qubits,
magic_states,
distillation_overhead,
ancilla_qubits: self.estimate_ancilla_qubits(gate_analysis)?,
workspace_qubits: self.estimate_workspace_qubits(gate_analysis)?,
})
}
fn estimate_magic_states(&self, gate_analysis: &GateAnalysis) -> Result<usize, QuantRS2Error> {
let t_gates = gate_analysis.non_clifford_gates;
let additional = match self.config.estimation_mode {
EstimationMode::Conservative => (t_gates as f64 * 1.5) as usize,
EstimationMode::Optimistic => t_gates,
EstimationMode::Realistic => (t_gates as f64 * 1.2) as usize,
};
Ok(additional)
}
fn calculate_distillation_overhead(&self, magic_states: usize) -> Result<f64, QuantRS2Error> {
if magic_states == 0 {
return Ok(1.0);
}
let base_ratio = match self.config.error_correction_code {
ErrorCorrectionCode::ColorCode => 12.0,
ErrorCorrectionCode::ShorCode => 20.0,
ErrorCorrectionCode::SurfaceCode
| ErrorCorrectionCode::ToricCode
| ErrorCorrectionCode::StabilizerCode(_) => 15.0, };
let error_factor = (-self.config.target_logical_error_rate.log10() / 3.0).max(1.0);
Ok(base_ratio * error_factor)
}
fn estimate_ancilla_qubits(
&self,
gate_analysis: &GateAnalysis,
) -> Result<usize, QuantRS2Error> {
let syndrome_qubits = match self.config.error_correction_code {
ErrorCorrectionCode::SurfaceCode => gate_analysis.total_gates / 10,
ErrorCorrectionCode::ColorCode => gate_analysis.total_gates / 12,
_ => gate_analysis.total_gates / 15,
};
Ok(syndrome_qubits.max(10)) }
fn estimate_workspace_qubits(
&self,
gate_analysis: &GateAnalysis,
) -> Result<usize, QuantRS2Error> {
let workspace = gate_analysis.two_qubit_gates / 5;
Ok(workspace.max(5)) }
fn analyze_physical_requirements(
&self,
logical_analysis: &LogicalAnalysis,
) -> Result<PhysicalAnalysis, QuantRS2Error> {
let code_distance = self.calculate_code_distance()?;
let qubits_per_logical = self.calculate_qubits_per_logical(code_distance)?;
let total_logical = logical_analysis.logical_qubits
+ logical_analysis.ancilla_qubits
+ logical_analysis.workspace_qubits;
let physical_qubits = total_logical * qubits_per_logical;
let overhead_factor = physical_qubits as f64 / logical_analysis.logical_qubits as f64;
Ok(PhysicalAnalysis {
physical_qubits,
code_distance,
qubits_per_logical,
overhead_factor,
spatial_overhead: self.calculate_spatial_overhead(physical_qubits)?,
error_budget: self.calculate_error_budget()?,
})
}
fn calculate_code_distance(&self) -> Result<usize, QuantRS2Error> {
let p = self.config.physical_error_rate;
let p_target = self.config.target_logical_error_rate;
let threshold = match self.config.error_correction_code {
ErrorCorrectionCode::ColorCode => 8e-3,
ErrorCorrectionCode::SurfaceCode | _ => 1e-2,
};
if p > threshold {
return Err(QuantRS2Error::UnsupportedOperation(
"Physical error rate exceeds threshold".into(),
));
}
let ratio = p / threshold;
let distance = (-p_target.log10() / ratio.log10()).ceil() as usize;
Ok(if distance % 2 == 0 {
distance + 1
} else {
distance
}
.max(3))
}
const fn calculate_qubits_per_logical(&self, distance: usize) -> Result<usize, QuantRS2Error> {
match self.config.error_correction_code {
ErrorCorrectionCode::SurfaceCode => Ok(2 * distance * distance - 2 * distance + 1),
ErrorCorrectionCode::ColorCode => Ok(3 * distance * distance),
ErrorCorrectionCode::ToricCode => Ok(2 * distance * distance),
ErrorCorrectionCode::ShorCode => Ok(9),
ErrorCorrectionCode::StabilizerCode(d) => Ok(d * d),
}
}
fn calculate_spatial_overhead(&self, physical_qubits: usize) -> Result<f64, QuantRS2Error> {
let base_overhead = match self.config.hardware_platform {
HardwarePlatform::Superconducting => 1.5,
HardwarePlatform::TrappedIon => 2.0,
HardwarePlatform::Photonic => 3.0,
HardwarePlatform::NeutralAtom => 1.8,
HardwarePlatform::SiliconQuantumDots => 2.5,
HardwarePlatform::TopologicalQubits => 1.2,
};
let scaling_factor = (physical_qubits as f64).log10().mul_add(0.1, 1.0);
Ok(base_overhead * scaling_factor)
}
fn calculate_error_budget(&self) -> Result<ErrorBudget, QuantRS2Error> {
let total_budget = self.config.target_logical_error_rate;
let gate_errors = total_budget * 0.4;
let measurement_errors = total_budget * 0.2;
let memory_errors = total_budget * 0.3;
let correction_errors = total_budget * 0.1;
Ok(ErrorBudget {
total: total_budget,
gate_errors,
measurement_errors,
memory_errors,
correction_errors,
})
}
fn analyze_execution_time(
&self,
gate_analysis: &GateAnalysis,
) -> Result<TimeAnalysis, QuantRS2Error> {
let gate_times = self.get_gate_timing_parameters()?;
let mut time_breakdown = HashMap::new();
let mut total_time = 0.0;
for (gate_type, count) in &gate_analysis.gate_breakdown {
let gate_time = gate_times.get(gate_type).unwrap_or(&1e-6); let total_gate_time = *gate_time * (*count as f64);
time_breakdown.insert(gate_type.clone(), total_gate_time);
total_time += total_gate_time;
}
let correction_overhead = total_time * 0.5; total_time += correction_overhead;
let temporal_overhead = self.calculate_temporal_overhead(total_time)?;
Ok(TimeAnalysis {
total_time,
time_breakdown,
correction_overhead,
temporal_overhead,
})
}
fn get_gate_timing_parameters(&self) -> Result<HashMap<String, f64>, QuantRS2Error> {
let mut timings = HashMap::new();
match self.config.hardware_platform {
HardwarePlatform::Superconducting => {
timings.insert("X".to_string(), 20e-9);
timings.insert("Y".to_string(), 20e-9);
timings.insert("Z".to_string(), 1e-9);
timings.insert("H".to_string(), 20e-9);
timings.insert("CNOT".to_string(), 40e-9);
timings.insert("T".to_string(), 20e-9);
timings.insert("Measure".to_string(), 300e-9);
}
HardwarePlatform::TrappedIon => {
timings.insert("X".to_string(), 10e-6);
timings.insert("Y".to_string(), 10e-6);
timings.insert("Z".to_string(), 1e-6);
timings.insert("H".to_string(), 10e-6);
timings.insert("CNOT".to_string(), 100e-6);
timings.insert("T".to_string(), 10e-6);
timings.insert("Measure".to_string(), 100e-6);
}
HardwarePlatform::Photonic => {
timings.insert("X".to_string(), 1e-9);
timings.insert("Y".to_string(), 1e-9);
timings.insert("Z".to_string(), 1e-9);
timings.insert("H".to_string(), 1e-9);
timings.insert("CNOT".to_string(), 10e-9);
timings.insert("T".to_string(), 1e-9);
timings.insert("Measure".to_string(), 1e-9);
}
_ => {
timings.insert("X".to_string(), 1e-6);
timings.insert("Y".to_string(), 1e-6);
timings.insert("Z".to_string(), 1e-6);
timings.insert("H".to_string(), 1e-6);
timings.insert("CNOT".to_string(), 2e-6);
timings.insert("T".to_string(), 1e-6);
timings.insert("Measure".to_string(), 10e-6);
}
}
Ok(timings)
}
const fn calculate_temporal_overhead(&self, _base_time: f64) -> Result<f64, QuantRS2Error> {
let overhead = match self.config.hardware_platform {
HardwarePlatform::Superconducting => 1.3,
HardwarePlatform::TrappedIon => 1.8,
HardwarePlatform::Photonic | HardwarePlatform::TopologicalQubits => 1.1,
HardwarePlatform::NeutralAtom => 1.5,
HardwarePlatform::SiliconQuantumDots => 2.0,
};
Ok(overhead)
}
fn identify_bottlenecks(
&self,
gate_analysis: &GateAnalysis,
) -> Result<Vec<String>, QuantRS2Error> {
let mut bottlenecks = Vec::new();
if gate_analysis.circuit_depth > 1000 {
bottlenecks.push("High circuit depth may lead to decoherence issues".to_string());
}
if gate_analysis.two_qubit_gates > gate_analysis.total_gates / 2 {
bottlenecks.push("High ratio of two-qubit gates increases error rates".to_string());
}
if gate_analysis.non_clifford_gates > 100 {
bottlenecks
.push("Large number of non-Clifford gates requires many magic states".to_string());
}
Ok(bottlenecks)
}
fn calculate_complexity_score(
&self,
total_gates: usize,
depth: usize,
two_qubit_gates: usize,
) -> f64 {
let gate_complexity = total_gates as f64;
let depth_complexity = depth as f64 * 1.5; let two_qubit_complexity = two_qubit_gates as f64 * 2.0;
(gate_complexity + depth_complexity + two_qubit_complexity) / (total_gates as f64 + 1.0)
}
fn generate_optimization_suggestions(
&self,
gate_analysis: &GateAnalysis,
) -> Result<Vec<String>, QuantRS2Error> {
let mut suggestions = Vec::new();
let complexity_score = self.calculate_complexity_score(
gate_analysis.total_gates,
gate_analysis.circuit_depth,
gate_analysis.two_qubit_gates,
);
if gate_analysis.circuit_depth > 500 {
suggestions.push("Consider circuit parallelization to reduce depth".to_string());
if complexity_score > 3.0 {
suggestions.push(
"Use SciRS2 parallel gate scheduling for improved performance".to_string(),
);
}
}
if gate_analysis.non_clifford_gates > 50 {
suggestions.push("Apply Clifford+T optimization to reduce T-gate count".to_string());
if self.config.detailed_analysis {
suggestions.push("Consider SciRS2 magic state optimization algorithms".to_string());
}
}
if gate_analysis.two_qubit_gates > gate_analysis.total_gates / 3 {
suggestions.push(
"High two-qubit gate ratio detected - consider gate fusion optimization"
.to_string(),
);
}
match self.config.hardware_platform {
HardwarePlatform::Superconducting => {
suggestions.push("Optimize for superconducting hardware connectivity".to_string());
}
HardwarePlatform::TrappedIon => {
suggestions
.push("Leverage all-to-all connectivity for trapped ion systems".to_string());
}
_ => {
suggestions.push("Consider hardware-specific gate set optimization".to_string());
}
}
suggestions.push("Consider using error mitigation techniques".to_string());
suggestions.push("Apply SciRS2 memory-efficient state vector simulation".to_string());
Ok(suggestions)
}
fn analyze_scaling(
&self,
gate_analysis: &GateAnalysis,
num_qubits: usize,
) -> Result<ScalingAnalysis, QuantRS2Error> {
let time_complexity = if gate_analysis.two_qubit_gates > 0 {
format!(
"O(n^{})",
(gate_analysis.two_qubit_gates as f64 / num_qubits as f64)
.log2()
.ceil()
)
} else {
"O(n)".to_string()
};
let space_complexity = "O(2^n)".to_string();
Ok(ScalingAnalysis {
time_complexity,
space_complexity,
predicted_scaling: self.predict_scaling_factors(num_qubits)?,
})
}
fn predict_scaling_factors(
&self,
_num_qubits: usize,
) -> Result<HashMap<String, f64>, QuantRS2Error> {
let mut factors = HashMap::new();
factors.insert("10_qubits".to_string(), 1.0);
factors.insert("20_qubits".to_string(), 4.0);
factors.insert("50_qubits".to_string(), 100.0);
factors.insert("100_qubits".to_string(), 10000.0);
Ok(factors)
}
fn analyze_error_propagation(
&self,
gate_analysis: &GateAnalysis,
) -> Result<ErrorPropagationAnalysis, QuantRS2Error> {
let error_accumulation = gate_analysis.total_gates as f64 * self.config.physical_error_rate;
let error_amplification = (gate_analysis.two_qubit_gates as f64).mul_add(0.1, 1.0);
Ok(ErrorPropagationAnalysis {
error_accumulation,
error_amplification,
critical_paths: vec!["Long sequences of two-qubit gates".to_string()],
})
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ResourceEstimate {
pub logical_qubits: usize,
pub physical_qubits: usize,
pub total_gates: usize,
pub gate_breakdown: HashMap<String, usize>,
pub circuit_depth: usize,
pub execution_time: f64,
pub time_breakdown: HashMap<String, f64>,
pub error_budget: ErrorBudget,
pub overhead_factor: f64,
pub magic_states: usize,
pub distillation_overhead: f64,
pub spatial_overhead: f64,
pub temporal_overhead: f64,
pub detailed_analysis: Option<DetailedAnalysis>,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
struct GateAnalysis {
total_gates: usize,
gate_breakdown: HashMap<String, usize>,
circuit_depth: usize,
clifford_gates: usize,
non_clifford_gates: usize,
two_qubit_gates: usize,
measurement_gates: usize,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
struct LogicalAnalysis {
logical_qubits: usize,
magic_states: usize,
distillation_overhead: f64,
ancilla_qubits: usize,
workspace_qubits: usize,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
struct PhysicalAnalysis {
physical_qubits: usize,
code_distance: usize,
qubits_per_logical: usize,
overhead_factor: f64,
spatial_overhead: f64,
error_budget: ErrorBudget,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
struct TimeAnalysis {
total_time: f64,
time_breakdown: HashMap<String, f64>,
correction_overhead: f64,
temporal_overhead: f64,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ErrorBudget {
pub total: f64,
pub gate_errors: f64,
pub measurement_errors: f64,
pub memory_errors: f64,
pub correction_errors: f64,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct DetailedAnalysis {
pub bottlenecks: Vec<String>,
pub optimization_suggestions: Vec<String>,
pub scaling_analysis: ScalingAnalysis,
pub error_analysis: ErrorPropagationAnalysis,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ScalingAnalysis {
pub time_complexity: String,
pub space_complexity: String,
pub predicted_scaling: HashMap<String, f64>,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ErrorPropagationAnalysis {
pub error_accumulation: f64,
pub error_amplification: f64,
pub critical_paths: Vec<String>,
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use super::{GateType, QuantumGate};
#[test]
fn test_resource_estimator_creation() {
let estimator = ResourceEstimator::new();
assert!(matches!(
estimator.config.error_correction_code,
ErrorCorrectionCode::SurfaceCode
));
}
#[test]
fn test_gate_analysis() {
let estimator = ResourceEstimator::new();
let circuit = vec![
QuantumGate::new(GateType::H, vec![0], None),
QuantumGate::new(GateType::CNOT, vec![0, 1], None),
QuantumGate::new(GateType::T, vec![0], None),
];
let analysis = estimator
.analyze_gates(&circuit)
.expect("Gate analysis should succeed");
assert_eq!(analysis.total_gates, 3);
assert_eq!(analysis.clifford_gates, 2);
assert_eq!(analysis.non_clifford_gates, 1);
}
#[test]
fn test_magic_state_estimation() {
let estimator = ResourceEstimator::new();
let gate_analysis = GateAnalysis {
total_gates: 10,
gate_breakdown: HashMap::new(),
circuit_depth: 5,
clifford_gates: 7,
non_clifford_gates: 3,
two_qubit_gates: 2,
measurement_gates: 0,
};
let magic_states = estimator
.estimate_magic_states(&gate_analysis)
.expect("Magic state estimation should succeed");
assert!(magic_states >= 3); }
#[test]
fn test_code_distance_calculation() {
let mut config = ResourceEstimationConfig::default();
config.physical_error_rate = 1e-3;
config.target_logical_error_rate = 1e-12;
let estimator = ResourceEstimator::with_config(config);
let distance = estimator
.calculate_code_distance()
.expect("Code distance calculation should succeed");
assert!(distance >= 3);
assert!(distance % 2 == 1); }
#[test]
fn test_resource_estimation_small_circuit() {
let estimator = ResourceEstimator::new();
let circuit = vec![
QuantumGate::new(GateType::H, vec![0], None),
QuantumGate::new(GateType::CNOT, vec![0, 1], None),
];
let estimate = estimator
.estimate_resources(&circuit, 2)
.expect("Resource estimation should succeed");
assert!(estimate.logical_qubits > 0);
assert!(estimate.physical_qubits > estimate.logical_qubits);
assert!(estimate.execution_time > 0.0);
}
}