Struct Mesh 

pub struct Mesh {
    pub asset_usage: RenderAssetUsages,
    pub enable_raytracing: bool,
    /* private fields */
}

A 3D object made out of vertices representing triangles, lines, or points, with “attribute” values for each vertex.

Meshes can be automatically generated by a bevy AssetLoader (generally by loading a Gltf file), or by converting a primitive using into. It is also possible to create one manually. They can be edited after creation.

Meshes can be rendered with a Mesh2d and MeshMaterial2d or Mesh3d and MeshMaterial3d for 2D and 3D respectively.

A Mesh in Bevy is equivalent to a “primitive” in the glTF format, for a glTF Mesh representation, see GltfMesh.

Manual creation

The following function will construct a flat mesh, to be rendered with a StandardMaterial or ColorMaterial:

fn create_simple_parallelogram() -> Mesh {
    // Create a new mesh using a triangle list topology, where each set of 3 vertices composes a triangle.
    Mesh::new(PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList, RenderAssetUsages::default())
        // Add 4 vertices, each with its own position attribute (coordinate in
        // 3D space), for each of the corners of the parallelogram.
        .with_inserted_attribute(
            Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION,
            vec![[0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [1.0, 2.0, 0.0], [2.0, 2.0, 0.0], [1.0, 0.0, 0.0]]
        )
        // Assign a UV coordinate to each vertex.
        .with_inserted_attribute(
            Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0,
            vec![[0.0, 1.0], [0.5, 0.0], [1.0, 0.0], [0.5, 1.0]]
        )
        // Assign normals (everything points outwards)
        .with_inserted_attribute(
            Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
            vec![[0.0, 0.0, 1.0], [0.0, 0.0, 1.0], [0.0, 0.0, 1.0], [0.0, 0.0, 1.0]]
        )
        // After defining all the vertices and their attributes, build each triangle using the
        // indices of the vertices that make it up in a counter-clockwise order.
        .with_inserted_indices(Indices::U32(vec![
            // First triangle
            0, 3, 1,
            // Second triangle
            1, 3, 2
        ]))
}

You can see how it looks like here, used in a Mesh3d with a square bevy logo texture, with added axis, points, lines and text for clarity.

Other examples

For further visualization, explanation, and examples, see the built-in Bevy examples, and the implementation of the built-in shapes. In particular, generate_custom_mesh teaches you to access and modify the attributes of a Mesh after creating it.

Common points of confusion

• UV maps in Bevy start at the top-left, see ATTRIBUTE_UV_0, other APIs can have other conventions, OpenGL starts at bottom-left.
• It is possible and sometimes useful for multiple vertices to have the same position attribute value, it’s a common technique in 3D modeling for complex UV mapping or other calculations.
• Bevy performs frustum culling based on the Aabb of meshes, which is calculated and added automatically for new meshes only. If a mesh is modified, the entity’s Aabb needs to be updated manually or deleted so that it is re-calculated.

Use with StandardMaterial

To render correctly with StandardMaterial, a mesh needs to have properly defined:

• UVs: Bevy needs to know how to map a texture onto the mesh (also true for ColorMaterial).
• Normals: Bevy needs to know how light interacts with your mesh. [0.0, 0.0, 1.0] is very common for simple flat meshes on the XY plane, because simple meshes are smooth and they don’t require complex light calculations.
• Vertex winding order: by default, StandardMaterial.cull_mode is Some(Face::Back), which means that Bevy would only render the “front” of each triangle, which is the side of the triangle from where the vertices appear in a counter-clockwise order.

Remote Inspection

To transmit a Mesh between two running Bevy apps, e.g. through BRP, use SerializedMesh. This type is only meant for short-term transmission between same versions and should not be stored anywhere.

Fields

asset_usage: RenderAssetUsages

enable_raytracing: bool

Whether or not to build a BLAS for use with bevy_solari raytracing.

Note that this is not whether the mesh is compatible with bevy_solari raytracing. This field just controls whether or not a BLAS gets built for this mesh, assuming that the mesh is compatible.

The use case for this field is using lower-resolution proxy meshes for raytracing (to save on BLAS memory usage), while using higher-resolution meshes for raster. You can set this field to true for the lower-resolution proxy mesh, and to false for the high-resolution raster mesh.

Alternatively, you can use the same mesh for both raster and raytracing, with this field set to true.

Does nothing if not used with bevy_solari, or if the mesh is not compatible with bevy_solari (see bevy_solari’s docs).

Implementations

impl Mesh

pub const ATTRIBUTE_POSITION: MeshVertexAttribute

Where the vertex is located in space. Use in conjunction with Mesh::insert_attribute or Mesh::with_inserted_attribute.

The format of this attribute is VertexFormat::Float32x3.

pub const ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL: MeshVertexAttribute

The direction the vertex normal is facing in. Use in conjunction with Mesh::insert_attribute or Mesh::with_inserted_attribute.

The format of this attribute is VertexFormat::Float32x3.

pub const ATTRIBUTE_UV_0: MeshVertexAttribute

Texture coordinates for the vertex. Use in conjunction with Mesh::insert_attribute or Mesh::with_inserted_attribute.

Generally [0.,0.] is mapped to the top left of the texture, and [1.,1.] to the bottom-right.

By default values outside will be clamped per pixel not for the vertex, “stretching” the borders of the texture. This behavior can be useful in some cases, usually when the borders have only one color, for example a logo, and you want to “extend” those borders.

For different mapping outside of 0..=1 range, see ImageAddressMode.

The format of this attribute is VertexFormat::Float32x2.

pub const ATTRIBUTE_UV_1: MeshVertexAttribute

Alternate texture coordinates for the vertex. Use in conjunction with Mesh::insert_attribute or Mesh::with_inserted_attribute.

Typically, these are used for lightmaps, textures that provide precomputed illumination.

The format of this attribute is VertexFormat::Float32x2.

pub const ATTRIBUTE_TANGENT: MeshVertexAttribute

The direction of the vertex tangent. Used for normal mapping. Usually generated with generate_tangents or with_generated_tangents.

The format of this attribute is VertexFormat::Float32x4.

pub const ATTRIBUTE_COLOR: MeshVertexAttribute

Per vertex coloring. Use in conjunction with Mesh::insert_attribute or Mesh::with_inserted_attribute.

The format of this attribute is VertexFormat::Float32x4.

pub const ATTRIBUTE_JOINT_WEIGHT: MeshVertexAttribute

Per vertex joint transform matrix weight. Use in conjunction with Mesh::insert_attribute or Mesh::with_inserted_attribute.

The format of this attribute is VertexFormat::Float32x4.

pub const ATTRIBUTE_JOINT_INDEX: MeshVertexAttribute

Per vertex joint transform matrix index. Use in conjunction with Mesh::insert_attribute or Mesh::with_inserted_attribute.

The format of this attribute is VertexFormat::Uint16x4.

pub const FIRST_AVAILABLE_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTE: u64 = 8u64

The first index that can be used for custom vertex attributes. Only the attributes with an index below this are used by Bevy.

pub fn new( primitive_topology: PrimitiveTopology, asset_usage: RenderAssetUsages, ) -> Mesh

Construct a new mesh. You need to provide a PrimitiveTopology so that the renderer knows how to treat the vertex data. Most of the time this will be PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList.

Examples found in repository

examples/3d/lines.rs (lines 99-104)

    fn from(line: LineList) -> Self {
        let vertices: Vec<_> = line.lines.into_iter().flat_map(|(a, b)| [a, b]).collect();

        Mesh::new(
            // This tells wgpu that the positions are list of lines
            // where every pair is a start and end point
            PrimitiveTopology::LineList,
            RenderAssetUsages::RENDER_WORLD,
        )
        // Add the vertices positions as an attribute
        .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION, vertices)
    }
}

/// A list of points that will have a line drawn between each consecutive points
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
struct LineStrip {
    points: Vec<Vec3>,
}

impl From<LineStrip> for Mesh {
    fn from(line: LineStrip) -> Self {
        Mesh::new(
            // This tells wgpu that the positions are a list of points
            // where a line will be drawn between each consecutive point
            PrimitiveTopology::LineStrip,
            RenderAssetUsages::RENDER_WORLD,
        )
        // Add the point positions as an attribute
        .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION, line.points)
    }

examples/shader_advanced/specialized_mesh_pipeline.rs (lines 56-59)

fn setup(mut commands: Commands, mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>) {
    // Build a custom triangle mesh with colors
    // We define a custom mesh because the examples only uses a limited
    // set of vertex attributes for simplicity
    let mesh = Mesh::new(
        PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList,
        RenderAssetUsages::default(),
    )
    .with_inserted_indices(Indices::U32(vec![0, 1, 2]))
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION,
        vec![
            vec3(-0.5, -0.5, 0.0),
            vec3(0.5, -0.5, 0.0),
            vec3(0.0, 0.25, 0.0),
        ],
    )
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_COLOR,
        vec![
            vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0),
            vec4(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0),
            vec4(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0),
        ],
    );

    // spawn 3 triangles to show that batching works
    for (x, y) in [-0.5, 0.0, 0.5].into_iter().zip([-0.25, 0.5, -0.25]) {
        // Spawn an entity with all the required components for it to be rendered with our custom pipeline
        commands.spawn((
            // We use a marker component to identify the mesh that will be rendered
            // with our specialized pipeline
            CustomRenderedEntity,
            // We need to add the mesh handle to the entity
            Mesh3d(meshes.add(mesh.clone())),
            Transform::from_xyz(x, y, 0.0),
        ));
    }

    // Spawn the camera.
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3d::default(),
        // Move the camera back a bit to see all the triangles
        Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.0, 3.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
    ));
}

examples/math/custom_primitives.rs (lines 443-446)

    fn build(&self) -> Mesh {
        let radius = self.heart.radius;
        // The curved parts of each wing (half) of the heart have an angle of `PI * 1.25` or 225°
        let wing_angle = PI * 1.25;

        // We create buffers for the vertices, their normals and UVs, as well as the indices used to connect the vertices.
        let mut vertices = Vec::with_capacity(2 * self.resolution);
        let mut uvs = Vec::with_capacity(2 * self.resolution);
        let mut indices = Vec::with_capacity(6 * self.resolution - 9);
        // Since the heart is flat, we know all the normals are identical already.
        let normals = vec![[0f32, 0f32, 1f32]; 2 * self.resolution];

        // The point in the middle of the two curved parts of the heart
        vertices.push([0.0; 3]);
        uvs.push([0.5, 0.5]);

        // The left wing of the heart, starting from the point in the middle.
        for i in 1..self.resolution {
            let angle = (i as f32 / self.resolution as f32) * wing_angle;
            let (sin, cos) = ops::sin_cos(angle);
            vertices.push([radius * (cos - 1.0), radius * sin, 0.0]);
            uvs.push([0.5 - (cos - 1.0) / 4., 0.5 - sin / 2.]);
        }

        // The bottom tip of the heart
        vertices.push([0.0, radius * (-1. - SQRT_2), 0.0]);
        uvs.push([0.5, 1.]);

        // The right wing of the heart, starting from the bottom most point and going towards the middle point.
        for i in 0..self.resolution - 1 {
            let angle = (i as f32 / self.resolution as f32) * wing_angle - PI / 4.;
            let (sin, cos) = ops::sin_cos(angle);
            vertices.push([radius * (cos + 1.0), radius * sin, 0.0]);
            uvs.push([0.5 - (cos + 1.0) / 4., 0.5 - sin / 2.]);
        }

        // This is where we build all the triangles from the points created above.
        // Each triangle has one corner on the middle point with the other two being adjacent points on the perimeter of the heart.
        for i in 2..2 * self.resolution as u32 {
            indices.extend_from_slice(&[i - 1, i, 0]);
        }

        // Here, the actual `Mesh` is created. We set the indices, vertices, normals and UVs created above and specify the topology of the mesh.
        Mesh::new(
            bevy::mesh::PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList,
            RenderAssetUsages::default(),
        )
        .with_inserted_indices(bevy::mesh::Indices::U32(indices))
        .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION, vertices)
        .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, normals)
        .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0, uvs)
    }

examples/2d/mesh2d_manual.rs (lines 61-64)

fn star(
    mut commands: Commands,
    // We will add a new Mesh for the star being created
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
) {
    // Let's define the mesh for the object we want to draw: a nice star.
    // We will specify here what kind of topology is used to define the mesh,
    // that is, how triangles are built from the vertices. We will use a
    // triangle list, meaning that each vertex of the triangle has to be
    // specified. We set `RenderAssetUsages::RENDER_WORLD`, meaning this mesh
    // will not be accessible in future frames from the `meshes` resource, in
    // order to save on memory once it has been uploaded to the GPU.
    let mut star = Mesh::new(
        PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList,
        RenderAssetUsages::RENDER_WORLD,
    );

    // Vertices need to have a position attribute. We will use the following
    // vertices (I hope you can spot the star in the schema).
    //
    //        1
    //
    //     10   2
    // 9      0      3
    //     8     4
    //        6
    //   7        5
    //
    // These vertices are specified in 3D space.
    let mut v_pos = vec![[0.0, 0.0, 0.0]];
    for i in 0..10 {
        // The angle between each vertex is 1/10 of a full rotation.
        let a = i as f32 * PI / 5.0;
        // The radius of inner vertices (even indices) is 100. For outer vertices (odd indices) it's 200.
        let r = (1 - i % 2) as f32 * 100.0 + 100.0;
        // Add the vertex position.
        v_pos.push([r * ops::sin(a), r * ops::cos(a), 0.0]);
    }
    // Set the position attribute
    star.insert_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION, v_pos);
    // And a RGB color attribute as well. A built-in `Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_COLOR` exists, but we
    // use a custom vertex attribute here for demonstration purposes.
    let mut v_color: Vec<u32> = vec![LinearRgba::BLACK.as_u32()];
    v_color.extend_from_slice(&[LinearRgba::from(YELLOW).as_u32(); 10]);
    star.insert_attribute(
        MeshVertexAttribute::new("Vertex_Color", 1, VertexFormat::Uint32),
        v_color,
    );

    // Now, we specify the indices of the vertex that are going to compose the
    // triangles in our star. Vertices in triangles have to be specified in CCW
    // winding (that will be the front face, colored). Since we are using
    // triangle list, we will specify each triangle as 3 vertices
    //   First triangle: 0, 2, 1
    //   Second triangle: 0, 3, 2
    //   Third triangle: 0, 4, 3
    //   etc
    //   Last triangle: 0, 1, 10
    let mut indices = vec![0, 1, 10];
    for i in 2..=10 {
        indices.extend_from_slice(&[0, i, i - 1]);
    }
    star.insert_indices(Indices::U32(indices));

    // We can now spawn the entities for the star and the camera
    commands.spawn((
        // We use a marker component to identify the custom colored meshes
        ColoredMesh2d,
        // The `Handle<Mesh>` needs to be wrapped in a `Mesh2d` for 2D rendering
        Mesh2d(meshes.add(star)),
    ));

    commands.spawn(Camera2d);
}

tests/3d/test_invalid_skinned_mesh.rs (lines 99-102)

fn setup_meshes(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut mesh_assets: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut material_assets: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut inverse_bindposes_assets: ResMut<Assets<SkinnedMeshInverseBindposes>>,
) {
    // Create a mesh with two rectangles.
    let unskinned_mesh = Mesh::new(
        PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList,
        RenderAssetUsages::default(),
    )
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION,
        vec![
            [-0.3, -0.3, 0.0],
            [0.3, -0.3, 0.0],
            [-0.3, 0.3, 0.0],
            [0.3, 0.3, 0.0],
            [-0.4, 0.8, 0.0],
            [0.4, 0.8, 0.0],
            [-0.4, 1.8, 0.0],
            [0.4, 1.8, 0.0],
        ],
    )
    .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, vec![[0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; 8])
    .with_inserted_indices(Indices::U16(vec![0, 1, 3, 0, 3, 2, 4, 5, 7, 4, 7, 6]));

    // Copy the mesh and add skinning attributes that bind each rectangle to a joint.
    let skinned_mesh = unskinned_mesh
        .clone()
        .with_inserted_attribute(
            Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_JOINT_INDEX,
            VertexAttributeValues::Uint16x4(vec![
                [0, 0, 0, 0],
                [0, 0, 0, 0],
                [0, 0, 0, 0],
                [0, 0, 0, 0],
                [1, 0, 0, 0],
                [1, 0, 0, 0],
                [1, 0, 0, 0],
                [1, 0, 0, 0],
            ]),
        )
        .with_inserted_attribute(
            Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_JOINT_WEIGHT,
            vec![[1.00, 0.00, 0.0, 0.0]; 8],
        );

    let unskinned_mesh_handle = mesh_assets.add(unskinned_mesh);
    let skinned_mesh_handle = mesh_assets.add(skinned_mesh);

    let inverse_bindposes_handle = inverse_bindposes_assets.add(vec![
        Mat4::IDENTITY,
        Mat4::from_translation(Vec3::new(0.0, -1.3, 0.0)),
    ]);

    let mesh_material_handle = material_assets.add(StandardMaterial::default());

    let background_material_handle = material_assets.add(StandardMaterial {
        base_color: Color::srgb(0.05, 0.15, 0.05),
        reflectance: 0.2,
        ..default()
    });

    #[derive(PartialEq)]
    enum Variation {
        Normal,
        MissingMeshAttributes,
        MissingJointEntity,
        MissingSkinnedMeshComponent,
    }

    for (index, variation) in [
        Variation::Normal,
        Variation::MissingMeshAttributes,
        Variation::MissingJointEntity,
        Variation::MissingSkinnedMeshComponent,
    ]
    .into_iter()
    .enumerate()
    {
        // Skip variations that are currently broken. See https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/16929,
        // https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/18074.
        if (variation == Variation::MissingSkinnedMeshComponent)
            || (variation == Variation::MissingMeshAttributes)
        {
            continue;
        }

        let transform = Transform::from_xyz(((index as f32) - 1.5) * 4.5, 0.0, 0.0);

        let joint_0 = commands.spawn(transform).id();

        let joint_1 = commands
            .spawn((ChildOf(joint_0), AnimatedJoint, Transform::IDENTITY))
            .id();

        if variation == Variation::MissingJointEntity {
            commands.entity(joint_1).despawn();
        }

        let mesh_handle = match variation {
            Variation::MissingMeshAttributes => &unskinned_mesh_handle,
            _ => &skinned_mesh_handle,
        };

        let mut entity_commands = commands.spawn((
            Mesh3d(mesh_handle.clone()),
            MeshMaterial3d(mesh_material_handle.clone()),
            transform,
        ));

        if variation != Variation::MissingSkinnedMeshComponent {
            entity_commands.insert(SkinnedMesh {
                inverse_bindposes: inverse_bindposes_handle.clone(),
                joints: vec![joint_0, joint_1],
            });
        }

        // Add a square behind the mesh to distinguish it from the other meshes.
        commands.spawn((
            Transform::from_xyz(transform.translation.x, transform.translation.y, -0.8),
            Mesh3d(mesh_assets.add(Plane3d::default().mesh().size(4.3, 4.3).normal(Dir3::Z))),
            MeshMaterial3d(background_material_handle.clone()),
        ));
    }
}

examples/animation/custom_skinned_mesh.rs (lines 57-60)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut skinned_mesh_inverse_bindposes_assets: ResMut<Assets<SkinnedMeshInverseBindposes>>,
) {
    // Create a camera
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3d::default(),
        Transform::from_xyz(2.5, 2.5, 9.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
    ));

    // Create inverse bindpose matrices for a skeleton consists of 2 joints
    let inverse_bindposes = skinned_mesh_inverse_bindposes_assets.add(vec![
        Mat4::from_translation(Vec3::new(-0.5, -1.0, 0.0)),
        Mat4::from_translation(Vec3::new(-0.5, -1.0, 0.0)),
    ]);

    // Create a mesh
    let mesh = Mesh::new(
        PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList,
        RenderAssetUsages::RENDER_WORLD,
    )
    // Set mesh vertex positions
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION,
        vec![
            [0.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            [1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.0, 0.5, 0.0],
            [1.0, 0.5, 0.0],
            [0.0, 1.0, 0.0],
            [1.0, 1.0, 0.0],
            [0.0, 1.5, 0.0],
            [1.0, 1.5, 0.0],
            [0.0, 2.0, 0.0],
            [1.0, 2.0, 0.0],
        ],
    )
    // Add UV coordinates that map the left half of the texture since its a 1 x
    // 2 rectangle.
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0,
        vec![
            [0.0, 0.00],
            [0.5, 0.00],
            [0.0, 0.25],
            [0.5, 0.25],
            [0.0, 0.50],
            [0.5, 0.50],
            [0.0, 0.75],
            [0.5, 0.75],
            [0.0, 1.00],
            [0.5, 1.00],
        ],
    )
    // Set mesh vertex normals
    .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, vec![[0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; 10])
    // Set mesh vertex joint indices for mesh skinning.
    // Each vertex gets 4 indices used to address the `JointTransforms` array in the vertex shader
    //  as well as `SkinnedMeshJoint` array in the `SkinnedMesh` component.
    // This means that a maximum of 4 joints can affect a single vertex.
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_JOINT_INDEX,
        // Need to be explicit here as [u16; 4] could be either Uint16x4 or Unorm16x4.
        VertexAttributeValues::Uint16x4(vec![
            [0, 0, 0, 0],
            [0, 0, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
        ]),
    )
    // Set mesh vertex joint weights for mesh skinning.
    // Each vertex gets 4 joint weights corresponding to the 4 joint indices assigned to it.
    // The sum of these weights should equal to 1.
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_JOINT_WEIGHT,
        vec![
            [1.00, 0.00, 0.0, 0.0],
            [1.00, 0.00, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.75, 0.25, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.75, 0.25, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.50, 0.50, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.50, 0.50, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.25, 0.75, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.25, 0.75, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.00, 1.00, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.00, 1.00, 0.0, 0.0],
        ],
    )
    // Tell bevy to construct triangles from a list of vertex indices,
    // where each 3 vertex indices form a triangle.
    .with_inserted_indices(Indices::U16(vec![
        0, 1, 3, 0, 3, 2, 2, 3, 5, 2, 5, 4, 4, 5, 7, 4, 7, 6, 6, 7, 9, 6, 9, 8,
    ]));

    let mesh = meshes.add(mesh);

    // We're seeding the PRNG here to make this example deterministic for testing purposes.
    // This isn't strictly required in practical use unless you need your app to be deterministic.
    let mut rng = ChaCha8Rng::seed_from_u64(42);

    for i in -5..5 {
        // Create joint entities
        let joint_0 = commands
            .spawn(Transform::from_xyz(
                i as f32 * 1.5,
                0.0,
                // Move quads back a small amount to avoid Z-fighting and not
                // obscure the transform gizmos.
                -(i as f32 * 0.01).abs(),
            ))
            .id();
        let joint_1 = commands.spawn((AnimatedJoint(i), Transform::IDENTITY)).id();

        // Set joint_1 as a child of joint_0.
        commands.entity(joint_0).add_children(&[joint_1]);

        // Each joint in this vector corresponds to each inverse bindpose matrix in `SkinnedMeshInverseBindposes`.
        let joint_entities = vec![joint_0, joint_1];

        // Create skinned mesh renderer. Note that its transform doesn't affect the position of the mesh.
        commands.spawn((
            Mesh3d(mesh.clone()),
            MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(StandardMaterial {
                base_color: Color::srgb(
                    rng.random_range(0.0..1.0),
                    rng.random_range(0.0..1.0),
                    rng.random_range(0.0..1.0),
                ),
                base_color_texture: Some(asset_server.load("textures/uv_checker_bw.png")),
                ..default()
            })),
            SkinnedMesh {
                inverse_bindposes: inverse_bindposes.clone(),
                joints: joint_entities,
            },
        ));
    }
}

Additional examples can be found in:

• examples/3d/generate_custom_mesh.rs

pub fn primitive_topology(&self) -> PrimitiveTopology

Returns the topology of the mesh.

Examples found in repository

examples/asset/asset_loading.rs (line 43)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    meshes: Res<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) {
    // By default AssetServer will load assets from inside the "assets" folder.
    // For example, the next line will load GltfAssetLabel::Primitive{mesh:0,primitive:0}.from_asset("ROOT/assets/models/cube/cube.gltf"),
    // where "ROOT" is the directory of the Application.
    //
    // This can be overridden by setting [`AssetPlugin.file_path`].
    let cube_handle = asset_server.load(
        GltfAssetLabel::Primitive {
            mesh: 0,
            primitive: 0,
        }
        .from_asset("models/cube/cube.gltf"),
    );
    let sphere_handle = asset_server.load(
        GltfAssetLabel::Primitive {
            mesh: 0,
            primitive: 0,
        }
        .from_asset("models/sphere/sphere.gltf"),
    );

    // All assets end up in their Assets<T> collection once they are done loading:
    if let Some(sphere) = meshes.get(&sphere_handle) {
        // You might notice that this doesn't run! This is because assets load in parallel without
        // blocking. When an asset has loaded, it will appear in relevant Assets<T>
        // collection.
        info!("{:?}", sphere.primitive_topology());
    } else {
        info!("sphere hasn't loaded yet");
    }

    // You can load all assets in a folder like this. They will be loaded in parallel without
    // blocking. The LoadedFolder asset holds handles to each asset in the folder. These are all
    // dependencies of the LoadedFolder asset, meaning you can wait for the LoadedFolder asset to
    // fire AssetEvent::LoadedWithDependencies if you want to wait for all assets in the folder
    // to load.
    // If you want to keep the assets in the folder alive, make sure you store the returned handle
    // somewhere.
    let _loaded_folder: Handle<LoadedFolder> = asset_server.load_folder("models/torus");

    // If you want a handle to a specific asset in a loaded folder, the easiest way to get one is to call load.
    // It will _not_ be loaded a second time.
    // The LoadedFolder asset will ultimately also hold handles to the assets, but waiting for it to load
    // and finding the right handle is more work!
    let torus_handle = asset_server.load(
        GltfAssetLabel::Primitive {
            mesh: 0,
            primitive: 0,
        }
        .from_asset("models/torus/torus.gltf"),
    );

    // You can also add assets directly to their Assets<T> storage:
    let material_handle = materials.add(StandardMaterial {
        base_color: Color::srgb(0.8, 0.7, 0.6),
        ..default()
    });

    // torus
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(torus_handle),
        MeshMaterial3d(material_handle.clone()),
        Transform::from_xyz(-3.0, 0.0, 0.0),
    ));
    // cube
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(cube_handle),
        MeshMaterial3d(material_handle.clone()),
        Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
    ));
    // sphere
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(sphere_handle),
        MeshMaterial3d(material_handle),
        Transform::from_xyz(3.0, 0.0, 0.0),
    ));
    // light
    commands.spawn((PointLight::default(), Transform::from_xyz(4.0, 5.0, 4.0)));
    // camera
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3d::default(),
        Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 3.0, 10.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
    ));
}

pub fn insert_attribute( &mut self, attribute: MeshVertexAttribute, values: impl Into<VertexAttributeValues>, )

Sets the data for a vertex attribute (position, normal, etc.). The name will often be one of the associated constants such as Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION.

Aabb of entities with modified mesh are not updated automatically.

Panics

Panics when the format of the values does not match the attribute’s format.

Examples found in repository

examples/2d/mesh2d_vertex_color_texture.rs (line 31)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<ColorMaterial>>,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
) {
    // Load the Bevy logo as a texture
    let texture_handle = asset_server.load("branding/banner.png");
    // Build a default quad mesh
    let mut mesh = Mesh::from(Rectangle::default());
    // Build vertex colors for the quad. One entry per vertex (the corners of the quad)
    let vertex_colors: Vec<[f32; 4]> = vec![
        LinearRgba::RED.to_f32_array(),
        LinearRgba::GREEN.to_f32_array(),
        LinearRgba::BLUE.to_f32_array(),
        LinearRgba::WHITE.to_f32_array(),
    ];
    // Insert the vertex colors as an attribute
    mesh.insert_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_COLOR, vertex_colors);

    let mesh_handle = meshes.add(mesh);

    commands.spawn(Camera2d);

    // Spawn the quad with vertex colors
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh2d(mesh_handle.clone()),
        MeshMaterial2d(materials.add(ColorMaterial::default())),
        Transform::from_translation(Vec3::new(-96., 0., 0.)).with_scale(Vec3::splat(128.)),
    ));

    // Spawning the quad with vertex colors and a texture results in tinting
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh2d(mesh_handle),
        MeshMaterial2d(materials.add(texture_handle)),
        Transform::from_translation(Vec3::new(96., 0., 0.)).with_scale(Vec3::splat(128.)),
    ));
}

examples/3d/vertex_colors.rs (line 33)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) {
    // plane
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(meshes.add(Plane3d::default().mesh().size(5.0, 5.0))),
        MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(Color::srgb(0.3, 0.5, 0.3))),
    ));
    // cube
    // Assign vertex colors based on vertex positions
    let mut colorful_cube = Mesh::from(Cuboid::default());
    if let Some(VertexAttributeValues::Float32x3(positions)) =
        colorful_cube.attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION)
    {
        let colors: Vec<[f32; 4]> = positions
            .iter()
            .map(|[r, g, b]| [(1. - *r) / 2., (1. - *g) / 2., (1. - *b) / 2., 1.])
            .collect();
        colorful_cube.insert_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_COLOR, colors);
    }
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(meshes.add(colorful_cube)),
        // This is the default color, but note that vertex colors are
        // multiplied by the base color, so you'll likely want this to be
        // white if using vertex colors.
        MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(Color::srgb(1., 1., 1.))),
        Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.5, 0.0),
    ));

    // Light
    commands.spawn((
        PointLight {
            shadows_enabled: true,
            ..default()
        },
        Transform::from_xyz(4.0, 5.0, 4.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
    ));

    // Camera
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3d::default(),
        Transform::from_xyz(-2.0, 2.5, 5.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
    ));
}

examples/3d/motion_blur.rs (line 88)

fn setup_scene(
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    mut images: ResMut<Assets<Image>>,
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) {
    commands.insert_resource(AmbientLight {
        color: Color::WHITE,
        brightness: 300.0,
        ..default()
    });
    commands.insert_resource(CameraMode::Chase);
    commands.spawn((
        DirectionalLight {
            illuminance: 3_000.0,
            shadows_enabled: true,
            ..default()
        },
        Transform::default().looking_to(Vec3::new(-1.0, -0.7, -1.0), Vec3::X),
    ));
    // Sky
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(meshes.add(Sphere::default())),
        MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(StandardMaterial {
            unlit: true,
            base_color: Color::linear_rgb(0.1, 0.6, 1.0),
            ..default()
        })),
        Transform::default().with_scale(Vec3::splat(-4000.0)),
    ));
    // Ground
    let mut plane: Mesh = Plane3d::default().into();
    let uv_size = 4000.0;
    let uvs = vec![[uv_size, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0], [0.0, uv_size], [uv_size; 2]];
    plane.insert_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0, uvs);
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(meshes.add(plane)),
        MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(StandardMaterial {
            base_color: Color::WHITE,
            perceptual_roughness: 1.0,
            base_color_texture: Some(images.add(uv_debug_texture())),
            ..default()
        })),
        Transform::from_xyz(0.0, -0.65, 0.0).with_scale(Vec3::splat(80.)),
    ));

    spawn_cars(&asset_server, &mut meshes, &mut materials, &mut commands);
    spawn_trees(&mut meshes, &mut materials, &mut commands);
    spawn_barriers(&mut meshes, &mut materials, &mut commands);
}

examples/3d/solari.rs (line 187)

fn add_raytracing_meshes_on_scene_load(
    scene_ready: On<SceneInstanceReady>,
    children: Query<&Children>,
    mesh_query: Query<(
        &Mesh3d,
        &MeshMaterial3d<StandardMaterial>,
        Option<&GltfMaterialName>,
    )>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut commands: Commands,
    args: Res<Args>,
) {
    for descendant in children.iter_descendants(scene_ready.entity) {
        if let Ok((Mesh3d(mesh_handle), MeshMaterial3d(material_handle), material_name)) =
            mesh_query.get(descendant)
        {
            // Add raytracing mesh component
            commands
                .entity(descendant)
                .insert(RaytracingMesh3d(mesh_handle.clone()));

            // Ensure meshes are Solari compatible
            let mesh = meshes.get_mut(mesh_handle).unwrap();
            if !mesh.contains_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0) {
                let vertex_count = mesh.count_vertices();
                mesh.insert_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0, vec![[0.0, 0.0]; vertex_count]);
                mesh.insert_attribute(
                    Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_TANGENT,
                    vec![[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]; vertex_count],
                );
            }
            if !mesh.contains_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_TANGENT) {
                mesh.generate_tangents().unwrap();
            }
            if mesh.contains_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_1) {
                mesh.remove_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_1);
            }

            // Prevent rasterization if using pathtracer
            if args.pathtracer == Some(true) {
                commands.entity(descendant).remove::<Mesh3d>();
            }

            // Adjust scene materials to better demo Solari features
            if material_name.map(|s| s.0.as_str()) == Some("material") {
                let material = materials.get_mut(material_handle).unwrap();
                material.emissive = LinearRgba::BLACK;
            }
            if material_name.map(|s| s.0.as_str()) == Some("Lights") {
                let material = materials.get_mut(material_handle).unwrap();
                material.emissive =
                    LinearRgba::from(Color::srgb(0.941, 0.714, 0.043)) * 1_000_000.0;
                material.alpha_mode = AlphaMode::Opaque;
                material.specular_transmission = 0.0;

                commands.insert_resource(RobotLightMaterial(material_handle.clone()));
            }
            if material_name.map(|s| s.0.as_str()) == Some("Glass_Dark_01") {
                let material = materials.get_mut(material_handle).unwrap();
                material.alpha_mode = AlphaMode::Opaque;
                material.specular_transmission = 0.0;
            }
        }
    }
}

examples/2d/mesh2d_manual.rs (line 88)

fn star(
    mut commands: Commands,
    // We will add a new Mesh for the star being created
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
) {
    // Let's define the mesh for the object we want to draw: a nice star.
    // We will specify here what kind of topology is used to define the mesh,
    // that is, how triangles are built from the vertices. We will use a
    // triangle list, meaning that each vertex of the triangle has to be
    // specified. We set `RenderAssetUsages::RENDER_WORLD`, meaning this mesh
    // will not be accessible in future frames from the `meshes` resource, in
    // order to save on memory once it has been uploaded to the GPU.
    let mut star = Mesh::new(
        PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList,
        RenderAssetUsages::RENDER_WORLD,
    );

    // Vertices need to have a position attribute. We will use the following
    // vertices (I hope you can spot the star in the schema).
    //
    //        1
    //
    //     10   2
    // 9      0      3
    //     8     4
    //        6
    //   7        5
    //
    // These vertices are specified in 3D space.
    let mut v_pos = vec![[0.0, 0.0, 0.0]];
    for i in 0..10 {
        // The angle between each vertex is 1/10 of a full rotation.
        let a = i as f32 * PI / 5.0;
        // The radius of inner vertices (even indices) is 100. For outer vertices (odd indices) it's 200.
        let r = (1 - i % 2) as f32 * 100.0 + 100.0;
        // Add the vertex position.
        v_pos.push([r * ops::sin(a), r * ops::cos(a), 0.0]);
    }
    // Set the position attribute
    star.insert_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION, v_pos);
    // And a RGB color attribute as well. A built-in `Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_COLOR` exists, but we
    // use a custom vertex attribute here for demonstration purposes.
    let mut v_color: Vec<u32> = vec![LinearRgba::BLACK.as_u32()];
    v_color.extend_from_slice(&[LinearRgba::from(YELLOW).as_u32(); 10]);
    star.insert_attribute(
        MeshVertexAttribute::new("Vertex_Color", 1, VertexFormat::Uint32),
        v_color,
    );

    // Now, we specify the indices of the vertex that are going to compose the
    // triangles in our star. Vertices in triangles have to be specified in CCW
    // winding (that will be the front face, colored). Since we are using
    // triangle list, we will specify each triangle as 3 vertices
    //   First triangle: 0, 2, 1
    //   Second triangle: 0, 3, 2
    //   Third triangle: 0, 4, 3
    //   etc
    //   Last triangle: 0, 1, 10
    let mut indices = vec![0, 1, 10];
    for i in 2..=10 {
        indices.extend_from_slice(&[0, i, i - 1]);
    }
    star.insert_indices(Indices::U32(indices));

    // We can now spawn the entities for the star and the camera
    commands.spawn((
        // We use a marker component to identify the custom colored meshes
        ColoredMesh2d,
        // The `Handle<Mesh>` needs to be wrapped in a `Mesh2d` for 2D rendering
        Mesh2d(meshes.add(star)),
    ));

    commands.spawn(Camera2d);
}

pub fn with_inserted_attribute( self, attribute: MeshVertexAttribute, values: impl Into<VertexAttributeValues>, ) -> Mesh

Consumes the mesh and returns a mesh with data set for a vertex attribute (position, normal, etc.). The name will often be one of the associated constants such as Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION.

(Alternatively, you can use Mesh::insert_attribute to mutate an existing mesh in-place)

Aabb of entities with modified mesh are not updated automatically.

Panics

Panics when the format of the values does not match the attribute’s format.

Examples found in repository

examples/3d/lines.rs (line 106)

    fn from(line: LineList) -> Self {
        let vertices: Vec<_> = line.lines.into_iter().flat_map(|(a, b)| [a, b]).collect();

        Mesh::new(
            // This tells wgpu that the positions are list of lines
            // where every pair is a start and end point
            PrimitiveTopology::LineList,
            RenderAssetUsages::RENDER_WORLD,
        )
        // Add the vertices positions as an attribute
        .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION, vertices)
    }
}

/// A list of points that will have a line drawn between each consecutive points
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
struct LineStrip {
    points: Vec<Vec3>,
}

impl From<LineStrip> for Mesh {
    fn from(line: LineStrip) -> Self {
        Mesh::new(
            // This tells wgpu that the positions are a list of points
            // where a line will be drawn between each consecutive point
            PrimitiveTopology::LineStrip,
            RenderAssetUsages::RENDER_WORLD,
        )
        // Add the point positions as an attribute
        .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION, line.points)
    }

examples/shader_advanced/custom_vertex_attribute.rs (lines 37-41)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<CustomMaterial>>,
) {
    let mesh = Mesh::from(Cuboid::default())
        // Sets the custom attribute
        .with_inserted_attribute(
            ATTRIBUTE_BLEND_COLOR,
            // The cube mesh has 24 vertices (6 faces, 4 vertices per face), so we insert one BlendColor for each
            vec![[1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; 24],
        );

    // cube
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(meshes.add(mesh)),
        MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(CustomMaterial {
            color: LinearRgba::WHITE,
        })),
        Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.5, 0.0),
    ));

    // camera
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3d::default(),
        Transform::from_xyz(-2.0, 2.5, 5.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
    ));
}

examples/shader_advanced/specialized_mesh_pipeline.rs (lines 61-68)

fn setup(mut commands: Commands, mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>) {
    // Build a custom triangle mesh with colors
    // We define a custom mesh because the examples only uses a limited
    // set of vertex attributes for simplicity
    let mesh = Mesh::new(
        PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList,
        RenderAssetUsages::default(),
    )
    .with_inserted_indices(Indices::U32(vec![0, 1, 2]))
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION,
        vec![
            vec3(-0.5, -0.5, 0.0),
            vec3(0.5, -0.5, 0.0),
            vec3(0.0, 0.25, 0.0),
        ],
    )
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_COLOR,
        vec![
            vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0),
            vec4(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0),
            vec4(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0),
        ],
    );

    // spawn 3 triangles to show that batching works
    for (x, y) in [-0.5, 0.0, 0.5].into_iter().zip([-0.25, 0.5, -0.25]) {
        // Spawn an entity with all the required components for it to be rendered with our custom pipeline
        commands.spawn((
            // We use a marker component to identify the mesh that will be rendered
            // with our specialized pipeline
            CustomRenderedEntity,
            // We need to add the mesh handle to the entity
            Mesh3d(meshes.add(mesh.clone())),
            Transform::from_xyz(x, y, 0.0),
        ));
    }

    // Spawn the camera.
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3d::default(),
        // Move the camera back a bit to see all the triangles
        Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.0, 3.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
    ));
}

examples/math/custom_primitives.rs (line 448)

    fn build(&self) -> Mesh {
        let radius = self.heart.radius;
        // The curved parts of each wing (half) of the heart have an angle of `PI * 1.25` or 225°
        let wing_angle = PI * 1.25;

        // We create buffers for the vertices, their normals and UVs, as well as the indices used to connect the vertices.
        let mut vertices = Vec::with_capacity(2 * self.resolution);
        let mut uvs = Vec::with_capacity(2 * self.resolution);
        let mut indices = Vec::with_capacity(6 * self.resolution - 9);
        // Since the heart is flat, we know all the normals are identical already.
        let normals = vec![[0f32, 0f32, 1f32]; 2 * self.resolution];

        // The point in the middle of the two curved parts of the heart
        vertices.push([0.0; 3]);
        uvs.push([0.5, 0.5]);

        // The left wing of the heart, starting from the point in the middle.
        for i in 1..self.resolution {
            let angle = (i as f32 / self.resolution as f32) * wing_angle;
            let (sin, cos) = ops::sin_cos(angle);
            vertices.push([radius * (cos - 1.0), radius * sin, 0.0]);
            uvs.push([0.5 - (cos - 1.0) / 4., 0.5 - sin / 2.]);
        }

        // The bottom tip of the heart
        vertices.push([0.0, radius * (-1. - SQRT_2), 0.0]);
        uvs.push([0.5, 1.]);

        // The right wing of the heart, starting from the bottom most point and going towards the middle point.
        for i in 0..self.resolution - 1 {
            let angle = (i as f32 / self.resolution as f32) * wing_angle - PI / 4.;
            let (sin, cos) = ops::sin_cos(angle);
            vertices.push([radius * (cos + 1.0), radius * sin, 0.0]);
            uvs.push([0.5 - (cos + 1.0) / 4., 0.5 - sin / 2.]);
        }

        // This is where we build all the triangles from the points created above.
        // Each triangle has one corner on the middle point with the other two being adjacent points on the perimeter of the heart.
        for i in 2..2 * self.resolution as u32 {
            indices.extend_from_slice(&[i - 1, i, 0]);
        }

        // Here, the actual `Mesh` is created. We set the indices, vertices, normals and UVs created above and specify the topology of the mesh.
        Mesh::new(
            bevy::mesh::PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList,
            RenderAssetUsages::default(),
        )
        .with_inserted_indices(bevy::mesh::Indices::U32(indices))
        .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION, vertices)
        .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, normals)
        .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0, uvs)
    }

tests/3d/test_invalid_skinned_mesh.rs (lines 103-115)

fn setup_meshes(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut mesh_assets: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut material_assets: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut inverse_bindposes_assets: ResMut<Assets<SkinnedMeshInverseBindposes>>,
) {
    // Create a mesh with two rectangles.
    let unskinned_mesh = Mesh::new(
        PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList,
        RenderAssetUsages::default(),
    )
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION,
        vec![
            [-0.3, -0.3, 0.0],
            [0.3, -0.3, 0.0],
            [-0.3, 0.3, 0.0],
            [0.3, 0.3, 0.0],
            [-0.4, 0.8, 0.0],
            [0.4, 0.8, 0.0],
            [-0.4, 1.8, 0.0],
            [0.4, 1.8, 0.0],
        ],
    )
    .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, vec![[0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; 8])
    .with_inserted_indices(Indices::U16(vec![0, 1, 3, 0, 3, 2, 4, 5, 7, 4, 7, 6]));

    // Copy the mesh and add skinning attributes that bind each rectangle to a joint.
    let skinned_mesh = unskinned_mesh
        .clone()
        .with_inserted_attribute(
            Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_JOINT_INDEX,
            VertexAttributeValues::Uint16x4(vec![
                [0, 0, 0, 0],
                [0, 0, 0, 0],
                [0, 0, 0, 0],
                [0, 0, 0, 0],
                [1, 0, 0, 0],
                [1, 0, 0, 0],
                [1, 0, 0, 0],
                [1, 0, 0, 0],
            ]),
        )
        .with_inserted_attribute(
            Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_JOINT_WEIGHT,
            vec![[1.00, 0.00, 0.0, 0.0]; 8],
        );

    let unskinned_mesh_handle = mesh_assets.add(unskinned_mesh);
    let skinned_mesh_handle = mesh_assets.add(skinned_mesh);

    let inverse_bindposes_handle = inverse_bindposes_assets.add(vec![
        Mat4::IDENTITY,
        Mat4::from_translation(Vec3::new(0.0, -1.3, 0.0)),
    ]);

    let mesh_material_handle = material_assets.add(StandardMaterial::default());

    let background_material_handle = material_assets.add(StandardMaterial {
        base_color: Color::srgb(0.05, 0.15, 0.05),
        reflectance: 0.2,
        ..default()
    });

    #[derive(PartialEq)]
    enum Variation {
        Normal,
        MissingMeshAttributes,
        MissingJointEntity,
        MissingSkinnedMeshComponent,
    }

    for (index, variation) in [
        Variation::Normal,
        Variation::MissingMeshAttributes,
        Variation::MissingJointEntity,
        Variation::MissingSkinnedMeshComponent,
    ]
    .into_iter()
    .enumerate()
    {
        // Skip variations that are currently broken. See https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/16929,
        // https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/18074.
        if (variation == Variation::MissingSkinnedMeshComponent)
            || (variation == Variation::MissingMeshAttributes)
        {
            continue;
        }

        let transform = Transform::from_xyz(((index as f32) - 1.5) * 4.5, 0.0, 0.0);

        let joint_0 = commands.spawn(transform).id();

        let joint_1 = commands
            .spawn((ChildOf(joint_0), AnimatedJoint, Transform::IDENTITY))
            .id();

        if variation == Variation::MissingJointEntity {
            commands.entity(joint_1).despawn();
        }

        let mesh_handle = match variation {
            Variation::MissingMeshAttributes => &unskinned_mesh_handle,
            _ => &skinned_mesh_handle,
        };

        let mut entity_commands = commands.spawn((
            Mesh3d(mesh_handle.clone()),
            MeshMaterial3d(mesh_material_handle.clone()),
            transform,
        ));

        if variation != Variation::MissingSkinnedMeshComponent {
            entity_commands.insert(SkinnedMesh {
                inverse_bindposes: inverse_bindposes_handle.clone(),
                joints: vec![joint_0, joint_1],
            });
        }

        // Add a square behind the mesh to distinguish it from the other meshes.
        commands.spawn((
            Transform::from_xyz(transform.translation.x, transform.translation.y, -0.8),
            Mesh3d(mesh_assets.add(Plane3d::default().mesh().size(4.3, 4.3).normal(Dir3::Z))),
            MeshMaterial3d(background_material_handle.clone()),
        ));
    }
}

examples/animation/custom_skinned_mesh.rs (lines 62-76)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut skinned_mesh_inverse_bindposes_assets: ResMut<Assets<SkinnedMeshInverseBindposes>>,
) {
    // Create a camera
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3d::default(),
        Transform::from_xyz(2.5, 2.5, 9.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
    ));

    // Create inverse bindpose matrices for a skeleton consists of 2 joints
    let inverse_bindposes = skinned_mesh_inverse_bindposes_assets.add(vec![
        Mat4::from_translation(Vec3::new(-0.5, -1.0, 0.0)),
        Mat4::from_translation(Vec3::new(-0.5, -1.0, 0.0)),
    ]);

    // Create a mesh
    let mesh = Mesh::new(
        PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList,
        RenderAssetUsages::RENDER_WORLD,
    )
    // Set mesh vertex positions
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION,
        vec![
            [0.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            [1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.0, 0.5, 0.0],
            [1.0, 0.5, 0.0],
            [0.0, 1.0, 0.0],
            [1.0, 1.0, 0.0],
            [0.0, 1.5, 0.0],
            [1.0, 1.5, 0.0],
            [0.0, 2.0, 0.0],
            [1.0, 2.0, 0.0],
        ],
    )
    // Add UV coordinates that map the left half of the texture since its a 1 x
    // 2 rectangle.
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0,
        vec![
            [0.0, 0.00],
            [0.5, 0.00],
            [0.0, 0.25],
            [0.5, 0.25],
            [0.0, 0.50],
            [0.5, 0.50],
            [0.0, 0.75],
            [0.5, 0.75],
            [0.0, 1.00],
            [0.5, 1.00],
        ],
    )
    // Set mesh vertex normals
    .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, vec![[0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; 10])
    // Set mesh vertex joint indices for mesh skinning.
    // Each vertex gets 4 indices used to address the `JointTransforms` array in the vertex shader
    //  as well as `SkinnedMeshJoint` array in the `SkinnedMesh` component.
    // This means that a maximum of 4 joints can affect a single vertex.
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_JOINT_INDEX,
        // Need to be explicit here as [u16; 4] could be either Uint16x4 or Unorm16x4.
        VertexAttributeValues::Uint16x4(vec![
            [0, 0, 0, 0],
            [0, 0, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
        ]),
    )
    // Set mesh vertex joint weights for mesh skinning.
    // Each vertex gets 4 joint weights corresponding to the 4 joint indices assigned to it.
    // The sum of these weights should equal to 1.
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_JOINT_WEIGHT,
        vec![
            [1.00, 0.00, 0.0, 0.0],
            [1.00, 0.00, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.75, 0.25, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.75, 0.25, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.50, 0.50, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.50, 0.50, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.25, 0.75, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.25, 0.75, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.00, 1.00, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.00, 1.00, 0.0, 0.0],
        ],
    )
    // Tell bevy to construct triangles from a list of vertex indices,
    // where each 3 vertex indices form a triangle.
    .with_inserted_indices(Indices::U16(vec![
        0, 1, 3, 0, 3, 2, 2, 3, 5, 2, 5, 4, 4, 5, 7, 4, 7, 6, 6, 7, 9, 6, 9, 8,
    ]));

    let mesh = meshes.add(mesh);

    // We're seeding the PRNG here to make this example deterministic for testing purposes.
    // This isn't strictly required in practical use unless you need your app to be deterministic.
    let mut rng = ChaCha8Rng::seed_from_u64(42);

    for i in -5..5 {
        // Create joint entities
        let joint_0 = commands
            .spawn(Transform::from_xyz(
                i as f32 * 1.5,
                0.0,
                // Move quads back a small amount to avoid Z-fighting and not
                // obscure the transform gizmos.
                -(i as f32 * 0.01).abs(),
            ))
            .id();
        let joint_1 = commands.spawn((AnimatedJoint(i), Transform::IDENTITY)).id();

        // Set joint_1 as a child of joint_0.
        commands.entity(joint_0).add_children(&[joint_1]);

        // Each joint in this vector corresponds to each inverse bindpose matrix in `SkinnedMeshInverseBindposes`.
        let joint_entities = vec![joint_0, joint_1];

        // Create skinned mesh renderer. Note that its transform doesn't affect the position of the mesh.
        commands.spawn((
            Mesh3d(mesh.clone()),
            MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(StandardMaterial {
                base_color: Color::srgb(
                    rng.random_range(0.0..1.0),
                    rng.random_range(0.0..1.0),
                    rng.random_range(0.0..1.0),
                ),
                base_color_texture: Some(asset_server.load("textures/uv_checker_bw.png")),
                ..default()
            })),
            SkinnedMesh {
                inverse_bindposes: inverse_bindposes.clone(),
                joints: joint_entities,
            },
        ));
    }
}

Additional examples can be found in:

• examples/3d/generate_custom_mesh.rs

pub fn remove_attribute( &mut self, attribute: impl Into<MeshVertexAttributeId>, ) -> Option<VertexAttributeValues>

Removes the data for a vertex attribute

Examples found in repository

examples/3d/solari.rs (line 197)

fn add_raytracing_meshes_on_scene_load(
    scene_ready: On<SceneInstanceReady>,
    children: Query<&Children>,
    mesh_query: Query<(
        &Mesh3d,
        &MeshMaterial3d<StandardMaterial>,
        Option<&GltfMaterialName>,
    )>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut commands: Commands,
    args: Res<Args>,
) {
    for descendant in children.iter_descendants(scene_ready.entity) {
        if let Ok((Mesh3d(mesh_handle), MeshMaterial3d(material_handle), material_name)) =
            mesh_query.get(descendant)
        {
            // Add raytracing mesh component
            commands
                .entity(descendant)
                .insert(RaytracingMesh3d(mesh_handle.clone()));

            // Ensure meshes are Solari compatible
            let mesh = meshes.get_mut(mesh_handle).unwrap();
            if !mesh.contains_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0) {
                let vertex_count = mesh.count_vertices();
                mesh.insert_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0, vec![[0.0, 0.0]; vertex_count]);
                mesh.insert_attribute(
                    Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_TANGENT,
                    vec![[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]; vertex_count],
                );
            }
            if !mesh.contains_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_TANGENT) {
                mesh.generate_tangents().unwrap();
            }
            if mesh.contains_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_1) {
                mesh.remove_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_1);
            }

            // Prevent rasterization if using pathtracer
            if args.pathtracer == Some(true) {
                commands.entity(descendant).remove::<Mesh3d>();
            }

            // Adjust scene materials to better demo Solari features
            if material_name.map(|s| s.0.as_str()) == Some("material") {
                let material = materials.get_mut(material_handle).unwrap();
                material.emissive = LinearRgba::BLACK;
            }
            if material_name.map(|s| s.0.as_str()) == Some("Lights") {
                let material = materials.get_mut(material_handle).unwrap();
                material.emissive =
                    LinearRgba::from(Color::srgb(0.941, 0.714, 0.043)) * 1_000_000.0;
                material.alpha_mode = AlphaMode::Opaque;
                material.specular_transmission = 0.0;

                commands.insert_resource(RobotLightMaterial(material_handle.clone()));
            }
            if material_name.map(|s| s.0.as_str()) == Some("Glass_Dark_01") {
                let material = materials.get_mut(material_handle).unwrap();
                material.alpha_mode = AlphaMode::Opaque;
                material.specular_transmission = 0.0;
            }
        }
    }
}

pub fn with_removed_attribute( self, attribute: impl Into<MeshVertexAttributeId>, ) -> Mesh

Consumes the mesh and returns a mesh without the data for a vertex attribute

(Alternatively, you can use Mesh::remove_attribute to mutate an existing mesh in-place)

pub fn contains_attribute(&self, id: impl Into<MeshVertexAttributeId>) -> bool

Examples found in repository

examples/3d/solari.rs (line 185)

fn add_raytracing_meshes_on_scene_load(
    scene_ready: On<SceneInstanceReady>,
    children: Query<&Children>,
    mesh_query: Query<(
        &Mesh3d,
        &MeshMaterial3d<StandardMaterial>,
        Option<&GltfMaterialName>,
    )>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut commands: Commands,
    args: Res<Args>,
) {
    for descendant in children.iter_descendants(scene_ready.entity) {
        if let Ok((Mesh3d(mesh_handle), MeshMaterial3d(material_handle), material_name)) =
            mesh_query.get(descendant)
        {
            // Add raytracing mesh component
            commands
                .entity(descendant)
                .insert(RaytracingMesh3d(mesh_handle.clone()));

            // Ensure meshes are Solari compatible
            let mesh = meshes.get_mut(mesh_handle).unwrap();
            if !mesh.contains_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0) {
                let vertex_count = mesh.count_vertices();
                mesh.insert_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0, vec![[0.0, 0.0]; vertex_count]);
                mesh.insert_attribute(
                    Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_TANGENT,
                    vec![[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]; vertex_count],
                );
            }
            if !mesh.contains_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_TANGENT) {
                mesh.generate_tangents().unwrap();
            }
            if mesh.contains_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_1) {
                mesh.remove_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_1);
            }

            // Prevent rasterization if using pathtracer
            if args.pathtracer == Some(true) {
                commands.entity(descendant).remove::<Mesh3d>();
            }

            // Adjust scene materials to better demo Solari features
            if material_name.map(|s| s.0.as_str()) == Some("material") {
                let material = materials.get_mut(material_handle).unwrap();
                material.emissive = LinearRgba::BLACK;
            }
            if material_name.map(|s| s.0.as_str()) == Some("Lights") {
                let material = materials.get_mut(material_handle).unwrap();
                material.emissive =
                    LinearRgba::from(Color::srgb(0.941, 0.714, 0.043)) * 1_000_000.0;
                material.alpha_mode = AlphaMode::Opaque;
                material.specular_transmission = 0.0;

                commands.insert_resource(RobotLightMaterial(material_handle.clone()));
            }
            if material_name.map(|s| s.0.as_str()) == Some("Glass_Dark_01") {
                let material = materials.get_mut(material_handle).unwrap();
                material.alpha_mode = AlphaMode::Opaque;
                material.specular_transmission = 0.0;
            }
        }
    }
}

pub fn attribute( &self, id: impl Into<MeshVertexAttributeId>, ) -> Option<&VertexAttributeValues>

Retrieves the data currently set to the vertex attribute with the specified MeshVertexAttributeId.

Examples found in repository

examples/3d/vertex_colors.rs (line 27)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) {
    // plane
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(meshes.add(Plane3d::default().mesh().size(5.0, 5.0))),
        MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(Color::srgb(0.3, 0.5, 0.3))),
    ));
    // cube
    // Assign vertex colors based on vertex positions
    let mut colorful_cube = Mesh::from(Cuboid::default());
    if let Some(VertexAttributeValues::Float32x3(positions)) =
        colorful_cube.attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION)
    {
        let colors: Vec<[f32; 4]> = positions
            .iter()
            .map(|[r, g, b]| [(1. - *r) / 2., (1. - *g) / 2., (1. - *b) / 2., 1.])
            .collect();
        colorful_cube.insert_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_COLOR, colors);
    }
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(meshes.add(colorful_cube)),
        // This is the default color, but note that vertex colors are
        // multiplied by the base color, so you'll likely want this to be
        // white if using vertex colors.
        MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(Color::srgb(1., 1., 1.))),
        Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.5, 0.0),
    ));

    // Light
    commands.spawn((
        PointLight {
            shadows_enabled: true,
            ..default()
        },
        Transform::from_xyz(4.0, 5.0, 4.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
    ));

    // Camera
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3d::default(),
        Transform::from_xyz(-2.0, 2.5, 5.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
    ));
}

examples/3d/occlusion_culling.rs (line 318)

fn spawn_small_cubes(
    commands: &mut Commands,
    meshes: &mut Assets<Mesh>,
    materials: &mut Assets<StandardMaterial>,
) {
    // Add the cube mesh.
    let small_cube = meshes.add(Cuboid::new(
        SMALL_CUBE_SIZE,
        SMALL_CUBE_SIZE,
        SMALL_CUBE_SIZE,
    ));

    // Add the cube material.
    let small_cube_material = materials.add(StandardMaterial {
        base_color: SILVER.into(),
        ..default()
    });

    // Create the entity that the small cubes will be parented to. This is the
    // entity that we rotate.
    let sphere_parent = commands
        .spawn(Transform::from_translation(Vec3::ZERO))
        .insert(Visibility::default())
        .insert(SphereParent)
        .id();

    // Now we have to figure out where to place the cubes. To do that, we create
    // a sphere mesh, but we don't add it to the scene. Instead, we inspect the
    // sphere mesh to find the positions of its vertices, and spawn a small cube
    // at each one. That way, we end up with a bunch of cubes arranged in a
    // spherical shape.

    // Create the sphere mesh, and extract the positions of its vertices.
    let sphere = Sphere::new(OUTER_RADIUS)
        .mesh()
        .ico(OUTER_SUBDIVISION_COUNT)
        .unwrap();
    let sphere_positions = sphere.attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION).unwrap();

    // At each vertex, create a small cube.
    for sphere_position in sphere_positions.as_float3().unwrap() {
        let sphere_position = Vec3::from_slice(sphere_position);
        let small_cube = commands
            .spawn(Mesh3d(small_cube.clone()))
            .insert(MeshMaterial3d(small_cube_material.clone()))
            .insert(Transform::from_translation(sphere_position))
            .id();
        commands.entity(sphere_parent).add_child(small_cube);
    }
}

pub fn attribute_mut( &mut self, id: impl Into<MeshVertexAttributeId>, ) -> Option<&mut VertexAttributeValues>

Retrieves the data currently set to the vertex attribute with the specified name mutably.

Examples found in repository

examples/3d/generate_custom_mesh.rs (line 256)

fn toggle_texture(mesh_to_change: &mut Mesh) {
    // Get a mutable reference to the values of the UV attribute, so we can iterate over it.
    let uv_attribute = mesh_to_change.attribute_mut(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0).unwrap();
    // The format of the UV coordinates should be Float32x2.
    let VertexAttributeValues::Float32x2(uv_attribute) = uv_attribute else {
        panic!("Unexpected vertex format, expected Float32x2.");
    };

    // Iterate over the UV coordinates, and change them as we want.
    for uv_coord in uv_attribute.iter_mut() {
        // If the UV coordinate points to the upper, "dirt+grass" part of the texture...
        if (uv_coord[1] + 0.5) < 1.0 {
            // ... point to the equivalent lower, "sand+water" part instead,
            uv_coord[1] += 0.5;
        } else {
            // else, point back to the upper, "dirt+grass" part.
            uv_coord[1] -= 0.5;
        }
    }
}

examples/3d/query_gltf_primitives.rs (line 39)

fn find_top_material_and_mesh(
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    time: Res<Time>,
    mat_query: Query<(
        &MeshMaterial3d<StandardMaterial>,
        &Mesh3d,
        &GltfMaterialName,
    )>,
) {
    for (mat_handle, mesh_handle, name) in mat_query.iter() {
        // locate a material by material name
        if name.0 == "Top" {
            if let Some(material) = materials.get_mut(mat_handle) {
                if let Color::Hsla(ref mut hsla) = material.base_color {
                    *hsla = hsla.rotate_hue(time.delta_secs() * 100.0);
                } else {
                    material.base_color = Color::from(Hsla::hsl(0.0, 0.9, 0.7));
                }
            }

            if let Some(mesh) = meshes.get_mut(mesh_handle)
                && let Some(VertexAttributeValues::Float32x3(positions)) =
                    mesh.attribute_mut(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION)
            {
                for position in positions {
                    *position = (
                        position[0],
                        1.5 + 0.5 * ops::sin(time.elapsed_secs() / 2.0),
                        position[2],
                    )
                        .into();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

examples/asset/alter_mesh.rs (line 192)

fn alter_mesh(
    mut is_mesh_scaled: Local<bool>,
    left_shape: Single<&Mesh3d, With<Left>>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
) {
    // Obtain a mutable reference to the Mesh asset.
    let Some(mesh) = meshes.get_mut(*left_shape) else {
        return;
    };

    // Now we can directly manipulate vertices on the mesh. Here, we're just scaling in and out
    // for demonstration purposes. This will affect all entities currently using the asset.
    //
    // To do this, we need to grab the stored attributes of each vertex. `Float32x3` just describes
    // the format in which the attributes will be read: each position consists of an array of three
    // f32 corresponding to x, y, and z.
    //
    // `ATTRIBUTE_POSITION` is a constant indicating that we want to know where the vertex is
    // located in space (as opposed to which way its normal is facing, vertex color, or other
    // details).
    if let Some(VertexAttributeValues::Float32x3(positions)) =
        mesh.attribute_mut(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION)
    {
        // Check a Local value (which only this system can make use of) to determine if we're
        // currently scaled up or not.
        let scale_factor = if *is_mesh_scaled { 0.5 } else { 2.0 };

        for position in positions.iter_mut() {
            // Apply the scale factor to each of x, y, and z.
            position[0] *= scale_factor;
            position[1] *= scale_factor;
            position[2] *= scale_factor;
        }

        // Flip the local value to reverse the behavior next time the key is pressed.
        *is_mesh_scaled = !*is_mesh_scaled;
    }
}

pub fn attributes( &self, ) -> impl Iterator<Item = (&MeshVertexAttribute, &VertexAttributeValues)>

Returns an iterator that yields references to the data of each vertex attribute.

pub fn attributes_mut( &mut self, ) -> impl Iterator<Item = (&MeshVertexAttribute, &mut VertexAttributeValues)>

Returns an iterator that yields mutable references to the data of each vertex attribute.

pub fn insert_indices(&mut self, indices: Indices)

Sets the vertex indices of the mesh. They describe how triangles are constructed out of the vertex attributes and are therefore only useful for the PrimitiveTopology variants that use triangles.

Examples found in repository

examples/2d/mesh2d_manual.rs (line 111)

fn star(
    mut commands: Commands,
    // We will add a new Mesh for the star being created
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
) {
    // Let's define the mesh for the object we want to draw: a nice star.
    // We will specify here what kind of topology is used to define the mesh,
    // that is, how triangles are built from the vertices. We will use a
    // triangle list, meaning that each vertex of the triangle has to be
    // specified. We set `RenderAssetUsages::RENDER_WORLD`, meaning this mesh
    // will not be accessible in future frames from the `meshes` resource, in
    // order to save on memory once it has been uploaded to the GPU.
    let mut star = Mesh::new(
        PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList,
        RenderAssetUsages::RENDER_WORLD,
    );

    // Vertices need to have a position attribute. We will use the following
    // vertices (I hope you can spot the star in the schema).
    //
    //        1
    //
    //     10   2
    // 9      0      3
    //     8     4
    //        6
    //   7        5
    //
    // These vertices are specified in 3D space.
    let mut v_pos = vec![[0.0, 0.0, 0.0]];
    for i in 0..10 {
        // The angle between each vertex is 1/10 of a full rotation.
        let a = i as f32 * PI / 5.0;
        // The radius of inner vertices (even indices) is 100. For outer vertices (odd indices) it's 200.
        let r = (1 - i % 2) as f32 * 100.0 + 100.0;
        // Add the vertex position.
        v_pos.push([r * ops::sin(a), r * ops::cos(a), 0.0]);
    }
    // Set the position attribute
    star.insert_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION, v_pos);
    // And a RGB color attribute as well. A built-in `Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_COLOR` exists, but we
    // use a custom vertex attribute here for demonstration purposes.
    let mut v_color: Vec<u32> = vec![LinearRgba::BLACK.as_u32()];
    v_color.extend_from_slice(&[LinearRgba::from(YELLOW).as_u32(); 10]);
    star.insert_attribute(
        MeshVertexAttribute::new("Vertex_Color", 1, VertexFormat::Uint32),
        v_color,
    );

    // Now, we specify the indices of the vertex that are going to compose the
    // triangles in our star. Vertices in triangles have to be specified in CCW
    // winding (that will be the front face, colored). Since we are using
    // triangle list, we will specify each triangle as 3 vertices
    //   First triangle: 0, 2, 1
    //   Second triangle: 0, 3, 2
    //   Third triangle: 0, 4, 3
    //   etc
    //   Last triangle: 0, 1, 10
    let mut indices = vec![0, 1, 10];
    for i in 2..=10 {
        indices.extend_from_slice(&[0, i, i - 1]);
    }
    star.insert_indices(Indices::U32(indices));

    // We can now spawn the entities for the star and the camera
    commands.spawn((
        // We use a marker component to identify the custom colored meshes
        ColoredMesh2d,
        // The `Handle<Mesh>` needs to be wrapped in a `Mesh2d` for 2D rendering
        Mesh2d(meshes.add(star)),
    ));

    commands.spawn(Camera2d);
}

pub fn with_inserted_indices(self, indices: Indices) -> Mesh

Consumes the mesh and returns a mesh with the given vertex indices. They describe how triangles are constructed out of the vertex attributes and are therefore only useful for the PrimitiveTopology variants that use triangles.

(Alternatively, you can use Mesh::insert_indices to mutate an existing mesh in-place)

Examples found in repository

examples/shader_advanced/specialized_mesh_pipeline.rs (line 60)

fn setup(mut commands: Commands, mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>) {
    // Build a custom triangle mesh with colors
    // We define a custom mesh because the examples only uses a limited
    // set of vertex attributes for simplicity
    let mesh = Mesh::new(
        PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList,
        RenderAssetUsages::default(),
    )
    .with_inserted_indices(Indices::U32(vec![0, 1, 2]))
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION,
        vec![
            vec3(-0.5, -0.5, 0.0),
            vec3(0.5, -0.5, 0.0),
            vec3(0.0, 0.25, 0.0),
        ],
    )
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_COLOR,
        vec![
            vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0),
            vec4(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0),
            vec4(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0),
        ],
    );

    // spawn 3 triangles to show that batching works
    for (x, y) in [-0.5, 0.0, 0.5].into_iter().zip([-0.25, 0.5, -0.25]) {
        // Spawn an entity with all the required components for it to be rendered with our custom pipeline
        commands.spawn((
            // We use a marker component to identify the mesh that will be rendered
            // with our specialized pipeline
            CustomRenderedEntity,
            // We need to add the mesh handle to the entity
            Mesh3d(meshes.add(mesh.clone())),
            Transform::from_xyz(x, y, 0.0),
        ));
    }

    // Spawn the camera.
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3d::default(),
        // Move the camera back a bit to see all the triangles
        Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.0, 3.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
    ));
}

examples/math/custom_primitives.rs (line 447)

    fn build(&self) -> Mesh {
        let radius = self.heart.radius;
        // The curved parts of each wing (half) of the heart have an angle of `PI * 1.25` or 225°
        let wing_angle = PI * 1.25;

        // We create buffers for the vertices, their normals and UVs, as well as the indices used to connect the vertices.
        let mut vertices = Vec::with_capacity(2 * self.resolution);
        let mut uvs = Vec::with_capacity(2 * self.resolution);
        let mut indices = Vec::with_capacity(6 * self.resolution - 9);
        // Since the heart is flat, we know all the normals are identical already.
        let normals = vec![[0f32, 0f32, 1f32]; 2 * self.resolution];

        // The point in the middle of the two curved parts of the heart
        vertices.push([0.0; 3]);
        uvs.push([0.5, 0.5]);

        // The left wing of the heart, starting from the point in the middle.
        for i in 1..self.resolution {
            let angle = (i as f32 / self.resolution as f32) * wing_angle;
            let (sin, cos) = ops::sin_cos(angle);
            vertices.push([radius * (cos - 1.0), radius * sin, 0.0]);
            uvs.push([0.5 - (cos - 1.0) / 4., 0.5 - sin / 2.]);
        }

        // The bottom tip of the heart
        vertices.push([0.0, radius * (-1. - SQRT_2), 0.0]);
        uvs.push([0.5, 1.]);

        // The right wing of the heart, starting from the bottom most point and going towards the middle point.
        for i in 0..self.resolution - 1 {
            let angle = (i as f32 / self.resolution as f32) * wing_angle - PI / 4.;
            let (sin, cos) = ops::sin_cos(angle);
            vertices.push([radius * (cos + 1.0), radius * sin, 0.0]);
            uvs.push([0.5 - (cos + 1.0) / 4., 0.5 - sin / 2.]);
        }

        // This is where we build all the triangles from the points created above.
        // Each triangle has one corner on the middle point with the other two being adjacent points on the perimeter of the heart.
        for i in 2..2 * self.resolution as u32 {
            indices.extend_from_slice(&[i - 1, i, 0]);
        }

        // Here, the actual `Mesh` is created. We set the indices, vertices, normals and UVs created above and specify the topology of the mesh.
        Mesh::new(
            bevy::mesh::PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList,
            RenderAssetUsages::default(),
        )
        .with_inserted_indices(bevy::mesh::Indices::U32(indices))
        .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION, vertices)
        .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, normals)
        .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0, uvs)
    }

tests/3d/test_invalid_skinned_mesh.rs (line 117)

fn setup_meshes(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut mesh_assets: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut material_assets: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut inverse_bindposes_assets: ResMut<Assets<SkinnedMeshInverseBindposes>>,
) {
    // Create a mesh with two rectangles.
    let unskinned_mesh = Mesh::new(
        PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList,
        RenderAssetUsages::default(),
    )
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION,
        vec![
            [-0.3, -0.3, 0.0],
            [0.3, -0.3, 0.0],
            [-0.3, 0.3, 0.0],
            [0.3, 0.3, 0.0],
            [-0.4, 0.8, 0.0],
            [0.4, 0.8, 0.0],
            [-0.4, 1.8, 0.0],
            [0.4, 1.8, 0.0],
        ],
    )
    .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, vec![[0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; 8])
    .with_inserted_indices(Indices::U16(vec![0, 1, 3, 0, 3, 2, 4, 5, 7, 4, 7, 6]));

    // Copy the mesh and add skinning attributes that bind each rectangle to a joint.
    let skinned_mesh = unskinned_mesh
        .clone()
        .with_inserted_attribute(
            Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_JOINT_INDEX,
            VertexAttributeValues::Uint16x4(vec![
                [0, 0, 0, 0],
                [0, 0, 0, 0],
                [0, 0, 0, 0],
                [0, 0, 0, 0],
                [1, 0, 0, 0],
                [1, 0, 0, 0],
                [1, 0, 0, 0],
                [1, 0, 0, 0],
            ]),
        )
        .with_inserted_attribute(
            Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_JOINT_WEIGHT,
            vec![[1.00, 0.00, 0.0, 0.0]; 8],
        );

    let unskinned_mesh_handle = mesh_assets.add(unskinned_mesh);
    let skinned_mesh_handle = mesh_assets.add(skinned_mesh);

    let inverse_bindposes_handle = inverse_bindposes_assets.add(vec![
        Mat4::IDENTITY,
        Mat4::from_translation(Vec3::new(0.0, -1.3, 0.0)),
    ]);

    let mesh_material_handle = material_assets.add(StandardMaterial::default());

    let background_material_handle = material_assets.add(StandardMaterial {
        base_color: Color::srgb(0.05, 0.15, 0.05),
        reflectance: 0.2,
        ..default()
    });

    #[derive(PartialEq)]
    enum Variation {
        Normal,
        MissingMeshAttributes,
        MissingJointEntity,
        MissingSkinnedMeshComponent,
    }

    for (index, variation) in [
        Variation::Normal,
        Variation::MissingMeshAttributes,
        Variation::MissingJointEntity,
        Variation::MissingSkinnedMeshComponent,
    ]
    .into_iter()
    .enumerate()
    {
        // Skip variations that are currently broken. See https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/16929,
        // https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/18074.
        if (variation == Variation::MissingSkinnedMeshComponent)
            || (variation == Variation::MissingMeshAttributes)
        {
            continue;
        }

        let transform = Transform::from_xyz(((index as f32) - 1.5) * 4.5, 0.0, 0.0);

        let joint_0 = commands.spawn(transform).id();

        let joint_1 = commands
            .spawn((ChildOf(joint_0), AnimatedJoint, Transform::IDENTITY))
            .id();

        if variation == Variation::MissingJointEntity {
            commands.entity(joint_1).despawn();
        }

        let mesh_handle = match variation {
            Variation::MissingMeshAttributes => &unskinned_mesh_handle,
            _ => &skinned_mesh_handle,
        };

        let mut entity_commands = commands.spawn((
            Mesh3d(mesh_handle.clone()),
            MeshMaterial3d(mesh_material_handle.clone()),
            transform,
        ));

        if variation != Variation::MissingSkinnedMeshComponent {
            entity_commands.insert(SkinnedMesh {
                inverse_bindposes: inverse_bindposes_handle.clone(),
                joints: vec![joint_0, joint_1],
            });
        }

        // Add a square behind the mesh to distinguish it from the other meshes.
        commands.spawn((
            Transform::from_xyz(transform.translation.x, transform.translation.y, -0.8),
            Mesh3d(mesh_assets.add(Plane3d::default().mesh().size(4.3, 4.3).normal(Dir3::Z))),
            MeshMaterial3d(background_material_handle.clone()),
        ));
    }
}

examples/animation/custom_skinned_mesh.rs (lines 136-138)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut skinned_mesh_inverse_bindposes_assets: ResMut<Assets<SkinnedMeshInverseBindposes>>,
) {
    // Create a camera
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3d::default(),
        Transform::from_xyz(2.5, 2.5, 9.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
    ));

    // Create inverse bindpose matrices for a skeleton consists of 2 joints
    let inverse_bindposes = skinned_mesh_inverse_bindposes_assets.add(vec![
        Mat4::from_translation(Vec3::new(-0.5, -1.0, 0.0)),
        Mat4::from_translation(Vec3::new(-0.5, -1.0, 0.0)),
    ]);

    // Create a mesh
    let mesh = Mesh::new(
        PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList,
        RenderAssetUsages::RENDER_WORLD,
    )
    // Set mesh vertex positions
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION,
        vec![
            [0.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            [1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.0, 0.5, 0.0],
            [1.0, 0.5, 0.0],
            [0.0, 1.0, 0.0],
            [1.0, 1.0, 0.0],
            [0.0, 1.5, 0.0],
            [1.0, 1.5, 0.0],
            [0.0, 2.0, 0.0],
            [1.0, 2.0, 0.0],
        ],
    )
    // Add UV coordinates that map the left half of the texture since its a 1 x
    // 2 rectangle.
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0,
        vec![
            [0.0, 0.00],
            [0.5, 0.00],
            [0.0, 0.25],
            [0.5, 0.25],
            [0.0, 0.50],
            [0.5, 0.50],
            [0.0, 0.75],
            [0.5, 0.75],
            [0.0, 1.00],
            [0.5, 1.00],
        ],
    )
    // Set mesh vertex normals
    .with_inserted_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, vec![[0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; 10])
    // Set mesh vertex joint indices for mesh skinning.
    // Each vertex gets 4 indices used to address the `JointTransforms` array in the vertex shader
    //  as well as `SkinnedMeshJoint` array in the `SkinnedMesh` component.
    // This means that a maximum of 4 joints can affect a single vertex.
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_JOINT_INDEX,
        // Need to be explicit here as [u16; 4] could be either Uint16x4 or Unorm16x4.
        VertexAttributeValues::Uint16x4(vec![
            [0, 0, 0, 0],
            [0, 0, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, 0, 0],
        ]),
    )
    // Set mesh vertex joint weights for mesh skinning.
    // Each vertex gets 4 joint weights corresponding to the 4 joint indices assigned to it.
    // The sum of these weights should equal to 1.
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_JOINT_WEIGHT,
        vec![
            [1.00, 0.00, 0.0, 0.0],
            [1.00, 0.00, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.75, 0.25, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.75, 0.25, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.50, 0.50, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.50, 0.50, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.25, 0.75, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.25, 0.75, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.00, 1.00, 0.0, 0.0],
            [0.00, 1.00, 0.0, 0.0],
        ],
    )
    // Tell bevy to construct triangles from a list of vertex indices,
    // where each 3 vertex indices form a triangle.
    .with_inserted_indices(Indices::U16(vec![
        0, 1, 3, 0, 3, 2, 2, 3, 5, 2, 5, 4, 4, 5, 7, 4, 7, 6, 6, 7, 9, 6, 9, 8,
    ]));

    let mesh = meshes.add(mesh);

    // We're seeding the PRNG here to make this example deterministic for testing purposes.
    // This isn't strictly required in practical use unless you need your app to be deterministic.
    let mut rng = ChaCha8Rng::seed_from_u64(42);

    for i in -5..5 {
        // Create joint entities
        let joint_0 = commands
            .spawn(Transform::from_xyz(
                i as f32 * 1.5,
                0.0,
                // Move quads back a small amount to avoid Z-fighting and not
                // obscure the transform gizmos.
                -(i as f32 * 0.01).abs(),
            ))
            .id();
        let joint_1 = commands.spawn((AnimatedJoint(i), Transform::IDENTITY)).id();

        // Set joint_1 as a child of joint_0.
        commands.entity(joint_0).add_children(&[joint_1]);

        // Each joint in this vector corresponds to each inverse bindpose matrix in `SkinnedMeshInverseBindposes`.
        let joint_entities = vec![joint_0, joint_1];

        // Create skinned mesh renderer. Note that its transform doesn't affect the position of the mesh.
        commands.spawn((
            Mesh3d(mesh.clone()),
            MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(StandardMaterial {
                base_color: Color::srgb(
                    rng.random_range(0.0..1.0),
                    rng.random_range(0.0..1.0),
                    rng.random_range(0.0..1.0),
                ),
                base_color_texture: Some(asset_server.load("textures/uv_checker_bw.png")),
                ..default()
            })),
            SkinnedMesh {
                inverse_bindposes: inverse_bindposes.clone(),
                joints: joint_entities,
            },
        ));
    }
}

examples/3d/generate_custom_mesh.rs (lines 243-250)

fn create_cube_mesh() -> Mesh {
    // Keep the mesh data accessible in future frames to be able to mutate it in toggle_texture.
    Mesh::new(PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList, RenderAssetUsages::MAIN_WORLD | RenderAssetUsages::RENDER_WORLD)
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION,
        // Each array is an [x, y, z] coordinate in local space.
        // The camera coordinate space is right-handed x-right, y-up, z-back. This means "forward" is -Z.
        // Meshes always rotate around their local [0, 0, 0] when a rotation is applied to their Transform.
        // By centering our mesh around the origin, rotating the mesh preserves its center of mass.
        vec![
            // top (facing towards +y)
            [-0.5, 0.5, -0.5], // vertex with index 0
            [0.5, 0.5, -0.5], // vertex with index 1
            [0.5, 0.5, 0.5], // etc. until 23
            [-0.5, 0.5, 0.5],
            // bottom   (-y)
            [-0.5, -0.5, -0.5],
            [0.5, -0.5, -0.5],
            [0.5, -0.5, 0.5],
            [-0.5, -0.5, 0.5],
            // right    (+x)
            [0.5, -0.5, -0.5],
            [0.5, -0.5, 0.5],
            [0.5, 0.5, 0.5], // This vertex is at the same position as vertex with index 2, but they'll have different UV and normal
            [0.5, 0.5, -0.5],
            // left     (-x)
            [-0.5, -0.5, -0.5],
            [-0.5, -0.5, 0.5],
            [-0.5, 0.5, 0.5],
            [-0.5, 0.5, -0.5],
            // back     (+z)
            [-0.5, -0.5, 0.5],
            [-0.5, 0.5, 0.5],
            [0.5, 0.5, 0.5],
            [0.5, -0.5, 0.5],
            // forward  (-z)
            [-0.5, -0.5, -0.5],
            [-0.5, 0.5, -0.5],
            [0.5, 0.5, -0.5],
            [0.5, -0.5, -0.5],
        ],
    )
    // Set-up UV coordinates to point to the upper (V < 0.5), "dirt+grass" part of the texture.
    // Take a look at the custom image (assets/textures/array_texture.png)
    // so the UV coords will make more sense
    // Note: (0.0, 0.0) = Top-Left in UV mapping, (1.0, 1.0) = Bottom-Right in UV mapping
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0,
        vec![
            // Assigning the UV coords for the top side.
            [0.0, 0.2], [0.0, 0.0], [1.0, 0.0], [1.0, 0.2],
            // Assigning the UV coords for the bottom side.
            [0.0, 0.45], [0.0, 0.25], [1.0, 0.25], [1.0, 0.45],
            // Assigning the UV coords for the right side.
            [1.0, 0.45], [0.0, 0.45], [0.0, 0.2], [1.0, 0.2],
            // Assigning the UV coords for the left side.
            [1.0, 0.45], [0.0, 0.45], [0.0, 0.2], [1.0, 0.2],
            // Assigning the UV coords for the back side.
            [0.0, 0.45], [0.0, 0.2], [1.0, 0.2], [1.0, 0.45],
            // Assigning the UV coords for the forward side.
            [0.0, 0.45], [0.0, 0.2], [1.0, 0.2], [1.0, 0.45],
        ],
    )
    // For meshes with flat shading, normals are orthogonal (pointing out) from the direction of
    // the surface.
    // Normals are required for correct lighting calculations.
    // Each array represents a normalized vector, which length should be equal to 1.0.
    .with_inserted_attribute(
        Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
        vec![
            // Normals for the top side (towards +y)
            [0.0, 1.0, 0.0],
            [0.0, 1.0, 0.0],
            [0.0, 1.0, 0.0],
            [0.0, 1.0, 0.0],
            // Normals for the bottom side (towards -y)
            [0.0, -1.0, 0.0],
            [0.0, -1.0, 0.0],
            [0.0, -1.0, 0.0],
            [0.0, -1.0, 0.0],
            // Normals for the right side (towards +x)
            [1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            [1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            [1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            [1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            // Normals for the left side (towards -x)
            [-1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            [-1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            [-1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            [-1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            // Normals for the back side (towards +z)
            [0.0, 0.0, 1.0],
            [0.0, 0.0, 1.0],
            [0.0, 0.0, 1.0],
            [0.0, 0.0, 1.0],
            // Normals for the forward side (towards -z)
            [0.0, 0.0, -1.0],
            [0.0, 0.0, -1.0],
            [0.0, 0.0, -1.0],
            [0.0, 0.0, -1.0],
        ],
    )
    // Create the triangles out of the 24 vertices we created.
    // To construct a square, we need 2 triangles, therefore 12 triangles in total.
    // To construct a triangle, we need the indices of its 3 defined vertices, adding them one
    // by one, in a counter-clockwise order (relative to the position of the viewer, the order
    // should appear counter-clockwise from the front of the triangle, in this case from outside the cube).
    // Read more about how to correctly build a mesh manually in the Bevy documentation of a Mesh,
    // further examples and the implementation of the built-in shapes.
    //
    // The first two defined triangles look like this (marked with the vertex indices,
    // and the axis), when looking down at the top (+y) of the cube:
    //   -Z
    //   ^
    // 0---1
    // |  /|
    // | / | -> +X
    // |/  |
    // 3---2
    //
    // The right face's (+x) triangles look like this, seen from the outside of the cube.
    //   +Y
    //   ^
    // 10--11
    // |  /|
    // | / | -> -Z
    // |/  |
    // 9---8
    //
    // The back face's (+z) triangles look like this, seen from the outside of the cube.
    //   +Y
    //   ^
    // 17--18
    // |\  |
    // | \ | -> +X
    // |  \|
    // 16--19
    .with_inserted_indices(Indices::U32(vec![
        0,3,1 , 1,3,2, // triangles making up the top (+y) facing side.
        4,5,7 , 5,6,7, // bottom (-y)
        8,11,9 , 9,11,10, // right (+x)
        12,13,15 , 13,14,15, // left (-x)
        16,19,17 , 17,19,18, // back (+z)
        20,21,23 , 21,22,23, // forward (-z)
    ]))
}

pub fn indices(&self) -> Option<&Indices>

Retrieves the vertex indices of the mesh.

pub fn indices_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut Indices>

Retrieves the vertex indices of the mesh mutably.

pub fn remove_indices(&mut self) -> Option<Indices>

Removes the vertex indices from the mesh and returns them.

pub fn with_removed_indices(self) -> Mesh

Consumes the mesh and returns a mesh without the vertex indices of the mesh.

(Alternatively, you can use Mesh::remove_indices to mutate an existing mesh in-place)

pub fn get_vertex_size(&self) -> u64

Returns the size of a vertex in bytes.

pub fn get_vertex_buffer_size(&self) -> usize

Returns the size required for the vertex buffer in bytes.

pub fn get_index_buffer_bytes(&self) -> Option<&[u8]>

Computes and returns the index data of the mesh as bytes. This is used to transform the index data into a GPU friendly format.

pub fn get_mesh_vertex_buffer_layout( &self, mesh_vertex_buffer_layouts: &mut MeshVertexBufferLayouts, ) -> MeshVertexBufferLayoutRef

Get this Mesh’s MeshVertexBufferLayout, used in SpecializedMeshPipeline.

pub fn count_vertices(&self) -> usize

Counts all vertices of the mesh.

If the attributes have different vertex counts, the smallest is returned.

Examples found in repository

examples/3d/solari.rs (line 186)

fn add_raytracing_meshes_on_scene_load(
    scene_ready: On<SceneInstanceReady>,
    children: Query<&Children>,
    mesh_query: Query<(
        &Mesh3d,
        &MeshMaterial3d<StandardMaterial>,
        Option<&GltfMaterialName>,
    )>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut commands: Commands,
    args: Res<Args>,
) {
    for descendant in children.iter_descendants(scene_ready.entity) {
        if let Ok((Mesh3d(mesh_handle), MeshMaterial3d(material_handle), material_name)) =
            mesh_query.get(descendant)
        {
            // Add raytracing mesh component
            commands
                .entity(descendant)
                .insert(RaytracingMesh3d(mesh_handle.clone()));

            // Ensure meshes are Solari compatible
            let mesh = meshes.get_mut(mesh_handle).unwrap();
            if !mesh.contains_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0) {
                let vertex_count = mesh.count_vertices();
                mesh.insert_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0, vec![[0.0, 0.0]; vertex_count]);
                mesh.insert_attribute(
                    Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_TANGENT,
                    vec![[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]; vertex_count],
                );
            }
            if !mesh.contains_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_TANGENT) {
                mesh.generate_tangents().unwrap();
            }
            if mesh.contains_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_1) {
                mesh.remove_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_1);
            }

            // Prevent rasterization if using pathtracer
            if args.pathtracer == Some(true) {
                commands.entity(descendant).remove::<Mesh3d>();
            }

            // Adjust scene materials to better demo Solari features
            if material_name.map(|s| s.0.as_str()) == Some("material") {
                let material = materials.get_mut(material_handle).unwrap();
                material.emissive = LinearRgba::BLACK;
            }
            if material_name.map(|s| s.0.as_str()) == Some("Lights") {
                let material = materials.get_mut(material_handle).unwrap();
                material.emissive =
                    LinearRgba::from(Color::srgb(0.941, 0.714, 0.043)) * 1_000_000.0;
                material.alpha_mode = AlphaMode::Opaque;
                material.specular_transmission = 0.0;

                commands.insert_resource(RobotLightMaterial(material_handle.clone()));
            }
            if material_name.map(|s| s.0.as_str()) == Some("Glass_Dark_01") {
                let material = materials.get_mut(material_handle).unwrap();
                material.alpha_mode = AlphaMode::Opaque;
                material.specular_transmission = 0.0;
            }
        }
    }
}

pub fn create_packed_vertex_buffer_data(&self) -> Vec<u8>

Computes and returns the vertex data of the mesh as bytes. Therefore the attributes are located in the order of their MeshVertexAttribute::id. This is used to transform the vertex data into a GPU friendly format.

If the vertex attributes have different lengths, they are all truncated to the length of the smallest.

This is a convenience method which allocates a Vec. Prefer pre-allocating and using Mesh::write_packed_vertex_buffer_data when possible.

pub fn write_packed_vertex_buffer_data(&self, slice: &mut [u8])

Computes and write the vertex data of the mesh into a mutable byte slice. The attributes are located in the order of their MeshVertexAttribute::id. This is used to transform the vertex data into a GPU friendly format.

If the vertex attributes have different lengths, they are all truncated to the length of the smallest.

pub fn duplicate_vertices(&mut self)

Duplicates the vertex attributes so that no vertices are shared.

This can dramatically increase the vertex count, so make sure this is what you want. Does nothing if no Indices are set.

pub fn with_duplicated_vertices(self) -> Mesh

Consumes the mesh and returns a mesh with no shared vertices.

This can dramatically increase the vertex count, so make sure this is what you want. Does nothing if no Indices are set.

(Alternatively, you can use Mesh::duplicate_vertices to mutate an existing mesh in-place)

pub fn invert_winding(&mut self) -> Result<(), MeshWindingInvertError>

Inverts the winding of the indices such that all counter-clockwise triangles are now clockwise and vice versa. For lines, their start and end indices are flipped.

Does nothing if no Indices are set. If this operation succeeded, an Ok result is returned.

pub fn with_inverted_winding(self) -> Result<Mesh, MeshWindingInvertError>

Consumes the mesh and returns a mesh with inverted winding of the indices such that all counter-clockwise triangles are now clockwise and vice versa.

Does nothing if no Indices are set.

pub fn compute_normals(&mut self)

Calculates the Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL of a mesh. If the mesh is indexed, this defaults to smooth normals. Otherwise, it defaults to flat normals.

Panics

Panics if Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION is not of type float3. Panics if the mesh has any other topology than PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList.=

pub fn compute_flat_normals(&mut self)

Calculates the Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL of a mesh.

Panics

Panics if Indices are set or Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION is not of type float3. Panics if the mesh has any other topology than PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList. Consider calling Mesh::duplicate_vertices or exporting your mesh with normal attributes.

FIXME: This should handle more cases since this is called as a part of gltf mesh loading where we can’t really blame users for loading meshes that might not conform to the limitations here!

pub fn compute_smooth_normals(&mut self)

Calculates the Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL of an indexed mesh, smoothing normals for shared vertices.

This method weights normals by the angles of the corners of connected triangles, thus eliminating triangle area and count as factors in the final normal. This does make it somewhat slower than Mesh::compute_area_weighted_normals which does not need to greedily normalize each triangle’s normal or calculate corner angles.

If you would rather have the computed normals be weighted by triangle area, see Mesh::compute_area_weighted_normals instead. If you need to weight them in some other way, see Mesh::compute_custom_smooth_normals.

Panics

Panics if Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION is not of type float3. Panics if the mesh has any other topology than PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList. Panics if the mesh does not have indices defined.

pub fn compute_area_weighted_normals(&mut self)

Calculates the Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL of an indexed mesh, smoothing normals for shared vertices.

This method weights normals by the area of each triangle containing the vertex. Thus, larger triangles will skew the normals of their vertices towards their own normal more than smaller triangles will.

This method is actually somewhat faster than Mesh::compute_smooth_normals because an intermediate result of triangle normal calculation is already scaled by the triangle’s area.

If you would rather have the computed normals be influenced only by the angles of connected edges, see Mesh::compute_smooth_normals instead. If you need to weight them in some other way, see Mesh::compute_custom_smooth_normals.

Panics

Panics if Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION is not of type float3. Panics if the mesh has any other topology than PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList. Panics if the mesh does not have indices defined.

pub fn compute_custom_smooth_normals( &mut self, per_triangle: impl FnMut([usize; 3], &[[f32; 3]], &mut [Vec3]), )

Calculates the Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL of an indexed mesh, smoothing normals for shared vertices.

This method allows you to customize how normals are weighted via the per_triangle parameter, which must be a function or closure that accepts 3 parameters:

• The indices of the three vertices of the triangle as a [usize; 3].
• A reference to the values of the Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION of the mesh (&[[f32; 3]]).
• A mutable reference to the sums of all normals so far.

See also the standard methods included in Bevy for calculating smooth normals:

• Mesh::compute_smooth_normals
• Mesh::compute_area_weighted_normals

An example that would weight each connected triangle’s normal equally, thus skewing normals towards the planes divided into the most triangles:

mesh.compute_custom_smooth_normals(|[a, b, c], positions, normals| {
    let normal = Vec3::from(bevy_mesh::triangle_normal(positions[a], positions[b], positions[c]));
    for idx in [a, b, c] {
        normals[idx] += normal;
    }
});

Panics

Panics if Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION is not of type float3. Panics if the mesh has any other topology than PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList. Panics if the mesh does not have indices defined.

pub fn with_computed_normals(self) -> Mesh

Consumes the mesh and returns a mesh with calculated Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL. If the mesh is indexed, this defaults to smooth normals. Otherwise, it defaults to flat normals.

(Alternatively, you can use Mesh::compute_normals to mutate an existing mesh in-place)

Panics

Panics if Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION is not of type float3. Panics if the mesh has any other topology than PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList.

pub fn with_computed_flat_normals(self) -> Mesh

Consumes the mesh and returns a mesh with calculated Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL.

(Alternatively, you can use Mesh::compute_flat_normals to mutate an existing mesh in-place)

Panics

Panics if Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION is not of type float3. Panics if the mesh has any other topology than PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList. Panics if the mesh has indices defined

pub fn with_computed_smooth_normals(self) -> Mesh

Consumes the mesh and returns a mesh with calculated Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL.

(Alternatively, you can use Mesh::compute_smooth_normals to mutate an existing mesh in-place)

This method weights normals by the angles of triangle corners connected to each vertex. If you would rather have the computed normals be weighted by triangle area, see Mesh::with_computed_area_weighted_normals instead.

Panics

Panics if Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION is not of type float3. Panics if the mesh has any other topology than PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList. Panics if the mesh does not have indices defined.

pub fn with_computed_area_weighted_normals(self) -> Mesh

Consumes the mesh and returns a mesh with calculated Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL.

(Alternatively, you can use Mesh::compute_area_weighted_normals to mutate an existing mesh in-place)

This method weights normals by the area of each triangle containing the vertex. Thus, larger triangles will skew the normals of their vertices towards their own normal more than smaller triangles will. If you would rather have the computed normals be influenced only by the angles of connected edges, see Mesh::with_computed_smooth_normals instead.

Panics

Panics if Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION is not of type float3. Panics if the mesh has any other topology than PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList. Panics if the mesh does not have indices defined.

pub fn generate_tangents(&mut self) -> Result<(), GenerateTangentsError>

Generate tangents for the mesh using the mikktspace algorithm.

Sets the Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_TANGENT attribute if successful. Requires a PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList topology and the Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION, Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL and Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0 attributes set.

Examples found in repository

examples/3d/clearcoat.rs (line 87)

fn create_sphere_mesh(meshes: &mut Assets<Mesh>) -> Handle<Mesh> {
    // We're going to use normal maps, so make sure we've generated tangents, or
    // else the normal maps won't show up.

    let mut sphere_mesh = Sphere::new(1.0).mesh().build();
    sphere_mesh
        .generate_tangents()
        .expect("Failed to generate tangents");
    meshes.add(sphere_mesh)
}

examples/3d/rotate_environment_map.rs (line 55)

fn create_sphere_mesh(meshes: &mut Assets<Mesh>) -> Handle<Mesh> {
    // We're going to use normal maps, so make sure we've generated tangents, or
    // else the normal maps won't show up.

    let mut sphere_mesh = Sphere::new(1.0).mesh().build();
    sphere_mesh
        .generate_tangents()
        .expect("Failed to generate tangents");
    meshes.add(sphere_mesh)
}

examples/3d/deferred_rendering.rs (line 231)

fn setup_parallax(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
) {
    // The normal map. Note that to generate it in the GIMP image editor, you should
    // open the depth map, and do Filters → Generic → Normal Map
    // You should enable the "flip X" checkbox.
    let normal_handle = asset_server.load_with_settings(
        "textures/parallax_example/cube_normal.png",
        // The normal map texture is in linear color space. Lighting won't look correct
        // if `is_srgb` is `true`, which is the default.
        |settings: &mut ImageLoaderSettings| settings.is_srgb = false,
    );

    let mut cube = Mesh::from(Cuboid::new(0.15, 0.15, 0.15));

    // NOTE: for normal maps and depth maps to work, the mesh
    // needs tangents generated.
    cube.generate_tangents().unwrap();

    let parallax_material = materials.add(StandardMaterial {
        perceptual_roughness: 0.4,
        base_color_texture: Some(asset_server.load("textures/parallax_example/cube_color.png")),
        normal_map_texture: Some(normal_handle),
        // The depth map is a grayscale texture where black is the highest level and
        // white the lowest.
        depth_map: Some(asset_server.load("textures/parallax_example/cube_depth.png")),
        parallax_depth_scale: 0.09,
        parallax_mapping_method: ParallaxMappingMethod::Relief { max_steps: 4 },
        max_parallax_layer_count: ops::exp2(5.0f32),
        ..default()
    });
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(meshes.add(cube)),
        MeshMaterial3d(parallax_material),
        Transform::from_xyz(0.4, 0.2, -0.8),
        Spin { speed: 0.3 },
    ));
}

examples/ecs/error_handling.rs (line 90)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) -> Result {
    let mut seeded_rng = ChaCha8Rng::seed_from_u64(19878367467712);

    // Make a plane for establishing space.
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(meshes.add(Plane3d::default().mesh().size(12.0, 12.0))),
        MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(Color::srgb(0.3, 0.5, 0.3))),
        Transform::from_xyz(0.0, -2.5, 0.0),
    ));

    // Spawn a light:
    commands.spawn((
        PointLight {
            shadows_enabled: true,
            ..default()
        },
        Transform::from_xyz(4.0, 8.0, 4.0),
    ));

    // Spawn a camera:
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3d::default(),
        Transform::from_xyz(-2.0, 3.0, 5.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
    ));

    // Create a new sphere mesh:
    let mut sphere_mesh = Sphere::new(1.0).mesh().ico(7)?;
    sphere_mesh.generate_tangents()?;

    // Spawn the mesh into the scene:
    let mut sphere = commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(meshes.add(sphere_mesh.clone())),
        MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(StandardMaterial::default())),
        Transform::from_xyz(-1.0, 1.0, 0.0),
    ));

    // Generate random sample points:
    let triangles = sphere_mesh.triangles()?;
    let distribution = UniformMeshSampler::try_new(triangles)?;

    // Setup sample points:
    let point_mesh = meshes.add(Sphere::new(0.01).mesh().ico(3)?);
    let point_material = materials.add(StandardMaterial {
        base_color: Srgba::RED.into(),
        emissive: LinearRgba::rgb(1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
        ..default()
    });

    // Add sample points as children of the sphere:
    for point in distribution.sample_iter(&mut seeded_rng).take(10000) {
        sphere.with_child((
            Mesh3d(point_mesh.clone()),
            MeshMaterial3d(point_material.clone()),
            Transform::from_translation(point),
        ));
    }

    // Indicate the system completed successfully:
    Ok(())
}

examples/3d/solari.rs (line 194)

fn add_raytracing_meshes_on_scene_load(
    scene_ready: On<SceneInstanceReady>,
    children: Query<&Children>,
    mesh_query: Query<(
        &Mesh3d,
        &MeshMaterial3d<StandardMaterial>,
        Option<&GltfMaterialName>,
    )>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut commands: Commands,
    args: Res<Args>,
) {
    for descendant in children.iter_descendants(scene_ready.entity) {
        if let Ok((Mesh3d(mesh_handle), MeshMaterial3d(material_handle), material_name)) =
            mesh_query.get(descendant)
        {
            // Add raytracing mesh component
            commands
                .entity(descendant)
                .insert(RaytracingMesh3d(mesh_handle.clone()));

            // Ensure meshes are Solari compatible
            let mesh = meshes.get_mut(mesh_handle).unwrap();
            if !mesh.contains_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0) {
                let vertex_count = mesh.count_vertices();
                mesh.insert_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0, vec![[0.0, 0.0]; vertex_count]);
                mesh.insert_attribute(
                    Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_TANGENT,
                    vec![[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]; vertex_count],
                );
            }
            if !mesh.contains_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_TANGENT) {
                mesh.generate_tangents().unwrap();
            }
            if mesh.contains_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_1) {
                mesh.remove_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_1);
            }

            // Prevent rasterization if using pathtracer
            if args.pathtracer == Some(true) {
                commands.entity(descendant).remove::<Mesh3d>();
            }

            // Adjust scene materials to better demo Solari features
            if material_name.map(|s| s.0.as_str()) == Some("material") {
                let material = materials.get_mut(material_handle).unwrap();
                material.emissive = LinearRgba::BLACK;
            }
            if material_name.map(|s| s.0.as_str()) == Some("Lights") {
                let material = materials.get_mut(material_handle).unwrap();
                material.emissive =
                    LinearRgba::from(Color::srgb(0.941, 0.714, 0.043)) * 1_000_000.0;
                material.alpha_mode = AlphaMode::Opaque;
                material.specular_transmission = 0.0;

                commands.insert_resource(RobotLightMaterial(material_handle.clone()));
            }
            if material_name.map(|s| s.0.as_str()) == Some("Glass_Dark_01") {
                let material = materials.get_mut(material_handle).unwrap();
                material.alpha_mode = AlphaMode::Opaque;
                material.specular_transmission = 0.0;
            }
        }
    }
}

pub fn with_generated_tangents(self) -> Result<Mesh, GenerateTangentsError>

Consumes the mesh and returns a mesh with tangents generated using the mikktspace algorithm.

The resulting mesh will have the Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_TANGENT attribute if successful.

(Alternatively, you can use Mesh::generate_tangents to mutate an existing mesh in-place)

Requires a PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList topology and the Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION, Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL and Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0 attributes set.

Examples found in repository

examples/3d/anisotropy.rs (line 118)

fn setup(mut commands: Commands, asset_server: Res<AssetServer>, app_status: Res<AppStatus>) {
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3d::default(),
        Transform::from_translation(CAMERA_INITIAL_POSITION).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
    ));

    spawn_directional_light(&mut commands);

    commands.spawn((
        SceneRoot(asset_server.load("models/AnisotropyBarnLamp/AnisotropyBarnLamp.gltf#Scene0")),
        Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.07, -0.13),
        Scene::BarnLamp,
    ));

    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(
            asset_server.add(
                Mesh::from(Sphere::new(0.1))
                    .with_generated_tangents()
                    .unwrap(),
            ),
        ),
        MeshMaterial3d(asset_server.add(StandardMaterial {
            base_color: palettes::tailwind::GRAY_300.into(),
            anisotropy_rotation: 0.5,
            anisotropy_strength: 1.,
            ..default()
        })),
        Scene::Sphere,
        Visibility::Hidden,
    ));

    spawn_text(&mut commands, &app_status);
}

examples/3d/parallax_mapping.rs (line 270)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
) {
    // The normal map. Note that to generate it in the GIMP image editor, you should
    // open the depth map, and do Filters → Generic → Normal Map
    // You should enable the "flip X" checkbox.
    let normal_handle = asset_server.load_with_settings(
        "textures/parallax_example/cube_normal.png",
        // The normal map texture is in linear color space. Lighting won't look correct
        // if `is_srgb` is `true`, which is the default.
        |settings: &mut ImageLoaderSettings| settings.is_srgb = false,
    );

    // Camera
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3d::default(),
        Transform::from_xyz(1.5, 1.5, 1.5).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        CameraController,
    ));

    // represent the light source as a sphere
    let mesh = meshes.add(Sphere::new(0.05).mesh().ico(3).unwrap());

    // light
    commands.spawn((
        PointLight {
            shadows_enabled: true,
            ..default()
        },
        Transform::from_xyz(2.0, 1.0, -1.1),
        children![(Mesh3d(mesh), MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(Color::WHITE)))],
    ));

    // Plane
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(meshes.add(Plane3d::default().mesh().size(10.0, 10.0))),
        MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(StandardMaterial {
            // standard material derived from dark green, but
            // with roughness and reflectance set.
            perceptual_roughness: 0.45,
            reflectance: 0.18,
            ..Color::srgb_u8(0, 80, 0).into()
        })),
        Transform::from_xyz(0.0, -1.0, 0.0),
    ));

    let parallax_depth_scale = TargetDepth::default().0;
    let max_parallax_layer_count = ops::exp2(TargetLayers::default().0);
    let parallax_mapping_method = CurrentMethod::default();
    let parallax_material = materials.add(StandardMaterial {
        perceptual_roughness: 0.4,
        base_color_texture: Some(asset_server.load("textures/parallax_example/cube_color.png")),
        normal_map_texture: Some(normal_handle),
        // The depth map is a grayscale texture where black is the highest level and
        // white the lowest.
        depth_map: Some(asset_server.load("textures/parallax_example/cube_depth.png")),
        parallax_depth_scale,
        parallax_mapping_method: parallax_mapping_method.0,
        max_parallax_layer_count,
        ..default()
    });
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(
            meshes.add(
                // NOTE: for normal maps and depth maps to work, the mesh
                // needs tangents generated.
                Mesh::from(Cuboid::default())
                    .with_generated_tangents()
                    .unwrap(),
            ),
        ),
        MeshMaterial3d(parallax_material.clone()),
        Spin { speed: 0.3 },
    ));

    let background_cube = meshes.add(
        Mesh::from(Cuboid::new(40.0, 40.0, 40.0))
            .with_generated_tangents()
            .unwrap(),
    );

    let background_cube_bundle = |translation| {
        (
            Mesh3d(background_cube.clone()),
            MeshMaterial3d(parallax_material.clone()),
            Transform::from_translation(translation),
            Spin { speed: -0.1 },
        )
    };
    commands.spawn(background_cube_bundle(Vec3::new(45., 0., 0.)));
    commands.spawn(background_cube_bundle(Vec3::new(-45., 0., 0.)));
    commands.spawn(background_cube_bundle(Vec3::new(0., 0., 45.)));
    commands.spawn(background_cube_bundle(Vec3::new(0., 0., -45.)));

    // example instructions
    commands.spawn((
        Text::default(),
        Node {
            position_type: PositionType::Absolute,
            top: px(12),
            left: px(12),
            ..default()
        },
        children![
            (TextSpan(format!("Parallax depth scale: {parallax_depth_scale:.5}\n"))),
            (TextSpan(format!("Layers: {max_parallax_layer_count:.0}\n"))),
            (TextSpan(format!("{parallax_mapping_method}\n"))),
            (TextSpan::new("\n\n")),
            (TextSpan::new("Controls:\n")),
            (TextSpan::new("Left click - Change view angle\n")),
            (TextSpan::new("1/2 - Decrease/Increase parallax depth scale\n",)),
            (TextSpan::new("3/4 - Decrease/Increase layer count\n")),
            (TextSpan::new("Space - Switch parallaxing algorithm\n")),
        ],
    ));
}

pub fn merge(&mut self, other: &Mesh) -> Result<(), MeshMergeError>

Merges the Mesh data of other with self. The attributes and indices of other will be appended to self.

Note that attributes of other that don’t exist on self will be ignored.

Aabb of entities with modified mesh are not updated automatically.

Errors

If any of the following conditions are not met, this function errors:

• All of the vertex attributes that have the same attribute id, must also have the same attribute type. For example two attributes with the same id, but where one is a VertexAttributeValues::Float32 and the other is a VertexAttributeValues::Float32x3, would be invalid.
• Both meshes must have the same primitive topology.

pub fn transformed_by(self, transform: Transform) -> Mesh

Transforms the vertex positions, normals, and tangents of the mesh by the given Transform.

Aabb of entities with modified mesh are not updated automatically.

pub fn transform_by(&mut self, transform: Transform)

Transforms the vertex positions, normals, and tangents of the mesh in place by the given Transform.

Aabb of entities with modified mesh are not updated automatically.

pub fn translated_by(self, translation: Vec3) -> Mesh

Translates the vertex positions of the mesh by the given Vec3.

Aabb of entities with modified mesh are not updated automatically.

pub fn translate_by(&mut self, translation: Vec3)

Translates the vertex positions of the mesh in place by the given Vec3.

Aabb of entities with modified mesh are not updated automatically.

pub fn rotated_by(self, rotation: Quat) -> Mesh

Rotates the vertex positions, normals, and tangents of the mesh by the given Quat.

Aabb of entities with modified mesh are not updated automatically.

pub fn rotate_by(&mut self, rotation: Quat)

Rotates the vertex positions, normals, and tangents of the mesh in place by the given Quat.

Aabb of entities with modified mesh are not updated automatically.

pub fn scaled_by(self, scale: Vec3) -> Mesh

Scales the vertex positions, normals, and tangents of the mesh by the given Vec3.

Aabb of entities with modified mesh are not updated automatically.

pub fn scale_by(&mut self, scale: Vec3)

Scales the vertex positions, normals, and tangents of the mesh in place by the given Vec3.

Aabb of entities with modified mesh are not updated automatically.

pub fn has_morph_targets(&self) -> bool

Whether this mesh has morph targets.

pub fn set_morph_targets(&mut self, morph_targets: Handle<Image>)

Set morph targets image for this mesh. This requires a “morph target image”. See MorphTargetImage for info.

pub fn morph_targets(&self) -> Option<&Handle<Image>>

pub fn with_morph_targets(self, morph_targets: Handle<Image>) -> Mesh

Consumes the mesh and returns a mesh with the given morph targets.

This requires a “morph target image”. See MorphTargetImage for info.

(Alternatively, you can use Mesh::set_morph_targets to mutate an existing mesh in-place)

pub fn set_morph_target_names(&mut self, names: Vec<String>)

Sets the names of each morph target. This should correspond to the order of the morph targets in set_morph_targets.

pub fn with_morph_target_names(self, names: Vec<String>) -> Mesh

Consumes the mesh and returns a mesh with morph target names. Names should correspond to the order of the morph targets in set_morph_targets.

(Alternatively, you can use Mesh::set_morph_target_names to mutate an existing mesh in-place)

pub fn morph_target_names(&self) -> Option<&[String]>

Gets a list of all morph target names, if they exist.

Examples found in repository

examples/animation/morph_targets.rs (line 89)

fn name_morphs(
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    mut events: MessageReader<AssetEvent<Mesh>>,
    meshes: Res<Assets<Mesh>>,
) {
    for event in events.read() {
        if let AssetEvent::<Mesh>::Added { id } = event
            && let Some(path) = asset_server.get_path(*id)
            && let Some(mesh) = meshes.get(*id)
            && let Some(names) = mesh.morph_target_names()
        {
            info!("Morph target names for {path:?}:");

            for name in names {
                info!("  {name}");
            }
        }
    }
}

pub fn normalize_joint_weights(&mut self)

Normalize joint weights so they sum to 1.

pub fn triangles( &self, ) -> Result<impl Iterator<Item = Triangle3d>, MeshTrianglesError>

Get a list of this Mesh’s triangles as an iterator if possible.

Returns an error if any of the following conditions are met (see MeshTrianglesError):

• The Mesh’s primitive topology is not TriangleList or TriangleStrip.
• The Mesh is missing position or index data.
• The Mesh’s position data has the wrong format (not Float32x3).

Examples found in repository

examples/ecs/error_handling.rs (line 100)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) -> Result {
    let mut seeded_rng = ChaCha8Rng::seed_from_u64(19878367467712);

    // Make a plane for establishing space.
    commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(meshes.add(Plane3d::default().mesh().size(12.0, 12.0))),
        MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(Color::srgb(0.3, 0.5, 0.3))),
        Transform::from_xyz(0.0, -2.5, 0.0),
    ));

    // Spawn a light:
    commands.spawn((
        PointLight {
            shadows_enabled: true,
            ..default()
        },
        Transform::from_xyz(4.0, 8.0, 4.0),
    ));

    // Spawn a camera:
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3d::default(),
        Transform::from_xyz(-2.0, 3.0, 5.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
    ));

    // Create a new sphere mesh:
    let mut sphere_mesh = Sphere::new(1.0).mesh().ico(7)?;
    sphere_mesh.generate_tangents()?;

    // Spawn the mesh into the scene:
    let mut sphere = commands.spawn((
        Mesh3d(meshes.add(sphere_mesh.clone())),
        MeshMaterial3d(materials.add(StandardMaterial::default())),
        Transform::from_xyz(-1.0, 1.0, 0.0),
    ));

    // Generate random sample points:
    let triangles = sphere_mesh.triangles()?;
    let distribution = UniformMeshSampler::try_new(triangles)?;

    // Setup sample points:
    let point_mesh = meshes.add(Sphere::new(0.01).mesh().ico(3)?);
    let point_material = materials.add(StandardMaterial {
        base_color: Srgba::RED.into(),
        emissive: LinearRgba::rgb(1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
        ..default()
    });

    // Add sample points as children of the sphere:
    for point in distribution.sample_iter(&mut seeded_rng).take(10000) {
        sphere.with_child((
            Mesh3d(point_mesh.clone()),
            MeshMaterial3d(point_material.clone()),
            Transform::from_translation(point),
        ));
    }

    // Indicate the system completed successfully:
    Ok(())
}

Trait Implementations

impl Clone for Mesh

fn clone(&self) -> Mesh

Returns a duplicate of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl Debug for Mesh

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl From<Annulus> for Mesh

fn from(annulus: Annulus) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Capsule2d> for Mesh

fn from(capsule: Capsule2d) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Capsule3d> for Mesh

fn from(capsule: Capsule3d) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Circle> for Mesh

fn from(circle: Circle) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<CircularSector> for Mesh

fn from(sector: CircularSector) -> Mesh

Converts this sector into a Mesh using a default CircularSectorMeshBuilder.

See the documentation of CircularSectorMeshBuilder for more details.

impl From<CircularSegment> for Mesh

fn from(segment: CircularSegment) -> Mesh

Converts this sector into a Mesh using a default CircularSegmentMeshBuilder.

See the documentation of CircularSegmentMeshBuilder for more details.

impl From<Cone> for Mesh

fn from(cone: Cone) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<ConicalFrustum> for Mesh

fn from(frustum: ConicalFrustum) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<ConvexPolygon> for Mesh

fn from(polygon: ConvexPolygon) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Cuboid> for Mesh

fn from(cuboid: Cuboid) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Cylinder> for Mesh

fn from(cylinder: Cylinder) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Ellipse> for Mesh

fn from(ellipse: Ellipse) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl<P> From<Extrusion<P>> for Mesh

where P: Primitive2d + Meshable, <P as Meshable>::Output: Extrudable,

fn from(value: Extrusion<P>) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Plane3d> for Mesh

fn from(plane: Plane3d) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Polyline2d> for Mesh

fn from(polyline: Polyline2d) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Polyline3d> for Mesh

fn from(polyline: Polyline3d) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Rectangle> for Mesh

fn from(rectangle: Rectangle) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<RegularPolygon> for Mesh

fn from(polygon: RegularPolygon) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Rhombus> for Mesh

fn from(rhombus: Rhombus) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Segment2d> for Mesh

fn from(segment: Segment2d) -> Mesh

Converts this segment into a Mesh using a default Segment2dMeshBuilder.

impl From<Segment3d> for Mesh

fn from(segment: Segment3d) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Sphere> for Mesh

fn from(sphere: Sphere) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl<T> From<T> for Mesh

where T: MeshBuilder,

fn from(builder: T) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Tetrahedron> for Mesh

fn from(tetrahedron: Tetrahedron) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Torus> for Mesh

fn from(torus: Torus) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Triangle2d> for Mesh

fn from(triangle: Triangle2d) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Triangle3d> for Mesh

fn from(triangle: Triangle3d) -> Mesh

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl FromArg for Mesh

type This<'from_arg> = Mesh

The type to convert into.

fn from_arg(arg: Arg<'_>) -> Result<<Mesh as FromArg>::This<'_>, ArgError>

Creates an item from an argument.

impl FromReflect for Mesh

fn from_reflect(reflect: &(dyn PartialReflect + 'static)) -> Option<Mesh>

Constructs a concrete instance of Self from a reflected value.

fn take_from_reflect( reflect: Box<dyn PartialReflect>, ) -> Result<Self, Box<dyn PartialReflect>>

Attempts to downcast the given value to Self using, constructing the value using from_reflect if that fails.

impl GetOwnership for Mesh

fn ownership() -> Ownership

Returns the ownership of Self.

impl GetTypeRegistration for Mesh

fn get_type_registration() -> TypeRegistration

Returns the default TypeRegistration for this type.

fn register_type_dependencies(registry: &mut TypeRegistry)

Registers other types needed by this type.

impl IntoReturn for Mesh

fn into_return<'into_return>(self) -> Return<'into_return>

where Mesh: 'into_return,

Converts Self into a Return value.

impl MeshAabb for Mesh

fn compute_aabb(&self) -> Option<Aabb>

Compute the Axis-Aligned Bounding Box of the mesh vertices in model space

impl Mul<Mesh> for Transform

type Output = Mesh

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Mesh) -> <Transform as Mul<Mesh>>::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl PartialEq for Mesh

fn eq(&self, other: &Mesh) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.

impl PartialReflect for Mesh

fn get_represented_type_info(&self) -> Option<&'static TypeInfo>

Returns the TypeInfo of the type represented by this value.

fn try_apply( &mut self, value: &(dyn PartialReflect + 'static), ) -> Result<(), ApplyError>

Tries to apply a reflected value to this value.

fn reflect_kind(&self) -> ReflectKind

Returns a zero-sized enumeration of “kinds” of type.

fn reflect_ref(&self) -> ReflectRef<'_>

Returns an immutable enumeration of “kinds” of type.

fn reflect_mut(&mut self) -> ReflectMut<'_>

Returns a mutable enumeration of “kinds” of type.

fn reflect_owned(self: Box<Mesh>) -> ReflectOwned

Returns an owned enumeration of “kinds” of type.

fn try_into_reflect( self: Box<Mesh>, ) -> Result<Box<dyn Reflect>, Box<dyn PartialReflect>>

Attempts to cast this type to a boxed, fully-reflected value.

fn try_as_reflect(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Reflect + 'static)>

Attempts to cast this type to a fully-reflected value.

fn try_as_reflect_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut (dyn Reflect + 'static)>

Attempts to cast this type to a mutable, fully-reflected value.

fn into_partial_reflect(self: Box<Mesh>) -> Box<dyn PartialReflect>

Casts this type to a boxed, reflected value.

fn as_partial_reflect(&self) -> &(dyn PartialReflect + 'static)

Casts this type to a reflected value.

fn as_partial_reflect_mut(&mut self) -> &mut (dyn PartialReflect + 'static)

Casts this type to a mutable, reflected value.

fn reflect_partial_eq( &self, value: &(dyn PartialReflect + 'static), ) -> Option<bool>

Returns a “partial equality” comparison result.

fn reflect_clone(&self) -> Result<Box<dyn Reflect>, ReflectCloneError>

Attempts to clone Self using reflection.

fn apply(&mut self, value: &(dyn PartialReflect + 'static))

Applies a reflected value to this value.

fn to_dynamic(&self) -> Box<dyn PartialReflect>

Converts this reflected value into its dynamic representation based on its kind.

fn reflect_clone_and_take<T>(&self) -> Result<T, ReflectCloneError>

where T: 'static, Self: Sized + TypePath,

For a type implementing PartialReflect, combines reflect_clone and take in a useful fashion, automatically constructing an appropriate ReflectCloneError if the downcast fails.

fn reflect_hash(&self) -> Option<u64>

Returns a hash of the value (which includes the type).

fn debug(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Debug formatter for the value.

fn is_dynamic(&self) -> bool

Indicates whether or not this type is a dynamic type.

impl Reflect for Mesh

fn into_any(self: Box<Mesh>) -> Box<dyn Any>

Returns the value as a Box<dyn Any>.

fn as_any(&self) -> &(dyn Any + 'static)

Returns the value as a &dyn Any.

fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut (dyn Any + 'static)

Returns the value as a &mut dyn Any.

fn into_reflect(self: Box<Mesh>) -> Box<dyn Reflect>

Casts this type to a boxed, fully-reflected value.

fn as_reflect(&self) -> &(dyn Reflect + 'static)

Casts this type to a fully-reflected value.

fn as_reflect_mut(&mut self) -> &mut (dyn Reflect + 'static)

Casts this type to a mutable, fully-reflected value.

fn set(&mut self, value: Box<dyn Reflect>) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Reflect>>

Performs a type-checked assignment of a reflected value to this value.

impl Struct for Mesh

fn field(&self, name: &str) -> Option<&(dyn PartialReflect + 'static)>

Returns a reference to the value of the field named name as a &dyn PartialReflect.

fn field_mut( &mut self, name: &str, ) -> Option<&mut (dyn PartialReflect + 'static)>

Returns a mutable reference to the value of the field named name as a &mut dyn PartialReflect.

fn field_at(&self, index: usize) -> Option<&(dyn PartialReflect + 'static)>

Returns a reference to the value of the field with index index as a &dyn PartialReflect.

fn field_at_mut( &mut self, index: usize, ) -> Option<&mut (dyn PartialReflect + 'static)>

Returns a mutable reference to the value of the field with index index as a &mut dyn PartialReflect.

fn name_at(&self, index: usize) -> Option<&str>

Returns the name of the field with index index.

fn field_len(&self) -> usize

Returns the number of fields in the struct.

fn iter_fields(&self) -> FieldIter<'_>

Returns an iterator over the values of the reflectable fields for this struct.

fn to_dynamic_struct(&self) -> DynamicStruct

Creates a new DynamicStruct from this struct.

fn get_represented_struct_info(&self) -> Option<&'static StructInfo>

Will return None if TypeInfo is not available.

impl TypePath for Mesh

fn type_path() -> &'static str

Returns the fully qualified path of the underlying type.

fn short_type_path() -> &'static str

Returns a short, pretty-print enabled path to the type.

fn type_ident() -> Option<&'static str>

Returns the name of the type, or None if it is anonymous.

fn crate_name() -> Option<&'static str>

Returns the name of the crate the type is in, or None if it is anonymous.

fn module_path() -> Option<&'static str>

Returns the path to the module the type is in, or None if it is anonymous.

impl Typed for Mesh

fn type_info() -> &'static TypeInfo

Returns the compile-time info for the underlying type.

impl VisitAssetDependencies for Mesh

fn visit_dependencies(&self, visit: &mut impl FnMut(UntypedAssetId))

impl Asset for Mesh

impl StructuralPartialEq for Mesh