quantrs2-device 0.1.3

Quantum device connectors for the QuantRS2 framework
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
//! IBM Dynamic Circuits Executor
//!
//! This module provides execution capabilities for dynamic circuits on IBM backends:
//! - Mid-circuit measurement with classical feedback
//! - Switch-case statements based on measurement results
//! - Classical arithmetic and logical operations
//! - Timing validation and capability checking
//!
//! ## Example
//!
//! ```rust,ignore
//! use quantrs2_device::ibm_dynamic::{IBMDynamicExecutor, DynamicCircuitBuilder};
//!
//! // Build a dynamic circuit with mid-circuit measurement
//! let mut builder = DynamicCircuitBuilder::new(2);
//! builder.h(0);
//! builder.measure(0, 0);
//! builder.if_then("c[0] == 1", |b| {
//!     b.x(1);
//!     Ok(())
//! })?;
//! builder.measure(1, 1);
//!
//! // Execute on IBM backend
//! let executor = IBMDynamicExecutor::new(client, "ibm_brisbane")?;
//! let result = executor.submit_dynamic_circuit(&builder.build()?).await?;
//! ```

use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::sync::Arc;

use crate::ibm::IBMQuantumClient;
use crate::qasm3::{Qasm3Builder, Qasm3Circuit, Qasm3Statement};
use crate::{DeviceError, DeviceResult};

/// Dynamic circuit capabilities of an IBM backend
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct DynamicCapabilities {
    /// Backend supports classical feedback
    pub supports_classical_feedback: bool,
    /// Maximum classical computation latency in microseconds
    pub max_classical_latency_us: u64,
    /// Backend supports switch-case statements
    pub supports_switch_case: bool,
    /// Maximum depth for dynamic circuits
    pub max_dynamic_depth: usize,
    /// Supported classical operations
    pub supported_operations: Vec<ClassicalOperation>,
    /// Maximum number of mid-circuit measurements
    pub max_mid_circuit_measurements: usize,
    /// Supports real-time classical computation
    pub supports_realtime_classical: bool,
}

impl Default for DynamicCapabilities {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            supports_classical_feedback: true,
            max_classical_latency_us: 1000, // 1ms
            supports_switch_case: true,
            max_dynamic_depth: 100,
            supported_operations: vec![
                ClassicalOperation::And,
                ClassicalOperation::Or,
                ClassicalOperation::Xor,
                ClassicalOperation::Not,
                ClassicalOperation::Equal,
                ClassicalOperation::NotEqual,
            ],
            max_mid_circuit_measurements: 50,
            supports_realtime_classical: false,
        }
    }
}

/// Supported classical operations
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum ClassicalOperation {
    /// Bitwise AND
    And,
    /// Bitwise OR
    Or,
    /// Bitwise XOR
    Xor,
    /// Bitwise NOT
    Not,
    /// Addition
    Add,
    /// Subtraction
    Sub,
    /// Multiplication
    Mul,
    /// Division
    Div,
    /// Modulo
    Mod,
    /// Equality comparison
    Equal,
    /// Inequality comparison
    NotEqual,
    /// Less than
    LessThan,
    /// Greater than
    GreaterThan,
    /// Less than or equal
    LessEqual,
    /// Greater than or equal
    GreaterEqual,
}

/// Configuration for dynamic circuit execution
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct DynamicExecutionConfig {
    /// Number of shots
    pub shots: usize,
    /// Enable timing validation
    pub validate_timing: bool,
    /// Maximum execution time in seconds
    pub max_execution_time: u64,
    /// Enable optimization for dynamic circuits
    pub optimize_dynamic: bool,
    /// Classical computation timeout in microseconds
    pub classical_timeout_us: u64,
}

impl Default for DynamicExecutionConfig {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            shots: 4096,
            validate_timing: true,
            max_execution_time: 300,
            optimize_dynamic: true,
            classical_timeout_us: 1000,
        }
    }
}

/// Timing validation result
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct TimingValidation {
    /// Whether timing constraints are satisfied
    pub is_valid: bool,
    /// Total circuit depth
    pub total_depth: usize,
    /// Number of mid-circuit measurements
    pub mid_circuit_measurements: usize,
    /// Estimated classical processing time in microseconds
    pub estimated_classical_time_us: u64,
    /// Warnings about timing
    pub warnings: Vec<String>,
    /// Errors that would prevent execution
    pub errors: Vec<String>,
}

/// Result from dynamic circuit execution
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct DynamicExecutionResult {
    /// Measurement counts
    pub counts: HashMap<String, usize>,
    /// Per-shot measurement results (if available)
    pub memory: Option<Vec<String>>,
    /// Execution metadata
    pub metadata: DynamicExecutionMetadata,
}

/// Metadata from dynamic circuit execution
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct DynamicExecutionMetadata {
    /// Job ID
    pub job_id: String,
    /// Backend used
    pub backend: String,
    /// Number of shots executed
    pub shots: usize,
    /// Execution time in seconds
    pub execution_time: f64,
    /// Number of mid-circuit measurements
    pub mid_circuit_measurements: usize,
    /// Number of classical operations
    pub classical_operations: usize,
}

/// IBM Dynamic Circuit Executor
#[cfg(feature = "ibm")]
pub struct IBMDynamicExecutor {
    /// IBM Quantum client
    client: Arc<IBMQuantumClient>,
    /// Backend name
    backend: String,
    /// Execution configuration
    config: DynamicExecutionConfig,
    /// Cached capabilities
    capabilities: Option<DynamicCapabilities>,
}

#[cfg(not(feature = "ibm"))]
pub struct IBMDynamicExecutor {
    /// Backend name
    backend: String,
    /// Execution configuration
    config: DynamicExecutionConfig,
}

#[cfg(feature = "ibm")]
impl IBMDynamicExecutor {
    /// Create a new dynamic circuit executor
    pub fn new(client: IBMQuantumClient, backend: &str) -> DeviceResult<Self> {
        Ok(Self {
            client: Arc::new(client),
            backend: backend.to_string(),
            config: DynamicExecutionConfig::default(),
            capabilities: None,
        })
    }

    /// Create with custom configuration
    pub fn with_config(
        client: IBMQuantumClient,
        backend: &str,
        config: DynamicExecutionConfig,
    ) -> DeviceResult<Self> {
        Ok(Self {
            client: Arc::new(client),
            backend: backend.to_string(),
            config,
            capabilities: None,
        })
    }

    /// Get dynamic circuit capabilities for the backend
    pub async fn get_capabilities(&mut self) -> DeviceResult<&DynamicCapabilities> {
        if self.capabilities.is_none() {
            // In a real implementation, this would query the backend
            // For now, return default capabilities
            self.capabilities = Some(DynamicCapabilities::default());
        }
        Ok(self
            .capabilities
            .as_ref()
            .expect("capabilities should be set"))
    }

    /// Validate timing constraints for a dynamic circuit
    pub fn validate_timing(&self, circuit: &Qasm3Circuit) -> TimingValidation {
        let mut mid_circuit_measurements = 0;
        let mut classical_operations = 0;
        let mut warnings = Vec::new();
        let mut errors = Vec::new();

        // Count dynamic operations
        for stmt in &circuit.statements {
            self.count_dynamic_ops(
                stmt,
                &mut mid_circuit_measurements,
                &mut classical_operations,
            );
        }

        // Check against capabilities
        let default_caps = DynamicCapabilities::default();
        let capabilities = self.capabilities.as_ref().unwrap_or(&default_caps);

        if mid_circuit_measurements > capabilities.max_mid_circuit_measurements {
            errors.push(format!(
                "Too many mid-circuit measurements: {} > {}",
                mid_circuit_measurements, capabilities.max_mid_circuit_measurements
            ));
        }

        let estimated_classical_time_us = (classical_operations as u64) * 100; // ~100us per operation

        if estimated_classical_time_us > capabilities.max_classical_latency_us {
            warnings.push(format!(
                "Estimated classical processing time ({} us) exceeds recommended limit ({} us)",
                estimated_classical_time_us, capabilities.max_classical_latency_us
            ));
        }

        TimingValidation {
            is_valid: errors.is_empty(),
            total_depth: circuit.statements.len(),
            mid_circuit_measurements,
            estimated_classical_time_us,
            warnings,
            errors,
        }
    }

    /// Count dynamic operations in a statement
    fn count_dynamic_ops(
        &self,
        stmt: &Qasm3Statement,
        measurements: &mut usize,
        classical_ops: &mut usize,
    ) {
        match stmt {
            Qasm3Statement::Measure { .. } => {
                *measurements += 1;
            }
            Qasm3Statement::If {
                then_body,
                else_body,
                ..
            } => {
                *classical_ops += 1;
                for s in then_body {
                    self.count_dynamic_ops(s, measurements, classical_ops);
                }
                if let Some(else_stmts) = else_body {
                    for s in else_stmts {
                        self.count_dynamic_ops(s, measurements, classical_ops);
                    }
                }
            }
            Qasm3Statement::Switch {
                cases,
                default_case,
                ..
            } => {
                *classical_ops += 1;
                for (_, body) in cases {
                    for s in body {
                        self.count_dynamic_ops(s, measurements, classical_ops);
                    }
                }
                if let Some(default_body) = default_case {
                    for s in default_body {
                        self.count_dynamic_ops(s, measurements, classical_ops);
                    }
                }
            }
            Qasm3Statement::Assignment { .. } => {
                *classical_ops += 1;
            }
            Qasm3Statement::While { body, .. } | Qasm3Statement::For { body, .. } => {
                *classical_ops += 1;
                for s in body {
                    self.count_dynamic_ops(s, measurements, classical_ops);
                }
            }
            _ => {}
        }
    }

    /// Submit a dynamic circuit for execution
    pub async fn submit_dynamic_circuit(
        &self,
        circuit: &Qasm3Circuit,
    ) -> DeviceResult<DynamicExecutionResult> {
        // Validate timing if enabled
        if self.config.validate_timing {
            let validation = self.validate_timing(circuit);
            if !validation.is_valid {
                return Err(DeviceError::InvalidInput(format!(
                    "Dynamic circuit validation failed: {:?}",
                    validation.errors
                )));
            }
        }

        // Convert circuit to QASM string
        let qasm = circuit.to_string();

        // Submit to IBM Runtime
        let config = crate::ibm::IBMCircuitConfig {
            name: "dynamic_circuit".to_string(),
            qasm,
            shots: self.config.shots,
            optimization_level: Some(1),
            initial_layout: None,
        };

        let job_id = self.client.submit_circuit(&self.backend, config).await?;
        let result = self
            .client
            .wait_for_job(&job_id, Some(self.config.max_execution_time))
            .await?;

        // Count operations for metadata
        let mut mid_circuit_measurements = 0;
        let mut classical_operations = 0;
        for stmt in &circuit.statements {
            self.count_dynamic_ops(
                stmt,
                &mut mid_circuit_measurements,
                &mut classical_operations,
            );
        }

        Ok(DynamicExecutionResult {
            counts: result.counts,
            memory: None, // Would be populated from actual result
            metadata: DynamicExecutionMetadata {
                job_id,
                backend: self.backend.clone(),
                shots: self.config.shots,
                execution_time: 0.0, // Would be from actual result
                mid_circuit_measurements,
                classical_operations,
            },
        })
    }

    /// Execute a pre-built QASM 3.0 string
    pub async fn execute_qasm(
        &self,
        qasm: &str,
        shots: usize,
    ) -> DeviceResult<DynamicExecutionResult> {
        let config = crate::ibm::IBMCircuitConfig {
            name: "dynamic_qasm".to_string(),
            qasm: qasm.to_string(),
            shots,
            optimization_level: Some(1),
            initial_layout: None,
        };

        let job_id = self.client.submit_circuit(&self.backend, config).await?;
        let result = self
            .client
            .wait_for_job(&job_id, Some(self.config.max_execution_time))
            .await?;

        Ok(DynamicExecutionResult {
            counts: result.counts,
            memory: None,
            metadata: DynamicExecutionMetadata {
                job_id,
                backend: self.backend.clone(),
                shots,
                execution_time: 0.0,
                mid_circuit_measurements: 0, // Unknown without parsing
                classical_operations: 0,
            },
        })
    }
}

#[cfg(not(feature = "ibm"))]
impl IBMDynamicExecutor {
    pub fn new(_client: IBMQuantumClient, backend: &str) -> DeviceResult<Self> {
        Ok(Self {
            backend: backend.to_string(),
            config: DynamicExecutionConfig::default(),
        })
    }

    pub async fn submit_dynamic_circuit(
        &self,
        _circuit: &Qasm3Circuit,
    ) -> DeviceResult<DynamicExecutionResult> {
        Err(DeviceError::UnsupportedDevice(
            "IBM Runtime support not enabled".to_string(),
        ))
    }

    pub fn validate_timing(&self, _circuit: &Qasm3Circuit) -> TimingValidation {
        TimingValidation {
            is_valid: false,
            total_depth: 0,
            mid_circuit_measurements: 0,
            estimated_classical_time_us: 0,
            warnings: vec![],
            errors: vec!["IBM support not enabled".to_string()],
        }
    }
}

/// Builder for dynamic circuits with mid-circuit measurement
pub struct DynamicCircuitBuilder {
    inner: Qasm3Builder,
    mid_circuit_measurements: usize,
}

impl DynamicCircuitBuilder {
    /// Create a new dynamic circuit builder
    pub fn new(num_qubits: usize) -> Self {
        Self {
            inner: Qasm3Builder::new(num_qubits),
            mid_circuit_measurements: 0,
        }
    }

    /// Create with specified number of classical bits
    pub fn with_bits(mut self, num_bits: usize) -> Self {
        self.inner = self.inner.with_bits(num_bits);
        self
    }

    /// Add a Hadamard gate
    pub fn h(&mut self, qubit: usize) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self> {
        self.inner.gate("h", &[qubit])?;
        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add a Pauli-X gate
    pub fn x(&mut self, qubit: usize) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self> {
        self.inner.gate("x", &[qubit])?;
        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add a Pauli-Y gate
    pub fn y(&mut self, qubit: usize) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self> {
        self.inner.gate("y", &[qubit])?;
        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add a Pauli-Z gate
    pub fn z(&mut self, qubit: usize) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self> {
        self.inner.gate("z", &[qubit])?;
        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add a CNOT gate
    pub fn cx(&mut self, control: usize, target: usize) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self> {
        self.inner.ctrl_gate("x", control, target, &[])?;
        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add a rotation around X axis
    pub fn rx(&mut self, qubit: usize, angle: f64) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self> {
        self.inner.gate_with_params("rx", &[angle], &[qubit])?;
        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add a rotation around Y axis
    pub fn ry(&mut self, qubit: usize, angle: f64) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self> {
        self.inner.gate_with_params("ry", &[angle], &[qubit])?;
        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add a rotation around Z axis
    pub fn rz(&mut self, qubit: usize, angle: f64) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self> {
        self.inner.gate_with_params("rz", &[angle], &[qubit])?;
        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add a measurement (mid-circuit or final)
    pub fn measure(&mut self, qubit: usize, bit: usize) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self> {
        self.inner.measure(qubit, bit)?;
        self.mid_circuit_measurements += 1;
        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add measurements for all qubits
    pub fn measure_all(&mut self) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self> {
        self.inner.measure_all()?;
        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add a reset operation
    pub fn reset(&mut self, qubit: usize) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self> {
        self.inner.reset(qubit)?;
        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add a barrier
    pub fn barrier(&mut self, qubits: &[usize]) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self> {
        self.inner.barrier(qubits)?;
        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add a conditional operation based on classical bit value
    ///
    /// # Example
    /// ```ignore
    /// builder.if_then("c[0] == 1", |b| {
    ///     b.x(1);
    ///     Ok(())
    /// })?;
    /// ```
    pub fn if_then<F>(&mut self, condition: &str, body: F) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut DynamicCircuitBuilder) -> DeviceResult<()>,
    {
        // Create a temporary builder for the body
        let mut temp_builder = DynamicCircuitBuilder {
            inner: Qasm3Builder {
                circuit: crate::qasm3::Qasm3Circuit::new(),
                num_qubits: self.inner.num_qubits,
                num_bits: self.inner.num_bits,
            },
            mid_circuit_measurements: 0,
        };
        temp_builder.inner.circuit.statements.clear();

        body(&mut temp_builder)?;

        self.inner.circuit.add_statement(Qasm3Statement::If {
            condition: condition.to_string(),
            then_body: temp_builder.inner.circuit.statements,
            else_body: None,
        });

        self.mid_circuit_measurements += temp_builder.mid_circuit_measurements;

        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add a conditional operation with else branch
    pub fn if_then_else<F, G>(
        &mut self,
        condition: &str,
        then_body: F,
        else_body: G,
    ) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut DynamicCircuitBuilder) -> DeviceResult<()>,
        G: FnOnce(&mut DynamicCircuitBuilder) -> DeviceResult<()>,
    {
        let mut then_builder = DynamicCircuitBuilder {
            inner: Qasm3Builder {
                circuit: crate::qasm3::Qasm3Circuit::new(),
                num_qubits: self.inner.num_qubits,
                num_bits: self.inner.num_bits,
            },
            mid_circuit_measurements: 0,
        };
        then_builder.inner.circuit.statements.clear();
        then_body(&mut then_builder)?;

        let mut else_builder = DynamicCircuitBuilder {
            inner: Qasm3Builder {
                circuit: crate::qasm3::Qasm3Circuit::new(),
                num_qubits: self.inner.num_qubits,
                num_bits: self.inner.num_bits,
            },
            mid_circuit_measurements: 0,
        };
        else_builder.inner.circuit.statements.clear();
        else_body(&mut else_builder)?;

        self.inner.circuit.add_statement(Qasm3Statement::If {
            condition: condition.to_string(),
            then_body: then_builder.inner.circuit.statements,
            else_body: Some(else_builder.inner.circuit.statements),
        });

        self.mid_circuit_measurements += then_builder.mid_circuit_measurements;
        self.mid_circuit_measurements += else_builder.mid_circuit_measurements;

        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add a switch-case statement
    ///
    /// # Example
    /// ```ignore
    /// builder.switch("c", |sw| {
    ///     sw.case(&[0], |b| { b.x(0)?; Ok(()) })?;
    ///     sw.case(&[1], |b| { b.y(0)?; Ok(()) })?;
    ///     sw.default(|b| { b.z(0)?; Ok(()) })?;
    ///     Ok(())
    /// })?;
    /// ```
    pub fn switch<F>(&mut self, expression: &str, case_builder: F) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut DynamicSwitchBuilder) -> DeviceResult<()>,
    {
        let mut switch_builder =
            DynamicSwitchBuilder::new(self.inner.num_qubits, self.inner.num_bits);
        case_builder(&mut switch_builder)?;

        self.inner.circuit.add_statement(Qasm3Statement::Switch {
            expression: expression.to_string(),
            cases: switch_builder.cases,
            default_case: switch_builder.default_case,
        });

        self.mid_circuit_measurements += switch_builder.mid_circuit_measurements;

        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add a classical assignment
    pub fn assign(&mut self, target: &str, value: &str) -> &mut Self {
        self.inner.assign(target, value);
        self
    }

    /// Add a comment
    pub fn comment(&mut self, text: &str) -> &mut Self {
        self.inner.comment(text);
        self
    }

    /// Get number of mid-circuit measurements
    pub fn num_mid_circuit_measurements(&self) -> usize {
        self.mid_circuit_measurements
    }

    /// Build the dynamic circuit
    pub fn build(self) -> DeviceResult<Qasm3Circuit> {
        self.inner.build()
    }
}

/// Builder for switch-case statements in dynamic circuits
pub struct DynamicSwitchBuilder {
    num_qubits: usize,
    num_bits: usize,
    cases: Vec<(Vec<i64>, Vec<Qasm3Statement>)>,
    default_case: Option<Vec<Qasm3Statement>>,
    mid_circuit_measurements: usize,
}

impl DynamicSwitchBuilder {
    fn new(num_qubits: usize, num_bits: usize) -> Self {
        Self {
            num_qubits,
            num_bits,
            cases: Vec::new(),
            default_case: None,
            mid_circuit_measurements: 0,
        }
    }

    /// Add a case to the switch statement
    pub fn case<F>(&mut self, values: &[i64], body: F) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut DynamicCircuitBuilder) -> DeviceResult<()>,
    {
        let mut case_builder = DynamicCircuitBuilder {
            inner: Qasm3Builder {
                circuit: crate::qasm3::Qasm3Circuit::new(),
                num_qubits: self.num_qubits,
                num_bits: self.num_bits,
            },
            mid_circuit_measurements: 0,
        };
        case_builder.inner.circuit.statements.clear();

        body(&mut case_builder)?;

        self.cases
            .push((values.to_vec(), case_builder.inner.circuit.statements));
        self.mid_circuit_measurements += case_builder.mid_circuit_measurements;

        Ok(self)
    }

    /// Add a default case
    pub fn default<F>(&mut self, body: F) -> DeviceResult<&mut Self>
    where
        F: FnOnce(&mut DynamicCircuitBuilder) -> DeviceResult<()>,
    {
        let mut default_builder = DynamicCircuitBuilder {
            inner: Qasm3Builder {
                circuit: crate::qasm3::Qasm3Circuit::new(),
                num_qubits: self.num_qubits,
                num_bits: self.num_bits,
            },
            mid_circuit_measurements: 0,
        };
        default_builder.inner.circuit.statements.clear();

        body(&mut default_builder)?;

        self.default_case = Some(default_builder.inner.circuit.statements);
        self.mid_circuit_measurements += default_builder.mid_circuit_measurements;

        Ok(self)
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_dynamic_capabilities_default() {
        let caps = DynamicCapabilities::default();
        assert!(caps.supports_classical_feedback);
        assert!(caps.supports_switch_case);
        assert_eq!(caps.max_mid_circuit_measurements, 50);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_dynamic_execution_config_default() {
        let config = DynamicExecutionConfig::default();
        assert_eq!(config.shots, 4096);
        assert!(config.validate_timing);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_dynamic_circuit_builder() {
        let mut builder = DynamicCircuitBuilder::new(2);
        builder.h(0).unwrap();
        builder.cx(0, 1).unwrap();
        builder.measure(0, 0).unwrap();
        builder.measure(1, 1).unwrap();

        let circuit = builder.build().unwrap();
        let qasm = circuit.to_string();

        assert!(qasm.contains("h q[0]"));
        assert!(qasm.contains("ctrl @"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_dynamic_circuit_with_if() {
        let mut builder = DynamicCircuitBuilder::new(2);
        builder.h(0).unwrap();
        builder.measure(0, 0).unwrap();
        builder
            .if_then("c[0] == 1", |b| {
                b.x(1)?;
                Ok(())
            })
            .unwrap();

        let circuit = builder.build().unwrap();
        let qasm = circuit.to_string();

        assert!(qasm.contains("if (c[0] == 1)"));
        assert!(qasm.contains("x q[1]"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_dynamic_circuit_with_switch() {
        let mut builder = DynamicCircuitBuilder::new(2);
        builder.h(0).unwrap();
        builder.measure(0, 0).unwrap();
        builder
            .switch("c[0]", |sw| {
                sw.case(&[0], |b| {
                    b.x(1)?;
                    Ok(())
                })?;
                sw.case(&[1], |b| {
                    b.y(1)?;
                    Ok(())
                })?;
                Ok(())
            })
            .unwrap();

        let circuit = builder.build().unwrap();
        let qasm = circuit.to_string();

        assert!(qasm.contains("switch (c[0])"));
        assert!(qasm.contains("case 0"));
        assert!(qasm.contains("case 1"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_classical_operations() {
        assert_eq!(ClassicalOperation::And, ClassicalOperation::And);
        assert_ne!(ClassicalOperation::And, ClassicalOperation::Or);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_timing_validation_structure() {
        let validation = TimingValidation {
            is_valid: true,
            total_depth: 10,
            mid_circuit_measurements: 2,
            estimated_classical_time_us: 200,
            warnings: vec![],
            errors: vec![],
        };

        assert!(validation.is_valid);
        assert_eq!(validation.mid_circuit_measurements, 2);
    }
}