innodb-utils 5.1.0

InnoDB file analysis toolkit
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
use std::io::Write;

use byteorder::{BigEndian, ByteOrder};
use colored::Colorize;
use rayon::prelude::*;
use serde::Serialize;

use crate::cli::{create_progress_bar, wprintln};
use crate::innodb::checksum::{validate_checksum, validate_lsn, ChecksumAlgorithm};
use crate::innodb::constants::*;
use crate::innodb::corruption::{classify_corruption, CorruptionPattern};
use crate::innodb::page::FilHeader;
use crate::innodb::page_types::PageType;
use crate::innodb::record::walk_compact_records;
use crate::innodb::tablespace::Tablespace;
use crate::innodb::write;
use crate::IdbError;

/// Options for the `inno recover` subcommand.
pub struct RecoverOptions {
    /// Path to the InnoDB tablespace file (.ibd).
    pub file: String,
    /// Analyze a single page instead of full scan.
    pub page: Option<u64>,
    /// Show per-page details.
    pub verbose: bool,
    /// Emit output as JSON.
    pub json: bool,
    /// Extract records from corrupt pages with valid headers.
    pub force: bool,
    /// Override the auto-detected page size.
    pub page_size: Option<u32>,
    /// Path to MySQL keyring file for decrypting encrypted tablespaces.
    pub keyring: Option<String>,
    /// Number of threads for parallel processing (0 = auto-detect).
    pub threads: usize,
    /// Use memory-mapped I/O for file access.
    pub mmap: bool,
    /// Stream results incrementally for lower memory usage.
    pub streaming: bool,
    /// Path to write a new tablespace from recoverable pages.
    pub rebuild: Option<String>,
}

/// Page integrity status.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
enum PageStatus {
    Intact,
    Corrupt,
    Empty,
    Unreadable,
}

impl PageStatus {
    fn label(self) -> &'static str {
        match self {
            PageStatus::Intact => "intact",
            PageStatus::Corrupt => "CORRUPT",
            PageStatus::Empty => "empty",
            PageStatus::Unreadable => "UNREADABLE",
        }
    }
}

/// Top-level JSON output for the recovery report.
#[derive(Serialize)]
struct RecoverReport {
    file: String,
    file_size: u64,
    page_size: u32,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    page_size_source: Option<String>,
    total_pages: u64,
    summary: RecoverSummary,
    recoverable_records: u64,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    force_recoverable_records: Option<u64>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
    pages: Vec<PageRecoveryInfo>,
}

/// Status counts by category.
#[derive(Serialize)]
struct RecoverSummary {
    intact: u64,
    corrupt: u64,
    empty: u64,
    unreadable: u64,
}

/// Per-page recovery info for JSON output.
#[derive(Serialize)]
struct PageRecoveryInfo {
    page_number: u64,
    status: PageStatus,
    page_type: String,
    checksum_valid: bool,
    lsn_valid: bool,
    lsn: u64,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    corruption_pattern: Option<String>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    record_count: Option<usize>,
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
    records: Vec<RecoveredRecord>,
}

/// A single recovered record for verbose JSON output.
#[derive(Serialize)]
struct RecoveredRecord {
    offset: usize,
    heap_no: u16,
    delete_mark: bool,
    data_hex: String,
}

/// Computed statistics from page analysis, used by output functions.
struct RecoverStats {
    file_size: u64,
    page_size: u32,
    page_size_source: Option<String>,
    scan_count: u64,
    intact: u64,
    corrupt: u64,
    empty: u64,
    unreadable: u64,
    total_records: u64,
    corrupt_records: u64,
    corrupt_page_numbers: Vec<u64>,
    index_pages_total: u64,
    index_pages_recoverable: u64,
    corruption_patterns: Vec<(String, u64)>,
}

/// Internal per-page analysis result.
struct PageAnalysis {
    page_number: u64,
    status: PageStatus,
    page_type: PageType,
    checksum_valid: bool,
    lsn_valid: bool,
    lsn: u64,
    corruption_pattern: Option<CorruptionPattern>,
    record_count: Option<usize>,
    records: Vec<RecoveredRecord>,
}

/// Try to open the tablespace, with smart page size fallback when page 0 is damaged.
fn open_tablespace(
    file: &str,
    page_size_override: Option<u32>,
    use_mmap: bool,
    writer: &mut dyn Write,
) -> Result<(Tablespace, Option<String>), IdbError> {
    if let Some(ps) = page_size_override {
        let ts = crate::cli::open_tablespace(file, Some(ps), use_mmap)?;
        return Ok((ts, Some("user-specified".to_string())));
    }

    match crate::cli::open_tablespace(file, None, use_mmap) {
        Ok(ts) => Ok((ts, None)),
        Err(_) => {
            // Page 0 may be corrupt — try common page sizes
            let candidates = [
                SIZE_PAGE_16K,
                SIZE_PAGE_8K,
                SIZE_PAGE_4K,
                SIZE_PAGE_32K,
                SIZE_PAGE_64K,
            ];

            let file_size = std::fs::metadata(file)
                .map_err(|e| IdbError::Io(format!("Cannot stat {}: {}", file, e)))?
                .len();

            for &ps in &candidates {
                if file_size >= ps as u64 && file_size % ps as u64 == 0 {
                    if let Ok(ts) = crate::cli::open_tablespace(file, Some(ps), use_mmap) {
                        let _ = wprintln!(
                            writer,
                            "Warning: auto-detect failed, using page size {} (file size divisible)",
                            ps
                        );
                        return Ok((ts, Some(format!("fallback ({})", ps))));
                    }
                }
            }

            // Last resort: default 16K
            let ts = crate::cli::open_tablespace(file, Some(SIZE_PAGE_DEFAULT), use_mmap)?;
            let _ = wprintln!(
                writer,
                "Warning: using default page size {} (no size divides evenly)",
                SIZE_PAGE_DEFAULT
            );
            Ok((ts, Some("default-fallback".to_string())))
        }
    }
}

/// Analyze a single page and return its status and recovery info.
fn analyze_page(
    page_data: &[u8],
    page_num: u64,
    page_size: u32,
    force: bool,
    verbose_json: bool,
    vendor_info: Option<&crate::innodb::vendor::VendorInfo>,
) -> PageAnalysis {
    // Check all-zeros (empty/allocated page)
    if page_data.iter().all(|&b| b == 0) {
        return PageAnalysis {
            page_number: page_num,
            status: PageStatus::Empty,
            page_type: PageType::Allocated,
            checksum_valid: true,
            lsn_valid: true,
            lsn: 0,
            corruption_pattern: None,
            record_count: None,
            records: Vec::new(),
        };
    }

    // Parse FIL header
    let header = match FilHeader::parse(page_data) {
        Some(h) => h,
        None => {
            return PageAnalysis {
                page_number: page_num,
                status: PageStatus::Unreadable,
                page_type: PageType::Unknown(0),
                checksum_valid: false,
                lsn_valid: false,
                lsn: 0,
                corruption_pattern: None,
                record_count: None,
                records: Vec::new(),
            };
        }
    };

    let csum_result = validate_checksum(page_data, page_size, vendor_info);
    let lsn_valid = validate_lsn(page_data, page_size);
    let status = if csum_result.valid && lsn_valid {
        PageStatus::Intact
    } else {
        PageStatus::Corrupt
    };

    // Classify corruption pattern on corrupt pages
    let corruption_pattern = if status == PageStatus::Corrupt {
        Some(classify_corruption(page_data, page_size))
    } else {
        None
    };

    // Count records on INDEX pages
    let (record_count, records) =
        if header.page_type == PageType::Index && (status == PageStatus::Intact || force) {
            let recs = walk_compact_records(page_data);
            let count = recs.len();
            let recovered = if verbose_json {
                extract_records(page_data, &recs, page_size)
            } else {
                Vec::new()
            };
            (Some(count), recovered)
        } else {
            (None, Vec::new())
        };

    PageAnalysis {
        page_number: page_num,
        status,
        page_type: header.page_type,
        checksum_valid: csum_result.valid,
        lsn_valid,
        lsn: header.lsn,
        corruption_pattern,
        record_count,
        records,
    }
}

/// Encode bytes as a lowercase hex string.
fn to_hex(data: &[u8]) -> String {
    let mut s = String::with_capacity(data.len() * 2);
    for &b in data {
        use std::fmt::Write;
        let _ = write!(s, "{:02x}", b);
    }
    s
}

/// Extract raw record bytes as hex from an INDEX page.
fn extract_records(
    page_data: &[u8],
    recs: &[crate::innodb::record::RecordInfo],
    page_size: u32,
) -> Vec<RecoveredRecord> {
    let ps = page_size as usize;
    let data_end = ps - SIZE_FIL_TRAILER;

    recs.iter()
        .enumerate()
        .map(|(i, rec)| {
            let start = rec.offset;
            let end = if i + 1 < recs.len() {
                // Next record's origin minus its extra header
                recs[i + 1].offset.saturating_sub(REC_N_NEW_EXTRA_BYTES)
            } else {
                // Use heap top or end of data area
                data_end
            };

            let end = end.min(data_end);
            let data = if start < end && end <= page_data.len() {
                &page_data[start..end]
            } else {
                &[]
            };

            RecoveredRecord {
                offset: rec.offset,
                heap_no: rec.header.heap_no(),
                delete_mark: rec.header.delete_mark(),
                data_hex: to_hex(data),
            }
        })
        .collect()
}

/// Run the recovery analysis and output results.
pub fn execute(opts: &RecoverOptions, writer: &mut dyn Write) -> Result<(), IdbError> {
    let (mut ts, page_size_source) =
        open_tablespace(&opts.file, opts.page_size, opts.mmap, writer)?;

    if let Some(ref keyring_path) = opts.keyring {
        crate::cli::setup_decryption(&mut ts, keyring_path)?;
    }

    let page_size = ts.page_size();
    let page_count = ts.page_count();
    let file_size = ts.file_size();

    let verbose_json = opts.verbose && opts.json;

    // Determine which pages to analyze
    let (start_page, end_page) = match opts.page {
        Some(p) => {
            if p >= page_count {
                return Err(IdbError::Parse(format!(
                    "Page {} out of range (tablespace has {} pages)",
                    p, page_count
                )));
            }
            (p, p + 1)
        }
        None => (0, page_count),
    };
    let scan_count = end_page - start_page;

    // Streaming mode: process one page at a time, output immediately
    if opts.streaming && opts.page.is_none() {
        return execute_streaming(
            opts,
            &mut ts,
            page_size,
            file_size,
            page_size_source,
            scan_count,
            verbose_json,
            writer,
        );
    }

    // Read all pages into memory for parallel processing
    let all_data = ts.read_all_pages()?;
    let ps = page_size as usize;
    let vendor_info = ts.vendor_info().clone();

    let pb = if !opts.json && scan_count > 1 {
        Some(create_progress_bar(scan_count, "pages"))
    } else {
        None
    };

    // Analyze pages in parallel
    let force = opts.force;
    let analyses: Vec<PageAnalysis> = (start_page..end_page)
        .into_par_iter()
        .map(|page_num| {
            let offset = page_num as usize * ps;
            if offset + ps > all_data.len() {
                return PageAnalysis {
                    page_number: page_num,
                    status: PageStatus::Unreadable,
                    page_type: PageType::Unknown(0),
                    checksum_valid: false,
                    lsn_valid: false,
                    lsn: 0,
                    corruption_pattern: None,
                    record_count: None,
                    records: Vec::new(),
                };
            }
            let page_data = &all_data[offset..offset + ps];
            analyze_page(
                page_data,
                page_num,
                page_size,
                force,
                verbose_json,
                Some(&vendor_info),
            )
        })
        .collect();

    if let Some(pb) = pb {
        pb.set_position(scan_count);
        pb.finish_and_clear();
    }

    // Compute summary
    let mut intact = 0u64;
    let mut corrupt = 0u64;
    let mut empty = 0u64;
    let mut unreadable = 0u64;
    let mut total_records = 0u64;
    let mut corrupt_records = 0u64;
    let mut corrupt_page_numbers = Vec::new();
    let mut index_pages_total = 0u64;
    let mut index_pages_recoverable = 0u64;
    let mut pattern_counts: std::collections::HashMap<String, u64> =
        std::collections::HashMap::new();

    for a in &analyses {
        match a.status {
            PageStatus::Intact => intact += 1,
            PageStatus::Corrupt => {
                corrupt += 1;
                corrupt_page_numbers.push(a.page_number);
                if let Some(pattern) = a.corruption_pattern {
                    *pattern_counts
                        .entry(pattern.name().to_string())
                        .or_insert(0) += 1;
                }
            }
            PageStatus::Empty => empty += 1,
            PageStatus::Unreadable => unreadable += 1,
        }

        if a.page_type == PageType::Index {
            index_pages_total += 1;
            if a.status == PageStatus::Intact {
                index_pages_recoverable += 1;
            }
            if let Some(count) = a.record_count {
                if a.status == PageStatus::Intact {
                    total_records += count as u64;
                } else {
                    corrupt_records += count as u64;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // If --force, corrupt INDEX pages with records are also recoverable
    if opts.force {
        for a in &analyses {
            if a.page_type == PageType::Index
                && a.status == PageStatus::Corrupt
                && a.record_count.is_some()
            {
                index_pages_recoverable += 1;
            }
        }
    }

    let mut corruption_patterns: Vec<(String, u64)> = pattern_counts.into_iter().collect();
    corruption_patterns.sort_by(|a, b| b.1.cmp(&a.1));

    let stats = RecoverStats {
        file_size,
        page_size,
        page_size_source,
        scan_count,
        intact,
        corrupt,
        empty,
        unreadable,
        total_records,
        corrupt_records,
        corrupt_page_numbers,
        index_pages_total,
        index_pages_recoverable,
        corruption_patterns,
    };

    // Execute rebuild if requested
    if let Some(ref rebuild_path) = opts.rebuild {
        execute_rebuild(
            rebuild_path,
            &all_data,
            &analyses,
            page_size,
            opts.force,
            &vendor_info,
            writer,
            opts.json,
        )?;
    }

    if opts.json {
        output_json(opts, &analyses, &stats, writer)
    } else {
        output_text(opts, &analyses, &stats, writer)
    }
}

/// Streaming mode: process pages one at a time via `for_each_page()`, writing
/// per-page results immediately and accumulating running counters for the summary.
/// JSON output uses NDJSON (one JSON object per line per page, plus a final summary line).
#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
fn execute_streaming(
    opts: &RecoverOptions,
    ts: &mut Tablespace,
    page_size: u32,
    file_size: u64,
    page_size_source: Option<String>,
    scan_count: u64,
    verbose_json: bool,
    writer: &mut dyn Write,
) -> Result<(), IdbError> {
    let force = opts.force;
    let vendor_info = ts.vendor_info().clone();

    // Running counters
    let mut intact = 0u64;
    let mut corrupt = 0u64;
    let mut empty = 0u64;
    let mut unreadable = 0u64;
    let mut total_records = 0u64;
    let mut corrupt_records = 0u64;
    let mut corrupt_page_numbers: Vec<u64> = Vec::new();
    let mut index_pages_total = 0u64;
    let mut index_pages_recoverable = 0u64;
    let mut pattern_counts: std::collections::HashMap<String, u64> =
        std::collections::HashMap::new();

    if !opts.json {
        wprintln!(writer, "Recovery Analysis: {}", opts.file)?;
        wprintln!(
            writer,
            "File size: {} bytes ({} pages x {} bytes)",
            file_size,
            scan_count,
            page_size
        )?;
        let source_note = match &page_size_source {
            Some(s) => format!(" ({})", s),
            None => " (auto-detected)".to_string(),
        };
        wprintln!(writer, "Page size: {}{}", page_size, source_note)?;
        wprintln!(writer)?;
    }

    ts.for_each_page(|page_num, page_data| {
        let a = analyze_page(
            page_data,
            page_num,
            page_size,
            force,
            verbose_json,
            Some(&vendor_info),
        );

        // Update running counters
        match a.status {
            PageStatus::Intact => intact += 1,
            PageStatus::Corrupt => {
                corrupt += 1;
                corrupt_page_numbers.push(a.page_number);
                if let Some(pattern) = a.corruption_pattern {
                    *pattern_counts
                        .entry(pattern.name().to_string())
                        .or_insert(0) += 1;
                }
            }
            PageStatus::Empty => empty += 1,
            PageStatus::Unreadable => unreadable += 1,
        }

        if a.page_type == PageType::Index {
            index_pages_total += 1;
            if a.status == PageStatus::Intact {
                index_pages_recoverable += 1;
            }
            if force && a.status == PageStatus::Corrupt && a.record_count.is_some() {
                index_pages_recoverable += 1;
            }
            if let Some(count) = a.record_count {
                if a.status == PageStatus::Intact {
                    total_records += count as u64;
                } else {
                    corrupt_records += count as u64;
                }
            }
        }

        if opts.json {
            // NDJSON: emit per-page info (always in streaming, or only verbose)
            if opts.verbose {
                let info = PageRecoveryInfo {
                    page_number: a.page_number,
                    status: a.status,
                    page_type: a.page_type.name().to_string(),
                    checksum_valid: a.checksum_valid,
                    lsn_valid: a.lsn_valid,
                    lsn: a.lsn,
                    corruption_pattern: a.corruption_pattern.map(|p| p.name().to_string()),
                    record_count: a.record_count,
                    records: a.records,
                };
                let line = serde_json::to_string(&info)
                    .map_err(|e| IdbError::Parse(format!("JSON error: {}", e)))?;
                wprintln!(writer, "{}", line)?;
            }
        } else if opts.verbose {
            // Text: per-page detail
            let status_str = match a.status {
                PageStatus::Intact => a.status.label().to_string(),
                PageStatus::Corrupt => format!("{}", a.status.label().red()),
                PageStatus::Empty => a.status.label().to_string(),
                PageStatus::Unreadable => format!("{}", a.status.label().red()),
            };

            let mut line = format!(
                "Page {:>4}: {:<14} {:<12} LSN={}",
                a.page_number,
                a.page_type.name(),
                status_str,
                a.lsn,
            );

            if let Some(count) = a.record_count {
                line.push_str(&format!("  records={}", count));
            }

            if a.status == PageStatus::Corrupt {
                if !a.checksum_valid {
                    line.push_str("  checksum mismatch");
                }
                if !a.lsn_valid {
                    line.push_str("  LSN mismatch");
                }
                if let Some(pattern) = a.corruption_pattern {
                    line.push_str(&format!("  [{}]", pattern.name()));
                }
            }

            wprintln!(writer, "{}", line)?;
        }

        Ok(())
    })?;

    // Output summary
    let mut corruption_patterns: Vec<(String, u64)> = pattern_counts.into_iter().collect();
    corruption_patterns.sort_by(|a, b| b.1.cmp(&a.1));

    let stats = RecoverStats {
        file_size,
        page_size,
        page_size_source,
        scan_count,
        intact,
        corrupt,
        empty,
        unreadable,
        total_records,
        corrupt_records,
        corrupt_page_numbers,
        index_pages_total,
        index_pages_recoverable,
        corruption_patterns,
    };

    if opts.json {
        // Emit a final summary line as NDJSON
        let all_records = stats.total_records + if opts.force { stats.corrupt_records } else { 0 };
        let force_recs = if stats.corrupt_records > 0 && !opts.force {
            Some(stats.corrupt_records)
        } else {
            None
        };

        let summary = serde_json::json!({
            "type": "summary",
            "file": opts.file,
            "file_size": stats.file_size,
            "page_size": stats.page_size,
            "page_size_source": stats.page_size_source,
            "total_pages": stats.scan_count,
            "summary": {
                "intact": stats.intact,
                "corrupt": stats.corrupt,
                "empty": stats.empty,
                "unreadable": stats.unreadable,
            },
            "recoverable_records": all_records,
            "force_recoverable_records": force_recs,
        });
        let line = serde_json::to_string(&summary)
            .map_err(|e| IdbError::Parse(format!("JSON error: {}", e)))?;
        wprintln!(writer, "{}", line)?;
    } else {
        // Print text summary (verbose per-page was already output above)
        if opts.verbose {
            wprintln!(writer)?;
        }
        output_text_summary(opts, &stats, writer)?;
    }

    Ok(())
}

/// Rebuild a new tablespace from recoverable pages.
///
/// Collects intact pages (and corrupt pages if `--force`), renumbers them
/// sequentially, builds a new page 0, recalculates all checksums, and writes
/// to the output path. Returns (pages_written, pages_skipped).
#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
fn execute_rebuild(
    output_path: &str,
    all_data: &[u8],
    analyses: &[PageAnalysis],
    page_size: u32,
    force: bool,
    vendor_info: &crate::innodb::vendor::VendorInfo,
    writer: &mut dyn Write,
    json: bool,
) -> Result<(u64, u64), IdbError> {
    let ps = page_size as usize;
    let mut collected_pages: Vec<Vec<u8>> = Vec::new();
    let mut skipped = 0u64;

    // Infer space_id and flags from page 0 if intact, else from first intact page
    let mut space_id = 0u32;
    let mut flags = 0u32;
    let mut max_lsn = 0u64;
    let mut found_metadata = false;

    for a in analyses {
        if a.status == PageStatus::Intact || (force && a.status == PageStatus::Corrupt) {
            if !found_metadata {
                let offset = a.page_number as usize * ps;
                if offset + ps <= all_data.len() {
                    let page_data = &all_data[offset..offset + ps];
                    space_id = BigEndian::read_u32(&page_data[FIL_PAGE_SPACE_ID..]);
                    // Read flags from page 0 if this is page 0
                    if a.page_number == 0 {
                        let fsp = FIL_PAGE_DATA;
                        if page_data.len() > fsp + FSP_SPACE_FLAGS + 4 {
                            flags = BigEndian::read_u32(&page_data[fsp + FSP_SPACE_FLAGS..]);
                        }
                    }
                    found_metadata = true;
                }
            }
            if a.lsn > max_lsn {
                max_lsn = a.lsn;
            }
        }
    }

    // Collect recoverable pages (skip page 0 — we'll build a new one)
    for a in analyses {
        let include = match a.status {
            PageStatus::Intact => true,
            PageStatus::Corrupt if force => true,
            _ => false,
        };

        if !include || a.page_number == 0 {
            if a.status != PageStatus::Empty && a.page_number != 0 {
                skipped += 1;
            }
            continue;
        }

        let offset = a.page_number as usize * ps;
        if offset + ps > all_data.len() {
            skipped += 1;
            continue;
        }

        collected_pages.push(all_data[offset..offset + ps].to_vec());
    }

    // Detect algorithm
    let algorithm = write::detect_algorithm(
        if !all_data.is_empty() && all_data.len() >= ps {
            &all_data[..ps]
        } else {
            &[]
        },
        page_size,
        Some(vendor_info),
    );
    // Use CRC-32C as fallback if detection returned None
    let algorithm = if algorithm == ChecksumAlgorithm::None {
        ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc32c
    } else {
        algorithm
    };

    let total_pages = (collected_pages.len() + 1) as u32; // +1 for new page 0

    // Build new page 0
    let page0 = write::build_fsp_page(space_id, total_pages, flags, max_lsn, page_size, algorithm);

    // Renumber collected pages and fix checksums
    let mut output_pages: Vec<Vec<u8>> = Vec::with_capacity(total_pages as usize);
    output_pages.push(page0);

    for (i, mut page) in collected_pages.into_iter().enumerate() {
        let new_page_num = (i + 1) as u32;
        // Update FIL_PAGE_OFFSET (page number)
        BigEndian::write_u32(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_OFFSET..], new_page_num);
        // Recalculate checksum
        write::fix_page_checksum(&mut page, page_size, algorithm);
        output_pages.push(page);
    }

    // Write output
    write::write_tablespace(output_path, &output_pages)?;

    // Post-validate
    let ts = Tablespace::open(output_path)?;
    let output_count = ts.page_count();
    let mut valid_count = 0u64;
    for i in 0..output_count {
        let page = write::read_page_raw(output_path, i, page_size)?;
        if validate_checksum(&page, page_size, Some(vendor_info)).valid {
            valid_count += 1;
        }
    }

    let pages_written = output_pages.len() as u64;

    if !json {
        wprintln!(writer)?;
        wprintln!(writer, "Rebuild Output: {}", output_path)?;
        wprintln!(writer, "  Pages written:    {}", pages_written)?;
        wprintln!(writer, "  Pages skipped:    {}", skipped)?;
        wprintln!(
            writer,
            "  Post-validation:  {}/{} valid checksums",
            valid_count,
            output_count
        )?;
        if valid_count < output_count {
            wprintln!(writer, "  Warning: some pages still have invalid checksums")?;
        }
    }

    Ok((pages_written, skipped))
}

fn output_text(
    opts: &RecoverOptions,
    analyses: &[PageAnalysis],
    stats: &RecoverStats,
    writer: &mut dyn Write,
) -> Result<(), IdbError> {
    wprintln!(writer, "Recovery Analysis: {}", opts.file)?;
    wprintln!(
        writer,
        "File size: {} bytes ({} pages x {} bytes)",
        stats.file_size,
        stats.scan_count,
        stats.page_size
    )?;

    let source_note = match &stats.page_size_source {
        Some(s) => format!(" ({})", s),
        None => " (auto-detected)".to_string(),
    };
    wprintln!(writer, "Page size: {}{}", stats.page_size, source_note)?;
    wprintln!(writer)?;

    // Verbose: per-page detail
    if opts.verbose {
        for a in analyses {
            let status_str = match a.status {
                PageStatus::Intact => a.status.label().to_string(),
                PageStatus::Corrupt => format!("{}", a.status.label().red()),
                PageStatus::Empty => a.status.label().to_string(),
                PageStatus::Unreadable => format!("{}", a.status.label().red()),
            };

            let mut line = format!(
                "Page {:>4}: {:<14} {:<12} LSN={}",
                a.page_number,
                a.page_type.name(),
                status_str,
                a.lsn,
            );

            if let Some(count) = a.record_count {
                line.push_str(&format!("  records={}", count));
            }

            if a.status == PageStatus::Corrupt {
                if !a.checksum_valid {
                    line.push_str("  checksum mismatch");
                }
                if !a.lsn_valid {
                    line.push_str("  LSN mismatch");
                }
                if let Some(pattern) = a.corruption_pattern {
                    line.push_str(&format!("  [{}]", pattern.name()));
                }
            }

            wprintln!(writer, "{}", line)?;
        }
        wprintln!(writer)?;
    }

    output_text_summary(opts, stats, writer)
}

/// Print the text-mode recovery summary (shared by streaming and non-streaming paths).
fn output_text_summary(
    opts: &RecoverOptions,
    stats: &RecoverStats,
    writer: &mut dyn Write,
) -> Result<(), IdbError> {
    wprintln!(writer, "Page Status Summary:")?;
    wprintln!(writer, "  Intact:      {:>4} pages", stats.intact)?;
    if stats.corrupt > 0 {
        let pages_str = if stats.corrupt_page_numbers.len() <= 10 {
            let nums: Vec<String> = stats
                .corrupt_page_numbers
                .iter()
                .map(|n| n.to_string())
                .collect();
            format!(" (pages {})", nums.join(", "))
        } else {
            format!(" ({} pages)", stats.corrupt)
        };
        wprintln!(
            writer,
            "  Corrupt:     {:>4} pages{}",
            format!("{}", stats.corrupt).red(),
            pages_str
        )?;
    } else {
        wprintln!(writer, "  Corrupt:     {:>4} pages", stats.corrupt)?;
    }
    wprintln!(writer, "  Empty:       {:>4} pages", stats.empty)?;
    if stats.unreadable > 0 {
        wprintln!(
            writer,
            "  Unreadable:  {:>4} pages",
            format!("{}", stats.unreadable).red()
        )?;
    } else {
        wprintln!(writer, "  Unreadable:  {:>4} pages", stats.unreadable)?;
    }
    wprintln!(writer, "  Total:       {:>4} pages", stats.scan_count)?;
    wprintln!(writer)?;

    if !stats.corruption_patterns.is_empty() {
        wprintln!(writer, "Corruption Patterns:")?;
        for (name, count) in &stats.corruption_patterns {
            let label = if *count == 1 { "page" } else { "pages" };
            wprintln!(writer, "  {}: {} {}", name, count, label)?;
        }
        wprintln!(writer)?;
    }

    if stats.index_pages_total > 0 {
        wprintln!(
            writer,
            "Recoverable INDEX Pages: {} of {}",
            stats.index_pages_recoverable,
            stats.index_pages_total
        )?;
        wprintln!(writer, "  Total user records: {}", stats.total_records)?;
        if stats.corrupt_records > 0 && !opts.force {
            wprintln!(
                writer,
                "  Records on corrupt pages: {} (use --force to include)",
                stats.corrupt_records
            )?;
        } else if stats.corrupt_records > 0 {
            wprintln!(
                writer,
                "  Records on corrupt pages: {} (included with --force)",
                stats.corrupt_records
            )?;
        }
        wprintln!(writer)?;
    }

    let total_non_empty = stats.intact + stats.corrupt + stats.unreadable;
    if total_non_empty > 0 {
        let pct = (stats.intact as f64 / total_non_empty as f64) * 100.0;
        wprintln!(writer, "Overall: {:.1}% of pages intact", pct)?;
    }

    Ok(())
}

fn output_json(
    opts: &RecoverOptions,
    analyses: &[PageAnalysis],
    stats: &RecoverStats,
    writer: &mut dyn Write,
) -> Result<(), IdbError> {
    let all_records = stats.total_records + if opts.force { stats.corrupt_records } else { 0 };

    let pages: Vec<PageRecoveryInfo> = if opts.verbose {
        analyses
            .iter()
            .map(|a| PageRecoveryInfo {
                page_number: a.page_number,
                status: a.status,
                page_type: a.page_type.name().to_string(),
                checksum_valid: a.checksum_valid,
                lsn_valid: a.lsn_valid,
                lsn: a.lsn,
                corruption_pattern: a.corruption_pattern.map(|p| p.name().to_string()),
                record_count: a.record_count,
                records: a
                    .records
                    .iter()
                    .map(|r| RecoveredRecord {
                        offset: r.offset,
                        heap_no: r.heap_no,
                        delete_mark: r.delete_mark,
                        data_hex: r.data_hex.clone(),
                    })
                    .collect(),
            })
            .collect()
    } else {
        Vec::new()
    };

    let force_recs = if stats.corrupt_records > 0 && !opts.force {
        Some(stats.corrupt_records)
    } else {
        None
    };

    let report = RecoverReport {
        file: opts.file.clone(),
        file_size: stats.file_size,
        page_size: stats.page_size,
        page_size_source: stats.page_size_source.clone(),
        total_pages: stats.scan_count,
        summary: RecoverSummary {
            intact: stats.intact,
            corrupt: stats.corrupt,
            empty: stats.empty,
            unreadable: stats.unreadable,
        },
        recoverable_records: all_records,
        force_recoverable_records: force_recs,
        pages,
    };

    let json = serde_json::to_string_pretty(&report)
        .map_err(|e| IdbError::Parse(format!("JSON serialization error: {}", e)))?;
    wprintln!(writer, "{}", json)?;

    Ok(())
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_page_status_label() {
        assert_eq!(PageStatus::Intact.label(), "intact");
        assert_eq!(PageStatus::Corrupt.label(), "CORRUPT");
        assert_eq!(PageStatus::Empty.label(), "empty");
        assert_eq!(PageStatus::Unreadable.label(), "UNREADABLE");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_analyze_empty_page() {
        let page = vec![0u8; 16384];
        let result = analyze_page(&page, 0, 16384, false, false, None);
        assert_eq!(result.status, PageStatus::Empty);
        assert_eq!(result.page_type, PageType::Allocated);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_analyze_short_page_is_unreadable() {
        let page = vec![0xFF; 10];
        let result = analyze_page(&page, 0, 16384, false, false, None);
        assert_eq!(result.status, PageStatus::Unreadable);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_analyze_valid_index_page() {
        use byteorder::{BigEndian, ByteOrder};

        let mut page = vec![0u8; 16384];
        BigEndian::write_u32(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_OFFSET..], 1);
        BigEndian::write_u32(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_PREV..], FIL_NULL);
        BigEndian::write_u32(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_NEXT..], FIL_NULL);
        BigEndian::write_u64(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_LSN..], 5000);
        BigEndian::write_u16(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_TYPE..], 17855); // INDEX
        BigEndian::write_u32(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_SPACE_ID..], 1);

        // Trailer
        let trailer = 16384 - SIZE_FIL_TRAILER;
        BigEndian::write_u32(&mut page[trailer + 4..], (5000u64 & 0xFFFFFFFF) as u32);

        // CRC-32C checksum
        let end = 16384 - SIZE_FIL_TRAILER;
        let crc1 = crc32c::crc32c(&page[FIL_PAGE_OFFSET..FIL_PAGE_FILE_FLUSH_LSN]);
        let crc2 = crc32c::crc32c(&page[FIL_PAGE_DATA..end]);
        BigEndian::write_u32(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_SPACE_OR_CHKSUM..], crc1 ^ crc2);

        let result = analyze_page(&page, 1, 16384, false, false, None);
        assert_eq!(result.status, PageStatus::Intact);
        assert_eq!(result.page_type, PageType::Index);
        assert!(result.record_count.is_some());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_analyze_corrupt_page() {
        use byteorder::{BigEndian, ByteOrder};

        let mut page = vec![0u8; 16384];
        BigEndian::write_u32(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_OFFSET..], 1);
        BigEndian::write_u64(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_LSN..], 5000);
        BigEndian::write_u16(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_TYPE..], 17855);
        BigEndian::write_u32(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_SPACE_ID..], 1);
        // Bad checksum — leave it as 0 while page has data
        BigEndian::write_u32(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_SPACE_OR_CHKSUM..], 0xDEAD);

        let result = analyze_page(&page, 1, 16384, false, false, None);
        assert_eq!(result.status, PageStatus::Corrupt);
        // Without --force, no record count on corrupt pages
        assert!(result.record_count.is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_analyze_corrupt_page_with_force() {
        use byteorder::{BigEndian, ByteOrder};

        let mut page = vec![0u8; 16384];
        BigEndian::write_u32(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_OFFSET..], 1);
        BigEndian::write_u64(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_LSN..], 5000);
        BigEndian::write_u16(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_TYPE..], 17855);
        BigEndian::write_u32(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_SPACE_ID..], 1);
        BigEndian::write_u32(&mut page[FIL_PAGE_SPACE_OR_CHKSUM..], 0xDEAD);

        let result = analyze_page(&page, 1, 16384, true, false, None);
        assert_eq!(result.status, PageStatus::Corrupt);
        // With --force, records are counted even on corrupt pages
        assert!(result.record_count.is_some());
    }
}