glium 0.6.3

High-level and safe OpenGL wrapper.
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#[macro_use]
extern crate glium;
extern crate rand;

use glium::{DisplayBuild, Surface};
use glium::index::PrimitiveType;
use glium::glutin;

mod support;

fn main() {
    println!("This example demonstrates how to draw a lot of sprites in an efficient manner. \n\n\
              Instead of drawing sprites one by one, it writes the list of sprites in a buffer \
              and draws everything at once. Textures are accessed though a Texture2dArray to \
              avoid the problem of binding textures one by one.\n\n\
              Performances are limited by the synchronization required to write on the color \
              buffer. Enabling depth test would likely increase the framerate.\n");

    const SPRITES_COUNT: usize = 1024;
    println!("Number of sprites: {}", SPRITES_COUNT);

    let display = glutin::WindowBuilder::new().build_glium().unwrap();

    // generating a bunch of unicolor 2D images that will be used for a texture
    // we store all of them in a `Texture2dArray`
    let texture = {
        let images = (0 .. 64).map(|_| {
            let color1: (f32, f32, f32) = (rand::random(), rand::random(), rand::random());
            let color2: (f32, f32, f32) = (rand::random(), rand::random(), rand::random());
            vec![vec![color1], vec![color2]]
        }).collect::<Vec<_>>();

        glium::texture::Texture2dArray::new_if_supported(&display, images).unwrap()
    };

    // building the vertex buffer and index buffers that will be filled with the data of
    // the sprites
    let (mut vertex_buffer, index_buffer) = {
        #[derive(Copy, Clone)]
        struct Vertex {
            i_position: [f32; 2],
            i_tex_id: u32,
        }

        implement_vertex!(Vertex, i_position, i_tex_id);

        let mut vb: glium::VertexBuffer<Vertex> = glium::VertexBuffer::empty_dynamic(&display,
                                                                             SPRITES_COUNT * 4);
        let mut ib_data = Vec::with_capacity(SPRITES_COUNT * 6);

        // initializing with random data
        for (num, sprite) in vb.map().chunks_mut(4).enumerate() {
            let tex_id: u32 = rand::random();
            let tex_id = tex_id % texture.get_array_size().unwrap();
            let position: (f32, f32) = (rand::random(), rand::random());
            let position: (f32, f32) = (position.0 * 2.0 - 1.0, position.1 * 2.0 - 1.0);

            sprite[0].i_position[0] = position.0 - 0.1;
            sprite[0].i_position[1] = position.1 + 0.1;
            sprite[0].i_tex_id = tex_id;
            sprite[1].i_position[0] = position.0 + 0.1;
            sprite[1].i_position[1] = position.1 + 0.1;
            sprite[1].i_tex_id = tex_id;
            sprite[2].i_position[0] = position.0 - 0.1;
            sprite[2].i_position[1] = position.1 - 0.1;
            sprite[2].i_tex_id = tex_id;
            sprite[3].i_position[0] = position.0 + 0.1;
            sprite[3].i_position[1] = position.1 - 0.1;
            sprite[3].i_tex_id = tex_id;

            let num = num as u16;
            ib_data.push(num * 4);
            ib_data.push(num * 4 + 1);
            ib_data.push(num * 4 + 2);
            ib_data.push(num * 4 + 1);
            ib_data.push(num * 4 + 3);
            ib_data.push(num * 4 + 2);
        }

        (vb, glium::index::IndexBuffer::new(&display, PrimitiveType::TrianglesList, ib_data))
    };

    // we determine the texture coordinates depending on the ID the of vertex
    let program = program!(&display,
        140 => {
            vertex: "
                #version 140

                in vec2 i_position;
                in uint i_tex_id;

                out vec2 v_tex_coords;
                flat out uint v_tex_id;

                void main() {
                    gl_Position = vec4(i_position, 0.0, 1.0);

                    if (gl_VertexID % 4 == 0) {
                        v_tex_coords = vec2(0.0, 1.0);
                    } else if (gl_VertexID % 4 == 1) {
                        v_tex_coords = vec2(1.0, 1.0);
                    } else if (gl_VertexID % 4 == 2) {
                        v_tex_coords = vec2(0.0, 0.0);
                    } else {
                        v_tex_coords = vec2(1.0, 0.0);
                    }

                    v_tex_id = i_tex_id;
                }
            ",

            fragment: "
                #version 140

                uniform sampler2DArray tex;

                in vec2 v_tex_coords;
                flat in uint v_tex_id;

                out vec4 f_color;

                void main() {
                    f_color = texture(tex, vec3(v_tex_coords, float(v_tex_id)));
                }
            "
        },

        110 => {
            vertex: "
                #version 110

                in vec2 i_position;
                in uint i_tex_id;

                varying vec2 v_tex_coords;
                flat varying uint v_tex_id;

                void main() {
                    gl_Position = vec4(i_position, 0.0, 1.0);

                    if (gl_VertexID % 4 == 0) {
                        v_tex_coords = vec2(0.0, 1.0);
                    } else if (gl_VertexID % 4 == 1) {
                        v_tex_coords = vec2(1.0, 1.0);
                    } else if (gl_VertexID % 4 == 2) {
                        v_tex_coords = vec2(0.0, 0.0);
                    } else {
                        v_tex_coords = vec2(1.0, 0.0);
                    }

                    v_tex_id = i_tex_id;
                }
            ",

            fragment: "
                #version 110

                uniform sampler2DArray tex;

                varying vec2 v_tex_coords;
                flat varying uint v_tex_id;

                void main() {
                    gl_FragColor = texture2DArray(tex, vec3(v_tex_coords, float(v_tex_id)));
                }
            "
        },

        100 => {
            vertex: "
                #version 100

                attribute lowp vec2 i_position;
                attribute uint i_tex_id;

                varying lowp vec2 v_tex_coords;
                flat varying uint v_tex_id;

                void main() {
                    gl_Position = vec4(i_position, 0.0, 1.0);

                    if (gl_VertexID % 4 == 0) {
                        v_tex_coords = vec2(0.0, 1.0);
                    } else if (gl_VertexID % 4 == 1) {
                        v_tex_coords = vec2(1.0, 1.0);
                    } else if (gl_VertexID % 4 == 2) {
                        v_tex_coords = vec2(0.0, 0.0);
                    } else {
                        v_tex_coords = vec2(1.0, 0.0);
                    }

                    v_tex_id = i_tex_id;
                }
            ",

            fragment: "
                #version 100

                uniform sampler2DArray tex;

                varying lowp vec2 v_tex_coords;
                flat varying uint v_tex_id;

                void main() {
                    gl_FragColor = texture2DArray(tex, vec3(v_tex_coords, float(v_tex_id)));
                }
            "
        },
    ).unwrap();

    // the main loop
    support::start_loop(|| {
        // moving the sprites in a random direction
        // in a game, you would typically write the exact positions and texture IDs of your sprites
        {
            let mut mapping = vertex_buffer.map();
            for sprite in mapping.chunks_mut(4) {
                let mv: (f32, f32) = (rand::random(), rand::random());
                let mv = (mv.0 * 0.01 - 0.005, mv.1 * 0.01 - 0.005);

                sprite[0].i_position[0] += mv.0;
                sprite[0].i_position[1] += mv.1;
                sprite[1].i_position[0] += mv.0;
                sprite[1].i_position[1] += mv.1;
                sprite[2].i_position[0] += mv.0;
                sprite[2].i_position[1] += mv.1;
                sprite[3].i_position[0] += mv.0;
                sprite[3].i_position[1] += mv.1;
                // sprite[...].i_tex_id = ...;  // if you want to set the texture
            }
        }

        // we must only draw the number of sprites that we have written in the vertex buffer
        // if you only want to draw 20 sprites for example, you should pass `0 .. 20 * 6` instead
        let ib_slice = index_buffer.slice(0 .. SPRITES_COUNT * 6).unwrap();

        // drawing a frame
        let mut target = display.draw();
        target.clear_color(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
        target.draw(&vertex_buffer, &ib_slice,
                    &program, &uniform! { tex: &texture }, &Default::default()).unwrap();
        target.finish().unwrap();


        for event in display.poll_events() {
            match event {
                glutin::Event::Closed => return support::Action::Stop,
                _ => ()
            }
        }

        support::Action::Continue
    });
}