Checked Euclidean division. Computes `self.div_euclid(rhs)`,
returning `None` if `rhs == 0` or the division results in overflow.
# Examples
Basic usage:
```
# use ::exint::primitive::*;
# ::exint::uint! {
assert_eq!((i24::MIN + 1_i24).checked_div_euclid(-1_i24), Some(i24::MAX));
assert_eq!(i24::MIN.checked_div_euclid(-1_i24), None);
assert_eq!(1_i24.checked_div_euclid(0_i24), None);
# }
```