agg 0.1.0

//! Colors

use crate::Color;
use crate::math::multiply_u8;

/// Convert an f64 [0,1] component to a u8 [0,255] component
fn cu8(v: f64) -> u8 {
    (v * 255.0).round() as u8
}

/// Convert from sRGB to RGB for a single component
fn srgb_to_rgb(x: f64) -> f64 {
    if x <= 0.04045 {
        x / 12.92
    } else {
        ((x + 0.055) / 1.055).powf(2.4)
    }
}
/// Convert from RGB to sRGB for a single component
fn rgb_to_srgb(x: f64) -> f64 {
    if x <= 0.003_130_8 {
        x * 12.92
    } else {
        1.055 * x.powf(1.0/2.4) - 0.055
    }
}


/// Color as Red, Green, Blue, and Alpha
#[derive(Debug,Default,Copy,Clone,PartialEq)]
pub struct Rgba8 {
    /// Red
    pub r: u8,
    /// Green
    pub g: u8,
    /// Blue
    pub b: u8,
    /// Alpha
    pub a: u8,
}

impl Rgba8 {
    pub fn from_trait<C: Color>(c: C) -> Self {
        Self::new(c.red8(), c.green8(), c.blue8(), c.alpha8())
    }
    /// White Color (255,255,255,255)
    pub fn white() -> Self {
        Self::new(255,255,255,255)
    }
    /// Black Color (0,0,0,255)
    pub fn black() -> Self {
        Self::new(0,0,0,255)
    }
    /// Create new color
    pub fn new(r: u8, g: u8, b: u8, a: u8) -> Self {
        Rgba8 { r, g, b, a }
    }
    /// Crate new color from a wavelength and gamma 
    pub fn from_wavelength_gamma(w: f64, gamma: f64) -> Self {
        let c = Rgb8::from_wavelength_gamma(w, gamma);
        Self::from_trait(c)
    }
    pub fn clear(&mut self) {
        self.r = 0;
        self.g = 0;
        self.b = 0;
        self.a = 0;
    }
    pub fn premultiply(self) -> Rgba8pre {
        //if self.a == 158 {
        //    eprint!("COLOR {} {} {} {} => ", self.r, self.g, self.b, self.a);
        //}
        match self.a {
            255 => {
                //eprintln!("{} {} {} {} PREMULTIPLY", self.r, self.g, self.b, self.a);
                Rgba8pre::new(self.r, self.g, self.b, self.a)
            },
            0   => {
                //eprintln!("{} {} {} {} PREMULTIPLY", 0,0,0, self.a);
                Rgba8pre::new(0, 0, 0, self.a)
            },
            _   => {
                let r = multiply_u8(self.r, self.a);
                let g = multiply_u8(self.g, self.a);
                let b = multiply_u8(self.b, self.a);
                //if self.a == 158 {
                //    eprintln!("{} {} {} PREMULTIPLY ", r, g, b);
                //}
                Rgba8pre::new(r, g, b, self.a)
            }
        }
    }
}


/// Gray scale
#[derive(Debug,Copy,Clone,Default,PartialEq)]
pub struct Gray8 {
    pub value: u8,
    pub alpha: u8,
}
impl Gray8 {
    pub fn from_trait<C: Color>(c: C) -> Self {
        let lum = luminance_u8(c.red8(), c.green8(), c.blue8());
        Self::new_with_alpha( lum, c.alpha8() )
    }
    /// Create a new gray scale value
    pub fn new(value: u8) -> Self {
        Self { value, alpha: 255 }
    }
    pub fn new_with_alpha(value: u8, alpha: u8) -> Self {
        Self { value, alpha }
    }
    pub fn from_slice(v: &[u8]) -> Self {
        Self::new_with_alpha(v[0],v[1])
    }
}

fn luminance_u8(red: u8, green: u8, blue: u8) -> u8 {
    (luminance(color_u8_to_f64(red),
               color_u8_to_f64(green),
               color_u8_to_f64(blue)) * 255.0).round() as u8
}
pub fn luminance(red: f64, green: f64, blue: f64) -> f64 {
    0.2126 * red + 0.7152 * green + 0.0722 * blue
}

/// Lightness (max(R, G, B) + min(R, G, B)) / 2
pub fn lightness(red: f64, green: f64, blue: f64) -> f64 {
    let mut cmax = red;
    let mut cmin = red;
    if green > cmax { cmax = green; }
    if blue  > cmax { cmax = blue;  }
    if green < cmin { cmin = green; }
    if blue  < cmin { cmin = blue;  }

    (cmax + cmin) / 2.0
}
/// Average 
pub fn average(red: f64, green: f64, blue: f64) -> f64 {
    (red + green + blue) / 3.0
}


impl Rgb8 {
    pub fn from_trait<C: Color>(c: C) -> Self {
        Self::new(c.red8(), c.green8(), c.blue8())
    }
    pub fn white() -> Self {
        Self::new(255,255,255)
    }
    pub fn black() -> Self {
        Self::new(0,0,0)
    }
    pub fn new(r: u8, g: u8, b: u8) -> Self {
        Rgb8 { r, g, b }
    }
    pub fn gray(g: u8) -> Self {
        Self::new(g,g,g)
    }
    pub fn from_slice(v: &[u8]) -> Self {
        Rgb8 { r: v[0], g: v[1], b: v[2] }
    }
    pub fn from_wavelength_gamma(w: f64, gamma: f64) -> Self {
        let (r,g,b) =
            if w >= 380.0 && w <= 440.0 {
                (-1.0 * (w-440.0) / (440.0-380.0), 0.0, 1.0)
            } else if w >= 440.0 && w <= 490.0 {
                (0.0, (w-440.0)/(490.0-440.0), 1.0)
            } else if w >= 490.0 && w <= 510.0 {
                (0.0, 1.0, -1.0 * (w-510.0)/(510.0-490.0))
            } else if w >= 510.0 && w <= 580.0 {
                ((w-510.0)/(580.0-510.0), 1.0, 0.0)
            } else if w >= 580.0 && w <= 645.0 {
                (1.0, -1.0*(w-645.0)/(645.0-580.0), 0.0)
            } else if w >= 645.0 && w <= 780.0 {
                (1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
            } else {
                (0.,0.,0.)
            };
        let scale =
            if w > 700.0 {
                0.3 + 0.7 * (780.0-w)/(780.0-700.0)
            } else if w < 420.0 {
                0.3 + 0.7 * (w-380.0)/(420.0-380.0)
            } else {
                1.0
            };
        let r = (r * scale).powf(gamma) * 255.0;
        let g = (g * scale).powf(gamma) * 255.0;
        let b = (b * scale).powf(gamma) * 255.0;
        Self::new ( r as u8, g as u8, b as u8 )
    }
}

fn color_u8_to_f64(x: u8) -> f64 {
    f64::from(x) / 255.0
}

/// Color as Red, Green, Blue
#[derive(Debug,Default,Copy,Clone,PartialEq)]
pub struct Rgb8 {
    pub r: u8,
    pub g: u8,
    pub b: u8,
}
/// Color as Red, Green, Blue, and Alpha with pre-multiplied components
#[derive(Debug,Default,Copy,Clone,PartialEq)]
pub struct Rgba8pre {
    pub r: u8,
    pub g: u8,
    pub b: u8,
    pub a: u8,
}

impl Rgba8pre {
    pub fn new(r: u8, g: u8, b: u8, a: u8) -> Self {
        Self {r, g, b, a}
    }
}

/// Color as standard Red, Green, Blue, Alpha
///
/// See <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRGB>
///
#[derive(Debug,Default,Copy,Clone,PartialEq)]
pub struct Srgba8 {
    /// Red
    r: u8,
    /// Green
    g: u8,
    /// Blue
    b: u8,
    /// Alpha
    a: u8,
}

impl Srgba8 {
    pub fn from_rgb<C: Color>(c: C) -> Self {
        let r = cu8(rgb_to_srgb(c.red()));
        let g = cu8(rgb_to_srgb(c.green()));
        let b = cu8(rgb_to_srgb(c.blue()));
        Self::new(r,g,b,cu8(c.alpha()))
    }
    /// Create a new Srgba8 color
    pub fn new(r: u8, g: u8, b: u8, a: u8) -> Self {
        Self { r, g, b, a }
    }
}

#[derive(Debug,Default,Copy,Clone,PartialEq)]
pub struct Rgba32 {
    pub r: f32,
    pub g: f32,
    pub b: f32,
    pub a: f32,
}

impl Rgba32 {
    pub fn from_trait<C: Color>(c: C) -> Self {
        Self::new(c.red() as f32,
                  c.green() as f32,
                  c.blue() as f32,
                  c.alpha() as f32)
    }
    pub fn new(r: f32, g: f32, b: f32, a: f32) -> Self {
        Self { r, g, b, a }
    }
    pub fn premultiply(&self) -> Self {
        if (self.a - 1.0).abs() <= std::f32::EPSILON {
            Rgba32::new(self.r, self.g, self.b, self.a)
        } else if self.a == 0.0 {
            Rgba32::new(0., 0., 0., self.a)
        } else {
            let r = self.r * self.a;
            let g = self.g * self.a;
            let b = self.b * self.a;
            Rgba32::new(r, g, b, self.a)
        }
    }
}

impl Color for Rgba8 {
    fn   red(&self)  -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.r) }
    fn green(&self)  -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.g) }
    fn  blue(&self)  -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.b) }
    fn alpha(&self)  -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.a) }
    fn alpha8(&self) -> u8  { self.a }
    fn red8(&self)   -> u8  { self.r }
    fn green8(&self) -> u8  { self.g }
    fn blue8(&self)  -> u8  { self.b }
    fn is_premultiplied(&self) -> bool { false }
}
impl Color for Rgb8 {
    fn   red(&self) -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.r) }
    fn green(&self) -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.g) }
    fn  blue(&self) -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.b) }
    fn alpha(&self) -> f64 { 1.0 }
    fn alpha8(&self) -> u8 { 255 }
    fn red8(&self) -> u8   { self.r }
    fn green8(&self) -> u8 { self.g }
    fn blue8(&self) -> u8  { self.b }
    fn is_premultiplied(&self) -> bool { false }
}
impl Color for Rgba8pre {
    fn   red(&self) -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.r) }
    fn green(&self) -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.g) }
    fn  blue(&self) -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.b) }
    fn alpha(&self) -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.a) }
    fn alpha8(&self) -> u8 { self.a }
    fn red8(&self) -> u8   { self.r }
    fn green8(&self) -> u8 { self.g }
    fn blue8(&self) -> u8  { self.b }
    fn is_premultiplied(&self) -> bool { true }
    fn is_transparent(&self) -> bool {
        self.a == 0
    }
}
impl Color for Srgba8 {
    fn   red(&self)  -> f64 { srgb_to_rgb(color_u8_to_f64(self.r)) }
    fn green(&self)  -> f64 { srgb_to_rgb(color_u8_to_f64(self.g)) }
    fn  blue(&self)  -> f64 { srgb_to_rgb(color_u8_to_f64(self.b)) }
    fn alpha(&self)  -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.a) }
    fn alpha8(&self) -> u8  { cu8(self.alpha()) }
    fn red8(&self)   -> u8  { cu8(self.red()) }
    fn green8(&self) -> u8  { cu8(self.green()) }
    fn blue8(&self)  -> u8  { cu8(self.blue()) }
    fn is_premultiplied(&self) -> bool { false }
}
impl Color for Rgba32 {
    fn   red(&self)  -> f64 { f64::from(self.r) }
    fn green(&self)  -> f64 { f64::from(self.g) }
    fn  blue(&self)  -> f64 { f64::from(self.b) }
    fn alpha(&self)  -> f64 { f64::from(self.a) }
    fn alpha8(&self) -> u8  { cu8(self.alpha()) }
    fn red8(&self)   -> u8  { cu8(self.red()) }
    fn green8(&self) -> u8  { cu8(self.green()) }
    fn blue8(&self)  -> u8  { cu8(self.blue()) }
    fn is_premultiplied(&self) -> bool { false }
}
impl Color for Gray8 {
    fn   red(&self)  -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.value) }
    fn green(&self)  -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.value) }
    fn  blue(&self)  -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.value) }
    fn alpha(&self)  -> f64 { color_u8_to_f64(self.alpha) }
    fn alpha8(&self) -> u8  { self.alpha }
    fn red8(&self)   -> u8  { self.value }
    fn green8(&self) -> u8  { self.value }
    fn blue8(&self)  -> u8  { self.value }
    fn is_premultiplied(&self) -> bool { false }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::Gray8;
    use super::Rgb8;
    use super::Rgba8;
    use super::Rgba8pre;
    use super::Srgba8;

    #[test]
    fn rgb8_to_gray8_test() {
        let values = [[0,0,0,0u8],
                      [255,255,255,255],
                      [255,   0,   0,  54],
                      [0,   255,   0,  182],
                      [0,   0,   255,  18],
                      [255, 255,   0,  237],
                      [255, 0,   255,  73],
                      [0,   255, 255,  201],
                      [128,128,128,    128],
                      [128,   0,   0,  27],
                      [0,   128,   0,  92],
                      [0,   0,   128,  9],
                      [128, 128,   0,  119],
                      [128, 0,   128,  36],
                      [0,   128, 128,  101],
        ];
        for [r,g,b,z] in &values {
            let c = Rgb8::new(*r,*g,*b);
            let gray = Gray8::from_trait(c);
            assert_eq!(gray.value, *z);
        }
    }
    #[test]
    fn rgb8_test() {
        let w = Rgb8::white();
        assert_eq!(w, Rgb8{r: 255, g:255, b: 255});
        let w = Rgb8::black();
        assert_eq!(w, Rgb8{r: 0, g:0, b: 0});
        let w = Rgb8::gray(128);
        assert_eq!(w, Rgb8{r: 128, g:128, b: 128});
        let w = Rgb8::from_slice(&[1,2,3]);
        assert_eq!(w, Rgb8{r: 1, g:2, b: 3});
        let w = Rgb8::new(0, 90, 180);
        assert_eq!(w, Rgb8{r: 0, g:90, b: 180});
    }
    #[test]
    fn gray_test() {
        let g = Gray8::new(34);
        assert_eq!(g, Gray8{ value: 34, alpha: 255 });
        let g = Gray8::new_with_alpha(134, 100);
        assert_eq!(g, Gray8{ value: 134, alpha: 100 });
        let g = Gray8::from_slice(&[10,20]);
        assert_eq!(g, Gray8{ value: 10, alpha: 20 });
    }
    #[test]
    fn rgba8_test() {
        let c = Rgba8::white();
        assert_eq!(c, Rgba8{r:255,g:255,b:255,a:255});
        let c = Rgba8::black();
        assert_eq!(c, Rgba8{r:0,g:0,b:0,a:255});
        let c = Rgba8::new(255, 90, 84, 72);
        assert_eq!(c, Rgba8{r:255,g:90,b:84,a:72});
        let mut c = c;
        c.clear();
        assert_eq!(c, Rgba8{r:0,g:0,b:0,a:0});
        let c = Rgba8::new(255,255,255,128);
        let p = c.premultiply();
        assert_eq!(p, Rgba8pre { r: 128, g: 128, b: 128, a: 128 } )
    }
    #[test]
    fn srgb_test() {
        let s = Srgba8::new(50,150,250,128);
        assert_eq!(s, Srgba8{r:50,g:150,b:250,a:128});
        let t = Rgba8::from_trait(s);
        assert_eq!(t, Rgba8{r:8,g:78,b:244,a:128});
    }
}