Struct Velocity 

pub struct Velocity { /* private fields */ }

速度物理量结构体

表示物体运动的快慢和方向，支持多种单位制

示例

use zmatrix::physics::basic::Velocity;

let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(10.0);
println!("速度: {} m/s", velocity.as_m_per_sec());

Implementations

impl Velocity

pub fn from_m_per_sec(v: f64) -> Self

Examples found in repository

examples/example_physics.rs (line 11)

fn main(){
    let distance = Distance::from_m(1001.0);
    println!("{:?}", distance.as_km());
    // 1.001 km
    println!("{:?}", distance.as_light_year());
    // 1.05805783485864e-13 light years（1001 m ÷ 9.4607e15 m/ly）

    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(100.0);
    println!("{:?}", velocity.as_km_per_h());
    // 360.0 km/h

    calculate();
    examples_vector3();
}

examples/example_vector_quantity.rs (line 11)

fn main() {
    println!("=== VectorQuantity Trait 验证示例 ===\n");

    // 验证支持向量的物理量
    println!("1. 验证支持向量的物理量:");
    
    // 创建一些支持向量的物理量
    let distance = Distance::from_m(10.0);
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(5.0);
    let force = Force::from_newton(20.0);
    let torque = Torque::from_nm(15.0);
    let magnetic_induction = MagneticInduction::from_tesla(0.5);

    println!("   Distance: {} m", distance.as_m());
    println!("   Velocity: {} m/s", velocity.as_m_per_sec());
    println!("   Force: {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   Torque: {} N·m", torque.as_nm());
    println!("   MagneticInduction: {} T", magnetic_induction.as_tesla());

    // 验证这些类型都实现了 VectorQuantity trait
    println!("\n2. 验证 VectorQuantity trait 实现:");
    
    // 这些函数调用会验证类型是否实现了 VectorQuantity trait
    check_vector_quantity(distance);
    check_vector_quantity(velocity);
    check_vector_quantity(force);
    check_vector_quantity(torque);
    check_vector_quantity(magnetic_induction);

    println!("   ✓ 所有物理量都正确实现了 VectorQuantity trait");

    // 创建 Vector3 实例来验证向量操作
    println!("\n3. 验证 Vector3 操作:");
    
    let distance_vector = Vector3::new(
        Distance::from_m(1.0),
        Distance::from_m(2.0),
        Distance::from_m(3.0)
    );
    
    let velocity_vector = Vector3::new(
        Velocity::from_m_per_sec(4.0),
        Velocity::from_m_per_sec(5.0),
        Velocity::from_m_per_sec(6.0)
    );

    println!("   Distance Vector: ({}, {}, {}) m", 
             distance_vector.x.as_m(), 
             distance_vector.y.as_m(), 
             distance_vector.z.as_m());
    
    println!("   Velocity Vector: ({}, {}, {}) m/s", 
             velocity_vector.x.as_m_per_sec(), 
             velocity_vector.y.as_m_per_sec(), 
             velocity_vector.z.as_m_per_sec());

    // 验证向量运算 - 只能对相同类型的向量进行运算
    let sum_distance = distance_vector + distance_vector;
    println!("   Sum Distance Vector: ({}, {}, {}) m", 
             sum_distance.x.as_m(), 
             sum_distance.y.as_m(), 
             sum_distance.z.as_m());

    println!("\n=== 验证完成 ===");
}

examples/example_vector_quantity_restriction.rs (line 20)

fn main() {
    println!("=== Vector3 类型约束验证示例 ===\n");

    // 1. 验证支持向量的物理量可以用于 Vector3
    println!("1. 支持向量的物理量可以用于 Vector3:");
    
    let distance_vector = Vector3::new(
        Distance::from_m(1.0),
        Distance::from_m(2.0),
        Distance::from_m(3.0)
    );
    println!("   ✓ Distance Vector: ({}, {}, {}) m", 
             distance_vector.x.as_m(), 
             distance_vector.y.as_m(), 
             distance_vector.z.as_m());

    let velocity_vector = Vector3::new(
        Velocity::from_m_per_sec(4.0),
        Velocity::from_m_per_sec(5.0),
        Velocity::from_m_per_sec(6.0)
    );
    println!("   ✓ Velocity Vector: ({}, {}, {}) m/s", 
             velocity_vector.x.as_m_per_sec(), 
             velocity_vector.y.as_m_per_sec(), 
             velocity_vector.z.as_m_per_sec());

    let force_vector = Vector3::new(
        Force::from_newton(10.0),
        Force::from_newton(20.0),
        Force::from_newton(30.0)
    );
    println!("   ✓ Force Vector: ({}, {}, {}) N", 
             force_vector.x.as_newton(), 
             force_vector.y.as_newton(), 
             force_vector.z.as_newton());

    // 2. 验证不支持向量的物理量无法用于 Vector3
    println!("\n2. 不支持向量的物理量无法用于 Vector3:");
    println!("   ✓ 以下代码会在编译时被拒绝:");
    println!("     let mass_vector = Vector3::new(");
    println!("         Mass::from_kg(1.0),");
    println!("         Mass::from_kg(2.0),");
    println!("         Mass::from_kg(3.0)");
    println!("     );");
    println!("\n   ✓ 以下代码会在编译时被拒绝:");
    println!("     let energy_vector = Vector3::new(");
    println!("         Energy::from_joule(1.0),");
    println!("         Energy::from_joule(2.0),");
    println!("         Energy::from_joule(3.0)");
    println!("     );");

    // 3. 列出所有支持向量的物理量
    println!("\n3. 支持向量的物理量列表:");
    println!("   ✓ Distance (距离/位移)");
    println!("   ✓ Velocity (速度)");
    println!("   ✓ Acceleration (加速度)");
    println!("   ✓ Angular (角度)");
    println!("   ✓ AngularVelocity (角速度)");
    println!("   ✓ AngularAcceleration (角加速度)");
    println!("   ✓ Coef (系数)");
    println!("   ✓ AngularMomentum (角动量)");
    println!("   ✓ Momentum (动量)");
    println!("   ✓ MagneticInduction (磁感应强度)");
    println!("   ✓ MagneticMoment (磁矩)");
    println!("   ✓ Torque (力矩)");
    println!("   ✓ Force (力)");
    println!("   ✓ MagneticAngularVelocity (磁角速度)");

    // 4. 列出不支持向量的物理量
    println!("\n4. 不支持向量的物理量列表:");
    println!("   ✗ Mass (质量)");
    println!("   ✗ Energy (能量)");
    println!("   ✗ Power (功率)");
    println!("   ✗ Volume (体积)");
    println!("   ✗ Area (面积)");
    println!("   ✗ Time (时间)");

    println!("\n=== 验证完成 ===");
    println!("Vector3 现在只能用于支持向量的物理量，这确保了类型安全！");
}

examples/example_energy.rs (line 80)

fn main() {
    println!("=== 能量物理量示例 ===\n");

    // 1. 创建不同单位的能量
    println!("1. 创建不同单位的能量:");
    let e1 = Energy::from_joule(1.0); // 1 J
    let e2 = Energy::from_mill_joule(1000.0); // 1000 mJ = 1 J
    let e3 = Energy::from_micro_joule(1e6); // 1e6 μJ = 1 J
    let e4 = Energy::from_nano_joule(1e9); // 1e9 nJ = 1 J
    let e5 = Energy::from_kilo_joule(1e-3); // 1e-3 kJ = 1 J
    let e6 = Energy::from_mega_joule(1e-6); // 1e-6 MJ = 1 J
    let e7 = Energy::from_electron_volt(1.0 / 1.602176634e-19); // 1 J
    let e8 = Energy::from_kilo_electron_volt(1.0 / 1.602176634e-16); // 1 J
    let e9 = Energy::from_mega_electron_volt(1.0 / 1.602176634e-13); // 1 J

    println!("   e1 = {} J", e1.as_joule());
    println!("   e2 = {} mJ = {} J", e2.as_mill_joule(), e2.as_joule());
    println!("   e3 = {} μJ = {} J", e3.as_micro_joule(), e3.as_joule());
    println!("   e4 = {} nJ = {} J", e4.as_nano_joule(), e4.as_joule());
    println!("   e5 = {} kJ = {} J", e5.as_kilo_joule(), e5.as_joule());
    println!("   e6 = {} MJ = {} J", e6.as_mega_joule(), e6.as_joule());
    println!("   e7 = {} eV = {} J", e7.as_electron_volt(), e7.as_joule());
    println!("   e8 = {} keV = {} J", e8.as_kilo_electron_volt(), e8.as_joule());
    println!("   e9 = {} MeV = {} J", e9.as_mega_electron_volt(), e9.as_joule());

    // 2. 单位转换
    println!("\n2. 单位转换:");
    println!("   1 J = {} mJ", e1.as_mill_joule());
    println!("   1 J = {} μJ", e1.as_micro_joule());
    println!("   1 J = {} nJ", e1.as_nano_joule());
    println!("   1 J = {} kJ", e1.as_kilo_joule());
    println!("   1 J = {} MJ", e1.as_mega_joule());
    println!("   1 J = {} eV", e1.as_electron_volt());
    println!("   1 J = {} keV", e1.as_kilo_electron_volt());
    println!("   1 J = {} MeV", e1.as_mega_electron_volt());

    // 3. 能量运算
    println!("\n3. 能量运算:");
    let e_sum = e1 + e2; // 1 J + 1 J = 2 J
    let e_diff = e_sum - e1; // 2 J - 1 J = 1 J
    let e_scale = e1 * 3.0; // 1 J * 3 = 3 J
    let e_div = e_scale / 2.0; // 3 J / 2 = 1.5 J

    println!("   e1 + e2 = {} J", e_sum.as_joule());
    println!("   e_sum - e1 = {} J", e_diff.as_joule());
    println!("   e1 * 3 = {} J", e_scale.as_joule());
    println!("   e_scale / 2 = {} J", e_div.as_joule());

    // 4. 不同单位之间的运算
    println!("\n4. 不同单位之间的运算:");
    let e_micro = Energy::from_micro_joule(1e6); // 1 J
    let e_mill = Energy::from_mill_joule(1000.0); // 1 J
    let e_result = e_micro + e_mill; // 1 J + 1 J = 2 J
    println!("   {} μJ + {} mJ = {} J", 
             e_micro.as_micro_joule(), 
             e_mill.as_mill_joule(), 
             e_result.as_joule());

    // 5. 标量与能量的运算
    println!("\n5. 标量与能量的运算:");
    let e_scaled = 5.0 * e1; // 5 × 1 J = 5 J
    let e_divided = 10.0 / e1; // 10 / 1 J = 10 J
    println!("   5.0 * {} J = {} J", e1.as_joule(), e_scaled.as_joule());
    println!("   10.0 / {} J = {} J", e1.as_joule(), e_divided.as_joule());

    // 6. 零值检查
    println!("\n6. 零值检查:");
    let e_zero = Energy::from_joule(0.0);
    let e_nonzero = Energy::from_joule(1.0);
    println!("   e_zero.is_zero() = {}", e_zero.is_zero());
    println!("   e_nonzero.is_zero() = {}", e_nonzero.is_zero());

    // 7. 实际应用示例
    println!("\n7. 实际应用示例:");
    
    // 动能计算
    let mass = Mass::from_kg(2.0); // 2 kg
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(3.0); // 3 m/s
    let kinetic_energy = Energy::from_joule(0.5 * mass.as_kg() * velocity.as_m_per_sec().powi(2));
    println!("   质量: {} kg", mass.as_kg());
    println!("   速度: {} m/s", velocity.as_m_per_sec());
    println!("   动能: {} J", kinetic_energy.as_joule());

    // 势能计算
    let mass = Mass::from_kg(1.0); // 1 kg
    let height = Distance::from_m(10.0); // 10 m
    let g = 9.81; // 重力加速度 m/s²
    let potential_energy = Energy::from_joule(mass.as_kg() * g * height.as_m());
    println!("   质量: {} kg", mass.as_kg());
    println!("   高度: {} m", height.as_m());
    println!("   势能: {} J", potential_energy.as_joule());

    // 电子伏特应用
    let photon_energy = Energy::from_electron_volt(2.5); // 2.5 eV
    println!("   光子能量: {} eV = {} J", 
             photon_energy.as_electron_volt(), 
             photon_energy.as_joule());

    let nuclear_energy = Energy::from_mega_electron_volt(1.0); // 1 MeV
    println!("   核能: {} MeV = {} J", 
             nuclear_energy.as_mega_electron_volt(), 
             nuclear_energy.as_joule());

    println!("\n=== 示例完成 ===");
}

examples/example_new_operations.rs (line 25)

fn main() {
    println!("=== 新增物理量运算关系示例 ===\n");

    // 1. 能量 ÷ 时间 = 功率
    println!("1. 能量 ÷ 时间 = 功率");
    let energy = Energy::from_joule(1000.0); // 1000 J
    let time = TimeDelta::seconds(10); // 10 s
    let power: Power = energy / time; // 100 W
    println!("   1000 J ÷ 10 s = {} W", power.as_watt());
    println!("   验证: {} W × 10 s = {} J\n", power.as_watt(), (power * time).as_joule());

    // 2. 力矩 ÷ 距离 = 力
    println!("2. 力矩 ÷ 距离 = 力");
    let torque = Torque::from_nm(50.0); // 50 N·m
    let distance = Distance::from_m(5.0); // 5 m
    let force: Force = torque / distance; // 10 N
    println!("   50 N·m ÷ 5 m = {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   验证: {} N × 5 m = {} J\n", force.as_newton(), (force * distance).as_joule());

    // 3. 速度 ÷ 加速度 = 时间
    println!("3. 速度 ÷ 加速度 = 时间");
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(20.0); // 20 m/s
    let acceleration = Acceleration::from_m_per_s2(4.0); // 4 m/s²
    let time = velocity / acceleration; // 5 s
    println!("   20 m/s ÷ 4 m/s² = {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   验证: 4 m/s² × {} s = {} m/s\n", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time), (acceleration * time).as_m_per_sec());

    // 4. 距离 ÷ 速度 = 时间
    println!("4. 距离 ÷ 速度 = 时间");
    let distance = Distance::from_m(200.0); // 200 m
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(25.0); // 25 m/s
    let time = distance / velocity; // 8 s
    println!("   200 m ÷ 25 m/s = {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   验证: 25 m/s × {} s = {} m\n", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time), (velocity * time).as_m());

    // 5. 功率 ÷ 力 = 速度
    println!("5. 功率 ÷ 力 = 速度");
    let power = Power::from_watt(300.0); // 300 W
    let force = Force::from_newton(15.0); // 15 N
    let velocity: Velocity = power / force; // 20 m/s
    println!("   300 W ÷ 15 N = {} m/s", velocity.as_m_per_sec());
    println!("   验证: 15 N × {} m/s = {} W\n", velocity.as_m_per_sec(), (force * velocity).as_watt());

    // 6. 功率 ÷ 速度 = 力
    println!("6. 功率 ÷ 速度 = 力");
    let power = Power::from_watt(400.0); // 400 W
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(16.0); // 16 m/s
    let force: Force = power / velocity; // 25 N
    println!("   400 W ÷ 16 m/s = {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   验证: {} N × 16 m/s = {} W\n", force.as_newton(), (force * velocity).as_watt());

    // 7. 角速度 ÷ 角加速度 = 时间
    println!("7. 角速度 ÷ 角加速度 = 时间");
    let omega = AngularVelocity::from_rad_per_second(12.0); // 12 rad/s
    let alpha = AngularAcceleration::from_rad_per_second2(3.0); // 3 rad/s²
    let time = omega / alpha; // 4 s
    println!("   12 rad/s ÷ 3 rad/s² = {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   验证: 3 rad/s² × {} s = {} rad/s\n", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time), (alpha * time).as_rad_per_second());

    // 实际应用示例
    println!("=== 实际应用示例 ===");
    
    // 汽车制动距离计算
    println!("\n汽车制动距离计算:");
    let initial_velocity = Velocity::from_km_per_h(60.0); // 60 km/h
    let deceleration = Acceleration::from_m_per_s2(5.0); // 5 m/s²
    let braking_time = initial_velocity / deceleration; // 制动时间
    let braking_distance = initial_velocity * braking_time; // 制动距离
    println!("   初始速度: {} km/h", initial_velocity.as_km_per_h());
    println!("   减速度: {} m/s²", deceleration.as_m_per_s2());
    println!("   制动时间: {:.2} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&braking_time));
    println!("   制动距离: {:.2} m", braking_distance.as_m());

    // 电机功率计算
    println!("\n电机功率计算:");
    let torque = Torque::from_nm(100.0); // 100 N·m
    let angular_velocity = AngularVelocity::from_rad_per_second(50.0); // 50 rad/s
    let power: Power = torque * angular_velocity; // 5000 W
    println!("   扭矩: {} N·m", torque.as_nm());
    println!("   角速度: {} rad/s", angular_velocity.as_rad_per_second());
    println!("   功率: {:.1} W ({:.2} kW)", power.as_watt(), power.as_kilo_watt());

    // 杠杆原理验证
    println!("\n杠杆原理验证:");
    let force = Force::from_newton(20.0); // 20 N
    let lever_arm = Distance::from_m(3.0); // 3 m
    let energy = force * lever_arm; // 60 J
    let calculated_force: Force = energy / lever_arm; // 20 N
    println!("   力: {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   力臂: {} m", lever_arm.as_m());
    println!("   功: {} J", energy.as_joule());
    println!("   验证力: {} N", calculated_force.as_newton());

    println!("\n=== 示例完成 ===");
}

examples/example_power.rs (line 67)

fn main() {
    println!("=== 功率物理量示例 ===\n");

    // 1. 创建不同单位的功率
    println!("1. 创建不同单位的功率:");
    let p1 = Power::from_watt(1.0); // 1 W
    let p2 = Power::from_mill_watt(1000.0); // 1000 mW = 1 W
    let p3 = Power::from_micro_watt(1000000.0); // 1000000 μW = 1 W
    let p4 = Power::from_nano_watt(1000000000.0); // 1000000000 nW = 1 W
    let p5 = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.001); // 0.001 kW = 1 W
    let p6 = Power::from_mega_watt(0.000001); // 0.000001 MW = 1 W
    let p7 = Power::from_horse_power(1.0 / 745.7); // 1/745.7 hp ≈ 1 W

    println!("   p1 = {} W", p1.as_watt());
    println!("   p2 = {} mW = {} W", p2.as_mill_watt(), p2.as_watt());
    println!("   p3 = {} μW = {} W", p3.as_micro_watt(), p3.as_watt());
    println!("   p4 = {} nW = {} W", p4.as_nano_watt(), p4.as_watt());
    println!("   p5 = {} kW = {} W", p5.as_kilo_watt(), p5.as_watt());
    println!("   p6 = {} MW = {} W", p6.as_mega_watt(), p6.as_watt());
    println!("   p7 = {} hp = {} W", p7.as_horse_power(), p7.as_watt());

    // 2. 单位转换
    println!("\n2. 单位转换:");
    println!("   1 W = {} mW", p1.as_mill_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} μW", p1.as_micro_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} nW", p1.as_nano_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} kW", p1.as_kilo_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} MW", p1.as_mega_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} hp", p1.as_horse_power());

    // 3. 功率的运算
    println!("\n3. 功率的运算:");
    let p_sum = p1 + p2; // 1 W + 1 W = 2 W
    let p_diff = p_sum - p1; // 2 W - 1 W = 1 W
    let p_scale = p1 * 3.0; // 1 W * 3 = 3 W
    let p_div = p_scale / 2.0; // 3 W / 2 = 1.5 W

    println!("   p1 + p2 = {} W", p_sum.as_watt());
    println!("   p_sum - p1 = {} W", p_diff.as_watt());
    println!("   p1 * 3 = {} W", p_scale.as_watt());
    println!("   p_scale / 2 = {} W", p_div.as_watt());

    // 4. 功率与时间的乘积（得到能量）
    println!("\n4. 功率与时间的乘积（得到能量）:");
    let power = Power::from_watt(100.0); // 100 W
    let time = TimeDelta::seconds(5); // 5 s
    let energy: Energy = power * time; // 500 J

    println!("   功率: {} W", power.as_watt());
    println!("   时间: {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   能量: {} J", energy.as_joule());
    println!("   验证: 100 W × 5 s = 500 J ✓");

    // 5. 时间与功率的乘积（满足交换律）
    println!("\n5. 时间与功率的乘积（满足交换律）:");
    let energy2: Energy = time * power; // 同样是 500 J
    println!("   时间 × 功率 = {} J", energy2.as_joule());
    println!("   验证: 5 s × 100 W = 500 J ✓");

    // 6. 力与速度的乘积（得到功率）
    println!("\n6. 力与速度的乘积（得到功率）:");
    let force = Force::from_newton(10.0); // 10 N
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(5.0); // 5 m/s
    let power_from_fv: Power = force * velocity; // 50 W

    println!("   力: {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   速度: {} m/s", velocity.as_m_per_sec());
    println!("   功率: {} W", power_from_fv.as_watt());
    println!("   验证: 10 N × 5 m/s = 50 W ✓");

    // 7. 速度与力的乘积（满足交换律）
    println!("\n7. 速度与力的乘积（满足交换律）:");
    let power_from_vf: Power = velocity * force; // 同样是 50 W
    println!("   速度 × 力 = {} W", power_from_vf.as_watt());
    println!("   验证: 5 m/s × 10 N = 50 W ✓");

    // 8. 不同单位之间的运算
    println!("\n8. 不同单位之间的运算:");
    let p_micro = Power::from_micro_watt(1000000.0); // 1 W
    let p_kilo = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.001);       // 1 W
    let p_result = p_micro + p_kilo; // 1 W + 1 W = 2 W
    println!("   {} μW + {} kW = {} W",
             p_micro.as_micro_watt(),
             p_kilo.as_kilo_watt(),
             p_result.as_watt());

    // 9. 马力转换
    println!("\n9. 马力转换:");
    let hp = Power::from_horse_power(1.0); // 1 hp
    println!("   1 hp = {} W", hp.as_watt());
    
    let watt = Power::from_watt(745.7); // 745.7 W
    println!("   745.7 W = {} hp", watt.as_horse_power());

    // 10. 零值检查
    println!("\n10. 零值检查:");
    let p_zero = Power::from_watt(0.0);
    let p_nonzero = Power::from_watt(1.0);
    println!("   p_zero.is_zero() = {}", p_zero.is_zero());
    println!("   p_nonzero.is_zero() = {}", p_nonzero.is_zero());

    // 11. 实际应用示例
    println!("\n11. 实际应用示例:");
    
    // 电灯泡功率
    let lightbulb = Power::from_watt(60.0); // 60 W灯泡
    let usage_time = TimeDelta::seconds(3600); // 1小时
    let energy_consumed: Energy = lightbulb * usage_time; // 216 kJ
    println!("   60W灯泡使用1小时消耗: {} kJ", energy_consumed.as_kilo_joule());

    // 汽车发动机功率
    let engine = Power::from_horse_power(200.0); // 200 hp发动机
    println!("   200 hp发动机 = {} kW", engine.as_kilo_watt());
    
    // 风力发电机
    let wind_turbine = Power::from_mega_watt(2.0); // 2 MW风力发电机
    println!("   2 MW风力发电机 = {} hp", wind_turbine.as_horse_power());

    // 12. 功率与时间的复杂计算
    println!("\n12. 功率与时间的复杂计算:");
    
    // 不同功率设备的使用
    let tv = Power::from_watt(100.0); // 100 W电视
    let tv_time = TimeDelta::seconds(7200); // 2小时
    
    let computer = Power::from_watt(300.0); // 300 W电脑
    let computer_time = TimeDelta::seconds(3600); // 1小时
    
    let total_energy: Energy = tv * tv_time + computer * computer_time;
    println!("   电视2小时 + 电脑1小时 = {} kWh", total_energy.as_kilo_joule() / 3600.0);

    // 13. 机械功率计算
    println!("\n13. 机械功率计算:");
    
    // 电梯功率
    let elevator_force = Force::from_kilo_newton(10.0); // 10 kN
    let elevator_speed = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(2.0); // 2 m/s
    let elevator_power: Power = elevator_force * elevator_speed; // 20 kW
    println!("   电梯功率: {} kN × {} m/s = {} kW", 
             elevator_force.as_kilo_newton(), 
             elevator_speed.as_m_per_sec(), 
             elevator_power.as_kilo_watt());

    // 汽车牵引功率
    let car_force = Force::from_newton(2000.0); // 2000 N牵引力
    let car_speed = Velocity::from_km_per_h(80.0); // 80 km/h
    let car_power: Power = car_force * car_speed; // 约44.4 kW
    println!("   汽车牵引功率: {} N × {} km/h = {} kW", 
             car_force.as_newton(), 
             car_speed.as_km_per_h(), 
             car_power.as_kilo_watt());

    println!("\n=== 示例完成 ===");
}

pub fn from_light_speed(v: f64) -> Self

pub fn from_km_per_h(v: f64) -> Self

Examples found in repository

examples/example_new_operations.rs (line 68)

fn main() {
    println!("=== 新增物理量运算关系示例 ===\n");

    // 1. 能量 ÷ 时间 = 功率
    println!("1. 能量 ÷ 时间 = 功率");
    let energy = Energy::from_joule(1000.0); // 1000 J
    let time = TimeDelta::seconds(10); // 10 s
    let power: Power = energy / time; // 100 W
    println!("   1000 J ÷ 10 s = {} W", power.as_watt());
    println!("   验证: {} W × 10 s = {} J\n", power.as_watt(), (power * time).as_joule());

    // 2. 力矩 ÷ 距离 = 力
    println!("2. 力矩 ÷ 距离 = 力");
    let torque = Torque::from_nm(50.0); // 50 N·m
    let distance = Distance::from_m(5.0); // 5 m
    let force: Force = torque / distance; // 10 N
    println!("   50 N·m ÷ 5 m = {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   验证: {} N × 5 m = {} J\n", force.as_newton(), (force * distance).as_joule());

    // 3. 速度 ÷ 加速度 = 时间
    println!("3. 速度 ÷ 加速度 = 时间");
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(20.0); // 20 m/s
    let acceleration = Acceleration::from_m_per_s2(4.0); // 4 m/s²
    let time = velocity / acceleration; // 5 s
    println!("   20 m/s ÷ 4 m/s² = {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   验证: 4 m/s² × {} s = {} m/s\n", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time), (acceleration * time).as_m_per_sec());

    // 4. 距离 ÷ 速度 = 时间
    println!("4. 距离 ÷ 速度 = 时间");
    let distance = Distance::from_m(200.0); // 200 m
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(25.0); // 25 m/s
    let time = distance / velocity; // 8 s
    println!("   200 m ÷ 25 m/s = {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   验证: 25 m/s × {} s = {} m\n", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time), (velocity * time).as_m());

    // 5. 功率 ÷ 力 = 速度
    println!("5. 功率 ÷ 力 = 速度");
    let power = Power::from_watt(300.0); // 300 W
    let force = Force::from_newton(15.0); // 15 N
    let velocity: Velocity = power / force; // 20 m/s
    println!("   300 W ÷ 15 N = {} m/s", velocity.as_m_per_sec());
    println!("   验证: 15 N × {} m/s = {} W\n", velocity.as_m_per_sec(), (force * velocity).as_watt());

    // 6. 功率 ÷ 速度 = 力
    println!("6. 功率 ÷ 速度 = 力");
    let power = Power::from_watt(400.0); // 400 W
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(16.0); // 16 m/s
    let force: Force = power / velocity; // 25 N
    println!("   400 W ÷ 16 m/s = {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   验证: {} N × 16 m/s = {} W\n", force.as_newton(), (force * velocity).as_watt());

    // 7. 角速度 ÷ 角加速度 = 时间
    println!("7. 角速度 ÷ 角加速度 = 时间");
    let omega = AngularVelocity::from_rad_per_second(12.0); // 12 rad/s
    let alpha = AngularAcceleration::from_rad_per_second2(3.0); // 3 rad/s²
    let time = omega / alpha; // 4 s
    println!("   12 rad/s ÷ 3 rad/s² = {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   验证: 3 rad/s² × {} s = {} rad/s\n", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time), (alpha * time).as_rad_per_second());

    // 实际应用示例
    println!("=== 实际应用示例 ===");
    
    // 汽车制动距离计算
    println!("\n汽车制动距离计算:");
    let initial_velocity = Velocity::from_km_per_h(60.0); // 60 km/h
    let deceleration = Acceleration::from_m_per_s2(5.0); // 5 m/s²
    let braking_time = initial_velocity / deceleration; // 制动时间
    let braking_distance = initial_velocity * braking_time; // 制动距离
    println!("   初始速度: {} km/h", initial_velocity.as_km_per_h());
    println!("   减速度: {} m/s²", deceleration.as_m_per_s2());
    println!("   制动时间: {:.2} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&braking_time));
    println!("   制动距离: {:.2} m", braking_distance.as_m());

    // 电机功率计算
    println!("\n电机功率计算:");
    let torque = Torque::from_nm(100.0); // 100 N·m
    let angular_velocity = AngularVelocity::from_rad_per_second(50.0); // 50 rad/s
    let power: Power = torque * angular_velocity; // 5000 W
    println!("   扭矩: {} N·m", torque.as_nm());
    println!("   角速度: {} rad/s", angular_velocity.as_rad_per_second());
    println!("   功率: {:.1} W ({:.2} kW)", power.as_watt(), power.as_kilo_watt());

    // 杠杆原理验证
    println!("\n杠杆原理验证:");
    let force = Force::from_newton(20.0); // 20 N
    let lever_arm = Distance::from_m(3.0); // 3 m
    let energy = force * lever_arm; // 60 J
    let calculated_force: Force = energy / lever_arm; // 20 N
    println!("   力: {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   力臂: {} m", lever_arm.as_m());
    println!("   功: {} J", energy.as_joule());
    println!("   验证力: {} N", calculated_force.as_newton());

    println!("\n=== 示例完成 ===");
}

examples/example_power.rs (line 150)

fn main() {
    println!("=== 功率物理量示例 ===\n");

    // 1. 创建不同单位的功率
    println!("1. 创建不同单位的功率:");
    let p1 = Power::from_watt(1.0); // 1 W
    let p2 = Power::from_mill_watt(1000.0); // 1000 mW = 1 W
    let p3 = Power::from_micro_watt(1000000.0); // 1000000 μW = 1 W
    let p4 = Power::from_nano_watt(1000000000.0); // 1000000000 nW = 1 W
    let p5 = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.001); // 0.001 kW = 1 W
    let p6 = Power::from_mega_watt(0.000001); // 0.000001 MW = 1 W
    let p7 = Power::from_horse_power(1.0 / 745.7); // 1/745.7 hp ≈ 1 W

    println!("   p1 = {} W", p1.as_watt());
    println!("   p2 = {} mW = {} W", p2.as_mill_watt(), p2.as_watt());
    println!("   p3 = {} μW = {} W", p3.as_micro_watt(), p3.as_watt());
    println!("   p4 = {} nW = {} W", p4.as_nano_watt(), p4.as_watt());
    println!("   p5 = {} kW = {} W", p5.as_kilo_watt(), p5.as_watt());
    println!("   p6 = {} MW = {} W", p6.as_mega_watt(), p6.as_watt());
    println!("   p7 = {} hp = {} W", p7.as_horse_power(), p7.as_watt());

    // 2. 单位转换
    println!("\n2. 单位转换:");
    println!("   1 W = {} mW", p1.as_mill_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} μW", p1.as_micro_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} nW", p1.as_nano_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} kW", p1.as_kilo_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} MW", p1.as_mega_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} hp", p1.as_horse_power());

    // 3. 功率的运算
    println!("\n3. 功率的运算:");
    let p_sum = p1 + p2; // 1 W + 1 W = 2 W
    let p_diff = p_sum - p1; // 2 W - 1 W = 1 W
    let p_scale = p1 * 3.0; // 1 W * 3 = 3 W
    let p_div = p_scale / 2.0; // 3 W / 2 = 1.5 W

    println!("   p1 + p2 = {} W", p_sum.as_watt());
    println!("   p_sum - p1 = {} W", p_diff.as_watt());
    println!("   p1 * 3 = {} W", p_scale.as_watt());
    println!("   p_scale / 2 = {} W", p_div.as_watt());

    // 4. 功率与时间的乘积（得到能量）
    println!("\n4. 功率与时间的乘积（得到能量）:");
    let power = Power::from_watt(100.0); // 100 W
    let time = TimeDelta::seconds(5); // 5 s
    let energy: Energy = power * time; // 500 J

    println!("   功率: {} W", power.as_watt());
    println!("   时间: {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   能量: {} J", energy.as_joule());
    println!("   验证: 100 W × 5 s = 500 J ✓");

    // 5. 时间与功率的乘积（满足交换律）
    println!("\n5. 时间与功率的乘积（满足交换律）:");
    let energy2: Energy = time * power; // 同样是 500 J
    println!("   时间 × 功率 = {} J", energy2.as_joule());
    println!("   验证: 5 s × 100 W = 500 J ✓");

    // 6. 力与速度的乘积（得到功率）
    println!("\n6. 力与速度的乘积（得到功率）:");
    let force = Force::from_newton(10.0); // 10 N
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(5.0); // 5 m/s
    let power_from_fv: Power = force * velocity; // 50 W

    println!("   力: {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   速度: {} m/s", velocity.as_m_per_sec());
    println!("   功率: {} W", power_from_fv.as_watt());
    println!("   验证: 10 N × 5 m/s = 50 W ✓");

    // 7. 速度与力的乘积（满足交换律）
    println!("\n7. 速度与力的乘积（满足交换律）:");
    let power_from_vf: Power = velocity * force; // 同样是 50 W
    println!("   速度 × 力 = {} W", power_from_vf.as_watt());
    println!("   验证: 5 m/s × 10 N = 50 W ✓");

    // 8. 不同单位之间的运算
    println!("\n8. 不同单位之间的运算:");
    let p_micro = Power::from_micro_watt(1000000.0); // 1 W
    let p_kilo = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.001);       // 1 W
    let p_result = p_micro + p_kilo; // 1 W + 1 W = 2 W
    println!("   {} μW + {} kW = {} W",
             p_micro.as_micro_watt(),
             p_kilo.as_kilo_watt(),
             p_result.as_watt());

    // 9. 马力转换
    println!("\n9. 马力转换:");
    let hp = Power::from_horse_power(1.0); // 1 hp
    println!("   1 hp = {} W", hp.as_watt());
    
    let watt = Power::from_watt(745.7); // 745.7 W
    println!("   745.7 W = {} hp", watt.as_horse_power());

    // 10. 零值检查
    println!("\n10. 零值检查:");
    let p_zero = Power::from_watt(0.0);
    let p_nonzero = Power::from_watt(1.0);
    println!("   p_zero.is_zero() = {}", p_zero.is_zero());
    println!("   p_nonzero.is_zero() = {}", p_nonzero.is_zero());

    // 11. 实际应用示例
    println!("\n11. 实际应用示例:");
    
    // 电灯泡功率
    let lightbulb = Power::from_watt(60.0); // 60 W灯泡
    let usage_time = TimeDelta::seconds(3600); // 1小时
    let energy_consumed: Energy = lightbulb * usage_time; // 216 kJ
    println!("   60W灯泡使用1小时消耗: {} kJ", energy_consumed.as_kilo_joule());

    // 汽车发动机功率
    let engine = Power::from_horse_power(200.0); // 200 hp发动机
    println!("   200 hp发动机 = {} kW", engine.as_kilo_watt());
    
    // 风力发电机
    let wind_turbine = Power::from_mega_watt(2.0); // 2 MW风力发电机
    println!("   2 MW风力发电机 = {} hp", wind_turbine.as_horse_power());

    // 12. 功率与时间的复杂计算
    println!("\n12. 功率与时间的复杂计算:");
    
    // 不同功率设备的使用
    let tv = Power::from_watt(100.0); // 100 W电视
    let tv_time = TimeDelta::seconds(7200); // 2小时
    
    let computer = Power::from_watt(300.0); // 300 W电脑
    let computer_time = TimeDelta::seconds(3600); // 1小时
    
    let total_energy: Energy = tv * tv_time + computer * computer_time;
    println!("   电视2小时 + 电脑1小时 = {} kWh", total_energy.as_kilo_joule() / 3600.0);

    // 13. 机械功率计算
    println!("\n13. 机械功率计算:");
    
    // 电梯功率
    let elevator_force = Force::from_kilo_newton(10.0); // 10 kN
    let elevator_speed = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(2.0); // 2 m/s
    let elevator_power: Power = elevator_force * elevator_speed; // 20 kW
    println!("   电梯功率: {} kN × {} m/s = {} kW", 
             elevator_force.as_kilo_newton(), 
             elevator_speed.as_m_per_sec(), 
             elevator_power.as_kilo_watt());

    // 汽车牵引功率
    let car_force = Force::from_newton(2000.0); // 2000 N牵引力
    let car_speed = Velocity::from_km_per_h(80.0); // 80 km/h
    let car_power: Power = car_force * car_speed; // 约44.4 kW
    println!("   汽车牵引功率: {} N × {} km/h = {} kW", 
             car_force.as_newton(), 
             car_speed.as_km_per_h(), 
             car_power.as_kilo_watt());

    println!("\n=== 示例完成 ===");
}

pub fn from_km_per_sec(v: f64) -> Self

pub fn as_m_per_sec(&self) -> f64

Examples found in repository

examples/example_physics.rs (line 24)

fn calculate() {
    let distance = Distance::from_m(1000.0);
    let time = TimeDelta::seconds(10);
    let velocity: Velocity = distance / time;
    let acc: Acceleration = velocity / time;
    println!("速度: {} m/s, 加速度: {} m/s²", velocity.as_m_per_sec(), acc.as_m_per_s2());

    let ang: Angular = Angular::from_deg(180.0);
    let time = TimeDelta::seconds(10);
    let omg: AngularVelocity = ang / time;
    let angular_accel: AngularAcceleration = omg / time;
    println!(
        "角速度: {} rad/s, 角加速度: {} rad/s²",
        omg.as_rad_per_second(),
        angular_accel.as_rad_per_second2()
    );

    let dis: Distance = Distance::from_m(1000.0);
    let area: Area = dis * dis;
    println!("面积: {} m²", area.as_m2());
}

examples/example_vector_quantity.rs (line 17)

fn main() {
    println!("=== VectorQuantity Trait 验证示例 ===\n");

    // 验证支持向量的物理量
    println!("1. 验证支持向量的物理量:");
    
    // 创建一些支持向量的物理量
    let distance = Distance::from_m(10.0);
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(5.0);
    let force = Force::from_newton(20.0);
    let torque = Torque::from_nm(15.0);
    let magnetic_induction = MagneticInduction::from_tesla(0.5);

    println!("   Distance: {} m", distance.as_m());
    println!("   Velocity: {} m/s", velocity.as_m_per_sec());
    println!("   Force: {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   Torque: {} N·m", torque.as_nm());
    println!("   MagneticInduction: {} T", magnetic_induction.as_tesla());

    // 验证这些类型都实现了 VectorQuantity trait
    println!("\n2. 验证 VectorQuantity trait 实现:");
    
    // 这些函数调用会验证类型是否实现了 VectorQuantity trait
    check_vector_quantity(distance);
    check_vector_quantity(velocity);
    check_vector_quantity(force);
    check_vector_quantity(torque);
    check_vector_quantity(magnetic_induction);

    println!("   ✓ 所有物理量都正确实现了 VectorQuantity trait");

    // 创建 Vector3 实例来验证向量操作
    println!("\n3. 验证 Vector3 操作:");
    
    let distance_vector = Vector3::new(
        Distance::from_m(1.0),
        Distance::from_m(2.0),
        Distance::from_m(3.0)
    );
    
    let velocity_vector = Vector3::new(
        Velocity::from_m_per_sec(4.0),
        Velocity::from_m_per_sec(5.0),
        Velocity::from_m_per_sec(6.0)
    );

    println!("   Distance Vector: ({}, {}, {}) m", 
             distance_vector.x.as_m(), 
             distance_vector.y.as_m(), 
             distance_vector.z.as_m());
    
    println!("   Velocity Vector: ({}, {}, {}) m/s", 
             velocity_vector.x.as_m_per_sec(), 
             velocity_vector.y.as_m_per_sec(), 
             velocity_vector.z.as_m_per_sec());

    // 验证向量运算 - 只能对相同类型的向量进行运算
    let sum_distance = distance_vector + distance_vector;
    println!("   Sum Distance Vector: ({}, {}, {}) m", 
             sum_distance.x.as_m(), 
             sum_distance.y.as_m(), 
             sum_distance.z.as_m());

    println!("\n=== 验证完成 ===");
}

examples/example_vector_quantity_restriction.rs (line 25)

fn main() {
    println!("=== Vector3 类型约束验证示例 ===\n");

    // 1. 验证支持向量的物理量可以用于 Vector3
    println!("1. 支持向量的物理量可以用于 Vector3:");
    
    let distance_vector = Vector3::new(
        Distance::from_m(1.0),
        Distance::from_m(2.0),
        Distance::from_m(3.0)
    );
    println!("   ✓ Distance Vector: ({}, {}, {}) m", 
             distance_vector.x.as_m(), 
             distance_vector.y.as_m(), 
             distance_vector.z.as_m());

    let velocity_vector = Vector3::new(
        Velocity::from_m_per_sec(4.0),
        Velocity::from_m_per_sec(5.0),
        Velocity::from_m_per_sec(6.0)
    );
    println!("   ✓ Velocity Vector: ({}, {}, {}) m/s", 
             velocity_vector.x.as_m_per_sec(), 
             velocity_vector.y.as_m_per_sec(), 
             velocity_vector.z.as_m_per_sec());

    let force_vector = Vector3::new(
        Force::from_newton(10.0),
        Force::from_newton(20.0),
        Force::from_newton(30.0)
    );
    println!("   ✓ Force Vector: ({}, {}, {}) N", 
             force_vector.x.as_newton(), 
             force_vector.y.as_newton(), 
             force_vector.z.as_newton());

    // 2. 验证不支持向量的物理量无法用于 Vector3
    println!("\n2. 不支持向量的物理量无法用于 Vector3:");
    println!("   ✓ 以下代码会在编译时被拒绝:");
    println!("     let mass_vector = Vector3::new(");
    println!("         Mass::from_kg(1.0),");
    println!("         Mass::from_kg(2.0),");
    println!("         Mass::from_kg(3.0)");
    println!("     );");
    println!("\n   ✓ 以下代码会在编译时被拒绝:");
    println!("     let energy_vector = Vector3::new(");
    println!("         Energy::from_joule(1.0),");
    println!("         Energy::from_joule(2.0),");
    println!("         Energy::from_joule(3.0)");
    println!("     );");

    // 3. 列出所有支持向量的物理量
    println!("\n3. 支持向量的物理量列表:");
    println!("   ✓ Distance (距离/位移)");
    println!("   ✓ Velocity (速度)");
    println!("   ✓ Acceleration (加速度)");
    println!("   ✓ Angular (角度)");
    println!("   ✓ AngularVelocity (角速度)");
    println!("   ✓ AngularAcceleration (角加速度)");
    println!("   ✓ Coef (系数)");
    println!("   ✓ AngularMomentum (角动量)");
    println!("   ✓ Momentum (动量)");
    println!("   ✓ MagneticInduction (磁感应强度)");
    println!("   ✓ MagneticMoment (磁矩)");
    println!("   ✓ Torque (力矩)");
    println!("   ✓ Force (力)");
    println!("   ✓ MagneticAngularVelocity (磁角速度)");

    // 4. 列出不支持向量的物理量
    println!("\n4. 不支持向量的物理量列表:");
    println!("   ✗ Mass (质量)");
    println!("   ✗ Energy (能量)");
    println!("   ✗ Power (功率)");
    println!("   ✗ Volume (体积)");
    println!("   ✗ Area (面积)");
    println!("   ✗ Time (时间)");

    println!("\n=== 验证完成 ===");
    println!("Vector3 现在只能用于支持向量的物理量，这确保了类型安全！");
}

examples/example_energy.rs (line 81)

fn main() {
    println!("=== 能量物理量示例 ===\n");

    // 1. 创建不同单位的能量
    println!("1. 创建不同单位的能量:");
    let e1 = Energy::from_joule(1.0); // 1 J
    let e2 = Energy::from_mill_joule(1000.0); // 1000 mJ = 1 J
    let e3 = Energy::from_micro_joule(1e6); // 1e6 μJ = 1 J
    let e4 = Energy::from_nano_joule(1e9); // 1e9 nJ = 1 J
    let e5 = Energy::from_kilo_joule(1e-3); // 1e-3 kJ = 1 J
    let e6 = Energy::from_mega_joule(1e-6); // 1e-6 MJ = 1 J
    let e7 = Energy::from_electron_volt(1.0 / 1.602176634e-19); // 1 J
    let e8 = Energy::from_kilo_electron_volt(1.0 / 1.602176634e-16); // 1 J
    let e9 = Energy::from_mega_electron_volt(1.0 / 1.602176634e-13); // 1 J

    println!("   e1 = {} J", e1.as_joule());
    println!("   e2 = {} mJ = {} J", e2.as_mill_joule(), e2.as_joule());
    println!("   e3 = {} μJ = {} J", e3.as_micro_joule(), e3.as_joule());
    println!("   e4 = {} nJ = {} J", e4.as_nano_joule(), e4.as_joule());
    println!("   e5 = {} kJ = {} J", e5.as_kilo_joule(), e5.as_joule());
    println!("   e6 = {} MJ = {} J", e6.as_mega_joule(), e6.as_joule());
    println!("   e7 = {} eV = {} J", e7.as_electron_volt(), e7.as_joule());
    println!("   e8 = {} keV = {} J", e8.as_kilo_electron_volt(), e8.as_joule());
    println!("   e9 = {} MeV = {} J", e9.as_mega_electron_volt(), e9.as_joule());

    // 2. 单位转换
    println!("\n2. 单位转换:");
    println!("   1 J = {} mJ", e1.as_mill_joule());
    println!("   1 J = {} μJ", e1.as_micro_joule());
    println!("   1 J = {} nJ", e1.as_nano_joule());
    println!("   1 J = {} kJ", e1.as_kilo_joule());
    println!("   1 J = {} MJ", e1.as_mega_joule());
    println!("   1 J = {} eV", e1.as_electron_volt());
    println!("   1 J = {} keV", e1.as_kilo_electron_volt());
    println!("   1 J = {} MeV", e1.as_mega_electron_volt());

    // 3. 能量运算
    println!("\n3. 能量运算:");
    let e_sum = e1 + e2; // 1 J + 1 J = 2 J
    let e_diff = e_sum - e1; // 2 J - 1 J = 1 J
    let e_scale = e1 * 3.0; // 1 J * 3 = 3 J
    let e_div = e_scale / 2.0; // 3 J / 2 = 1.5 J

    println!("   e1 + e2 = {} J", e_sum.as_joule());
    println!("   e_sum - e1 = {} J", e_diff.as_joule());
    println!("   e1 * 3 = {} J", e_scale.as_joule());
    println!("   e_scale / 2 = {} J", e_div.as_joule());

    // 4. 不同单位之间的运算
    println!("\n4. 不同单位之间的运算:");
    let e_micro = Energy::from_micro_joule(1e6); // 1 J
    let e_mill = Energy::from_mill_joule(1000.0); // 1 J
    let e_result = e_micro + e_mill; // 1 J + 1 J = 2 J
    println!("   {} μJ + {} mJ = {} J", 
             e_micro.as_micro_joule(), 
             e_mill.as_mill_joule(), 
             e_result.as_joule());

    // 5. 标量与能量的运算
    println!("\n5. 标量与能量的运算:");
    let e_scaled = 5.0 * e1; // 5 × 1 J = 5 J
    let e_divided = 10.0 / e1; // 10 / 1 J = 10 J
    println!("   5.0 * {} J = {} J", e1.as_joule(), e_scaled.as_joule());
    println!("   10.0 / {} J = {} J", e1.as_joule(), e_divided.as_joule());

    // 6. 零值检查
    println!("\n6. 零值检查:");
    let e_zero = Energy::from_joule(0.0);
    let e_nonzero = Energy::from_joule(1.0);
    println!("   e_zero.is_zero() = {}", e_zero.is_zero());
    println!("   e_nonzero.is_zero() = {}", e_nonzero.is_zero());

    // 7. 实际应用示例
    println!("\n7. 实际应用示例:");
    
    // 动能计算
    let mass = Mass::from_kg(2.0); // 2 kg
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(3.0); // 3 m/s
    let kinetic_energy = Energy::from_joule(0.5 * mass.as_kg() * velocity.as_m_per_sec().powi(2));
    println!("   质量: {} kg", mass.as_kg());
    println!("   速度: {} m/s", velocity.as_m_per_sec());
    println!("   动能: {} J", kinetic_energy.as_joule());

    // 势能计算
    let mass = Mass::from_kg(1.0); // 1 kg
    let height = Distance::from_m(10.0); // 10 m
    let g = 9.81; // 重力加速度 m/s²
    let potential_energy = Energy::from_joule(mass.as_kg() * g * height.as_m());
    println!("   质量: {} kg", mass.as_kg());
    println!("   高度: {} m", height.as_m());
    println!("   势能: {} J", potential_energy.as_joule());

    // 电子伏特应用
    let photon_energy = Energy::from_electron_volt(2.5); // 2.5 eV
    println!("   光子能量: {} eV = {} J", 
             photon_energy.as_electron_volt(), 
             photon_energy.as_joule());

    let nuclear_energy = Energy::from_mega_electron_volt(1.0); // 1 MeV
    println!("   核能: {} MeV = {} J", 
             nuclear_energy.as_mega_electron_volt(), 
             nuclear_energy.as_joule());

    println!("\n=== 示例完成 ===");
}

examples/example_new_operations.rs (line 29)

fn main() {
    println!("=== 新增物理量运算关系示例 ===\n");

    // 1. 能量 ÷ 时间 = 功率
    println!("1. 能量 ÷ 时间 = 功率");
    let energy = Energy::from_joule(1000.0); // 1000 J
    let time = TimeDelta::seconds(10); // 10 s
    let power: Power = energy / time; // 100 W
    println!("   1000 J ÷ 10 s = {} W", power.as_watt());
    println!("   验证: {} W × 10 s = {} J\n", power.as_watt(), (power * time).as_joule());

    // 2. 力矩 ÷ 距离 = 力
    println!("2. 力矩 ÷ 距离 = 力");
    let torque = Torque::from_nm(50.0); // 50 N·m
    let distance = Distance::from_m(5.0); // 5 m
    let force: Force = torque / distance; // 10 N
    println!("   50 N·m ÷ 5 m = {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   验证: {} N × 5 m = {} J\n", force.as_newton(), (force * distance).as_joule());

    // 3. 速度 ÷ 加速度 = 时间
    println!("3. 速度 ÷ 加速度 = 时间");
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(20.0); // 20 m/s
    let acceleration = Acceleration::from_m_per_s2(4.0); // 4 m/s²
    let time = velocity / acceleration; // 5 s
    println!("   20 m/s ÷ 4 m/s² = {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   验证: 4 m/s² × {} s = {} m/s\n", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time), (acceleration * time).as_m_per_sec());

    // 4. 距离 ÷ 速度 = 时间
    println!("4. 距离 ÷ 速度 = 时间");
    let distance = Distance::from_m(200.0); // 200 m
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(25.0); // 25 m/s
    let time = distance / velocity; // 8 s
    println!("   200 m ÷ 25 m/s = {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   验证: 25 m/s × {} s = {} m\n", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time), (velocity * time).as_m());

    // 5. 功率 ÷ 力 = 速度
    println!("5. 功率 ÷ 力 = 速度");
    let power = Power::from_watt(300.0); // 300 W
    let force = Force::from_newton(15.0); // 15 N
    let velocity: Velocity = power / force; // 20 m/s
    println!("   300 W ÷ 15 N = {} m/s", velocity.as_m_per_sec());
    println!("   验证: 15 N × {} m/s = {} W\n", velocity.as_m_per_sec(), (force * velocity).as_watt());

    // 6. 功率 ÷ 速度 = 力
    println!("6. 功率 ÷ 速度 = 力");
    let power = Power::from_watt(400.0); // 400 W
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(16.0); // 16 m/s
    let force: Force = power / velocity; // 25 N
    println!("   400 W ÷ 16 m/s = {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   验证: {} N × 16 m/s = {} W\n", force.as_newton(), (force * velocity).as_watt());

    // 7. 角速度 ÷ 角加速度 = 时间
    println!("7. 角速度 ÷ 角加速度 = 时间");
    let omega = AngularVelocity::from_rad_per_second(12.0); // 12 rad/s
    let alpha = AngularAcceleration::from_rad_per_second2(3.0); // 3 rad/s²
    let time = omega / alpha; // 4 s
    println!("   12 rad/s ÷ 3 rad/s² = {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   验证: 3 rad/s² × {} s = {} rad/s\n", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time), (alpha * time).as_rad_per_second());

    // 实际应用示例
    println!("=== 实际应用示例 ===");
    
    // 汽车制动距离计算
    println!("\n汽车制动距离计算:");
    let initial_velocity = Velocity::from_km_per_h(60.0); // 60 km/h
    let deceleration = Acceleration::from_m_per_s2(5.0); // 5 m/s²
    let braking_time = initial_velocity / deceleration; // 制动时间
    let braking_distance = initial_velocity * braking_time; // 制动距离
    println!("   初始速度: {} km/h", initial_velocity.as_km_per_h());
    println!("   减速度: {} m/s²", deceleration.as_m_per_s2());
    println!("   制动时间: {:.2} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&braking_time));
    println!("   制动距离: {:.2} m", braking_distance.as_m());

    // 电机功率计算
    println!("\n电机功率计算:");
    let torque = Torque::from_nm(100.0); // 100 N·m
    let angular_velocity = AngularVelocity::from_rad_per_second(50.0); // 50 rad/s
    let power: Power = torque * angular_velocity; // 5000 W
    println!("   扭矩: {} N·m", torque.as_nm());
    println!("   角速度: {} rad/s", angular_velocity.as_rad_per_second());
    println!("   功率: {:.1} W ({:.2} kW)", power.as_watt(), power.as_kilo_watt());

    // 杠杆原理验证
    println!("\n杠杆原理验证:");
    let force = Force::from_newton(20.0); // 20 N
    let lever_arm = Distance::from_m(3.0); // 3 m
    let energy = force * lever_arm; // 60 J
    let calculated_force: Force = energy / lever_arm; // 20 N
    println!("   力: {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   力臂: {} m", lever_arm.as_m());
    println!("   功: {} J", energy.as_joule());
    println!("   验证力: {} N", calculated_force.as_newton());

    println!("\n=== 示例完成 ===");
}

examples/example_power.rs (line 71)

fn main() {
    println!("=== 功率物理量示例 ===\n");

    // 1. 创建不同单位的功率
    println!("1. 创建不同单位的功率:");
    let p1 = Power::from_watt(1.0); // 1 W
    let p2 = Power::from_mill_watt(1000.0); // 1000 mW = 1 W
    let p3 = Power::from_micro_watt(1000000.0); // 1000000 μW = 1 W
    let p4 = Power::from_nano_watt(1000000000.0); // 1000000000 nW = 1 W
    let p5 = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.001); // 0.001 kW = 1 W
    let p6 = Power::from_mega_watt(0.000001); // 0.000001 MW = 1 W
    let p7 = Power::from_horse_power(1.0 / 745.7); // 1/745.7 hp ≈ 1 W

    println!("   p1 = {} W", p1.as_watt());
    println!("   p2 = {} mW = {} W", p2.as_mill_watt(), p2.as_watt());
    println!("   p3 = {} μW = {} W", p3.as_micro_watt(), p3.as_watt());
    println!("   p4 = {} nW = {} W", p4.as_nano_watt(), p4.as_watt());
    println!("   p5 = {} kW = {} W", p5.as_kilo_watt(), p5.as_watt());
    println!("   p6 = {} MW = {} W", p6.as_mega_watt(), p6.as_watt());
    println!("   p7 = {} hp = {} W", p7.as_horse_power(), p7.as_watt());

    // 2. 单位转换
    println!("\n2. 单位转换:");
    println!("   1 W = {} mW", p1.as_mill_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} μW", p1.as_micro_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} nW", p1.as_nano_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} kW", p1.as_kilo_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} MW", p1.as_mega_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} hp", p1.as_horse_power());

    // 3. 功率的运算
    println!("\n3. 功率的运算:");
    let p_sum = p1 + p2; // 1 W + 1 W = 2 W
    let p_diff = p_sum - p1; // 2 W - 1 W = 1 W
    let p_scale = p1 * 3.0; // 1 W * 3 = 3 W
    let p_div = p_scale / 2.0; // 3 W / 2 = 1.5 W

    println!("   p1 + p2 = {} W", p_sum.as_watt());
    println!("   p_sum - p1 = {} W", p_diff.as_watt());
    println!("   p1 * 3 = {} W", p_scale.as_watt());
    println!("   p_scale / 2 = {} W", p_div.as_watt());

    // 4. 功率与时间的乘积（得到能量）
    println!("\n4. 功率与时间的乘积（得到能量）:");
    let power = Power::from_watt(100.0); // 100 W
    let time = TimeDelta::seconds(5); // 5 s
    let energy: Energy = power * time; // 500 J

    println!("   功率: {} W", power.as_watt());
    println!("   时间: {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   能量: {} J", energy.as_joule());
    println!("   验证: 100 W × 5 s = 500 J ✓");

    // 5. 时间与功率的乘积（满足交换律）
    println!("\n5. 时间与功率的乘积（满足交换律）:");
    let energy2: Energy = time * power; // 同样是 500 J
    println!("   时间 × 功率 = {} J", energy2.as_joule());
    println!("   验证: 5 s × 100 W = 500 J ✓");

    // 6. 力与速度的乘积（得到功率）
    println!("\n6. 力与速度的乘积（得到功率）:");
    let force = Force::from_newton(10.0); // 10 N
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(5.0); // 5 m/s
    let power_from_fv: Power = force * velocity; // 50 W

    println!("   力: {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   速度: {} m/s", velocity.as_m_per_sec());
    println!("   功率: {} W", power_from_fv.as_watt());
    println!("   验证: 10 N × 5 m/s = 50 W ✓");

    // 7. 速度与力的乘积（满足交换律）
    println!("\n7. 速度与力的乘积（满足交换律）:");
    let power_from_vf: Power = velocity * force; // 同样是 50 W
    println!("   速度 × 力 = {} W", power_from_vf.as_watt());
    println!("   验证: 5 m/s × 10 N = 50 W ✓");

    // 8. 不同单位之间的运算
    println!("\n8. 不同单位之间的运算:");
    let p_micro = Power::from_micro_watt(1000000.0); // 1 W
    let p_kilo = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.001);       // 1 W
    let p_result = p_micro + p_kilo; // 1 W + 1 W = 2 W
    println!("   {} μW + {} kW = {} W",
             p_micro.as_micro_watt(),
             p_kilo.as_kilo_watt(),
             p_result.as_watt());

    // 9. 马力转换
    println!("\n9. 马力转换:");
    let hp = Power::from_horse_power(1.0); // 1 hp
    println!("   1 hp = {} W", hp.as_watt());
    
    let watt = Power::from_watt(745.7); // 745.7 W
    println!("   745.7 W = {} hp", watt.as_horse_power());

    // 10. 零值检查
    println!("\n10. 零值检查:");
    let p_zero = Power::from_watt(0.0);
    let p_nonzero = Power::from_watt(1.0);
    println!("   p_zero.is_zero() = {}", p_zero.is_zero());
    println!("   p_nonzero.is_zero() = {}", p_nonzero.is_zero());

    // 11. 实际应用示例
    println!("\n11. 实际应用示例:");
    
    // 电灯泡功率
    let lightbulb = Power::from_watt(60.0); // 60 W灯泡
    let usage_time = TimeDelta::seconds(3600); // 1小时
    let energy_consumed: Energy = lightbulb * usage_time; // 216 kJ
    println!("   60W灯泡使用1小时消耗: {} kJ", energy_consumed.as_kilo_joule());

    // 汽车发动机功率
    let engine = Power::from_horse_power(200.0); // 200 hp发动机
    println!("   200 hp发动机 = {} kW", engine.as_kilo_watt());
    
    // 风力发电机
    let wind_turbine = Power::from_mega_watt(2.0); // 2 MW风力发电机
    println!("   2 MW风力发电机 = {} hp", wind_turbine.as_horse_power());

    // 12. 功率与时间的复杂计算
    println!("\n12. 功率与时间的复杂计算:");
    
    // 不同功率设备的使用
    let tv = Power::from_watt(100.0); // 100 W电视
    let tv_time = TimeDelta::seconds(7200); // 2小时
    
    let computer = Power::from_watt(300.0); // 300 W电脑
    let computer_time = TimeDelta::seconds(3600); // 1小时
    
    let total_energy: Energy = tv * tv_time + computer * computer_time;
    println!("   电视2小时 + 电脑1小时 = {} kWh", total_energy.as_kilo_joule() / 3600.0);

    // 13. 机械功率计算
    println!("\n13. 机械功率计算:");
    
    // 电梯功率
    let elevator_force = Force::from_kilo_newton(10.0); // 10 kN
    let elevator_speed = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(2.0); // 2 m/s
    let elevator_power: Power = elevator_force * elevator_speed; // 20 kW
    println!("   电梯功率: {} kN × {} m/s = {} kW", 
             elevator_force.as_kilo_newton(), 
             elevator_speed.as_m_per_sec(), 
             elevator_power.as_kilo_watt());

    // 汽车牵引功率
    let car_force = Force::from_newton(2000.0); // 2000 N牵引力
    let car_speed = Velocity::from_km_per_h(80.0); // 80 km/h
    let car_power: Power = car_force * car_speed; // 约44.4 kW
    println!("   汽车牵引功率: {} N × {} km/h = {} kW", 
             car_force.as_newton(), 
             car_speed.as_km_per_h(), 
             car_power.as_kilo_watt());

    println!("\n=== 示例完成 ===");
}

pub fn as_km_per_h(&self) -> f64

Examples found in repository

examples/example_physics.rs (line 12)

fn main(){
    let distance = Distance::from_m(1001.0);
    println!("{:?}", distance.as_km());
    // 1.001 km
    println!("{:?}", distance.as_light_year());
    // 1.05805783485864e-13 light years（1001 m ÷ 9.4607e15 m/ly）

    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(100.0);
    println!("{:?}", velocity.as_km_per_h());
    // 360.0 km/h

    calculate();
    examples_vector3();
}

examples/example_new_operations.rs (line 72)

fn main() {
    println!("=== 新增物理量运算关系示例 ===\n");

    // 1. 能量 ÷ 时间 = 功率
    println!("1. 能量 ÷ 时间 = 功率");
    let energy = Energy::from_joule(1000.0); // 1000 J
    let time = TimeDelta::seconds(10); // 10 s
    let power: Power = energy / time; // 100 W
    println!("   1000 J ÷ 10 s = {} W", power.as_watt());
    println!("   验证: {} W × 10 s = {} J\n", power.as_watt(), (power * time).as_joule());

    // 2. 力矩 ÷ 距离 = 力
    println!("2. 力矩 ÷ 距离 = 力");
    let torque = Torque::from_nm(50.0); // 50 N·m
    let distance = Distance::from_m(5.0); // 5 m
    let force: Force = torque / distance; // 10 N
    println!("   50 N·m ÷ 5 m = {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   验证: {} N × 5 m = {} J\n", force.as_newton(), (force * distance).as_joule());

    // 3. 速度 ÷ 加速度 = 时间
    println!("3. 速度 ÷ 加速度 = 时间");
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(20.0); // 20 m/s
    let acceleration = Acceleration::from_m_per_s2(4.0); // 4 m/s²
    let time = velocity / acceleration; // 5 s
    println!("   20 m/s ÷ 4 m/s² = {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   验证: 4 m/s² × {} s = {} m/s\n", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time), (acceleration * time).as_m_per_sec());

    // 4. 距离 ÷ 速度 = 时间
    println!("4. 距离 ÷ 速度 = 时间");
    let distance = Distance::from_m(200.0); // 200 m
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(25.0); // 25 m/s
    let time = distance / velocity; // 8 s
    println!("   200 m ÷ 25 m/s = {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   验证: 25 m/s × {} s = {} m\n", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time), (velocity * time).as_m());

    // 5. 功率 ÷ 力 = 速度
    println!("5. 功率 ÷ 力 = 速度");
    let power = Power::from_watt(300.0); // 300 W
    let force = Force::from_newton(15.0); // 15 N
    let velocity: Velocity = power / force; // 20 m/s
    println!("   300 W ÷ 15 N = {} m/s", velocity.as_m_per_sec());
    println!("   验证: 15 N × {} m/s = {} W\n", velocity.as_m_per_sec(), (force * velocity).as_watt());

    // 6. 功率 ÷ 速度 = 力
    println!("6. 功率 ÷ 速度 = 力");
    let power = Power::from_watt(400.0); // 400 W
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(16.0); // 16 m/s
    let force: Force = power / velocity; // 25 N
    println!("   400 W ÷ 16 m/s = {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   验证: {} N × 16 m/s = {} W\n", force.as_newton(), (force * velocity).as_watt());

    // 7. 角速度 ÷ 角加速度 = 时间
    println!("7. 角速度 ÷ 角加速度 = 时间");
    let omega = AngularVelocity::from_rad_per_second(12.0); // 12 rad/s
    let alpha = AngularAcceleration::from_rad_per_second2(3.0); // 3 rad/s²
    let time = omega / alpha; // 4 s
    println!("   12 rad/s ÷ 3 rad/s² = {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   验证: 3 rad/s² × {} s = {} rad/s\n", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time), (alpha * time).as_rad_per_second());

    // 实际应用示例
    println!("=== 实际应用示例 ===");
    
    // 汽车制动距离计算
    println!("\n汽车制动距离计算:");
    let initial_velocity = Velocity::from_km_per_h(60.0); // 60 km/h
    let deceleration = Acceleration::from_m_per_s2(5.0); // 5 m/s²
    let braking_time = initial_velocity / deceleration; // 制动时间
    let braking_distance = initial_velocity * braking_time; // 制动距离
    println!("   初始速度: {} km/h", initial_velocity.as_km_per_h());
    println!("   减速度: {} m/s²", deceleration.as_m_per_s2());
    println!("   制动时间: {:.2} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&braking_time));
    println!("   制动距离: {:.2} m", braking_distance.as_m());

    // 电机功率计算
    println!("\n电机功率计算:");
    let torque = Torque::from_nm(100.0); // 100 N·m
    let angular_velocity = AngularVelocity::from_rad_per_second(50.0); // 50 rad/s
    let power: Power = torque * angular_velocity; // 5000 W
    println!("   扭矩: {} N·m", torque.as_nm());
    println!("   角速度: {} rad/s", angular_velocity.as_rad_per_second());
    println!("   功率: {:.1} W ({:.2} kW)", power.as_watt(), power.as_kilo_watt());

    // 杠杆原理验证
    println!("\n杠杆原理验证:");
    let force = Force::from_newton(20.0); // 20 N
    let lever_arm = Distance::from_m(3.0); // 3 m
    let energy = force * lever_arm; // 60 J
    let calculated_force: Force = energy / lever_arm; // 20 N
    println!("   力: {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   力臂: {} m", lever_arm.as_m());
    println!("   功: {} J", energy.as_joule());
    println!("   验证力: {} N", calculated_force.as_newton());

    println!("\n=== 示例完成 ===");
}

examples/example_power.rs (line 154)

fn main() {
    println!("=== 功率物理量示例 ===\n");

    // 1. 创建不同单位的功率
    println!("1. 创建不同单位的功率:");
    let p1 = Power::from_watt(1.0); // 1 W
    let p2 = Power::from_mill_watt(1000.0); // 1000 mW = 1 W
    let p3 = Power::from_micro_watt(1000000.0); // 1000000 μW = 1 W
    let p4 = Power::from_nano_watt(1000000000.0); // 1000000000 nW = 1 W
    let p5 = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.001); // 0.001 kW = 1 W
    let p6 = Power::from_mega_watt(0.000001); // 0.000001 MW = 1 W
    let p7 = Power::from_horse_power(1.0 / 745.7); // 1/745.7 hp ≈ 1 W

    println!("   p1 = {} W", p1.as_watt());
    println!("   p2 = {} mW = {} W", p2.as_mill_watt(), p2.as_watt());
    println!("   p3 = {} μW = {} W", p3.as_micro_watt(), p3.as_watt());
    println!("   p4 = {} nW = {} W", p4.as_nano_watt(), p4.as_watt());
    println!("   p5 = {} kW = {} W", p5.as_kilo_watt(), p5.as_watt());
    println!("   p6 = {} MW = {} W", p6.as_mega_watt(), p6.as_watt());
    println!("   p7 = {} hp = {} W", p7.as_horse_power(), p7.as_watt());

    // 2. 单位转换
    println!("\n2. 单位转换:");
    println!("   1 W = {} mW", p1.as_mill_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} μW", p1.as_micro_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} nW", p1.as_nano_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} kW", p1.as_kilo_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} MW", p1.as_mega_watt());
    println!("   1 W = {} hp", p1.as_horse_power());

    // 3. 功率的运算
    println!("\n3. 功率的运算:");
    let p_sum = p1 + p2; // 1 W + 1 W = 2 W
    let p_diff = p_sum - p1; // 2 W - 1 W = 1 W
    let p_scale = p1 * 3.0; // 1 W * 3 = 3 W
    let p_div = p_scale / 2.0; // 3 W / 2 = 1.5 W

    println!("   p1 + p2 = {} W", p_sum.as_watt());
    println!("   p_sum - p1 = {} W", p_diff.as_watt());
    println!("   p1 * 3 = {} W", p_scale.as_watt());
    println!("   p_scale / 2 = {} W", p_div.as_watt());

    // 4. 功率与时间的乘积（得到能量）
    println!("\n4. 功率与时间的乘积（得到能量）:");
    let power = Power::from_watt(100.0); // 100 W
    let time = TimeDelta::seconds(5); // 5 s
    let energy: Energy = power * time; // 500 J

    println!("   功率: {} W", power.as_watt());
    println!("   时间: {} s", time_delta_to_secs_f64(&time));
    println!("   能量: {} J", energy.as_joule());
    println!("   验证: 100 W × 5 s = 500 J ✓");

    // 5. 时间与功率的乘积（满足交换律）
    println!("\n5. 时间与功率的乘积（满足交换律）:");
    let energy2: Energy = time * power; // 同样是 500 J
    println!("   时间 × 功率 = {} J", energy2.as_joule());
    println!("   验证: 5 s × 100 W = 500 J ✓");

    // 6. 力与速度的乘积（得到功率）
    println!("\n6. 力与速度的乘积（得到功率）:");
    let force = Force::from_newton(10.0); // 10 N
    let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(5.0); // 5 m/s
    let power_from_fv: Power = force * velocity; // 50 W

    println!("   力: {} N", force.as_newton());
    println!("   速度: {} m/s", velocity.as_m_per_sec());
    println!("   功率: {} W", power_from_fv.as_watt());
    println!("   验证: 10 N × 5 m/s = 50 W ✓");

    // 7. 速度与力的乘积（满足交换律）
    println!("\n7. 速度与力的乘积（满足交换律）:");
    let power_from_vf: Power = velocity * force; // 同样是 50 W
    println!("   速度 × 力 = {} W", power_from_vf.as_watt());
    println!("   验证: 5 m/s × 10 N = 50 W ✓");

    // 8. 不同单位之间的运算
    println!("\n8. 不同单位之间的运算:");
    let p_micro = Power::from_micro_watt(1000000.0); // 1 W
    let p_kilo = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.001);       // 1 W
    let p_result = p_micro + p_kilo; // 1 W + 1 W = 2 W
    println!("   {} μW + {} kW = {} W",
             p_micro.as_micro_watt(),
             p_kilo.as_kilo_watt(),
             p_result.as_watt());

    // 9. 马力转换
    println!("\n9. 马力转换:");
    let hp = Power::from_horse_power(1.0); // 1 hp
    println!("   1 hp = {} W", hp.as_watt());
    
    let watt = Power::from_watt(745.7); // 745.7 W
    println!("   745.7 W = {} hp", watt.as_horse_power());

    // 10. 零值检查
    println!("\n10. 零值检查:");
    let p_zero = Power::from_watt(0.0);
    let p_nonzero = Power::from_watt(1.0);
    println!("   p_zero.is_zero() = {}", p_zero.is_zero());
    println!("   p_nonzero.is_zero() = {}", p_nonzero.is_zero());

    // 11. 实际应用示例
    println!("\n11. 实际应用示例:");
    
    // 电灯泡功率
    let lightbulb = Power::from_watt(60.0); // 60 W灯泡
    let usage_time = TimeDelta::seconds(3600); // 1小时
    let energy_consumed: Energy = lightbulb * usage_time; // 216 kJ
    println!("   60W灯泡使用1小时消耗: {} kJ", energy_consumed.as_kilo_joule());

    // 汽车发动机功率
    let engine = Power::from_horse_power(200.0); // 200 hp发动机
    println!("   200 hp发动机 = {} kW", engine.as_kilo_watt());
    
    // 风力发电机
    let wind_turbine = Power::from_mega_watt(2.0); // 2 MW风力发电机
    println!("   2 MW风力发电机 = {} hp", wind_turbine.as_horse_power());

    // 12. 功率与时间的复杂计算
    println!("\n12. 功率与时间的复杂计算:");
    
    // 不同功率设备的使用
    let tv = Power::from_watt(100.0); // 100 W电视
    let tv_time = TimeDelta::seconds(7200); // 2小时
    
    let computer = Power::from_watt(300.0); // 300 W电脑
    let computer_time = TimeDelta::seconds(3600); // 1小时
    
    let total_energy: Energy = tv * tv_time + computer * computer_time;
    println!("   电视2小时 + 电脑1小时 = {} kWh", total_energy.as_kilo_joule() / 3600.0);

    // 13. 机械功率计算
    println!("\n13. 机械功率计算:");
    
    // 电梯功率
    let elevator_force = Force::from_kilo_newton(10.0); // 10 kN
    let elevator_speed = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(2.0); // 2 m/s
    let elevator_power: Power = elevator_force * elevator_speed; // 20 kW
    println!("   电梯功率: {} kN × {} m/s = {} kW", 
             elevator_force.as_kilo_newton(), 
             elevator_speed.as_m_per_sec(), 
             elevator_power.as_kilo_watt());

    // 汽车牵引功率
    let car_force = Force::from_newton(2000.0); // 2000 N牵引力
    let car_speed = Velocity::from_km_per_h(80.0); // 80 km/h
    let car_power: Power = car_force * car_speed; // 约44.4 kW
    println!("   汽车牵引功率: {} N × {} km/h = {} kW", 
             car_force.as_newton(), 
             car_speed.as_km_per_h(), 
             car_power.as_kilo_watt());

    println!("\n=== 示例完成 ===");
}

pub fn as_km_per_sec(&self) -> f64

pub fn as_light_speed(&self) -> f64

Trait Implementations

impl Add for Velocity

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the + operator.

fn add(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output

Performs the + operation.

impl<'a> Add<&'a Velocity> for Velocity

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the + operator.

fn add(self, rhs: &'a Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the + operation.

impl<'a, 'b> Add<&'b Velocity> for &'a Velocity

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the + operator.

fn add(self, rhs: &'b Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the + operation.

impl<'a> Add<Velocity> for &'a Velocity

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the + operator.

fn add(self, rhs: Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the + operation.

impl Add<f64> for Velocity

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the + operator.

fn add(self, rhs: f64) -> Self::Output

Performs the + operation.

impl Clone for Velocity

fn clone(&self) -> Self

Returns a duplicate of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl Copy for Velocity

impl Debug for Velocity

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl Default for Velocity

fn default() -> Self

Returns the “default value” for a type.

impl Display for Velocity

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<'a> Div<&'a Acceleration> for Velocity

type Output = TimeDelta

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: &'a Acceleration) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a> Div<&'a Distance> for Velocity

type Output = AngularVelocity

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: &'a Distance) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a> Div<&'a Velocity> for Power

type Output = Force

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: &'a Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a, 'b> Div<&'b Acceleration> for &'a Velocity

type Output = TimeDelta

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: &'b Acceleration) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a, 'b> Div<&'b Distance> for &'a Velocity

type Output = AngularVelocity

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: &'b Distance) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a, 'b> Div<&'b Velocity> for &'a Power

type Output = Force

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: &'b Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl Div<Acceleration> for Velocity

type Output = TimeDelta

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: Acceleration) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a> Div<Acceleration> for &'a Velocity

type Output = TimeDelta

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: Acceleration) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl Div<Coef> for Velocity

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: Coef) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl Div<Distance> for Velocity

type Output = AngularVelocity

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: Distance) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a> Div<Distance> for &'a Velocity

type Output = AngularVelocity

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: Distance) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl Div<TimeDelta> for Velocity

type Output = Acceleration

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, duration: TimeDelta) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl Div<Velocity> for Distance

type Output = TimeDelta

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl Div<Velocity> for Power

type Output = Force

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a> Div<Velocity> for &'a Power

type Output = Force

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl Div<Velocity> for f64

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl Div<f64> for Velocity

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the / operator.

fn div(self, rhs: f64) -> Self::Output

Performs the / operation.

impl<'a> Mul<&'a Mass> for Velocity

type Output = Momentum

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: &'a Mass) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a> Mul<&'a TimeDelta> for Velocity

type Output = Distance

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, duration: &'a TimeDelta) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, 'b> Mul<&'b Mass> for &'a Velocity

type Output = Momentum

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: &'b Mass) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a, 'b> Mul<&'b TimeDelta> for &'a Velocity

type Output = Distance

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, duration: &'b TimeDelta) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl Mul<Coef> for Velocity

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Coef) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl Mul<Force> for Velocity

type Output = Power

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Force) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl Mul<Mass> for Velocity

type Output = Momentum

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Mass) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a> Mul<Mass> for &'a Velocity

type Output = Momentum

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Mass) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl Mul<TimeDelta> for Velocity

type Output = Distance

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, duration: TimeDelta) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl<'a> Mul<TimeDelta> for &'a Velocity

type Output = Distance

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, duration: TimeDelta) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl Mul<Velocity> for Coef

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl Mul<Velocity> for Mass

type Output = Momentum

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl Mul<Velocity> for Force

type Output = Power

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl Mul<Velocity> for f64

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl Mul<f64> for Velocity

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: f64) -> Self::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl Neg for Velocity

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the - operator.

fn neg(self) -> Self::Output

Performs the unary - operation.

impl NonCoefficient for Velocity

impl PartialEq for Velocity

fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool

Equality operator ==.

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Inequality operator !=.

impl PhysicalQuantity for Velocity

fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any

fn is_zero(&self) -> bool

fn default_unit_value(&self) -> f64

fn set_value(&mut self, value: f64)

fn unit_display_name(&self) -> String

返回物理量名称和单位，如 “Distance (m)”, “Velocity (m/s)”

impl StructuralPartialEq for Velocity

impl Sub for Velocity

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the - operator.

fn sub(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output

Performs the - operation.

impl<'a> Sub<&'a Velocity> for Velocity

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the - operator.

fn sub(self, rhs: &'a Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the - operation.

impl<'a, 'b> Sub<&'b Velocity> for &'a Velocity

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the - operator.

fn sub(self, rhs: &'b Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the - operation.

impl<'a> Sub<Velocity> for &'a Velocity

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the - operator.

fn sub(self, rhs: Velocity) -> Self::Output

Performs the - operation.

impl Sub<f64> for Velocity

type Output = Velocity

The resulting type after applying the - operator.

fn sub(self, rhs: f64) -> Self::Output

Performs the - operation.

impl VectorQuantity for Velocity