Struct AdOscillator 

pub struct AdOscillator { /* private fields */ }

Larry Williams’ Accumulation/Distribution — a cumulative volume-less price flow that classifies each bar as accumulation or distribution based on its close relative to the previous close, then sums the directional component.

Williams’ definition (1972) uses a true high/low that includes the prior close as an anchor — the same idea that motivates true range:

TR_h_t = max(close_{t−1}, high_t)
TR_l_t = min(close_{t−1}, low_t)
AD_t   = AD_{t−1} + (close_t − TR_l_t)   if close_t > close_{t−1}   (accumulation)
AD_t   = AD_{t−1} + (close_t − TR_h_t)   if close_t < close_{t−1}   (distribution)
AD_t   = AD_{t−1}                        if close_t == close_{t−1}  (no change)

Unlike Chaikin’s Accumulation/Distribution Line, the Williams A/D ignores volume entirely — Williams argued that the relative position of the close already encodes the day’s “true” buying or selling pressure. The series is unbounded and used primarily for divergence analysis. The first candle only seeds the previous close; the first emission lands at bar 2.

Example

use wickra_core::{Candle, Indicator, AdOscillator};

let mut indicator = AdOscillator::new();
let mut last = None;
for i in 0..80 {
    let base = 100.0 + f64::from(i);
    let candle =
        Candle::new(base, base + 2.0, base - 2.0, base + 1.0, 10.0, i64::from(i)).unwrap();
    last = indicator.update(candle);
}
assert!(last.is_some());

Implementations

impl AdOscillator

pub const fn new() -> Self

Construct a new Williams A/D starting at zero.

pub const fn value(&self) -> Option<f64>

Current cumulative value if at least one emission has happened.

Trait Implementations

impl Clone for AdOscillator

fn clone(&self) -> AdOscillator

Returns a duplicate of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl Debug for AdOscillator

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl Default for AdOscillator

fn default() -> AdOscillator

Returns the “default value” for a type.

impl Indicator for AdOscillator

type Input = Candle

Type of one input data point (typically f64 for a price, or Candle / Tick).

type Output = f64

Type of one output value.

fn update(&mut self, candle: Candle) -> Option<f64>

Feed one new data point into the indicator and return the freshly computed output, or None if the indicator is still warming up.

fn reset(&mut self)

Reset all internal state, leaving the indicator equivalent to a freshly constructed instance with the same parameters.

fn warmup_period(&self) -> usize

Number of inputs required before the first non-None output can be produced.

fn is_ready(&self) -> bool

Whether the indicator has emitted at least one value since the last reset.

fn name(&self) -> &'static str

Stable, human-readable indicator name. Used by chaining and diagnostics.