Trait Display

1.0.0 · Source

pub trait Display {
    // Required method
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>;
}

Expand description

Format trait for an empty format, {}.

Implementing this trait for a type will automatically implement the ToString trait for the type, allowing the usage of the .to_string() method. Prefer implementing the Display trait for a type, rather than ToString.

Display is similar to Debug, but Display is for user-facing output, and so cannot be derived.

For more information on formatters, see the module-level documentation.

§Completeness and parseability

Display for a type might not necessarily be a lossless or complete representation of the type. It may omit internal state, precision, or other information the type does not consider important for user-facing output, as determined by the type. As such, the output of Display might not be possible to parse, and even if it is, the result of parsing might not exactly match the original value.

However, if a type has a lossless Display implementation whose output is meant to be conveniently machine-parseable and not just meant for human consumption, then the type may wish to accept the same format in FromStr, and document that usage. Having both Display and FromStr implementations where the result of Display cannot be parsed with FromStr may surprise users.

§Internationalization

Because a type can only have one Display implementation, it is often preferable to only implement Display when there is a single most “obvious” way that values can be formatted as text. This could mean formatting according to the “invariant” culture and “undefined” locale, or it could mean that the type display is designed for a specific culture/locale, such as developer logs.

If not all values have a justifiably canonical textual format or if you want to support alternative formats not covered by the standard set of possible formatting traits, the most flexible approach is display adapters: methods like str::escape_default or Path::display which create a wrapper implementing Display to output the specific display format.

§Examples

Implementing Display on a type:

use std::fmt;

struct Point {
    x: i32,
    y: i32,
}

impl fmt::Display for Point {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "({}, {})", self.x, self.y)
    }
}

let origin = Point { x: 0, y: 0 };

assert_eq!(format!("The origin is: {origin}"), "The origin is: (0, 0)");

Required Methods§

1.0.0 · Source

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter.

§Errors

This function should return Err if, and only if, the provided Formatter returns Err. String formatting is considered an infallible operation; this function only returns a Result because writing to the underlying stream might fail and it must provide a way to propagate the fact that an error has occurred back up the stack.

§Examples

use std::fmt;

struct Position {
    longitude: f32,
    latitude: f32,
}

impl fmt::Display for Position {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "({}, {})", self.longitude, self.latitude)
    }
}

assert_eq!(
    "(1.987, 2.983)",
    format!("{}", Position { longitude: 1.987, latitude: 2.983, }),
);

Display

Trait Display Copy item path

§Completeness and parseability

§Internationalization

§Examples

Required Methods§

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

§Errors

§Examples

Implementors§

impl Display for BuildModel

impl Display for ShadowError

impl Display for AsciiChar

impl Display for Infallible

impl Display for FromBytesWithNulError

impl Display for ErrorKind

impl Display for IpAddr

impl Display for SocketAddr

impl Display for GetDisjointMutError

impl Display for VarError

impl Display for std::fs::TryLockError

impl Display for std::sync::mpsc::RecvTimeoutError

impl Display for std::sync::mpsc::TryRecvError

impl Display for Utf8Component<'_>

impl Display for Cfg

impl Display for CfgExpr

impl Display for Platform

impl Display for ParseErrorKind

impl Display for DependencyKind

impl Display for CrateType

impl Display for Edition

impl Display for TargetKind

impl Display for cargo_metadata::errors::Error

impl Display for ArtifactDebuginfo

impl Display for ObjectType

impl Display for ReferenceType

impl Display for InvalidStringList

impl Display for icu_collections::codepointtrie::error::Error

impl Display for icu_locale_core::parser::errors::ParseError

impl Display for PreferencesParseError

impl Display for DataErrorKind

impl Display for Level

impl Display for LevelFilter

impl Display for serde_json::value::Value

impl Display for CollectionAllocErr

impl Display for tinystr::error::ParseError

impl Display for url::parser::ParseError

impl Display for SyntaxViolation

impl Display for ZeroTrieBuildError

impl Display for UleError

impl Display for bool

impl Display for char

impl Display for f16

impl Display for f32

impl Display for f64

impl Display for i8

impl Display for i16

impl Display for i32

impl Display for i64

impl Display for i128

impl Display for isize

impl Display for !

impl Display for str

impl Display for u8

impl Display for u16

impl Display for u32

impl Display for u64

impl Display for u128

impl Display for usize

impl Display for String

impl Display for ByteString

impl Display for UnorderedKeyError

impl Display for TryReserveError

impl Display for FromVecWithNulError

impl Display for IntoStringError

impl Display for NulError

impl Display for FromUtf8Error

impl Display for FromUtf16Error

impl Display for LayoutError

impl Display for AllocError

Trait Display