sea_orm::entity

Trait EntityTrait

Source 
pub trait EntityTrait: EntityName {
    type Model: ModelTrait<Entity = Self> + FromQueryResult;
    type ActiveModel: ActiveModelBehavior<Entity = Self>;
    type Column: ColumnTrait;
    type Relation: RelationTrait;
    type PrimaryKey: PrimaryKeyTrait + PrimaryKeyToColumn<Column = Self::Column>;

    // Provided methods
    fn belongs_to<R>(related: R) -> RelationBuilder<Self, R>
       where R: EntityTrait { ... }
    fn has_one<R>(_: R) -> RelationBuilder<Self, R>
       where R: EntityTrait + Related<Self> { ... }
    fn has_many<R>(_: R) -> RelationBuilder<Self, R>
       where R: EntityTrait + Related<Self> { ... }
    fn find() -> Select<Self> { ... }
    fn find_by_id<T>(values: T) -> Select<Self>
       where T: Into<<Self::PrimaryKey as PrimaryKeyTrait>::ValueType> { ... }
    fn insert<A>(model: A) -> Insert<A>
       where A: ActiveModelTrait<Entity = Self> { ... }
    fn insert_many<A, I>(models: I) -> Insert<A>
       where A: ActiveModelTrait<Entity = Self>,
             I: IntoIterator<Item = A> { ... }
    fn update<A>(model: A) -> UpdateOne<A>
       where A: ActiveModelTrait<Entity = Self> { ... }
    fn update_many() -> UpdateMany<Self> { ... }
    fn delete<A>(model: A) -> DeleteOne<A>
       where A: ActiveModelTrait<Entity = Self> { ... }
    fn delete_many() -> DeleteMany<Self> { ... }
    fn delete_by_id<T>(values: T) -> DeleteMany<Self>
       where T: Into<<Self::PrimaryKey as PrimaryKeyTrait>::ValueType> { ... }
}
Expand description

An abstract base class for defining Entities.

This trait provides an API for you to inspect it’s properties

This trait also provides an API for CRUD actions

  • Select: find, find_*
  • Insert: insert, insert_*
  • Update: update, update_*
  • Delete: delete, delete_*

Required Associated Types§

Source

type Model: ModelTrait<Entity = Self> + FromQueryResult

Source

type ActiveModel: ActiveModelBehavior<Entity = Self>

Source

type Column: ColumnTrait

Source

type Relation: RelationTrait

Source

type PrimaryKey: PrimaryKeyTrait + PrimaryKeyToColumn<Column = Self::Column>

Provided Methods§

Source

fn belongs_to<R>(related: R) -> RelationBuilder<Self, R>
where R: EntityTrait,

Construct a belongs to relation

Source

fn has_one<R>(_: R) -> RelationBuilder<Self, R>
where R: EntityTrait + Related<Self>,

Construct a has one relation

Source

fn has_many<R>(_: R) -> RelationBuilder<Self, R>
where R: EntityTrait + Related<Self>,

Construct a has many relation

Source

fn find() -> Select<Self>

Construct select statement to find one / all models

  • To select columns, join tables and group by expressions, see QuerySelect
  • To apply where conditions / filters, see QueryFilter
  • To apply order by expressions, see QueryOrder
§Example
use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::cake};

assert_eq!(
    cake::Entity::find().one(&db).await?,
    Some(cake::Model {
        id: 1,
        name: "New York Cheese".to_owned(),
    })
);

assert_eq!(
    cake::Entity::find().all(&db).await?,
    [
        cake::Model {
            id: 1,
            name: "New York Cheese".to_owned(),
        },
        cake::Model {
            id: 2,
            name: "Chocolate Forest".to_owned(),
        },
    ]
);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log(),
    [
        Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
            DbBackend::Postgres,
            r#"SELECT "cake"."id", "cake"."name" FROM "cake" LIMIT $1"#,
            [1u64.into()]
        ),
        Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
            DbBackend::Postgres,
            r#"SELECT "cake"."id", "cake"."name" FROM "cake""#,
            []
        ),
    ]
);
Source

fn find_by_id<T>(values: T) -> Select<Self>
where T: Into<<Self::PrimaryKey as PrimaryKeyTrait>::ValueType>,

Find a model by primary key

§Example
use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::cake};

assert_eq!(
    cake::Entity::find_by_id(11).all(&db).await?,
    [cake::Model {
        id: 11,
        name: "Sponge Cake".to_owned(),
    }]
);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log(),
    [Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
        DbBackend::Postgres,
        r#"SELECT "cake"."id", "cake"."name" FROM "cake" WHERE "cake"."id" = $1"#,
        [11i32.into()]
    )]
);

Find by composite key

use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::cake_filling};

assert_eq!(
    cake_filling::Entity::find_by_id((2, 3)).all(&db).await?,
    [cake_filling::Model {
        cake_id: 2,
        filling_id: 3,
    }]
);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log(),
    [Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
        DbBackend::Postgres,
        [
            r#"SELECT "cake_filling"."cake_id", "cake_filling"."filling_id" FROM "cake_filling""#,
            r#"WHERE "cake_filling"."cake_id" = $1 AND "cake_filling"."filling_id" = $2"#,
        ].join(" ").as_str(),
        [2i32.into(), 3i32.into()]
    )]);
§Panics

Panics if arity of input values don’t match arity of primary key

Source

fn insert<A>(model: A) -> Insert<A>
where A: ActiveModelTrait<Entity = Self>,

Insert a model into database

§Example (Postgres)
use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::cake};

let apple = cake::ActiveModel {
    name: Set("Apple Pie".to_owned()),
    ..Default::default()
};

let insert_result = cake::Entity::insert(apple).exec(&db).await?;

assert_eq!(dbg!(insert_result.last_insert_id), 15);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log(),
    [Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
        DbBackend::Postgres,
        r#"INSERT INTO "cake" ("name") VALUES ($1) RETURNING "id""#,
        ["Apple Pie".into()]
    )]
);
§Example (MySQL)
use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::cake};

let apple = cake::ActiveModel {
    name: Set("Apple Pie".to_owned()),
    ..Default::default()
};

let insert_result = cake::Entity::insert(apple).exec(&db).await?;

assert_eq!(insert_result.last_insert_id, 15);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log(),
    [Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
        DbBackend::MySql,
        r#"INSERT INTO `cake` (`name`) VALUES (?)"#,
        ["Apple Pie".into()]
    )]
);

To get back inserted Model

use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::fruit};

assert_eq!(
    cake::Entity::insert(cake::ActiveModel {
        id: NotSet,
        name: Set("Apple Pie".to_owned()),
    })
    .exec_with_returning(&db)
    .await?,
    cake::Model {
        id: 1,
        name: "Apple Pie".to_owned(),
    }
);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log()[0].statements()[0].sql,
    r#"INSERT INTO "cake" ("name") VALUES ($1) RETURNING "id", "name""#
);
Source

fn insert_many<A, I>(models: I) -> Insert<A>
where A: ActiveModelTrait<Entity = Self>, I: IntoIterator<Item = A>,

Insert many models into database

§Example (Postgres)
use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::cake};

let apple = cake::ActiveModel {
    name: Set("Apple Pie".to_owned()),
    ..Default::default()
};
let orange = cake::ActiveModel {
    name: Set("Orange Scone".to_owned()),
    ..Default::default()
};

let insert_result = cake::Entity::insert_many([apple, orange]).exec(&db).await?;

assert_eq!(insert_result.last_insert_id, 28);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log(),
    [Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
        DbBackend::Postgres,
        r#"INSERT INTO "cake" ("name") VALUES ($1), ($2) RETURNING "id""#,
        ["Apple Pie".into(), "Orange Scone".into()]
    )]
);
§Example (MySQL)
use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::cake};

let apple = cake::ActiveModel {
    name: Set("Apple Pie".to_owned()),
    ..Default::default()
};
let orange = cake::ActiveModel {
    name: Set("Orange Scone".to_owned()),
    ..Default::default()
};

let insert_result = cake::Entity::insert_many([apple, orange]).exec(&db).await?;

assert_eq!(insert_result.last_insert_id, 28);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log(),
    [Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
        DbBackend::MySql,
        r#"INSERT INTO `cake` (`name`) VALUES (?), (?)"#,
        ["Apple Pie".into(), "Orange Scone".into()]
    )]
);

Before 1.1.3, if the active models have different column set, this method would panic. Now, it’d attempt to fill in the missing columns with null (which may or may not be correct, depending on whether the column is nullable):

use sea_orm::{
    entity::*,
    query::*,
    tests_cfg::{cake, cake_filling},
    DbBackend,
};

assert_eq!(
    cake::Entity::insert_many([
        cake::ActiveModel {
            id: NotSet,
            name: Set("Apple Pie".to_owned()),
        },
        cake::ActiveModel {
            id: NotSet,
            name: Set("Orange Scone".to_owned()),
        }
    ])
    .build(DbBackend::Postgres)
    .to_string(),
    r#"INSERT INTO "cake" ("name") VALUES ('Apple Pie'), ('Orange Scone')"#,
);

assert_eq!(
    cake_filling::Entity::insert_many([
        cake_filling::ActiveModel {
            cake_id: ActiveValue::set(2),
            filling_id: ActiveValue::NotSet,
        },
        cake_filling::ActiveModel {
            cake_id: ActiveValue::NotSet,
            filling_id: ActiveValue::set(3),
        }
    ])
    .build(DbBackend::Postgres)
    .to_string(),
    r#"INSERT INTO "cake_filling" ("cake_id", "filling_id") VALUES (2, NULL), (NULL, 3)"#,
);

To get back inserted Models

use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::fruit};

assert_eq!(
    cake::Entity::insert_many([
        cake::ActiveModel {
            id: NotSet,
            name: Set("Apple Pie".to_owned()),
        },
        cake::ActiveModel {
            id: NotSet,
            name: Set("Choco Pie".to_owned()),
        },
    ])
    .exec_with_returning_many(&db)
    .await?,
    [
        cake::Model {
            id: 1,
            name: "Apple Pie".to_owned(),
        },
        cake::Model {
            id: 2,
            name: "Choco Pie".to_owned(),
        }
    ]
);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log()[0].statements()[0].sql,
    r#"INSERT INTO "cake" ("name") VALUES ($1), ($2) RETURNING "id", "name""#
);
Source

fn update<A>(model: A) -> UpdateOne<A>
where A: ActiveModelTrait<Entity = Self>,

Update a model in database

§Example (Postgres)
use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::fruit};

let orange = fruit::ActiveModel {
    id: Set(1),
    name: Set("Orange".to_owned()),
    ..Default::default()
};

assert_eq!(
    fruit::Entity::update(orange.clone())
        .filter(fruit::Column::Name.contains("orange"))
        .exec(&db)
        .await?,
    fruit::Model {
        id: 1,
        name: "Orange".to_owned(),
        cake_id: None,
    }
);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log(),
    [Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
        DbBackend::Postgres,
        r#"UPDATE "fruit" SET "name" = $1 WHERE "fruit"."id" = $2 AND "fruit"."name" LIKE $3 RETURNING "id", "name", "cake_id""#,
        ["Orange".into(), 1i32.into(), "%orange%".into()]
    )]);
§Example (MySQL)
use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::fruit};

let orange = fruit::ActiveModel {
    id: Set(1),
    name: Set("Orange".to_owned()),
    ..Default::default()
};

assert_eq!(
    fruit::Entity::update(orange.clone())
        .filter(fruit::Column::Name.contains("orange"))
        .exec(&db)
        .await?,
    fruit::Model {
        id: 1,
        name: "Orange".to_owned(),
        cake_id: None,
    }
);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log(),
    [
        Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
            DbBackend::MySql,
            r#"UPDATE `fruit` SET `name` = ? WHERE `fruit`.`id` = ? AND `fruit`.`name` LIKE ?"#,
            ["Orange".into(), 1i32.into(), "%orange%".into()]
        ),
        Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
            DbBackend::MySql,
            r#"SELECT `fruit`.`id`, `fruit`.`name`, `fruit`.`cake_id` FROM `fruit` WHERE `fruit`.`id` = ? LIMIT ?"#,
            [1i32.into(), 1u64.into()]
        )]);
Source

fn update_many() -> UpdateMany<Self>

Update many models in database

§Example
use sea_orm::{
    entity::*,
    query::*,
    sea_query::{Expr, Value},
    tests_cfg::fruit,
};

let update_result = fruit::Entity::update_many()
    .col_expr(fruit::Column::CakeId, Expr::value(Value::Int(None)))
    .filter(fruit::Column::Name.contains("Apple"))
    .exec(&db)
    .await?;

assert_eq!(update_result.rows_affected, 5);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log(),
    [Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
        DbBackend::Postgres,
        r#"UPDATE "fruit" SET "cake_id" = $1 WHERE "fruit"."name" LIKE $2"#,
        [Value::Int(None), "%Apple%".into()]
    )]
);
Source

fn delete<A>(model: A) -> DeleteOne<A>
where A: ActiveModelTrait<Entity = Self>,

Delete a model from database

§Example
use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::fruit};

let orange = fruit::ActiveModel {
    id: Set(3),
    ..Default::default()
};

let delete_result = fruit::Entity::delete(orange).exec(&db).await?;

assert_eq!(delete_result.rows_affected, 1);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log(),
    [Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
        DbBackend::Postgres,
        r#"DELETE FROM "fruit" WHERE "fruit"."id" = $1"#,
        [3i32.into()]
    )]
);
Source

fn delete_many() -> DeleteMany<Self>

Delete many models from database

§Example
use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::fruit};

let delete_result = fruit::Entity::delete_many()
    .filter(fruit::Column::Name.contains("Apple"))
    .exec(&db)
    .await?;

assert_eq!(delete_result.rows_affected, 5);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log(),
    [Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
        DbBackend::Postgres,
        r#"DELETE FROM "fruit" WHERE "fruit"."name" LIKE $1"#,
        ["%Apple%".into()]
    )]
);
Source

fn delete_by_id<T>(values: T) -> DeleteMany<Self>
where T: Into<<Self::PrimaryKey as PrimaryKeyTrait>::ValueType>,

Delete a model based on primary key

§Example
use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::fruit};

let delete_result = fruit::Entity::delete_by_id(1).exec(&db).await?;

assert_eq!(delete_result.rows_affected, 1);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log(),
    [Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
        DbBackend::Postgres,
        r#"DELETE FROM "fruit" WHERE "fruit"."id" = $1"#,
        [1i32.into()]
    )]
);

Delete by composite key


use sea_orm::{entity::*, query::*, tests_cfg::cake_filling};

let delete_result = cake_filling::Entity::delete_by_id((2, 3)).exec(&db).await?;

assert_eq!(delete_result.rows_affected, 1);

assert_eq!(
    db.into_transaction_log(),
    [Transaction::from_sql_and_values(
        DbBackend::Postgres,
        r#"DELETE FROM "cake_filling" WHERE "cake_filling"."cake_id" = $1 AND "cake_filling"."filling_id" = $2"#,
        [2i32.into(), 3i32.into()]
    )]
);
§Panics

Panics if arity of input values don’t match arity of primary key

Dyn Compatibility§

This trait is not dyn compatible.

In older versions of Rust, dyn compatibility was called "object safety", so this trait is not object safe.

Implementors§