Struct BallisticForces 

pub struct BallisticForces { /* private fields */ }

Gravity and aerodynamic drag delegated to ballistics-engine’s force kernel.

Implementations

impl BallisticForces

pub fn new( diameter_m: f64, cd_vs_mach: Vec<(f64, f64)>, atmosphere: Atmosphere, wind_mps: Vec3, ) -> Result<Self>

Build using the vehicle’s actual Cd curve, not a G-model reference curve or BC. At least two ascending, nonnegative Mach values and positive Cd values are required. Wind is a world-frame air velocity vector (positive X is a tailwind).

pub fn with_drag_scale(self, scale: f64) -> Result<Self>

Apply a positive multiplier to the entire Cd curve. Default is 1.0.

pub fn set_wind(&mut self, wind_mps: Vec3) -> Result<()>

Change uniform world-frame wind between public integration steps.

pub fn with_spin( self, twist_rate_in: f64, body_length_m: f64, right_hand: bool, ) -> Result<Self>

Modified point-mass spin: enable the kernel’s Magnus force and yaw of repose for a spinning body. twist_rate_in is the effective twist in inches per turn — rifling language upstream; for a fin-canted rocket it is the roll rate the cant produces per unit velocity. body_length_m is the full airframe length (the stability correlations need it; Self::new only knows the diameter). right_hand selects the roll direction.

The correlations are McCoy bullet shapes, so treat magnitudes as approximate for blunt or finned bodies; signs and scaling are physical.

pub fn with_coriolis( self, latitude_deg: f64, shot_azimuth_deg: f64, ) -> Result<Self>

Modified point-mass Coriolis deflection, for planet-scale arcs. latitude_deg is the launch latitude in [-90, 90]; shot_azimuth_deg is the compass bearing fired along, 0 = north, 90 = east. Do not combine with an inertial-frame crate::CentralGravity model: Coriolis is the rotating-frame term and would double-count Earth rotation.

pub fn with_tipoff_yaw( self, yaw_rad: f64, decay_distance_m: f64, ) -> Result<Self>

Launch tip-off: an initial yaw in radians that decays exponentially with downrange distance over decay_distance_m. Models the rail/launcher disturbance; it perturbs the effective angle of attack early in flight.

pub fn with_body_lift( self, cna_vs_mach: Vec<(f64, f64)>, induced_k_vs_mach: Vec<(f64, f64)>, ) -> Result<Self>

Angle-of-attack aerodynamics without attitude integration: a quasi-static normal force and induced drag from the commanded axis’s angle to the relative wind.

cna_vs_mach is the normal-force coefficient slope per radian of angle of attack (body + fins) versus Mach; induced_k_vs_mach adds Cd += k·α². Both need at least two strictly ascending Mach points and nonnegative, finite values. The angle of attack is measured each RK stage between the solver-resolved thrust axis and the wind-relative velocity, so a guided turn at angle of attack both turns harder (body lift) and pays drag for it. Reference area derives from the diameter passed to Self::new.

pub fn set_twist(&mut self, twist_rate_in: f64) -> Result<()>

Change the effective twist between public steps, for a caller-integrated roll model (see crate::RollDynamics). Pair with Self::with_spin for the body length and handedness; the rate must stay positive.

pub fn with_atmosphere_zones( self, zones: Vec<(f64, f64, f64, f64)>, ) -> Result<Self>

Downrange-segmented atmosphere (upstream AtmoSock): station-referenced zones, each (temperature_c, pressure_hpa, humidity_percent, until_downrange_m). The zone is selected by downrange distance position.x; the base atmosphere must be Atmosphere::Standard, and each zone’s humidity applies to its station density while this derivative path uses dry-air sound speed.

pub fn with_wind_segments( self, zones: Vec<(f64, f64, f64, f64)>, ) -> Result<Self>

Downrange-segmented wind (upstream WindSock). Each zone is (speed_mps, angle_deg, until_downrange_m, vertical_mps), with the angle following the upstream wind-FROM convention (0° = headwind, 90° = from the right). Vertical is positive updraft. Zones are evaluated statelessly at each stage’s position.x, so wind can change mid-integration. Overrides the uniform wind set in Self::new/Self::set_wind.

pub fn with_turbulence( self, sigma_mps: f64, tau_s: f64, seed: u64, ) -> Result<Self>

Add deterministic frozen-field turbulence: multisine gusts with a pink spectrum, RMS sigma_mps per axis and energy concentrated near the period tau_s. seed fixes the phases (dispersion reseeds per run), so runs are exactly reproducible.

pub fn acceleration_with_axis_in_wind( &self, state: &FlightState, mass_kg: f64, wind_mps: Vec3, body_axis: Vec3, ) -> Result<Vec3>

Axis-aware counterpart to Self::acceleration_in_wind, for wrappers that sample their own wind but want the body-lift increment.

pub fn acceleration_in_wind( &self, state: &FlightState, mass_kg: f64, wind_mps: Vec3, ) -> Result<Vec3>

Evaluate using externally sampled wind, for a spatial or time-varying force wrapper.

Trait Implementations

impl Clone for BallisticForces

fn clone(&self) -> Self

Returns a duplicate of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl Debug for BallisticForces

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl ForceModel for BallisticForces

fn acceleration(&self, state: &FlightState, mass_kg: f64) -> Result<Vec3>

Acceleration in world-frame metres per second squared.

fn acceleration_with_axis( &self, state: &FlightState, mass_kg: f64, body_axis: Vec3, ) -> Result<Vec3>

Acceleration when the commanded body axis is known, for angle-of-attack-aware models (body lift, induced drag). body_axis is the solver-resolved unit thrust axis at this stage. The default ignores the axis, which keeps every orientation-blind model (gravity, plain drag) bit-identical.