Struct FoamingKinetics 

pub struct FoamingKinetics {
    pub c0_gas: f64,
    pub surface_tension: f64,
    pub viscosity: f64,
    pub temperature: f64,
    pub gas_constant: f64,
    pub activation_energy: f64,
}

Foaming kinetics model.

Describes the nucleation, growth, and stabilization of bubbles during foam processing.

Fields

c0_gas: f64

Initial gas concentration [mol/m³].

surface_tension: f64

Surface tension of the foaming liquid [N/m].

viscosity: f64

Viscosity of the foaming liquid [Pa·s].

temperature: f64

Temperature [K].

gas_constant: f64

Gas constant R = 8.314 J/(mol·K).

activation_energy: f64

Activation energy for nucleation [J/mol].

Implementations

impl FoamingKinetics

pub fn new( c0_gas: f64, surface_tension: f64, viscosity: f64, temperature: f64, activation_energy: f64, ) -> Self

Create a new foaming kinetics model.

pub fn critical_radius(&self, pressure_drop: f64) -> f64

Classical nucleation theory: critical bubble radius.

R_crit = 2 * gamma / delta_P

pub fn nucleation_barrier(&self, pressure_drop: f64) -> f64

Nucleation energy barrier.

W_crit = (16 * pi * gamma^3) / (3 * delta_P^2)

pub fn nucleation_rate(&self, pressure_drop: f64, prefactor: f64) -> f64

Nucleation rate (classical nucleation theory).

J = J0 * exp(-W_crit / (k_B * T)) Using k_B = R/N_A, simplified here with prefactor.

pub fn bubble_radius_diffusion( &self, r0: f64, diffusivity: f64, supersaturation: f64, gas_density: f64, time: f64, ) -> f64

Bubble growth by diffusion (Epstein-Plesset model, simplified).

R(t) = sqrt(R0^2 + 2 * D * c * t / rho_g) D is diffusivity, c is supersaturation, rho_g is gas density.

pub fn growth_rate_viscous(&self, radius: f64, pressure_excess: f64) -> f64

Viscous limitation on bubble growth rate.

dR/dt = R * delta_P / (4 * mu) where mu is viscosity and delta_P is the internal pressure excess.

pub fn avrami_fraction(&self, k: f64, n: f64, time: f64) -> f64

Avrami equation for volume fraction of foam as function of time.

X(t) = 1 - exp(-k * t^n)

pub fn expansion_ratio(&self, atmospheric_pressure: f64) -> f64

Foam expansion ratio at equilibrium.

phi = V_foam / V_liquid ≈ 1 + (c0 * R * T) / P_atm

Trait Implementations

impl Clone for FoamingKinetics

fn clone(&self) -> FoamingKinetics

Returns a duplicate of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl Debug for FoamingKinetics

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl PartialEq for FoamingKinetics

fn eq(&self, other: &FoamingKinetics) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.

impl StructuralPartialEq for FoamingKinetics