Struct ZrO2Transformation 

pub struct ZrO2Transformation {
    pub transformation_strain: f64,
    pub volume_fraction: f64,
    pub shear_modulus: f64,
    pub base_toughness: f64,
    pub zone_height: f64,
}

Tetragonal-to-monoclinic transformation toughening in ZrO₂ ceramics.

Estimates the transformation zone size and toughening increment ΔK_IC.

Fields

transformation_strain: f64

Transformation dilatational strain ε_T [-] (~0.04 for t→m)

volume_fraction: f64

Volume fraction of transformable particles f_v [-]

shear_modulus: f64

Shear modulus G [Pa]

base_toughness: f64

Intrinsic fracture toughness K_IC0 [Pa·√m]

zone_height: f64

Transformation zone half-height h [m] (determined externally or fitted)

Implementations

impl ZrO2Transformation

pub fn new( transformation_strain: f64, volume_fraction: f64, shear_modulus: f64, base_toughness: f64, zone_height: f64, ) -> Self

Creates a new ZrO2Transformation model.

pub fn toughening_increment(&self) -> f64

Toughening increment ΔK_IC [Pa·√m] due to transformation.

ΔK_IC ≈ 0.22 · E_eff · ε_T · f_v · √h (Budiansky-Hutchinson-Lambropoulos) where E_eff = 2·G (for plane strain approximation).

pub fn effective_toughness(&self) -> f64

Total effective fracture toughness K_IC_eff [Pa·√m].

pub fn zone_size_estimate(&self) -> f64

Approximate transformation zone size (Irwin-type estimate) [m].

h ≈ (1/3π) · (K_IC / σ_t)² where σ_t is the transformation stress: σ_t = G · ε_T / (1 − f_v).

Trait Implementations

impl Clone for ZrO2Transformation

fn clone(&self) -> ZrO2Transformation

Returns a duplicate of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl Debug for ZrO2Transformation

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.