Trait nom::lib::std::prelude::v1::v1::Sync 1.0.0
[−]
[src]
#[lang = "sync"]pub unsafe auto trait Sync { }
Types for which it is safe to share references between threads.
This trait is automatically implemented when the compiler determines it's appropriate.
The precise definition is: a type T
is Sync
if &T
is
Send
. In other words, if there is no possibility of
undefined behavior (including data races) when passing
&T
references between threads.
As one would expect, primitive types like u8
and f64
are all Sync
, and so are simple aggregate types containing them,
like tuples, structs and enums. More examples of basic Sync
types include "immutable" types like &T
, and those with simple
inherited mutability, such as Box<T>
, Vec<T>
and
most other collection types. (Generic parameters need to be Sync
for their container to be Sync
.)
A somewhat surprising consequence of the definition is that &mut T
is Sync
(if T
is Sync
) even though it seems like that might
provide unsynchronized mutation. The trick is that a mutable
reference behind a shared reference (that is, & &mut T
)
becomes read-only, as if it were a & &T
. Hence there is no risk
of a data race.
Types that are not Sync
are those that have "interior
mutability" in a non-thread-safe form, such as cell::Cell
and cell::RefCell
. These types allow for mutation of
their contents even through an immutable, shared reference. For
example the set
method on Cell<T>
takes &self
, so it requires
only a shared reference &Cell<T>
. The method performs no
synchronization, thus Cell
cannot be Sync
.
Another example of a non-Sync
type is the reference-counting
pointer rc::Rc
. Given any reference &Rc<T>
, you can clone
a new Rc<T>
, modifying the reference counts in a non-atomic way.
For cases when one does need thread-safe interior mutability,
Rust provides atomic data types, as well as explicit locking via
sync::Mutex
and sync::RwLock
. These types
ensure that any mutation cannot cause data races, hence the types
are Sync
. Likewise, sync::Arc
provides a thread-safe
analogue of Rc
.
Any types with interior mutability must also use the
cell::UnsafeCell
wrapper around the value(s) which
can be mutated through a shared reference. Failing to doing this is
undefined behavior. For example, transmute
-ing
from &T
to &mut T
is invalid.
See the Nomicon for more
details about Sync
.
Implementations on Foreign Types
impl Sync for Once
[src]
impl<T> Sync for RwLock<T> where
T: Send + Sync + ?Sized,
[src]
T: Send + Sync + ?Sized,
impl<'a, T> Sync for MutexGuard<'a, T> where
T: Sync + ?Sized,
[src]
T: Sync + ?Sized,
impl<'a, T> Sync for RwLockReadGuard<'a, T> where
T: Sync + ?Sized,
[src]
T: Sync + ?Sized,
impl<T> Sync for Key<T>
[src]
impl<'a, T> Sync for RwLockWriteGuard<'a, T> where
T: Sync + ?Sized,
[src]
T: Sync + ?Sized,
impl<T> !Sync for Receiver<T>
[src]
impl !Sync for ArgsOs
[src]
impl !Sync for Args
[src]
impl<T> Sync for Mutex<T> where
T: Send + ?Sized,
[src]
T: Send + ?Sized,
impl<T> !Sync for Sender<T>
[src]
impl Sync for AtomicBool
[src]
impl<T> !Sync for Cell<T>
[src]
impl Sync for AtomicI64
[src]
impl<T> !Sync for UnsafeCell<T> where
T: ?Sized,
[src]
T: ?Sized,
impl<T> !Sync for *const T where
T: ?Sized,
[src]
T: ?Sized,
impl<T> Sync for Unique<T> where
T: Sync + ?Sized,
[src]
T: Sync + ?Sized,
Unique
pointers are Sync
if T
is Sync
because the data they
reference is unaliased. Note that this aliasing invariant is
unenforced by the type system; the abstraction using the
Unique
must enforce it.
impl Sync for AtomicU8
[src]
impl<T> Sync for AtomicPtr<T>
[src]
impl Sync for AtomicIsize
[src]
impl Sync for AtomicI32
[src]
impl Sync for AtomicUsize
[src]
impl Sync for AtomicU64
[src]
impl Sync for AtomicU32
[src]
impl<T> !Sync for *mut T where
T: ?Sized,
[src]
T: ?Sized,
impl<T> !Sync for RefCell<T> where
T: ?Sized,
[src]
T: ?Sized,
impl Sync for AtomicU16
[src]
impl<T> !Sync for NonNull<T> where
T: ?Sized,
[src]
T: ?Sized,
NonNull
pointers are not Sync
because the data they reference may be aliased.
impl Sync for AtomicI16
[src]
impl Sync for AtomicI8
[src]
impl<T> !Sync for Rc<T> where
T: ?Sized,
[src]
T: ?Sized,
impl<T> Sync for Weak<T> where
T: Send + Sync + ?Sized,
[src]
T: Send + Sync + ?Sized,
impl<T> !Sync for Weak<T> where
T: ?Sized,
[src]
T: ?Sized,
impl<T> Sync for Arc<T> where
T: Send + Sync + ?Sized,
[src]
T: Send + Sync + ?Sized,
impl Sync for Argument
impl Sync for FormatSpec
impl Sync for Alignment
impl Sync for Count
impl Sync for Position
Implementors
impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::slice::Iter<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::slice::IterMut<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::linked_list::Iter<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a> Sync for nom::lib::std::string::Drain<'a>
impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::vec::Drain<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<T> Sync for LinkedList<T> where
T: Sync,impl<T> Sync for nom::lib::std::vec::IntoIter<T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::vec_deque::Drain<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::linked_list::IterMut<'a, T> where
T: Sync,
Auto implementors
impl Sync for CompareResult
impl<E> Sync for ErrorKind<E> where
E: Sync,impl Sync for Needed
impl<I, E> Sync for Err<I, E> where
E: Sync,
I: Sync,impl Sync for Endianness
impl Sync for ExchangeHeapSingleton
impl<T: ?Sized> Sync for Box<T> where
T: Sync,impl<T> !Sync for IntermediateBox<T>
impl Sync for Ordering
impl<T> Sync for Reverse<T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, K, V> !Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_map::OccupiedEntry<'a, K, V>
impl<'a, K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_map::IterMut<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<'a, K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_map::Values<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<'a, K, V> !Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_map::Entry<'a, K, V>
impl<'a, K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_map::Keys<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<'a, K, V> !Sync for EntryPlace<'a, K, V>
impl<K, V, S> Sync for HashMap<K, V, S> where
K: Sync,
S: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<'a, K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_map::Iter<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl Sync for RandomState
impl<'a, K, V> !Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_map::VacantEntry<'a, K, V>
impl Sync for DefaultHasher
impl<'a, K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_map::Drain<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<'a, K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_map::ValuesMut<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_map::IntoIter<K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<T, S> Sync for HashSet<T, S> where
S: Sync,
T: Sync,impl<'a, T, S> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_set::SymmetricDifference<'a, T, S> where
S: Sync,
T: Sync,impl<'a, K> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_set::Iter<'a, K> where
K: Sync,impl<'a, T, S> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_set::Union<'a, T, S> where
S: Sync,
T: Sync,impl<'a, T, S> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_set::Difference<'a, T, S> where
S: Sync,
T: Sync,impl<'a, T, S> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_set::Intersection<'a, T, S> where
S: Sync,
T: Sync,impl<'a, K> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_set::Drain<'a, K> where
K: Sync,impl<K> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::hash_set::IntoIter<K> where
K: Sync,impl<T> Sync for Bound<T> where
T: Sync,impl<K, V> Sync for BTreeMap<K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_set::Range<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<T> Sync for BTreeSet<T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_set::SymmetricDifference<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_set::Difference<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_set::Iter<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_set::Intersection<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_set::IntoIter<T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_set::Union<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<T> Sync for BinaryHeap<T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for PeekMut<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::binary_heap::Iter<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::binary_heap::IntoIter<T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::binary_heap::Drain<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> !Sync for BinaryHeapPlace<'a, T>
impl<T> Sync for VecDeque<T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::vec_deque::Iter<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::vec_deque::IterMut<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::vec_deque::IntoIter<T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::vec_deque::PlaceBack<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for PlaceFront<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<T> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::linked_list::IntoIter<T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T, F> !Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::linked_list::DrainFilter<'a, T, F>
impl<'a, T> !Sync for FrontPlace<'a, T>
impl<'a, T> !Sync for BackPlace<'a, T>
impl<'a, K, V> Sync for RangeMut<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<'a, K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_map::Range<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<'a, K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_map::Iter<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<'a, K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_map::ValuesMut<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_map::IntoIter<K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<'a, K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_map::OccupiedEntry<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<'a, K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_map::Entry<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<'a, K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_map::VacantEntry<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<'a, K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_map::IterMut<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<'a, K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_map::Keys<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl<'a, K, V> Sync for nom::lib::std::collections::btree_map::Values<'a, K, V> where
K: Sync,
V: Sync,impl Sync for CollectionAllocErr
impl Sync for Infallible
impl<'a> !Sync for Formatter<'a>
impl<'a, 'b> !Sync for DebugList<'a, 'b>
impl<'a, 'b> !Sync for DebugSet<'a, 'b>
impl<'a> !Sync for Arguments<'a>
impl<'a, 'b> !Sync for DebugTuple<'a, 'b>
impl Sync for Error
impl<'a, 'b> !Sync for DebugMap<'a, 'b>
impl<'a, 'b> !Sync for DebugStruct<'a, 'b>
impl<H> Sync for BuildHasherDefault<H> where
H: Sync,impl Sync for SipHasher24
impl Sync for SipHasher13
impl Sync for SipHasher
impl<T> Sync for Rev<T> where
T: Sync,impl<I> Sync for Cloned<I> where
I: Sync,impl<I> Sync for Cycle<I> where
I: Sync,impl<I> Sync for StepBy<I> where
I: Sync,impl<A, B> Sync for Chain<A, B> where
A: Sync,
B: Sync,impl<A, B> Sync for Zip<A, B> where
A: Sync,
B: Sync,impl<I, F> Sync for Map<I, F> where
F: Sync,
I: Sync,impl<I, P> Sync for Filter<I, P> where
I: Sync,
P: Sync,impl<I, F> Sync for FilterMap<I, F> where
F: Sync,
I: Sync,impl<I> Sync for Enumerate<I> where
I: Sync,impl<I> Sync for Peekable<I> where
I: Sync,
<I as Iterator>::Item: Sync,impl<I, P> Sync for SkipWhile<I, P> where
I: Sync,
P: Sync,impl<I, P> Sync for TakeWhile<I, P> where
I: Sync,
P: Sync,impl<I> Sync for Skip<I> where
I: Sync,impl<I> Sync for Take<I> where
I: Sync,impl<I, St, F> Sync for Scan<I, St, F> where
F: Sync,
I: Sync,
St: Sync,impl<I, U, F> Sync for FlatMap<I, U, F> where
F: Sync,
I: Sync,
<U as IntoIterator>::IntoIter: Sync,impl<I> Sync for Flatten<I> where
I: Sync,
<<I as Iterator>::Item as IntoIterator>::IntoIter: Sync,impl<I> Sync for Fuse<I> where
I: Sync,impl<I, F> Sync for Inspect<I, F> where
F: Sync,
I: Sync,impl<F> Sync for RepeatWith<F> where
F: Sync,impl<T> Sync for nom::lib::std::iter::Once<T> where
T: Sync,impl<T> Sync for Empty<T> where
T: Sync,impl<A> Sync for Repeat<A> where
A: Sync,impl<T> Sync for Discriminant<T>
impl<T> Sync for ManuallyDrop<T> where
T: Sync,impl<Y, R> Sync for GeneratorState<Y, R> where
R: Sync,
Y: Sync,impl<Idx> Sync for RangeFrom<Idx> where
Idx: Sync,impl<Idx> Sync for RangeTo<Idx> where
Idx: Sync,impl<Idx> Sync for nom::lib::std::ops::Range<Idx> where
Idx: Sync,impl Sync for RangeFull
impl<Idx> Sync for RangeToInclusive<Idx> where
Idx: Sync,impl<Idx> Sync for RangeInclusive<Idx> where
Idx: Sync,impl<T> Sync for Option<T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, A> Sync for nom::lib::std::option::Iter<'a, A> where
A: Sync,impl<'a, A> Sync for nom::lib::std::option::IterMut<'a, A> where
A: Sync,impl<A> Sync for nom::lib::std::option::IntoIter<A> where
A: Sync,impl Sync for NoneError
impl<T, E> Sync for Result<T, E> where
E: Sync,
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::result::Iter<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::result::IterMut<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<T> Sync for nom::lib::std::result::IntoIter<T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T, P> Sync for SplitNMut<'a, T, P> where
P: Sync,
T: Sync,impl<'a, T, P> Sync for SplitMut<'a, T, P> where
P: Sync,
T: Sync,impl<'a, T, P> Sync for RSplitMut<'a, T, P> where
P: Sync,
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for Windows<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T, P> Sync for nom::lib::std::slice::RSplitN<'a, T, P> where
P: Sync,
T: Sync,impl<'a, T, P> Sync for nom::lib::std::slice::RSplit<'a, T, P> where
P: Sync,
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for Chunks<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for ExactChunksMut<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T, P> Sync for nom::lib::std::slice::Split<'a, T, P> where
P: Sync,
T: Sync,impl<'a, T, P> Sync for nom::lib::std::slice::SplitN<'a, T, P> where
P: Sync,
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for ExactChunks<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for ChunksMut<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T, P> Sync for RSplitNMut<'a, T, P> where
P: Sync,
T: Sync,impl<'a> Sync for EncodeUtf16<'a>
impl<'a, P> Sync for RMatchIndices<'a, P> where
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Sync,impl<'a> Sync for CharIndices<'a>
impl Sync for ParseBoolError
impl Sync for Utf8Error
impl<'a, P> Sync for MatchIndices<'a, P> where
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Sync,impl<'a, P> Sync for RSplitTerminator<'a, P> where
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Sync,impl<'a> Sync for Chars<'a>
impl<'a, P> Sync for nom::lib::std::str::RSplitN<'a, P> where
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Sync,impl<'a, P> Sync for RMatches<'a, P> where
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Sync,impl<'a, P> Sync for SplitTerminator<'a, P> where
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Sync,impl<'a, P> Sync for nom::lib::std::str::RSplit<'a, P> where
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Sync,impl<'a, P> Sync for nom::lib::std::str::Split<'a, P> where
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Sync,impl<'a, P> Sync for nom::lib::std::str::SplitN<'a, P> where
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Sync,impl<'a> Sync for LinesAny<'a>
impl<'a> Sync for Lines<'a>
impl<'a, P> Sync for Matches<'a, P> where
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Sync,impl Sync for SearchStep
impl<'a> Sync for CharSearcher<'a>
impl<'a, 'b> Sync for CharSliceSearcher<'a, 'b>
impl<'a, F> Sync for CharPredicateSearcher<'a, F> where
F: Sync,impl<'a, 'b> Sync for StrSearcher<'a, 'b>
impl<'a> Sync for Bytes<'a>
impl<'a> Sync for SplitWhitespace<'a>
impl Sync for String
impl Sync for FromUtf8Error
impl Sync for FromUtf16Error
impl Sync for ParseError
impl<T> Sync for Vec<T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, T> Sync for nom::lib::std::vec::PlaceBack<'a, T> where
T: Sync,impl<'a, I> Sync for Splice<'a, I> where
I: Sync,
<I as Iterator>::Item: Sync,impl<'a, T, F> Sync for nom::lib::std::vec::DrainFilter<'a, T, F> where
F: Sync,
T: Sync,impl<I, E> Sync for Context<I, E> where
E: Sync,
I: Sync,impl<'a> Sync for CompleteStr<'a>
impl<'a> Sync for CompleteByteSlice<'a>
impl<T> Sync for Input<T> where
T: Sync,