Struct Zdt1 

pub struct Zdt1 { /* private fields */ }

ZDT1 (Zitzler, Deb & Thiele 2000): a two-objective benchmark with a known, convex Pareto front. On [0, 1]^n,

f1 = x1
g  = 1 + 9 · (Σ_{i≥2} xi) / (n − 1)
f2 = g · (1 − √(f1 / g))

The Pareto-optimal set has x2 … xn = 0 (so g = 1), giving the analytical front f2 = 1 − √f1 for f1 ∈ [0, 1] — the ground truth the NSGA-II test measures distance to.

Implementations

impl Zdt1

pub fn new(dim: usize) -> Self

dim-dimensional ZDT1 (dim >= 2) on [0, 1]^dim.

pub fn front_f2(f1: f64) -> f64

The analytical Pareto front value f2 = 1 − √f1 for a given f1.

Trait Implementations

impl MultiProblem for Zdt1

fn dim(&self) -> usize

Number of decision variables.

fn bounds(&self) -> &[Bound]

Per-variable inclusive bounds, length MultiProblem::dim.

fn n_objectives(&self) -> usize

Number of objectives (≥ 2 for a genuine multi-objective problem).

fn objectives(&self, x: &[f64]) -> Vec<f64>

The objective vector to minimize, length MultiProblem::n_objectives.