pub struct TcpStream { /* private fields */ }Expand description
A TCP stream.
Implementations§
Source§impl TcpStream
impl TcpStream
Sourcepub const fn local_addr(&self) -> SocketAddr
pub const fn local_addr(&self) -> SocketAddr
Report the local endpoint to which this stream is connected.
Sourcepub const fn remote_addr(&self) -> SocketAddr
pub const fn remote_addr(&self) -> SocketAddr
Report the remote endpoint to which this stream is connected.
Sourcepub fn shutdown_write(&self)
pub fn shutdown_write(&self)
Half-close the write side: send a FIN to the peer (shutdown(SHUT_WR) / CloseWrite) while
keeping the read side open so the peer’s remaining data can still be received. Fire-and-forget
(non-blocking, like the Drop-time Close): the FIN is emitted by the netstack in the
background, so this returns immediately and a caller using shutdown for signaling (e.g. a
bidirectional splice half-closing one direction) no longer hangs waiting for a FIN that was
never sent.
After this, writes fail (InvalidState): the socket has left the sendable state — this is
the intended shutdown(SHUT_WR) POSIX behavior (previously, when this was a no-op, a write
after shutdown still succeeded). Reads continue until the peer’s FIN.
Best-effort delivery: request_nonblocking treats a full command channel as success and
drops the command, so under channel saturation the FIN may not be sent — the socket then
teardown-degrades to the idle/keep-alive timeout reaper instead of a prompt FIN (never a hard
leak). A channel-closed error means the netstack is gone; the socket is already moot.
Sourcepub fn send_blocking(&self, b: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>
pub fn send_blocking(&self, b: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>
Send bytes to the remote.
Blocks until at least one byte can be queued. The return value is the number of bytes actually sent.
Sourcepub async fn send(&self, b: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>
pub async fn send(&self, b: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>
Send bytes to the remote.
Blocks until at least one byte can be queued. The return value is the number of bytes actually sent.
Sourcepub fn recv_blocking(&self, b: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>
pub fn recv_blocking(&self, b: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>
Receive bytes from the remote.
Returns the number of bytes actually received (blocks until there is at least one).
Sourcepub async fn recv(&self, b: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>
pub async fn recv(&self, b: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>
Receive bytes from the remote into the supplied buffer.
Returns the number of bytes actually received (blocks until there is at least one).
Sourcepub fn recv_bytes_blocking(&self) -> Result<Bytes, Error>
pub fn recv_bytes_blocking(&self) -> Result<Bytes, Error>
Receive bytes from the remote.
Returns the number of bytes actually received (blocks until there is at least one).
Sourcepub async fn recv_bytes(&self) -> Result<Bytes, Error>
pub async fn recv_bytes(&self) -> Result<Bytes, Error>
Receive bytes from the remote.
Trait Implementations§
Source§impl AsyncWrite for TcpStream
Available on crate feature tokio only.
impl AsyncWrite for TcpStream
Available on crate feature
tokio only.Source§fn poll_write(
self: Pin<&mut TcpStream>,
cx: &mut Context<'_>,
buf: &[u8],
) -> Poll<Result<usize, Error>>
fn poll_write( self: Pin<&mut TcpStream>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, buf: &[u8], ) -> Poll<Result<usize, Error>>
Attempt to write bytes from
buf into the object. Read moreSource§fn poll_flush(
self: Pin<&mut TcpStream>,
_cx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> Poll<Result<(), Error>>
fn poll_flush( self: Pin<&mut TcpStream>, _cx: &mut Context<'_>, ) -> Poll<Result<(), Error>>
Attempts to flush the object, ensuring that any buffered data reach
their destination. Read more
Source§fn poll_shutdown(
self: Pin<&mut TcpStream>,
_cx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> Poll<Result<(), Error>>
fn poll_shutdown( self: Pin<&mut TcpStream>, _cx: &mut Context<'_>, ) -> Poll<Result<(), Error>>
Initiates or attempts to shut down this writer, returning success when
the I/O connection has completely shut down. Read more
Source§fn poll_write_vectored(
self: Pin<&mut Self>,
cx: &mut Context<'_>,
bufs: &[IoSlice<'_>],
) -> Poll<Result<usize, Error>>
fn poll_write_vectored( self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>, bufs: &[IoSlice<'_>], ) -> Poll<Result<usize, Error>>
Like
poll_write, except that it writes from a slice of buffers. Read moreSource§fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool
fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool
Determines if this writer has an efficient
poll_write_vectored
implementation. Read moreSource§impl Read for TcpStream
Available on crate feature std only.
impl Read for TcpStream
Available on crate feature
std only.Source§fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>
fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>
Pull some bytes from this source into the specified buffer, returning
how many bytes were read. Read more
1.36.0 · Source§fn read_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSliceMut<'_>]) -> Result<usize, Error>
fn read_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSliceMut<'_>]) -> Result<usize, Error>
Like
read, except that it reads into a slice of buffers. Read moreSource§fn is_read_vectored(&self) -> bool
fn is_read_vectored(&self) -> bool
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (
can_vector)1.0.0 · Source§fn read_to_end(&mut self, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<usize, Error>
fn read_to_end(&mut self, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<usize, Error>
Reads all bytes until EOF in this source, placing them into
buf. Read more1.0.0 · Source§fn read_to_string(&mut self, buf: &mut String) -> Result<usize, Error>
fn read_to_string(&mut self, buf: &mut String) -> Result<usize, Error>
Reads all bytes until EOF in this source, appending them to
buf. Read more1.6.0 · Source§fn read_exact(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error>
fn read_exact(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error>
Reads the exact number of bytes required to fill
buf. Read moreSource§fn read_buf(&mut self, buf: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>
fn read_buf(&mut self, buf: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (
read_buf)Pull some bytes from this source into the specified buffer. Read more
Source§fn read_buf_exact(&mut self, cursor: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>
fn read_buf_exact(&mut self, cursor: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (
read_buf)Reads the exact number of bytes required to fill
cursor. Read more1.0.0 · Source§fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Selfwhere
Self: Sized,
fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Selfwhere
Self: Sized,
Creates a “by reference” adapter for this instance of
Read. Read more1.0.0 · Source§fn chain<R>(self, next: R) -> Chain<Self, R>
fn chain<R>(self, next: R) -> Chain<Self, R>
Creates an adapter which will chain this stream with another. Read more
Source§impl Write for TcpStream
Available on crate feature std only.
impl Write for TcpStream
Available on crate feature
std only.Source§fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>
fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>
Writes a buffer into this writer, returning how many bytes were written. Read more
Source§fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error>
fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error>
Attempts to write an entire buffer into this writer. Read more
Source§fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error>
fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error>
Flushes this output stream, ensuring that all intermediately buffered
contents reach their destination. Read more
Source§fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool
fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (
can_vector)Source§fn write_all_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<(), Error>
fn write_all_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<(), Error>
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (
write_all_vectored)Attempts to write multiple buffers into this writer. Read more
Auto Trait Implementations§
impl !Freeze for TcpStream
impl !RefUnwindSafe for TcpStream
impl !UnwindSafe for TcpStream
impl Send for TcpStream
impl Sync for TcpStream
impl Unpin for TcpStream
impl UnsafeUnpin for TcpStream
Blanket Implementations§
impl<S> AgentStream for Swhere
S: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite,
Source§impl<R> AsyncReadExt for R
impl<R> AsyncReadExt for R
Source§fn read<'a>(&'a mut self, buf: &'a mut [u8]) -> Read<'a, Self>where
Self: Unpin,
fn read<'a>(&'a mut self, buf: &'a mut [u8]) -> Read<'a, Self>where
Self: Unpin,
Pulls some bytes from this source into the specified buffer,
returning how many bytes were read. Read more
Source§fn read_buf<'a, B>(&'a mut self, buf: &'a mut B) -> ReadBuf<'a, Self, B>
fn read_buf<'a, B>(&'a mut self, buf: &'a mut B) -> ReadBuf<'a, Self, B>
Pulls some bytes from this source into the specified buffer,
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Source§fn read_exact<'a>(&'a mut self, buf: &'a mut [u8]) -> ReadExact<'a, Self>where
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fn read_exact<'a>(&'a mut self, buf: &'a mut [u8]) -> ReadExact<'a, Self>where
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Reads the exact number of bytes required to fill
buf. Read moreSource§fn read_u8(&mut self) -> ReadU8<&mut Self>where
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Reads an unsigned 8 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more
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Reads an unsigned 64-bit integer in big-endian order from the
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Reads an signed 64-bit integer in big-endian order from the
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Reads an unsigned 128-bit integer in big-endian order from the
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Reads an 32-bit floating point type in big-endian order from the
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) -> WriteAllBuf<'a, Self, B>
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generate &Any’s vtable from &Trait’s.Source§fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut (dyn Any + 'static)
fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut (dyn Any + 'static)
Converts
&mut Trait (where Trait: Downcast) to &Any. This is needed since Rust cannot
generate &mut Any’s vtable from &mut Trait’s.Source§impl<T> DowncastSend for T
impl<T> DowncastSend for T
Source§impl<T> DowncastSync for T
impl<T> DowncastSync for T
Source§impl<A, T> DynMessage<A> for T
impl<A, T> DynMessage<A> for T
Source§fn handle_dyn<'a>(
self: Box<T>,
state: &'a mut A,
actor_ref: ActorRef<A>,
tx: Option<Sender<Result<Box<dyn Any + Send>, SendError<Box<dyn Any + Send>, Box<dyn Any + Send>>>>>,
stop: &'a mut bool,
) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = Result<(), Box<dyn ReplyError>>> + Send + 'a>>
fn handle_dyn<'a>( self: Box<T>, state: &'a mut A, actor_ref: ActorRef<A>, tx: Option<Sender<Result<Box<dyn Any + Send>, SendError<Box<dyn Any + Send>, Box<dyn Any + Send>>>>>, stop: &'a mut bool, ) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = Result<(), Box<dyn ReplyError>>> + Send + 'a>>
Handles the dyn message with the provided actor state, ref, and reply sender.
impl<T> ErasedDestructor for Twhere
T: 'static,
Source§impl<T> ExecutableCommand for T
impl<T> ExecutableCommand for T
Source§fn execute(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error>
fn execute(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error>
Executes the given command directly.
The given command its ANSI escape code will be written and flushed onto Self.
§Arguments
-
The command that you want to execute directly.
§Example
use std::io;
use crossterm::{ExecutableCommand, style::Print};
fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
// will be executed directly
io::stdout()
.execute(Print("sum:\n".to_string()))?
.execute(Print(format!("1 + 1= {} ", 1 + 1)))?;
Ok(())
// ==== Output ====
// sum:
// 1 + 1 = 2
}Have a look over at the Command API for more details.
§Notes
- In the case of UNIX and Windows 10, ANSI codes are written to the given ‘writer’.
- In case of Windows versions lower than 10, a direct WinAPI call will be made.
The reason for this is that Windows versions lower than 10 do not support ANSI codes,
and can therefore not be written to the given
writer. Therefore, there is no difference between execute and queue for those old Windows versions.
impl<A, B, T> HttpServerConnExec<A, B> for Twhere
B: Body,
Source§impl<T> Instrument for T
impl<T> Instrument for T
Source§fn instrument(self, span: Span) -> Instrumented<Self>
fn instrument(self, span: Span) -> Instrumented<Self>
Source§fn in_current_span(self) -> Instrumented<Self>
fn in_current_span(self) -> Instrumented<Self>
Source§impl<T> IntoEither for T
impl<T> IntoEither for T
Source§fn into_either(self, into_left: bool) -> Either<Self, Self>
fn into_either(self, into_left: bool) -> Either<Self, Self>
Converts
self into a Left variant of Either<Self, Self>
if into_left is true.
Converts self into a Right variant of Either<Self, Self>
otherwise. Read moreSource§fn into_either_with<F>(self, into_left: F) -> Either<Self, Self>
fn into_either_with<F>(self, into_left: F) -> Either<Self, Self>
Converts
self into a Left variant of Either<Self, Self>
if into_left(&self) returns true.
Converts self into a Right variant of Either<Self, Self>
otherwise. Read moreSource§impl<T> QueueableCommand for T
impl<T> QueueableCommand for T
Source§fn queue(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error>
fn queue(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error>
Queues the given command for further execution.
Queued commands will be executed in the following cases:
- When
flushis called manually on the given type implementingio::Write. - The terminal will
flushautomatically if the buffer is full. - Each line is flushed in case of
stdout, because it is line buffered.
§Arguments
-
The command that you want to queue for later execution.
§Examples
use std::io::{self, Write};
use crossterm::{QueueableCommand, style::Print};
fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
let mut stdout = io::stdout();
// `Print` will executed executed when `flush` is called.
stdout
.queue(Print("foo 1\n".to_string()))?
.queue(Print("foo 2".to_string()))?;
// some other code (no execution happening here) ...
// when calling `flush` on `stdout`, all commands will be written to the stdout and therefore executed.
stdout.flush()?;
Ok(())
// ==== Output ====
// foo 1
// foo 2
}Have a look over at the Command API for more details.
§Notes
- In the case of UNIX and Windows 10, ANSI codes are written to the given ‘writer’.
- In case of Windows versions lower than 10, a direct WinAPI call will be made.
The reason for this is that Windows versions lower than 10 do not support ANSI codes,
and can therefore not be written to the given
writer. Therefore, there is no difference between execute and queue for those old Windows versions.
Source§impl<R> ReadBytesExt for R
impl<R> ReadBytesExt for R
Source§fn read_u8(&mut self) -> Result<u8, Error>
fn read_u8(&mut self) -> Result<u8, Error>
Reads an unsigned 8 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_i8(&mut self) -> Result<i8, Error>
fn read_i8(&mut self) -> Result<i8, Error>
Reads a signed 8 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_u16<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u16, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u16<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u16, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads an unsigned 16 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_i16<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i16, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i16<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i16, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a signed 16 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_u24<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u32, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u24<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u32, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads an unsigned 24 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_i24<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i32, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i24<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i32, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a signed 24 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_u32<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u32, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u32<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u32, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads an unsigned 32 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_i32<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i32, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i32<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i32, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a signed 32 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_u48<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u64, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u48<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u64, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads an unsigned 48 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_i48<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i64, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i48<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i64, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a signed 48 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_u64<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u64, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u64<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u64, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads an unsigned 64 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_i64<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i64, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i64<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i64, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a signed 64 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_u128<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u128, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u128<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u128, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads an unsigned 128 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_i128<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i128, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i128<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i128, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a signed 128 bit integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_uint<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<u64, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_uint<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<u64, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads an unsigned n-bytes integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_int<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<i64, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_int<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<i64, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a signed n-bytes integer from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_uint128<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<u128, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_uint128<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<u128, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads an unsigned n-bytes integer from the underlying reader.
Source§fn read_int128<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<i128, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_int128<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<i128, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a signed n-bytes integer from the underlying reader.
Source§fn read_f32<T>(&mut self) -> Result<f32, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_f32<T>(&mut self) -> Result<f32, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a IEEE754 single-precision (4 bytes) floating point number from
the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_f64<T>(&mut self) -> Result<f64, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_f64<T>(&mut self) -> Result<f64, Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a IEEE754 double-precision (8 bytes) floating point number from
the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_u16_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [u16]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u16_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [u16]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a sequence of unsigned 16 bit integers from the underlying
reader. Read more
Source§fn read_u32_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [u32]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u32_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [u32]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a sequence of unsigned 32 bit integers from the underlying
reader. Read more
Source§fn read_u64_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [u64]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u64_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [u64]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a sequence of unsigned 64 bit integers from the underlying
reader. Read more
Source§fn read_u128_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [u128]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u128_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [u128]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a sequence of unsigned 128 bit integers from the underlying
reader. Read more
Source§fn read_i8_into(&mut self, dst: &mut [i8]) -> Result<(), Error>
fn read_i8_into(&mut self, dst: &mut [i8]) -> Result<(), Error>
Reads a sequence of signed 8 bit integers from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_i16_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [i16]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i16_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [i16]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a sequence of signed 16 bit integers from the underlying
reader. Read more
Source§fn read_i32_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [i32]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i32_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [i32]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a sequence of signed 32 bit integers from the underlying
reader. Read more
Source§fn read_i64_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [i64]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i64_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [i64]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a sequence of signed 64 bit integers from the underlying
reader. Read more
Source§fn read_i128_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [i128]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i128_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [i128]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a sequence of signed 128 bit integers from the underlying
reader. Read more
Source§fn read_f32_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [f32]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_f32_into<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [f32]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Reads a sequence of IEEE754 single-precision (4 bytes) floating
point numbers from the underlying reader. Read more
Source§fn read_f32_into_unchecked<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [f32]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_f32_into_unchecked<T>(&mut self, dst: &mut [f32]) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
👎Deprecated since 1.2.0:
please use read_f32_into instead
DEPRECATED. Read more
impl<T> ReplyError for T
Source§impl<W> SynchronizedUpdate for W
impl<W> SynchronizedUpdate for W
Source§fn sync_update<T>(
&mut self,
operations: impl FnOnce(&mut W) -> T,
) -> Result<T, Error>
fn sync_update<T>( &mut self, operations: impl FnOnce(&mut W) -> T, ) -> Result<T, Error>
Performs a set of actions within a synchronous update.
Updates will be suspended in the terminal, the function will be executed against self, updates will be resumed, and a flush will be performed.
§Arguments
-
Function
A function that performs the operations that must execute in a synchronized update.
§Examples
use std::io;
use crossterm::{ExecutableCommand, SynchronizedUpdate, style::Print};
fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
let mut stdout = io::stdout();
stdout.sync_update(|stdout| {
stdout.execute(Print("foo 1\n".to_string()))?;
stdout.execute(Print("foo 2".to_string()))?;
// The effects of the print command will not be present in the terminal
// buffer, but not visible in the terminal.
std::io::Result::Ok(())
})?;
// The effects of the commands will be visible.
Ok(())
// ==== Output ====
// foo 1
// foo 2
}§Notes
This command is performed only using ANSI codes, and will do nothing on terminals that do not support ANSI codes, or this specific extension.
When rendering the screen of the terminal, the Emulator usually iterates through each visible grid cell and renders its current state. With applications updating the screen a at higher frequency this can cause tearing.
This mode attempts to mitigate that.
When the synchronization mode is enabled following render calls will keep rendering the last rendered state. The terminal Emulator keeps processing incoming text and sequences. When the synchronized update mode is disabled again the renderer may fetch the latest screen buffer state again, effectively avoiding the tearing effect by unintentionally rendering in the middle a of an application screen update.
Source§impl<T> WithSubscriber for T
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Source§fn with_subscriber<S>(self, subscriber: S) -> WithDispatch<Self>
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Source§impl<W> WriteBytesExt for W
impl<W> WriteBytesExt for W
Source§fn write_u8(&mut self, n: u8) -> Result<(), Error>
fn write_u8(&mut self, n: u8) -> Result<(), Error>
Writes an unsigned 8 bit integer to the underlying writer. Read more
Source§fn write_i8(&mut self, n: i8) -> Result<(), Error>
fn write_i8(&mut self, n: i8) -> Result<(), Error>
Writes a signed 8 bit integer to the underlying writer. Read more
Source§fn write_u16<T>(&mut self, n: u16) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn write_u16<T>(&mut self, n: u16) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Writes an unsigned 16 bit integer to the underlying writer. Read more
Source§fn write_i16<T>(&mut self, n: i16) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn write_i16<T>(&mut self, n: i16) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Writes a signed 16 bit integer to the underlying writer. Read more
Source§fn write_u24<T>(&mut self, n: u32) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn write_u24<T>(&mut self, n: u32) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Writes an unsigned 24 bit integer to the underlying writer. Read more
Source§fn write_i24<T>(&mut self, n: i32) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn write_i24<T>(&mut self, n: i32) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Writes a signed 24 bit integer to the underlying writer. Read more
Source§fn write_u32<T>(&mut self, n: u32) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn write_u32<T>(&mut self, n: u32) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Writes an unsigned 32 bit integer to the underlying writer. Read more
Source§fn write_i32<T>(&mut self, n: i32) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn write_i32<T>(&mut self, n: i32) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Writes a signed 32 bit integer to the underlying writer. Read more
Source§fn write_u48<T>(&mut self, n: u64) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn write_u48<T>(&mut self, n: u64) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Writes an unsigned 48 bit integer to the underlying writer. Read more
Source§fn write_i48<T>(&mut self, n: i64) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn write_i48<T>(&mut self, n: i64) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Writes a signed 48 bit integer to the underlying writer. Read more
Source§fn write_u64<T>(&mut self, n: u64) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn write_u64<T>(&mut self, n: u64) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Writes an unsigned 64 bit integer to the underlying writer. Read more
Source§fn write_i64<T>(&mut self, n: i64) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn write_i64<T>(&mut self, n: i64) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Writes a signed 64 bit integer to the underlying writer. Read more
Source§fn write_u128<T>(&mut self, n: u128) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn write_u128<T>(&mut self, n: u128) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Writes an unsigned 128 bit integer to the underlying writer.
Source§fn write_i128<T>(&mut self, n: i128) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn write_i128<T>(&mut self, n: i128) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Writes a signed 128 bit integer to the underlying writer.
Source§fn write_uint<T>(&mut self, n: u64, nbytes: usize) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
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T: ByteOrder,
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T: ByteOrder,
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T: ByteOrder,
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T: ByteOrder,
fn write_uint128<T>(&mut self, n: u128, nbytes: usize) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
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Source§fn write_int128<T>(&mut self, n: i128, nbytes: usize) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
fn write_int128<T>(&mut self, n: i128, nbytes: usize) -> Result<(), Error>where
T: ByteOrder,
Writes a signed n-bytes integer to the underlying writer. Read more