pub struct VideoDecoder { /* private fields */ }Expand description
A video decoder for extracting frames from media files.
The decoder provides frame-by-frame access to video content with support for seeking, hardware acceleration, and format conversion.
§Construction
Use VideoDecoder::open() to create a builder, then call VideoDecoderBuilder::build():
use ff_decode::VideoDecoder;
use ff_format::PixelFormat;
let decoder = VideoDecoder::open("video.mp4")?
.output_format(PixelFormat::Rgba)
.build()?;§Frame Decoding
Frames can be decoded one at a time or using the built-in iterator:
// Decode one frame
if let Some(frame) = decoder.decode_one()? {
println!("Frame at {:?}", frame.timestamp().as_duration());
}
// Iterator form — VideoDecoder implements Iterator directly
for result in &mut decoder {
let frame = result?;
// Process frame...
}§Seeking
The decoder supports efficient seeking:
use ff_decode::SeekMode;
use std::time::Duration;
// Seek to 30 seconds (keyframe)
decoder.seek(Duration::from_secs(30), SeekMode::Keyframe)?;
// Seek to exact frame
decoder.seek(Duration::from_secs(30), SeekMode::Exact)?;Implementations§
Source§impl VideoDecoder
impl VideoDecoder
Sourcepub fn open(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> VideoDecoderBuilder
pub fn open(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> VideoDecoderBuilder
Opens a media file and returns a builder for configuring the decoder.
This is the entry point for creating a decoder. The returned builder allows setting options before the decoder is fully initialized.
§Arguments
path- Path to the media file to decode.
§Examples
use ff_decode::VideoDecoder;
// Simple usage
let decoder = VideoDecoder::open("video.mp4")?
.build()?;
// With options
let decoder = VideoDecoder::open("video.mp4")?
.output_format(PixelFormat::Rgba)
.hardware_accel(HardwareAccel::Auto)
.build()?;§Note
This method does not validate that the file exists or is a valid
media file. Validation occurs when VideoDecoderBuilder::build() is called.
Sourcepub fn stream_info(&self) -> &VideoStreamInfo
pub fn stream_info(&self) -> &VideoStreamInfo
Returns the video stream information.
This contains metadata about the video stream including resolution, frame rate, codec, and color characteristics.
Sourcepub fn frame_rate(&self) -> f64
pub fn frame_rate(&self) -> f64
Returns the frame rate in frames per second.
Sourcepub fn duration(&self) -> Duration
pub fn duration(&self) -> Duration
Returns the total duration of the video.
Returns Duration::ZERO if duration is unknown.
Sourcepub fn duration_opt(&self) -> Option<Duration>
pub fn duration_opt(&self) -> Option<Duration>
Returns the total duration of the video, or None for live streams
or formats that do not carry duration information.
Sourcepub fn container_info(&self) -> &ContainerInfo
pub fn container_info(&self) -> &ContainerInfo
Returns container-level metadata (format name, bitrate, stream count).
Sourcepub fn frame_pool(&self) -> Option<&Arc<dyn FramePool>>
pub fn frame_pool(&self) -> Option<&Arc<dyn FramePool>>
Returns a reference to the frame pool, if configured.
Sourcepub fn hardware_accel(&self) -> HardwareAccel
pub fn hardware_accel(&self) -> HardwareAccel
Returns the currently active hardware acceleration mode.
This method returns the actual hardware acceleration being used, which may differ from what was requested:
- If
HardwareAccel::Autowas requested, this returns the specific accelerator that was successfully initialized (e.g.,HardwareAccel::Nvdec), orHardwareAccel::Noneif no hardware acceleration is available. - If a specific accelerator was requested and initialization failed, the decoder creation would have returned an error.
- If
HardwareAccel::Nonewas requested, this always returnsHardwareAccel::None.
§Examples
use ff_decode::{VideoDecoder, HardwareAccel};
// Request automatic hardware acceleration
let decoder = VideoDecoder::open("video.mp4")?
.hardware_accel(HardwareAccel::Auto)
.build()?;
// Check which accelerator was selected
match decoder.hardware_accel() {
HardwareAccel::None => println!("Using software decoding"),
HardwareAccel::Nvdec => println!("Using NVIDIA NVDEC"),
HardwareAccel::Qsv => println!("Using Intel Quick Sync"),
HardwareAccel::VideoToolbox => println!("Using Apple VideoToolbox"),
HardwareAccel::Vaapi => println!("Using VA-API"),
HardwareAccel::Amf => println!("Using AMD AMF"),
_ => unreachable!(),
}Sourcepub fn decode_one(&mut self) -> Result<Option<VideoFrame>, DecodeError>
pub fn decode_one(&mut self) -> Result<Option<VideoFrame>, DecodeError>
Decodes the next video frame.
This method reads and decodes a single frame from the video stream. Frames are returned in presentation order.
§Returns
Ok(Some(frame))- A frame was successfully decodedOk(None)- End of stream reached, no more framesErr(_)- An error occurred during decoding
§Errors
Returns DecodeError if:
- Reading from the file fails
- Decoding the frame fails
- Pixel format conversion fails
§Examples
use ff_decode::VideoDecoder;
let mut decoder = VideoDecoder::open("video.mp4")?.build()?;
while let Some(frame) = decoder.decode_one()? {
println!("Frame at {:?}", frame.timestamp().as_duration());
// Process frame...
}Sourcepub fn decode_range(
&mut self,
start: Duration,
end: Duration,
) -> Result<Vec<VideoFrame>, DecodeError>
pub fn decode_range( &mut self, start: Duration, end: Duration, ) -> Result<Vec<VideoFrame>, DecodeError>
Decodes all frames within a specified time range.
This method seeks to the start position and decodes all frames until the end position is reached. Frames outside the range are skipped.
§Performance
- The method performs a keyframe seek to the start position
- Frames before
start(from nearest keyframe) are decoded but discarded - All frames within
[start, end)are collected and returned - The decoder position after this call will be at or past
end
For large time ranges or high frame rates, this may allocate significant
memory. Consider iterating manually with decode_one()
for very large ranges.
§Arguments
start- Start of the time range (inclusive).end- End of the time range (exclusive).
§Returns
A vector of frames with timestamps in the range [start, end).
Frames are returned in presentation order.
§Errors
Returns DecodeError if:
- Seeking to the start position fails
- Decoding frames fails
- The time range is invalid (start >= end)
§Examples
use ff_decode::VideoDecoder;
use std::time::Duration;
let mut decoder = VideoDecoder::open("video.mp4")?.build()?;
// Decode frames from 5s to 10s
let frames = decoder.decode_range(
Duration::from_secs(5),
Duration::from_secs(10),
)?;
println!("Decoded {} frames", frames.len());
for frame in frames {
println!("Frame at {:?}", frame.timestamp().as_duration());
}§Memory Usage
At 30fps, a 5-second range will allocate ~150 frames. For 1080p RGBA:
- Each frame: ~8.3 MB (1920 × 1080 × 4 bytes)
- 150 frames: ~1.25 GB
Consider using a frame pool to reduce allocation overhead.
Sourcepub fn seek(
&mut self,
position: Duration,
mode: SeekMode,
) -> Result<(), DecodeError>
pub fn seek( &mut self, position: Duration, mode: SeekMode, ) -> Result<(), DecodeError>
Seeks to a specified position in the video stream.
This method performs efficient seeking without reopening the file, providing significantly better performance than file-reopen-based seeking (5-10ms vs 50-100ms).
§Performance
- Keyframe seeking: 5-10ms (typical GOP 1-2s)
- Exact seeking: 10-50ms depending on GOP size
- Backward seeking: Similar to keyframe seeking
For videos with large GOP sizes (>5 seconds), exact seeking may take longer as it requires decoding all frames from the nearest keyframe to the target.
§Choosing a Seek Mode
-
Use
crate::SeekMode::Keyframefor:- Video player scrubbing (approximate positioning)
- Thumbnail generation
- Quick preview navigation
-
Use
crate::SeekMode::Exactfor:- Frame-accurate editing
- Precise timestamp extraction
- Quality-critical operations
-
Use
crate::SeekMode::Backwardfor:- Guaranteed keyframe positioning
- Preparing for forward playback
§Arguments
position- Target position to seek to.mode- Seek mode determining accuracy and performance.
§Errors
Returns DecodeError::SeekFailed if:
- The target position is beyond the video duration
- The file format doesn’t support seeking
- The seek operation fails internally
§Examples
use ff_decode::{VideoDecoder, SeekMode};
use std::time::Duration;
let mut decoder = VideoDecoder::open("video.mp4")?.build()?;
// Fast seek to 30 seconds (keyframe)
decoder.seek(Duration::from_secs(30), SeekMode::Keyframe)?;
// Exact seek to 1 minute
decoder.seek(Duration::from_secs(60), SeekMode::Exact)?;
// Seek and decode next frame
decoder.seek(Duration::from_secs(10), SeekMode::Keyframe)?;
if let Some(frame) = decoder.decode_one()? {
println!("Frame at {:?}", frame.timestamp().as_duration());
}Sourcepub fn flush(&mut self)
pub fn flush(&mut self)
Flushes the decoder’s internal buffers.
This method clears any cached frames and resets the decoder state. The decoder is ready to receive new packets after flushing.
§When to Use
- After seeking to ensure clean state
- Before switching between different parts of the video
- To clear buffered frames after errors
§Examples
use ff_decode::VideoDecoder;
let mut decoder = VideoDecoder::open("video.mp4")?.build()?;
// Decode some frames...
for _ in 0..10 {
decoder.decode_one()?;
}
// Flush and start fresh
decoder.flush();§Note
Calling seek() automatically flushes the decoder,
so you don’t need to call this method explicitly after seeking.
Sourcepub fn thumbnail_at(
&mut self,
position: Duration,
width: u32,
height: u32,
) -> Result<Option<VideoFrame>, DecodeError>
pub fn thumbnail_at( &mut self, position: Duration, width: u32, height: u32, ) -> Result<Option<VideoFrame>, DecodeError>
Generates a thumbnail at a specific timestamp.
This method seeks to the specified position, decodes a frame, and scales it to the target dimensions. It’s optimized for thumbnail generation by using keyframe seeking for speed.
§Performance
- Seeking: 5-10ms (keyframe mode)
- Decoding: 5-10ms for 1080p H.264
- Scaling: 1-3ms for 1080p → 320x180
- Total: ~10-25ms per thumbnail
§Aspect Ratio
The thumbnail preserves the video’s aspect ratio using a “fit-within” strategy. The output dimensions will be at most the target size, with at least one dimension matching the target. No letterboxing is applied.
§Arguments
position- Timestamp to extract the thumbnail from.width- Target thumbnail width in pixels.height- Target thumbnail height in pixels.
§Returns
A scaled VideoFrame representing the thumbnail.
§Errors
Returns DecodeError if:
- Seeking to the position fails
- No frame can be decoded at that position (returns
Ok(None)) - Scaling fails
§Examples
use ff_decode::VideoDecoder;
use std::time::Duration;
let mut decoder = VideoDecoder::open("video.mp4")?.build()?;
// Generate a 320x180 thumbnail at 5 seconds
let thumbnail = decoder.thumbnail_at(
Duration::from_secs(5),
320,
180,
)?;
assert_eq!(thumbnail.width(), 320);
assert_eq!(thumbnail.height(), 180);§Use Cases
- Video player scrubbing preview
- Timeline thumbnail strips
- Gallery view thumbnails
- Social media preview images
Sourcepub fn thumbnails(
&mut self,
count: usize,
width: u32,
height: u32,
) -> Result<Vec<VideoFrame>, DecodeError>
pub fn thumbnails( &mut self, count: usize, width: u32, height: u32, ) -> Result<Vec<VideoFrame>, DecodeError>
Generates multiple thumbnails evenly distributed across the video.
This method creates a series of thumbnails by dividing the video duration into equal intervals and extracting a frame at each position. This is commonly used for timeline preview strips or video galleries.
§Performance
For a 2-minute video generating 10 thumbnails:
- Per thumbnail: ~10-25ms (see
thumbnail_at()) - Total: ~100-250ms
Performance scales linearly with the number of thumbnails.
§Thumbnail Positions
Thumbnails are extracted at evenly spaced intervals:
- Position 0:
0s - Position 1:
duration / count - Position 2:
2 * (duration / count) - …
- Position N-1:
(N-1) * (duration / count)
§Arguments
count- Number of thumbnails to generate.width- Target thumbnail width in pixels.height- Target thumbnail height in pixels.
§Returns
A vector of VideoFrame thumbnails in temporal order.
§Errors
Returns DecodeError if:
- Any individual thumbnail generation fails (see
thumbnail_at()) - The video duration is unknown (
Duration::ZERO) - Count is zero
§Examples
use ff_decode::VideoDecoder;
let mut decoder = VideoDecoder::open("video.mp4")?.build()?;
// Generate 10 thumbnails at 160x90 resolution
let thumbnails = decoder.thumbnails(10, 160, 90)?;
assert_eq!(thumbnails.len(), 10);
for thumb in thumbnails {
assert_eq!(thumb.width(), 160);
assert_eq!(thumb.height(), 90);
}§Use Cases
- Timeline preview strips (like
YouTube’s timeline hover) - Video gallery grid views
- Storyboard generation for editing
- Video summary/preview pages
§Memory Usage
For 10 thumbnails at 160x90 RGBA:
- Per thumbnail: ~56 KB (160 × 90 × 4 bytes)
- Total: ~560 KB
This is typically acceptable, but consider using a smaller resolution or generating thumbnails on-demand for very large thumbnail counts.
Trait Implementations§
Source§impl Iterator for VideoDecoder
impl Iterator for VideoDecoder
Source§type Item = Result<VideoFrame, DecodeError>
type Item = Result<VideoFrame, DecodeError>
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