Struct datetime_default::DateTimeDefaultNow

pub struct DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32 = 0>(_)
where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy;

DateTime with current time as default.

use chrono::{Local, TimeZone};
use datetime_default::DateTimeDefaultNow;

assert_eq!(
    DateTimeDefaultNow::<Local>::default(),
    Local.datetime_from_str("2022/10/10 23:40:11.695164300", "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S%.9f").unwrap()
);

Methods from Deref<Target = DateTime<Tz>>

pub fn date(&self) -> Date<Tz>

Retrieves a date component

Unless you are immediately planning on turning this into a DateTime with the same Timezone you should use the date_naive method.

use chrono::prelude::*;

let date: Date<Utc> = Utc.ymd(2020, 1, 1);
let dt: DateTime<Utc> = date.and_hms(0, 0, 0);

assert_eq!(dt.date(), date);

assert_eq!(dt.date().and_hms(1, 1, 1), date.and_hms(1, 1, 1));

pub fn date_naive(&self) -> NaiveDate

Retrieves the Date without an associated timezone

NaiveDate is a more well-defined type, and has more traits implemented on it, so should be preferred to Date any time you truly want to operate on Dates.

use chrono::prelude::*;

let date: DateTime<Utc> = Utc.ymd(2020, 1, 1).and_hms(0, 0, 0);
let other: DateTime<FixedOffset> = FixedOffset::east(23).ymd(2020, 1, 1).and_hms(0, 0, 0);
assert_eq!(date.date_naive(), other.date_naive());

pub fn time(&self) -> NaiveTime

Retrieves a time component. Unlike date, this is not associated to the time zone.

pub fn timestamp(&self) -> i64

Returns the number of non-leap seconds since January 1, 1970 0:00:00 UTC (aka “UNIX timestamp”).

pub fn timestamp_millis(&self) -> i64

Returns the number of non-leap-milliseconds since January 1, 1970 UTC

Note that this does reduce the number of years that can be represented from ~584 Billion to ~584 Million. (If this is a problem, please file an issue to let me know what domain needs millisecond precision over billions of years, I’m curious.)

Example

use chrono::Utc;
use chrono::TimeZone;

let dt = Utc.ymd(1970, 1, 1).and_hms_milli(0, 0, 1, 444);
assert_eq!(dt.timestamp_millis(), 1_444);

let dt = Utc.ymd(2001, 9, 9).and_hms_milli(1, 46, 40, 555);
assert_eq!(dt.timestamp_millis(), 1_000_000_000_555);

pub fn timestamp_micros(&self) -> i64

Returns the number of non-leap-microseconds since January 1, 1970 UTC

Note that this does reduce the number of years that can be represented from ~584 Billion to ~584 Thousand. (If this is a problem, please file an issue to let me know what domain needs microsecond precision over millennia, I’m curious.)

Example

use chrono::Utc;
use chrono::TimeZone;

let dt = Utc.ymd(1970, 1, 1).and_hms_micro(0, 0, 1, 444);
assert_eq!(dt.timestamp_micros(), 1_000_444);

let dt = Utc.ymd(2001, 9, 9).and_hms_micro(1, 46, 40, 555);
assert_eq!(dt.timestamp_micros(), 1_000_000_000_000_555);

pub fn timestamp_nanos(&self) -> i64

Returns the number of non-leap-nanoseconds since January 1, 1970 UTC

Note that this does reduce the number of years that can be represented from ~584 Billion to ~584. (If this is a problem, please file an issue to let me know what domain needs nanosecond precision over millennia, I’m curious.)

Example

use chrono::Utc;
use chrono::TimeZone;

let dt = Utc.ymd(1970, 1, 1).and_hms_nano(0, 0, 1, 444);
assert_eq!(dt.timestamp_nanos(), 1_000_000_444);

let dt = Utc.ymd(2001, 9, 9).and_hms_nano(1, 46, 40, 555);
assert_eq!(dt.timestamp_nanos(), 1_000_000_000_000_000_555);

pub fn timestamp_subsec_millis(&self) -> u32

Returns the number of milliseconds since the last second boundary

warning: in event of a leap second, this may exceed 999

note: this is not the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970 0:00:00 UTC

pub fn timestamp_subsec_micros(&self) -> u32

Returns the number of microseconds since the last second boundary

warning: in event of a leap second, this may exceed 999_999

note: this is not the number of microseconds since January 1, 1970 0:00:00 UTC

pub fn timestamp_subsec_nanos(&self) -> u32

Returns the number of nanoseconds since the last second boundary

warning: in event of a leap second, this may exceed 999_999_999

note: this is not the number of nanoseconds since January 1, 1970 0:00:00 UTC

pub fn offset(&self) -> &<Tz as TimeZone>::Offset

Retrieves an associated offset from UTC.

pub fn timezone(&self) -> Tz

Retrieves an associated time zone.

pub fn with_timezone<Tz2>(&self, tz: &Tz2) -> DateTime<Tz2>where
    Tz2: TimeZone,

Changes the associated time zone. The returned DateTime references the same instant of time from the perspective of the provided time zone.

pub fn naive_utc(&self) -> NaiveDateTime

Returns a view to the naive UTC datetime.

pub fn naive_local(&self) -> NaiveDateTime

Returns a view to the naive local datetime.

pub fn years_since(&self, base: DateTime<Tz>) -> Option<u32>

Retrieve the elapsed years from now to the given DateTime.

pub const MIN_UTC: DateTime<Utc> = DateTime{ datetime: NaiveDateTime::MIN, offset: Utc,}

pub const MAX_UTC: DateTime<Utc> = DateTime{ datetime: NaiveDateTime::MAX, offset: Utc,}

pub fn to_rfc2822(&self) -> String

Returns an RFC 2822 date and time string such as Tue, 1 Jul 2003 10:52:37 +0200.

pub fn to_rfc3339(&self) -> String

Returns an RFC 3339 and ISO 8601 date and time string such as 1996-12-19T16:39:57-08:00.

pub fn to_rfc3339_opts(&self, secform: SecondsFormat, use_z: bool) -> String

Return an RFC 3339 and ISO 8601 date and time string with subseconds formatted as per a SecondsFormat.

If passed use_z true and the timezone is UTC (offset 0), use ‘Z’, as per Fixed::TimezoneOffsetColonZ If passed use_z false, use Fixed::TimezoneOffsetColon

Examples

let dt = Utc.ymd(2018, 1, 26).and_hms_micro(18, 30, 9, 453_829);
assert_eq!(dt.to_rfc3339_opts(SecondsFormat::Millis, false),
           "2018-01-26T18:30:09.453+00:00");
assert_eq!(dt.to_rfc3339_opts(SecondsFormat::Millis, true),
           "2018-01-26T18:30:09.453Z");
assert_eq!(dt.to_rfc3339_opts(SecondsFormat::Secs, true),
           "2018-01-26T18:30:09Z");

let pst = FixedOffset::east(8 * 60 * 60);
let dt = pst.ymd(2018, 1, 26).and_hms_micro(10, 30, 9, 453_829);
assert_eq!(dt.to_rfc3339_opts(SecondsFormat::Secs, true),
           "2018-01-26T10:30:09+08:00");

pub fn format_with_items<'a, I, B>(&self, items: I) -> DelayedFormat<I>where
    I: Iterator<Item = B> + Clone,
    B: Borrow<Item<'a>>,

Formats the combined date and time with the specified formatting items.

pub fn format(&self, fmt: &'a str) -> DelayedFormat<StrftimeItems<'a>>

Formats the combined date and time with the specified format string. See the crate::format::strftime module on the supported escape sequences.

Example

use chrono::prelude::*;

let date_time: DateTime<Utc> = Utc.ymd(2017, 04, 02).and_hms(12, 50, 32);
let formatted = format!("{}", date_time.format("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M"));
assert_eq!(formatted, "02/04/2017 12:50");

Trait Implementations

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Add<Duration> for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

type Output = DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>

The resulting type after applying the + operator.

fn add(self, rhs: Duration) -> Self::Output

Performs the + operation.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Add<FixedOffset> for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

type Output = DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>

The resulting type after applying the + operator.

fn add(self, rhs: FixedOffset) -> Self::Output

Performs the + operation.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> AddAssign<Duration> for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

fn add_assign(&mut self, rhs: Duration)

Performs the += operation.

impl<Tz: Clone, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Clone for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

fn clone(&self) -> DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>

Returns a copy of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Datelike for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

fn year(&self) -> i32

Returns the year number in the calendar date.

fn month(&self) -> u32

Returns the month number starting from 1.

fn month0(&self) -> u32

Returns the month number starting from 0.

fn day(&self) -> u32

Returns the day of month starting from 1.

fn day0(&self) -> u32

Returns the day of month starting from 0.

fn ordinal(&self) -> u32

Returns the day of year starting from 1.

fn ordinal0(&self) -> u32

Returns the day of year starting from 0.

fn weekday(&self) -> Weekday

Returns the day of week.

fn iso_week(&self) -> IsoWeek

Returns the ISO week.

fn with_year(&self, year: i32) -> Option<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>>

Makes a new value with the year number changed.

fn with_month(&self, month: u32) -> Option<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>>

Makes a new value with the month number (starting from 1) changed.

fn with_month0(
    &self,
    month0: u32
) -> Option<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>>

Makes a new value with the month number (starting from 0) changed.

fn with_day(&self, day: u32) -> Option<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>>

Makes a new value with the day of month (starting from 1) changed.

fn with_day0(&self, day0: u32) -> Option<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>>

Makes a new value with the day of month (starting from 0) changed.

fn with_ordinal(
    &self,
    ordinal: u32
) -> Option<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>>

Makes a new value with the day of year (starting from 1) changed.

fn with_ordinal0(
    &self,
    ordinal0: u32
) -> Option<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>>

Makes a new value with the day of year (starting from 0) changed.

fn year_ce(&self) -> (bool, u32)

Returns the absolute year number starting from 1 with a boolean flag, which is false when the year predates the epoch (BCE/BC) and true otherwise (CE/AD).

fn num_days_from_ce(&self) -> i32

Counts the days in the proleptic Gregorian calendar, with January 1, Year 1 (CE) as day 1.

impl<Tz: Debug, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Debug for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Default for DateTimeDefaultNow<FixedOffset, OFFSET_HOURS>

fn default() -> Self

Returns the “default value” for a type.

impl Default for DateTimeDefaultNow<Local, 0>

fn default() -> Self

Returns the “default value” for a type.

impl Default for DateTimeDefaultNow<Utc, 0>

fn default() -> Self

Returns the “default value” for a type.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Deref for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

type Target = DateTime<Tz>

The resulting type after dereferencing.

fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target

Dereferences the value.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Display for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy + Display,

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> DurationRound for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

type Err = RoundingError

Error that can occur in rounding or truncating

fn duration_round(self, duration: Duration) -> Result<Self, Self::Err>

Return a copy rounded by Duration.

fn duration_trunc(self, duration: Duration) -> Result<Self, Self::Err>

Return a copy truncated by Duration.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> From<DateTime<Tz>> for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

fn from(datetime: DateTime<Tz>) -> Self

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl<const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> FromStr for DateTimeDefaultNow<FixedOffset, OFFSET_HOURS>

type Err = ParseError

The associated error which can be returned from parsing.

fn from_str(
    s: &str
) -> ParseResult<DateTimeDefaultNow<FixedOffset, OFFSET_HOURS>>

Parses a string s to return a value of this type.

impl<const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> FromStr for DateTimeDefaultNow<Local, OFFSET_HOURS>

type Err = ParseError

The associated error which can be returned from parsing.

fn from_str(s: &str) -> ParseResult<DateTimeDefaultNow<Local, OFFSET_HOURS>>

Parses a string s to return a value of this type.

impl<const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> FromStr for DateTimeDefaultNow<Utc, OFFSET_HOURS>

type Err = ParseError

The associated error which can be returned from parsing.

fn from_str(s: &str) -> ParseResult<DateTimeDefaultNow<Utc, OFFSET_HOURS>>

Parses a string s to return a value of this type.

impl<Tz: Hash, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Hash for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

fn hash<__H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut __H)

Feeds this value into the given Hasher.

fn hash_slice<H>(data: &[Self], state: &mut H)where
    H: Hasher,

Feeds a slice of this type into the given Hasher.

impl<Tz: Ord, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Ord for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

fn cmp(&self, other: &DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>) -> Ordering

This method returns an Ordering between self and other.

fn max(self, other: Self) -> Self

Compares and returns the maximum of two values.

fn min(self, other: Self) -> Self

Compares and returns the minimum of two values.

fn clamp(self, min: Self, max: Self) -> Selfwhere
    Self: PartialOrd<Self>,

Restrict a value to a certain interval.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> PartialEq<DateTime<Tz>> for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

fn eq(&self, other: &DateTime<Tz>) -> bool

This method tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> PartialEq<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>> for DateTime<Tz>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

fn eq(&self, other: &DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>) -> bool

This method tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.

impl<Tz: PartialEq, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> PartialEq<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>> for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

fn eq(&self, other: &DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>) -> bool

This method tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> PartialOrd<DateTime<Tz>> for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &DateTime<Tz>) -> Option<Ordering>

This method returns an ordering between self and other values if one exists.

fn lt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than (for self and other) and is used by the < operator.

fn le(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the <= operator.

fn gt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than (for self and other) and is used by the > operator.

fn ge(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the >= operator.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> PartialOrd<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>> for DateTime<Tz>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

fn partial_cmp(
    &self,
    other: &DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>
) -> Option<Ordering>

This method returns an ordering between self and other values if one exists.

fn lt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than (for self and other) and is used by the < operator.

fn le(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the <= operator.

fn gt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than (for self and other) and is used by the > operator.

fn ge(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the >= operator.

impl<Tz: PartialOrd, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> PartialOrd<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>> for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

fn partial_cmp(
    &self,
    other: &DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>
) -> Option<Ordering>

This method returns an ordering between self and other values if one exists.

fn lt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than (for self and other) and is used by the < operator.

fn le(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the <= operator.

fn gt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than (for self and other) and is used by the > operator.

fn ge(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the >= operator.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Sub<DateTime<Tz>> for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

type Output = Duration

The resulting type after applying the - operator.

fn sub(self, rhs: DateTime<Tz>) -> Duration

Performs the - operation.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Sub<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>> for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

type Output = Duration

The resulting type after applying the - operator.

fn sub(self, rhs: DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>) -> Duration

Performs the - operation.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Sub<Duration> for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

type Output = DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>

The resulting type after applying the - operator.

fn sub(self, rhs: Duration) -> Self::Output

Performs the - operation.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Sub<FixedOffset> for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

type Output = DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>

The resulting type after applying the - operator.

fn sub(self, rhs: FixedOffset) -> Self::Output

Performs the - operation.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> SubAssign<Duration> for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

fn sub_assign(&mut self, rhs: Duration)

Performs the -= operation.

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Timelike for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

fn hour(&self) -> u32

Returns the hour number from 0 to 23.

fn minute(&self) -> u32

Returns the minute number from 0 to 59.

fn second(&self) -> u32

Returns the second number from 0 to 59.

fn nanosecond(&self) -> u32

Returns the number of nanoseconds since the whole non-leap second. The range from 1,000,000,000 to 1,999,999,999 represents the leap second.

fn with_hour(&self, hour: u32) -> Option<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>>

Makes a new value with the hour number changed.

fn with_minute(&self, min: u32) -> Option<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>>

Makes a new value with the minute number changed.

fn with_second(&self, sec: u32) -> Option<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>>

Makes a new value with the second number changed.

fn with_nanosecond(
    &self,
    nano: u32
) -> Option<DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>>

Makes a new value with nanoseconds since the whole non-leap second changed.

fn hour12(&self) -> (bool, u32)

Returns the hour number from 1 to 12 with a boolean flag, which is false for AM and true for PM.

fn num_seconds_from_midnight(&self) -> u32

Returns the number of non-leap seconds past the last midnight.

impl<Tz: Copy, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Copy for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

impl<Tz: Eq, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> Eq for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> StructuralEq for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,

impl<Tz, const OFFSET_HOURS: i32> StructuralPartialEq for DateTimeDefaultNow<Tz, OFFSET_HOURS>where
    Tz: TimeZone,
    <Tz as TimeZone>::Offset: Copy,