zvec-rust-sys 0.7.0

Raw FFI bindings to the zvec C-API
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
//! Raw FFI bindings to the zvec C-API.
//!
//! This crate provides low-level Rust bindings to the zvec vector database C library.
//! It exposes opaque pointer types, constants, and function declarations that mirror
//! the C API exactly. For a safer, more idiomatic Rust interface, consider using the
//! higher-level `zvec` crate which wraps these raw bindings.
//!
//! # Safety
//!
//! All functions in this crate are `unsafe` by nature as they interact with C code.
//! Proper memory management and lifetime handling is the responsibility of the caller.

#![allow(non_camel_case_types, non_upper_case_globals)]

use std::os::raw::{c_char, c_int, c_void};

// =============================================================================
// Opaque Pointer Types
// =============================================================================

/// Opaque pointer to a vector collection instance.
/// Represents an opened collection that can be used for read/write operations.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_collection_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to a collection schema definition.
/// Defines the structure of fields and indexes in a collection.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_collection_schema_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to a field schema definition.
/// Defines the properties of a single field including type, index, etc.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_field_schema_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to index configuration parameters.
/// Contains settings for HNSW, IVF, or other index types.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_index_params_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to a document instance.
/// Represents a single record with fields and values in a collection.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_doc_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to a vector query object.
/// Configures search parameters for vector similarity queries.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_vector_query_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to a group-by vector query object.
/// Configures grouped vector search with aggregation parameters.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_group_by_vector_query_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to collection opening options.
/// Controls behavior like MMAP, buffer size, and read-only mode.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_collection_options_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to collection statistics data.
/// Contains metrics like document count and index completeness.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_collection_stats_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to global configuration data.
/// Manages memory limits, thread counts, and other system-wide settings.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_config_data_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to logging configuration.
/// Controls log level, output type (console/file), and file rotation settings.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_log_config_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to HNSW index query parameters.
/// Configures ef, radius, and refiner settings for HNSW searches.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_hnsw_query_params_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to IVF index query parameters.
/// Configures nprobe, scale factor, and refiner settings for IVF searches.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_ivf_query_params_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to IVF RaBitQ index query parameters.
/// Configures nprobe, scale factor, and refiner settings for IVF RaBitQ searches.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to flat index query parameters.
/// Configures scale factor and refiner settings for brute-force searches.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_flat_query_params_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to Vamana index query parameters.
/// Configures ef_search, radius, and refiner settings for Vamana searches.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_vamana_query_params_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to DiskANN index query parameters.
/// Configures list_size, radius, and refiner settings for DiskANN searches.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_diskann_query_params_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to FTS query parameters.
/// Controls the default boolean operator for adjacent bare terms.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_fts_query_params_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to FTS query payload.
/// Holds query_string (boolean expression) and match_string (natural-language).
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_fts_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to a multi-query object.
/// Combines multiple sub-queries with a re-ranking strategy (RRF / Weighted).
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_multi_query_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to a sub-query object used inside a multi-query.
/// Carries a per-field vector or sparse vector and index-specific parameters.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_sub_query_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to a document iterator for full collection traversal.
/// Created by `zvec_collection_create_iterator`, released by `zvec_doc_iterator_close`.
/// Iterates over an isolated snapshot taken at creation time.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_doc_iterator_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

/// Opaque pointer to document iterator options.
/// Controls which scalar fields and whether vectors are returned.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_iterator_options_t {
    _private: [u8; 0],
}

// =============================================================================
// Type Aliases
// =============================================================================

/// Error code returned by zvec functions.
pub type zvec_error_code_t = u32;
/// Data type identifier for field values.
pub type zvec_data_type_t = u32;
/// Index algorithm type identifier.
pub type zvec_index_type_t = u32;
/// Distance metric type for vector similarity.
pub type zvec_metric_type_t = u32;
/// Quantization type for vector compression.
pub type zvec_quantize_type_t = u32;
/// Log severity level.
pub type zvec_log_level_t = u32;
/// Log output destination type.
pub type zvec_log_type_t = u32;
/// Document operation type (insert/update/delete).
pub type zvec_doc_operator_t = u32;

// =============================================================================
// Error Code Constants
// =============================================================================

/// Operation completed successfully.
pub const ZVEC_OK: zvec_error_code_t = 0;
/// Requested resource was not found.
pub const ZVEC_ERROR_NOT_FOUND: zvec_error_code_t = 1;
/// Resource already exists.
pub const ZVEC_ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: zvec_error_code_t = 2;
/// Invalid argument provided.
pub const ZVEC_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT: zvec_error_code_t = 3;
/// Permission denied for the operation.
pub const ZVEC_ERROR_PERMISSION_DENIED: zvec_error_code_t = 4;
/// Operation failed due to unmet precondition.
pub const ZVEC_ERROR_FAILED_PRECONDITION: zvec_error_code_t = 5;
/// System resources exhausted.
pub const ZVEC_ERROR_RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED: zvec_error_code_t = 6;
/// Service is currently unavailable.
pub const ZVEC_ERROR_UNAVAILABLE: zvec_error_code_t = 7;
/// Internal system error occurred.
pub const ZVEC_ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR: zvec_error_code_t = 8;
/// Operation is not supported.
pub const ZVEC_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED: zvec_error_code_t = 9;
/// Unknown error occurred.
pub const ZVEC_ERROR_UNKNOWN: zvec_error_code_t = 10;

// =============================================================================
// Data Type Constants
// =============================================================================

/// Undefined data type.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_UNDEFINED: zvec_data_type_t = 0;
/// Binary data type.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_BINARY: zvec_data_type_t = 1;
/// String data type.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_STRING: zvec_data_type_t = 2;
/// Boolean data type.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_BOOL: zvec_data_type_t = 3;
/// 32-bit signed integer.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_INT32: zvec_data_type_t = 4;
/// 64-bit signed integer.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_INT64: zvec_data_type_t = 5;
/// 32-bit unsigned integer.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_UINT32: zvec_data_type_t = 6;
/// 64-bit unsigned integer.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_UINT64: zvec_data_type_t = 7;
/// 32-bit floating point.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_FLOAT: zvec_data_type_t = 8;
/// 64-bit floating point.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_DOUBLE: zvec_data_type_t = 9;
/// Dense vector with binary32 (float) elements.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_VECTOR_BINARY32: zvec_data_type_t = 20;
/// Dense vector with binary64 (double) elements.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_VECTOR_BINARY64: zvec_data_type_t = 21;
/// Dense vector with FP16 (half precision) elements.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_VECTOR_FP16: zvec_data_type_t = 22;
/// Dense vector with FP32 (single precision) elements.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_VECTOR_FP32: zvec_data_type_t = 23;
/// Dense vector with FP64 (double precision) elements.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_VECTOR_FP64: zvec_data_type_t = 24;
/// Dense vector with INT4 quantized elements.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_VECTOR_INT4: zvec_data_type_t = 25;
/// Dense vector with INT8 quantized elements.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_VECTOR_INT8: zvec_data_type_t = 26;
/// Dense vector with INT16 quantized elements.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_VECTOR_INT16: zvec_data_type_t = 27;
/// Sparse vector with FP16 elements.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_SPARSE_VECTOR_FP16: zvec_data_type_t = 30;
/// Sparse vector with FP32 elements.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_SPARSE_VECTOR_FP32: zvec_data_type_t = 31;
/// Array of binary values.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_ARRAY_BINARY: zvec_data_type_t = 40;
/// Array of strings.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_ARRAY_STRING: zvec_data_type_t = 41;
/// Array of booleans.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_ARRAY_BOOL: zvec_data_type_t = 42;
/// Array of 32-bit signed integers.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_ARRAY_INT32: zvec_data_type_t = 43;
/// Array of 64-bit signed integers.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_ARRAY_INT64: zvec_data_type_t = 44;
/// Array of 32-bit unsigned integers.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_ARRAY_UINT32: zvec_data_type_t = 45;
/// Array of 64-bit unsigned integers.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_ARRAY_UINT64: zvec_data_type_t = 46;
/// Array of 32-bit floats.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_ARRAY_FLOAT: zvec_data_type_t = 47;
/// Array of 64-bit doubles.
pub const ZVEC_DATA_TYPE_ARRAY_DOUBLE: zvec_data_type_t = 48;

// =============================================================================
// Index Type Constants
// =============================================================================

/// Undefined index type.
pub const ZVEC_INDEX_TYPE_UNDEFINED: zvec_index_type_t = 0;
/// HNSW (Hierarchical Navigable Small World) graph index.
pub const ZVEC_INDEX_TYPE_HNSW: zvec_index_type_t = 1;
/// IVF (Inverted File Index) with clustering.
pub const ZVEC_INDEX_TYPE_IVF: zvec_index_type_t = 2;
/// Flat/brute-force index (exact search).
pub const ZVEC_INDEX_TYPE_FLAT: zvec_index_type_t = 3;
/// HNSW graph index with RaBitQ quantization.
pub const ZVEC_INDEX_TYPE_HNSW_RABITQ: zvec_index_type_t = 4;
/// DiskANN disk-based graph index.
pub const ZVEC_INDEX_TYPE_DISKANN: zvec_index_type_t = 5;
/// Vamana disk-based graph index.
pub const ZVEC_INDEX_TYPE_VAMANA: zvec_index_type_t = 6;
/// IVF index with RaBitQ quantization.
pub const ZVEC_INDEX_TYPE_IVF_RABITQ: zvec_index_type_t = 7;
/// Inverted index for scalar field filtering.
pub const ZVEC_INDEX_TYPE_INVERT: zvec_index_type_t = 10;
/// Full-text search index.
pub const ZVEC_INDEX_TYPE_FTS: zvec_index_type_t = 11;

// =============================================================================
// Metric Type Constants
// =============================================================================

/// Undefined metric type.
pub const ZVEC_METRIC_TYPE_UNDEFINED: zvec_metric_type_t = 0;
/// L2 (Euclidean) distance.
pub const ZVEC_METRIC_TYPE_L2: zvec_metric_type_t = 1;
/// Inner product (dot product).
pub const ZVEC_METRIC_TYPE_IP: zvec_metric_type_t = 2;
/// Cosine similarity.
pub const ZVEC_METRIC_TYPE_COSINE: zvec_metric_type_t = 3;
/// MIPS converted to L2 distance.
pub const ZVEC_METRIC_TYPE_MIPSL2: zvec_metric_type_t = 4;

// =============================================================================
// Quantize Type Constants
// =============================================================================

/// Undefined quantization type.
pub const ZVEC_QUANTIZE_TYPE_UNDEFINED: zvec_quantize_type_t = 0;
/// FP16 (half precision) quantization.
pub const ZVEC_QUANTIZE_TYPE_FP16: zvec_quantize_type_t = 1;
/// INT8 (8-bit integer) quantization.
pub const ZVEC_QUANTIZE_TYPE_INT8: zvec_quantize_type_t = 2;
/// INT4 (4-bit integer) quantization.
pub const ZVEC_QUANTIZE_TYPE_INT4: zvec_quantize_type_t = 3;
/// RaBitQ quantization.
pub const ZVEC_QUANTIZE_TYPE_RABITQ: zvec_quantize_type_t = 4;

// =============================================================================
// Log Level Constants
// =============================================================================

/// Debug level logging (most verbose).
pub const ZVEC_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG: zvec_log_level_t = 0;
/// Info level logging.
pub const ZVEC_LOG_LEVEL_INFO: zvec_log_level_t = 1;
/// Warning level logging.
pub const ZVEC_LOG_LEVEL_WARN: zvec_log_level_t = 2;
/// Error level logging.
pub const ZVEC_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR: zvec_log_level_t = 3;
/// Fatal level logging (least verbose, critical errors only).
pub const ZVEC_LOG_LEVEL_FATAL: zvec_log_level_t = 4;

// =============================================================================
// Log Type Constants
// =============================================================================

/// Console output logging.
pub const ZVEC_LOG_TYPE_CONSOLE: zvec_log_type_t = 0;
/// File output logging.
pub const ZVEC_LOG_TYPE_FILE: zvec_log_type_t = 1;

// =============================================================================
// Doc Operator Constants
// =============================================================================

/// Insert operation (fails if document exists).
pub const ZVEC_DOC_OP_INSERT: zvec_doc_operator_t = 0;
/// Update operation (fails if document doesn't exist).
pub const ZVEC_DOC_OP_UPDATE: zvec_doc_operator_t = 1;
/// Upsert operation (insert or update).
pub const ZVEC_DOC_OP_UPSERT: zvec_doc_operator_t = 2;
/// Delete operation.
pub const ZVEC_DOC_OP_DELETE: zvec_doc_operator_t = 3;

// =============================================================================
// Non-Opaque Structures
// =============================================================================

/// A non-owning view of a string (pointer + length).
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_string_view_t {
    pub data: *const c_char,
    pub length: usize,
}

/// An owning, mutable string with capacity tracking.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_string_t {
    pub data: *mut c_char,
    pub length: usize,
    pub capacity: usize,
}

/// An array of owned strings.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_string_array_t {
    pub strings: *mut zvec_string_t,
    pub count: usize,
}

/// A view of a float array (non-owning).
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_float_array_t {
    pub data: *const f32,
    pub length: usize,
}

/// A view of an int64 array (non-owning).
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_int64_array_t {
    pub data: *const i64,
    pub length: usize,
}

/// A view of a byte array (non-owning).
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_byte_array_t {
    pub data: *const u8,
    pub length: usize,
}

/// A mutable, owning byte array with capacity tracking.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_mutable_byte_array_t {
    pub data: *mut u8,
    pub length: usize,
    pub capacity: usize,
}

/// Result of a write operation (insert/update/delete).
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_write_result_t {
    pub code: zvec_error_code_t,
    pub message: *const c_char,
}

/// Detailed error information including source location.
#[repr(C)]
pub struct zvec_error_details_t {
    pub code: zvec_error_code_t,
    pub message: *const c_char,
    pub file: *const c_char,
    pub line: c_int,
    pub function: *const c_char,
}

// =============================================================================
// FFI Function Declarations
// =============================================================================

extern "C" {
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Version
    // Functions for retrieving library version information.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_get_version() -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_check_version(major: c_int, minor: c_int, patch: c_int) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_get_version_major() -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_get_version_minor() -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_get_version_patch() -> c_int;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Error
    // Functions for error handling and retrieval.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_get_last_error_details(
        error_details: *mut zvec_error_details_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_get_last_error(error_msg: *mut *mut c_char) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_clear_error();
    pub fn zvec_error_code_to_string(error_code: zvec_error_code_t) -> *const c_char;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // String Management
    // Functions for creating, manipulating, and freeing string objects.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_string_create(str: *const c_char) -> *mut zvec_string_t;
    pub fn zvec_string_create_from_view(view: *const zvec_string_view_t) -> *mut zvec_string_t;
    pub fn zvec_bin_create(data: *const u8, length: usize) -> *mut zvec_string_t;
    pub fn zvec_string_copy(str: *const zvec_string_t) -> *mut zvec_string_t;
    pub fn zvec_string_c_str(str: *const zvec_string_t) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_string_length(str: *const zvec_string_t) -> usize;
    pub fn zvec_string_compare(str1: *const zvec_string_t, str2: *const zvec_string_t) -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_free_string(str: *mut zvec_string_t);

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Array Management
    // Functions for creating and managing arrays of various types.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_string_array_create(count: usize) -> *mut zvec_string_array_t;
    pub fn zvec_string_array_add(array: *mut zvec_string_array_t, idx: usize, str: *const c_char);
    pub fn zvec_string_array_destroy(array: *mut zvec_string_array_t);
    pub fn zvec_byte_array_create(capacity: usize) -> *mut zvec_mutable_byte_array_t;
    pub fn zvec_byte_array_destroy(array: *mut zvec_mutable_byte_array_t);
    pub fn zvec_float_array_create(count: usize) -> *mut zvec_float_array_t;
    pub fn zvec_float_array_destroy(array: *mut zvec_float_array_t);
    pub fn zvec_int64_array_create(count: usize) -> *mut zvec_int64_array_t;
    pub fn zvec_int64_array_destroy(array: *mut zvec_int64_array_t);
    pub fn zvec_free_uint8_array(array: *mut u8);

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Memory
    // Functions for memory allocation and deallocation.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_malloc(size: usize) -> *mut c_void;
    pub fn zvec_free(ptr: *mut c_void);

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Log Configuration
    // Functions for configuring logging behavior.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_config_log_create_console(level: zvec_log_level_t) -> *mut zvec_log_config_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_log_create_file(
        level: zvec_log_level_t,
        dir: *const c_char,
        basename: *const c_char,
        file_size: u32,
        overdue_days: u32,
    ) -> *mut zvec_log_config_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_log_destroy(config: *mut zvec_log_config_t);
    pub fn zvec_config_log_get_level(config: *const zvec_log_config_t) -> zvec_log_level_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_log_set_level(
        config: *mut zvec_log_config_t,
        level: zvec_log_level_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_log_is_file_type(config: *const zvec_log_config_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_config_log_get_dir(config: *const zvec_log_config_t) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_config_log_set_dir(
        config: *mut zvec_log_config_t,
        dir: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_log_get_basename(config: *const zvec_log_config_t) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_config_log_set_basename(
        config: *mut zvec_log_config_t,
        basename: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_log_get_file_size(config: *const zvec_log_config_t) -> u32;
    pub fn zvec_config_log_set_file_size(
        config: *mut zvec_log_config_t,
        file_size: u32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_log_get_overdue_days(config: *const zvec_log_config_t) -> u32;
    pub fn zvec_config_log_set_overdue_days(
        config: *mut zvec_log_config_t,
        days: u32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Global Configuration
    // Functions for managing global system configuration.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_config_data_create() -> *mut zvec_config_data_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_data_destroy(config: *mut zvec_config_data_t);
    pub fn zvec_config_data_set_memory_limit(
        config: *mut zvec_config_data_t,
        memory_limit_bytes: u64,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_data_get_memory_limit(config: *const zvec_config_data_t) -> u64;
    pub fn zvec_config_data_set_log_config(
        config: *mut zvec_config_data_t,
        log_config: *mut zvec_log_config_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_data_get_log_type(config: *const zvec_config_data_t) -> zvec_log_type_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_data_set_query_thread_count(
        config: *mut zvec_config_data_t,
        thread_count: u32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_data_get_query_thread_count(config: *const zvec_config_data_t) -> u32;
    pub fn zvec_config_data_set_invert_to_forward_scan_ratio(
        config: *mut zvec_config_data_t,
        ratio: f32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_data_get_invert_to_forward_scan_ratio(
        config: *const zvec_config_data_t,
    ) -> f32;
    pub fn zvec_config_data_set_brute_force_by_keys_ratio(
        config: *mut zvec_config_data_t,
        ratio: f32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_data_get_brute_force_by_keys_ratio(config: *const zvec_config_data_t)
        -> f32;
    pub fn zvec_config_data_set_fts_brute_force_by_keys_ratio(
        config: *mut zvec_config_data_t,
        ratio: f32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_data_get_fts_brute_force_by_keys_ratio(
        config: *const zvec_config_data_t,
    ) -> f32;
    pub fn zvec_config_data_set_optimize_thread_count(
        config: *mut zvec_config_data_t,
        thread_count: u32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_config_data_get_optimize_thread_count(config: *const zvec_config_data_t) -> u32;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Initialization
    // Functions for initializing and shutting down the library.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_initialize(config: *const zvec_config_data_t) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_shutdown() -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_is_initialized() -> bool;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Index Parameters
    // Functions for creating and configuring index parameters.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_index_params_create(index_type: zvec_index_type_t) -> *mut zvec_index_params_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_destroy(params: *mut zvec_index_params_t);
    pub fn zvec_index_params_get_type(params: *const zvec_index_params_t) -> zvec_index_type_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_set_metric_type(
        params: *mut zvec_index_params_t,
        metric_type: zvec_metric_type_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_get_metric_type(
        params: *const zvec_index_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_metric_type_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_set_quantize_type(
        params: *mut zvec_index_params_t,
        quantize_type: zvec_quantize_type_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_get_quantize_type(
        params: *const zvec_index_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_quantize_type_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_set_hnsw_params(
        params: *mut zvec_index_params_t,
        m: c_int,
        ef_construction: c_int,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_get_hnsw_m(params: *const zvec_index_params_t) -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_get_hnsw_ef_construction(params: *const zvec_index_params_t) -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_set_ivf_params(
        params: *mut zvec_index_params_t,
        n_list: c_int,
        n_iters: c_int,
        use_soar: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_get_ivf_params(
        params: *const zvec_index_params_t,
        out_n_list: *mut c_int,
        out_n_iters: *mut c_int,
        out_use_soar: *mut bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_set_vamana_params(
        params: *mut zvec_index_params_t,
        max_degree: c_int,
        search_list_size: c_int,
        alpha: f32,
        saturate_graph: bool,
        use_contiguous_memory: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_get_vamana_params(
        params: *const zvec_index_params_t,
        out_max_degree: *mut c_int,
        out_search_list_size: *mut c_int,
        out_alpha: *mut f32,
        out_saturate_graph: *mut bool,
        out_use_contiguous_memory: *mut bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_set_vamana_two_pass_build(
        params: *mut zvec_index_params_t,
        two_pass_build: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_get_vamana_two_pass_build(params: *const zvec_index_params_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_set_diskann_params(
        params: *mut zvec_index_params_t,
        max_degree: c_int,
        list_size: c_int,
        pq_chunk_num: c_int,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_get_diskann_max_degree(params: *const zvec_index_params_t) -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_get_diskann_list_size(params: *const zvec_index_params_t) -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_get_diskann_pq_chunk_num(params: *const zvec_index_params_t) -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_set_ivf_rabitq_params(
        params: *mut zvec_index_params_t,
        nlist: c_int,
        total_bits: c_int,
        sample_count: c_int,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_get_ivf_rabitq_params(
        params: *const zvec_index_params_t,
        out_nlist: *mut c_int,
        out_total_bits: *mut c_int,
        out_sample_count: *mut c_int,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_set_invert_params(
        params: *mut zvec_index_params_t,
        enable_range_opt: bool,
        enable_wildcard: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_get_invert_params(
        params: *const zvec_index_params_t,
        out_enable_range_opt: *mut bool,
        out_enable_wildcard: *mut bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_set_fts_params(
        params: *mut zvec_index_params_t,
        tokenizer_name: *const c_char,
        filters: *const zvec_string_array_t,
        extra_params: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_index_params_get_fts_params(
        params: *const zvec_index_params_t,
        out_tokenizer_name: *mut *const c_char,
        out_filters: *mut *mut zvec_string_array_t,
        out_extra_params: *mut *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Field Schema
    // Functions for creating and managing field schema definitions.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_create(
        name: *const c_char,
        data_type: zvec_data_type_t,
        nullable: bool,
        dimension: u32,
    ) -> *mut zvec_field_schema_t;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_destroy(schema: *mut zvec_field_schema_t);
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_set_name(
        schema: *mut zvec_field_schema_t,
        name: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_get_name(schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_get_data_type(schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t) -> zvec_data_type_t;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_set_data_type(
        schema: *mut zvec_field_schema_t,
        data_type: zvec_data_type_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_get_element_data_type(
        schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t,
    ) -> zvec_data_type_t;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_get_element_data_size(schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t) -> usize;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_is_vector_field(schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_is_dense_vector(schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_is_sparse_vector(schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_is_nullable(schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_set_nullable(
        schema: *mut zvec_field_schema_t,
        nullable: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_has_invert_index(schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_is_array_type(schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_get_dimension(schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t) -> u32;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_set_dimension(
        schema: *mut zvec_field_schema_t,
        dimension: u32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_get_index_type(
        schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t,
    ) -> zvec_index_type_t;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_has_index(schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_get_index_params(
        schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t,
    ) -> *const zvec_index_params_t;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_set_index_params(
        schema: *mut zvec_field_schema_t,
        index_params: *const zvec_index_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_field_schema_validate(
        schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t,
        error_msg: *mut *mut zvec_string_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Collection Schema
    // Functions for creating and managing collection schema definitions.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_create(name: *const c_char) -> *mut zvec_collection_schema_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_destroy(schema: *mut zvec_collection_schema_t);
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_get_name(
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
    ) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_set_name(
        schema: *mut zvec_collection_schema_t,
        name: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_add_field(
        schema: *mut zvec_collection_schema_t,
        field: *const zvec_field_schema_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_alter_field(
        schema: *mut zvec_collection_schema_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
        new_field: *const zvec_field_schema_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_drop_field(
        schema: *mut zvec_collection_schema_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_has_field(
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
    ) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_get_field(
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
    ) -> *mut zvec_field_schema_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_get_forward_field(
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
    ) -> *mut zvec_field_schema_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_get_vector_field(
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
    ) -> *mut zvec_field_schema_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_get_forward_fields(
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
        fields: *mut *mut *mut zvec_field_schema_t,
        count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_get_forward_fields_with_index(
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
        fields: *mut *mut *mut zvec_field_schema_t,
        count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_get_forward_field_names(
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
        names: *mut *mut *const c_char,
        count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_get_forward_field_names_with_index(
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
        names: *mut *mut *const c_char,
        count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_get_all_field_names(
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
        names: *mut *mut *const c_char,
        count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_get_vector_fields(
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
        fields: *mut *mut *mut zvec_field_schema_t,
        count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_get_max_doc_count_per_segment(
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
    ) -> u64;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_set_max_doc_count_per_segment(
        schema: *mut zvec_collection_schema_t,
        max_doc_count: u64,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_validate(
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
        error_msg: *mut *mut zvec_string_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_add_index(
        schema: *mut zvec_collection_schema_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
        index_params: *const zvec_index_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_drop_index(
        schema: *mut zvec_collection_schema_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_schema_has_index(
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
    ) -> bool;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Collection Options
    // Functions for configuring collection opening options.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_collection_options_create() -> *mut zvec_collection_options_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_options_destroy(options: *mut zvec_collection_options_t);
    pub fn zvec_collection_options_set_enable_mmap(
        options: *mut zvec_collection_options_t,
        enable: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_options_get_enable_mmap(
        options: *const zvec_collection_options_t,
    ) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_collection_options_set_max_buffer_size(
        options: *mut zvec_collection_options_t,
        size: usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_options_get_max_buffer_size(
        options: *const zvec_collection_options_t,
    ) -> usize;
    pub fn zvec_collection_options_set_read_only(
        options: *mut zvec_collection_options_t,
        read_only: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_options_get_read_only(options: *const zvec_collection_options_t)
        -> bool;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Collection Statistics
    // Functions for retrieving collection statistics.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_collection_stats_get_doc_count(stats: *const zvec_collection_stats_t) -> u64;
    pub fn zvec_collection_stats_get_index_count(stats: *const zvec_collection_stats_t) -> usize;
    pub fn zvec_collection_stats_get_index_name(
        stats: *const zvec_collection_stats_t,
        index: usize,
    ) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_collection_stats_get_index_completeness(
        stats: *const zvec_collection_stats_t,
        index: usize,
    ) -> f32;
    pub fn zvec_collection_stats_destroy(stats: *mut zvec_collection_stats_t);

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Collection Management
    // Functions for creating, opening, closing, and destroying collections.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_collection_create_and_open(
        path: *const c_char,
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
        options: *const zvec_collection_options_t,
        collection: *mut *mut zvec_collection_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_open(
        path: *const c_char,
        options: *const zvec_collection_options_t,
        collection: *mut *mut zvec_collection_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_close(collection: *mut zvec_collection_t) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_destroy(collection: *mut zvec_collection_t) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_flush(collection: *mut zvec_collection_t) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_get_schema(
        collection: *const zvec_collection_t,
        schema: *mut *mut zvec_collection_schema_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_get_options(
        collection: *const zvec_collection_t,
        options: *mut *mut zvec_collection_options_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_get_stats(
        collection: *const zvec_collection_t,
        stats: *mut *mut zvec_collection_stats_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_free_field_schema(field_schema: *mut zvec_field_schema_t);

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Index Management
    // Functions for creating, dropping, and optimizing indexes.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_collection_create_index(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
        index_params: *const zvec_index_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_drop_index(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_optimize(collection: *mut zvec_collection_t) -> zvec_error_code_t;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Column Management (DDL)
    // Functions for adding, dropping, and altering columns (schema changes).
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_collection_add_column(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        field_schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t,
        expression: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_drop_column(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        column_name: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_alter_column(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        column_name: *const c_char,
        new_name: *const c_char,
        new_schema: *const zvec_field_schema_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // DML
    // Functions for data manipulation: insert, update, upsert, and delete operations.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_collection_insert(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        docs: *const *const zvec_doc_t,
        doc_count: usize,
        success_count: *mut usize,
        error_count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_insert_with_results(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        docs: *const *const zvec_doc_t,
        doc_count: usize,
        results: *mut *mut zvec_write_result_t,
        result_count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_update(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        docs: *const *const zvec_doc_t,
        doc_count: usize,
        success_count: *mut usize,
        error_count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_update_with_results(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        docs: *const *const zvec_doc_t,
        doc_count: usize,
        results: *mut *mut zvec_write_result_t,
        result_count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_upsert(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        docs: *const *const zvec_doc_t,
        doc_count: usize,
        success_count: *mut usize,
        error_count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_upsert_with_results(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        docs: *const *const zvec_doc_t,
        doc_count: usize,
        results: *mut *mut zvec_write_result_t,
        result_count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_delete(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        pks: *const *const c_char,
        pk_count: usize,
        success_count: *mut usize,
        error_count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_delete_with_results(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        pks: *const *const c_char,
        pk_count: usize,
        results: *mut *mut zvec_write_result_t,
        result_count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_write_results_free(results: *mut zvec_write_result_t, result_count: usize);
    pub fn zvec_collection_delete_by_filter(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        filter: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // DQL
    // Functions for data querying: vector search and document fetch operations.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_collection_query(
        collection: *const zvec_collection_t,
        query: *const zvec_vector_query_t,
        results: *mut *mut *mut zvec_doc_t,
        result_count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_multi_query(
        collection: *const zvec_collection_t,
        query: *const zvec_multi_query_t,
        results: *mut *mut *mut zvec_doc_t,
        result_count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_fetch(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        primary_keys: *const *const c_char,
        count: usize,
        output_fields: *const *const c_char,
        output_field_count: usize,
        include_vector: bool,
        documents: *mut *mut *mut zvec_doc_t,
        found_count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Document Iterator
    // Functions for full collection traversal over an isolated snapshot.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_iterator_options_create() -> *mut zvec_iterator_options_t;
    pub fn zvec_iterator_options_destroy(options: *mut zvec_iterator_options_t);
    pub fn zvec_iterator_options_set_output_fields(
        options: *mut zvec_iterator_options_t,
        output_fields: *const *const c_char,
        count: usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_iterator_options_set_include_vector(
        options: *mut zvec_iterator_options_t,
        include: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_collection_create_iterator(
        collection: *mut zvec_collection_t,
        options: *const zvec_iterator_options_t,
        out_iter: *mut *mut zvec_doc_iterator_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_doc_iterator_next(
        iter: *mut zvec_doc_iterator_t,
        out_doc: *mut *mut zvec_doc_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_doc_iterator_close(iter: *mut zvec_doc_iterator_t);

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // HNSW Query Parameters
    // Functions for creating and configuring HNSW index query parameters.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_query_params_hnsw_create(
        ef: c_int,
        radius: f32,
        is_linear: bool,
        is_using_refiner: bool,
    ) -> *mut zvec_hnsw_query_params_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_hnsw_destroy(params: *mut zvec_hnsw_query_params_t);
    pub fn zvec_query_params_hnsw_set_ef(
        params: *mut zvec_hnsw_query_params_t,
        ef: c_int,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_hnsw_get_ef(params: *const zvec_hnsw_query_params_t) -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_hnsw_set_radius(
        params: *mut zvec_hnsw_query_params_t,
        radius: f32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_hnsw_get_radius(params: *const zvec_hnsw_query_params_t) -> f32;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_hnsw_set_is_linear(
        params: *mut zvec_hnsw_query_params_t,
        is_linear: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_hnsw_get_is_linear(params: *const zvec_hnsw_query_params_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_hnsw_set_is_using_refiner(
        params: *mut zvec_hnsw_query_params_t,
        is_using_refiner: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_hnsw_get_is_using_refiner(
        params: *const zvec_hnsw_query_params_t,
    ) -> bool;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // IVF Query Parameters
    // Functions for creating and configuring IVF index query parameters.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_create(
        nprobe: c_int,
        is_using_refiner: bool,
        scale_factor: f32,
    ) -> *mut zvec_ivf_query_params_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_destroy(params: *mut zvec_ivf_query_params_t);
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_set_nprobe(
        params: *mut zvec_ivf_query_params_t,
        nprobe: c_int,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_get_nprobe(params: *const zvec_ivf_query_params_t) -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_set_scale_factor(
        params: *mut zvec_ivf_query_params_t,
        scale_factor: f32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_get_scale_factor(params: *const zvec_ivf_query_params_t) -> f32;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_set_radius(
        params: *mut zvec_ivf_query_params_t,
        radius: f32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_get_radius(params: *const zvec_ivf_query_params_t) -> f32;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_set_is_linear(
        params: *mut zvec_ivf_query_params_t,
        is_linear: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_get_is_linear(params: *const zvec_ivf_query_params_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_set_is_using_refiner(
        params: *mut zvec_ivf_query_params_t,
        is_using_refiner: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_get_is_using_refiner(
        params: *const zvec_ivf_query_params_t,
    ) -> bool;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // IVF RaBitQ Query Parameters
    // Functions for creating and configuring IVF RaBitQ index query parameters.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_rabitq_create(
        nprobe: c_int,
        radius: f32,
        is_linear: bool,
        is_using_refiner: bool,
    ) -> *mut zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_rabitq_destroy(params: *mut zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t);
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_rabitq_set_nprobe(
        params: *mut zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t,
        nprobe: c_int,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_rabitq_get_nprobe(
        params: *const zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t,
    ) -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_rabitq_set_scale_factor(
        params: *mut zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t,
        scale_factor: f32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_rabitq_get_scale_factor(
        params: *const zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t,
    ) -> f32;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_rabitq_set_radius(
        params: *mut zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t,
        radius: f32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_rabitq_get_radius(
        params: *const zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t,
    ) -> f32;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_rabitq_set_is_linear(
        params: *mut zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t,
        is_linear: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_rabitq_get_is_linear(
        params: *const zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t,
    ) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_rabitq_set_is_using_refiner(
        params: *mut zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t,
        is_using_refiner: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_ivf_rabitq_get_is_using_refiner(
        params: *const zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t,
    ) -> bool;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Flat Query Parameters
    // Functions for creating and configuring flat index query parameters.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_query_params_flat_create(
        is_using_refiner: bool,
        scale_factor: f32,
    ) -> *mut zvec_flat_query_params_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_flat_destroy(params: *mut zvec_flat_query_params_t);
    pub fn zvec_query_params_flat_set_scale_factor(
        params: *mut zvec_flat_query_params_t,
        scale_factor: f32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_flat_get_scale_factor(params: *const zvec_flat_query_params_t) -> f32;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_flat_set_radius(
        params: *mut zvec_flat_query_params_t,
        radius: f32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_flat_get_radius(params: *const zvec_flat_query_params_t) -> f32;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_flat_set_is_linear(
        params: *mut zvec_flat_query_params_t,
        is_linear: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_flat_get_is_linear(params: *const zvec_flat_query_params_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_flat_set_is_using_refiner(
        params: *mut zvec_flat_query_params_t,
        is_using_refiner: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_flat_get_is_using_refiner(
        params: *const zvec_flat_query_params_t,
    ) -> bool;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Vamana Query Parameters
    // Functions for creating and configuring Vamana query parameters.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_query_params_vamana_create(
        ef_search: c_int,
        radius: f32,
        is_linear: bool,
        is_using_refiner: bool,
    ) -> *mut zvec_vamana_query_params_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_vamana_destroy(params: *mut zvec_vamana_query_params_t);
    pub fn zvec_query_params_vamana_set_ef_search(
        params: *mut zvec_vamana_query_params_t,
        ef_search: c_int,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_vamana_get_ef_search(
        params: *const zvec_vamana_query_params_t,
    ) -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_vamana_set_radius(
        params: *mut zvec_vamana_query_params_t,
        radius: f32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_vamana_get_radius(params: *const zvec_vamana_query_params_t) -> f32;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_vamana_set_is_linear(
        params: *mut zvec_vamana_query_params_t,
        is_linear: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_vamana_get_is_linear(
        params: *const zvec_vamana_query_params_t,
    ) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_vamana_set_is_using_refiner(
        params: *mut zvec_vamana_query_params_t,
        is_using_refiner: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_vamana_get_is_using_refiner(
        params: *const zvec_vamana_query_params_t,
    ) -> bool;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // DiskANN Query Parameters
    // Functions for creating and configuring DiskANN query parameters.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_query_params_diskann_create(list_size: c_int) -> *mut zvec_diskann_query_params_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_diskann_destroy(params: *mut zvec_diskann_query_params_t);
    pub fn zvec_query_params_diskann_set_list_size(
        params: *mut zvec_diskann_query_params_t,
        list_size: c_int,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_diskann_get_list_size(
        params: *const zvec_diskann_query_params_t,
    ) -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_diskann_set_radius(
        params: *mut zvec_diskann_query_params_t,
        radius: f32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_diskann_get_radius(params: *const zvec_diskann_query_params_t) -> f32;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_diskann_set_is_linear(
        params: *mut zvec_diskann_query_params_t,
        is_linear: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_diskann_get_is_linear(
        params: *const zvec_diskann_query_params_t,
    ) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_diskann_set_is_using_refiner(
        params: *mut zvec_diskann_query_params_t,
        is_using_refiner: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_diskann_get_is_using_refiner(
        params: *const zvec_diskann_query_params_t,
    ) -> bool;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // FTS Query Parameters
    // Functions for creating and configuring FTS query parameters.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_query_params_fts_create(
        default_operator: *const c_char,
    ) -> *mut zvec_fts_query_params_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_fts_destroy(params: *mut zvec_fts_query_params_t);
    pub fn zvec_query_params_fts_set_default_operator(
        params: *mut zvec_fts_query_params_t,
        default_operator: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_query_params_fts_get_default_operator(
        params: *const zvec_fts_query_params_t,
    ) -> *const c_char;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // FTS Query Payload
    // Functions for creating and configuring FTS query payloads.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_fts_create() -> *mut zvec_fts_t;
    pub fn zvec_fts_destroy(fts: *mut zvec_fts_t);
    pub fn zvec_fts_set_query_string(
        fts: *mut zvec_fts_t,
        query_string: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_fts_set_match_string(
        fts: *mut zvec_fts_t,
        match_string: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_fts_get_query_string(fts: *const zvec_fts_t) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_fts_get_match_string(fts: *const zvec_fts_t) -> *const c_char;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Vector Query
    // Functions for creating and configuring vector similarity queries.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_create() -> *mut zvec_vector_query_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_destroy(query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t);
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_topk(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        topk: c_int,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_get_topk(query: *const zvec_vector_query_t) -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_field_name(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_get_field_name(query: *const zvec_vector_query_t) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_query_vector(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        data: *const c_void,
        size: usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_filter(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        filter: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_get_filter(query: *const zvec_vector_query_t) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_include_vector(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        include: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_get_include_vector(query: *const zvec_vector_query_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_include_doc_id(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        include: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_get_include_doc_id(query: *const zvec_vector_query_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_output_fields(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        fields: *const *const c_char,
        count: usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_get_output_fields(
        query: *const zvec_vector_query_t,
        fields: *mut *mut *const c_char,
        count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_query_params(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        params: *mut c_void,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_hnsw_params(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        hnsw_params: *mut zvec_hnsw_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_ivf_params(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        ivf_params: *mut zvec_ivf_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_ivf_rabitq_params(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        ivf_rabitq_params: *mut zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_flat_params(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        flat_params: *mut zvec_flat_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_vamana_params(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        vamana_params: *mut zvec_vamana_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_diskann_params(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        diskann_params: *mut zvec_diskann_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_fts_params(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        fts_params: *mut zvec_fts_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_set_fts(
        query: *mut zvec_vector_query_t,
        fts: *const zvec_fts_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_vector_query_get_fts(query: *const zvec_vector_query_t) -> *const zvec_fts_t;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Group By Vector Query
    // Functions for creating and configuring grouped vector queries.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_create() -> *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_destroy(query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t);
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_set_field_name(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_get_field_name(
        query: *const zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
    ) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_set_group_by_field_name(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_get_group_by_field_name(
        query: *const zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
    ) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_set_group_count(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        count: u32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_get_group_count(
        query: *const zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
    ) -> u32;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_set_topk_per_group(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        topk: u32,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_get_topk_per_group(
        query: *const zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
    ) -> u32;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_set_query_vector(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        data: *const c_void,
        size: usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_set_filter(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        filter: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_get_filter(
        query: *const zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
    ) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_set_include_vector(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        include: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_get_include_vector(
        query: *const zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
    ) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_set_output_fields(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        fields: *const *const c_char,
        count: usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_get_output_fields(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        fields: *mut *mut *const c_char,
        count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_set_query_params(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        params: *mut c_void,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_set_hnsw_params(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        hnsw_params: *mut zvec_hnsw_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_set_ivf_params(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        ivf_params: *mut zvec_ivf_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_set_ivf_rabitq_params(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        ivf_rabitq_params: *mut zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_set_flat_params(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        flat_params: *mut zvec_flat_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_set_vamana_params(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        vamana_params: *mut zvec_vamana_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_group_by_vector_query_set_diskann_params(
        query: *mut zvec_group_by_vector_query_t,
        diskann_params: *mut zvec_diskann_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Multi Query / Sub Query
    // Functions for creating and configuring multi-queries (hybrid search with
    // re-ranking) and their per-field sub-queries.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_multi_query_create() -> *mut zvec_multi_query_t;
    pub fn zvec_multi_query_destroy(query: *mut zvec_multi_query_t);
    pub fn zvec_multi_query_add_sub_query(
        query: *mut zvec_multi_query_t,
        sub_query: *const zvec_sub_query_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_multi_query_get_sub_query_count(query: *const zvec_multi_query_t) -> usize;
    pub fn zvec_multi_query_set_topk(
        query: *mut zvec_multi_query_t,
        topk: c_int,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_multi_query_get_topk(query: *const zvec_multi_query_t) -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_multi_query_set_filter(
        query: *mut zvec_multi_query_t,
        filter: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_multi_query_get_filter(query: *const zvec_multi_query_t) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_multi_query_set_include_vector(
        query: *mut zvec_multi_query_t,
        include: bool,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_multi_query_get_include_vector(query: *const zvec_multi_query_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_multi_query_set_output_fields(
        query: *mut zvec_multi_query_t,
        fields: *const *const c_char,
        count: usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_multi_query_get_output_fields(
        query: *mut zvec_multi_query_t,
        fields: *mut *mut *const c_char,
        count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_multi_query_set_rerank_rrf(
        query: *mut zvec_multi_query_t,
        rank_constant: c_int,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_multi_query_set_rerank_weighted(
        query: *mut zvec_multi_query_t,
        weights: *const f64,
        weight_count: usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;

    pub fn zvec_sub_query_create() -> *mut zvec_sub_query_t;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_destroy(query: *mut zvec_sub_query_t);
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_set_num_candidates(
        query: *mut zvec_sub_query_t,
        num_candidates: c_int,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_get_num_candidates(query: *const zvec_sub_query_t) -> c_int;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_set_field_name(
        query: *mut zvec_sub_query_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_get_field_name(query: *const zvec_sub_query_t) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_set_query_vector(
        query: *mut zvec_sub_query_t,
        data: *const c_void,
        size: usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_set_sparse_vector(
        query: *mut zvec_sub_query_t,
        indices: *const u32,
        values: *const f32,
        count: usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_set_sparse_indices(
        query: *mut zvec_sub_query_t,
        indices: *const u32,
        count: usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_set_sparse_values(
        query: *mut zvec_sub_query_t,
        values: *const f32,
        count: usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_set_hnsw_params(
        query: *mut zvec_sub_query_t,
        hnsw_params: *mut zvec_hnsw_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_set_ivf_params(
        query: *mut zvec_sub_query_t,
        ivf_params: *mut zvec_ivf_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_set_ivf_rabitq_params(
        query: *mut zvec_sub_query_t,
        ivf_rabitq_params: *mut zvec_ivf_rabitq_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_set_flat_params(
        query: *mut zvec_sub_query_t,
        flat_params: *mut zvec_flat_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_set_vamana_params(
        query: *mut zvec_sub_query_t,
        vamana_params: *mut zvec_vamana_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_set_diskann_params(
        query: *mut zvec_sub_query_t,
        diskann_params: *mut zvec_diskann_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_set_fts_params(
        query: *mut zvec_sub_query_t,
        fts_params: *mut zvec_fts_query_params_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_sub_query_set_fts(
        query: *mut zvec_sub_query_t,
        fts: *const zvec_fts_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Document Operations
    // Functions for creating, manipulating, and serializing documents.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_doc_create() -> *mut zvec_doc_t;
    pub fn zvec_doc_destroy(doc: *mut zvec_doc_t);
    pub fn zvec_doc_clear(doc: *mut zvec_doc_t);
    pub fn zvec_doc_add_field_by_value(
        doc: *mut zvec_doc_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
        data_type: zvec_data_type_t,
        value: *const c_void,
        value_size: usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_doc_remove_field(
        doc: *mut zvec_doc_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_docs_free(documents: *mut *mut zvec_doc_t, count: usize);
    pub fn zvec_doc_set_pk(doc: *mut zvec_doc_t, pk: *const c_char);
    pub fn zvec_doc_set_doc_id(doc: *mut zvec_doc_t, doc_id: u64);
    pub fn zvec_doc_set_score(doc: *mut zvec_doc_t, score: f32);
    pub fn zvec_doc_set_operator(doc: *mut zvec_doc_t, op: zvec_doc_operator_t);
    pub fn zvec_doc_set_field_null(
        doc: *mut zvec_doc_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_doc_get_doc_id(doc: *const zvec_doc_t) -> u64;
    pub fn zvec_doc_get_score(doc: *const zvec_doc_t) -> f32;
    pub fn zvec_doc_get_operator(doc: *const zvec_doc_t) -> zvec_doc_operator_t;
    pub fn zvec_doc_get_field_count(doc: *const zvec_doc_t) -> usize;
    pub fn zvec_doc_get_pk_pointer(doc: *const zvec_doc_t) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_doc_get_pk_copy(doc: *const zvec_doc_t) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_doc_get_field_value_basic(
        doc: *const zvec_doc_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
        field_type: zvec_data_type_t,
        value_buffer: *mut c_void,
        buffer_size: usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_doc_get_field_value_copy(
        doc: *const zvec_doc_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
        field_type: zvec_data_type_t,
        value: *mut *mut c_void,
        value_size: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_doc_get_field_value_pointer(
        doc: *const zvec_doc_t,
        field_name: *const c_char,
        field_type: zvec_data_type_t,
        value: *mut *const c_void,
        value_size: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_doc_is_empty(doc: *const zvec_doc_t) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_doc_has_field(doc: *const zvec_doc_t, field_name: *const c_char) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_doc_has_field_value(doc: *const zvec_doc_t, field_name: *const c_char) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_doc_is_field_null(doc: *const zvec_doc_t, field_name: *const c_char) -> bool;
    pub fn zvec_doc_get_field_names(
        doc: *const zvec_doc_t,
        field_names: *mut *mut *mut c_char,
        count: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_free_str_array(array: *mut *mut c_char, count: usize);
    pub fn zvec_doc_serialize(
        doc: *const zvec_doc_t,
        data: *mut *mut u8,
        size: *mut usize,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_doc_deserialize(
        data: *const u8,
        size: usize,
        doc: *mut *mut zvec_doc_t,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_doc_merge(doc: *mut zvec_doc_t, other: *const zvec_doc_t);
    pub fn zvec_doc_memory_usage(doc: *const zvec_doc_t) -> usize;
    pub fn zvec_doc_validate(
        doc: *const zvec_doc_t,
        schema: *const zvec_collection_schema_t,
        is_update: bool,
        error_msg: *mut *mut c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;
    pub fn zvec_doc_to_detail_string(
        doc: *const zvec_doc_t,
        detail_str: *mut *mut c_char,
    ) -> zvec_error_code_t;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Utility Functions
    // Helper functions for converting enums to string representations.
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    pub fn zvec_data_type_to_string(data_type: zvec_data_type_t) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_index_type_to_string(index_type: zvec_index_type_t) -> *const c_char;
    pub fn zvec_metric_type_to_string(metric_type: zvec_metric_type_t) -> *const c_char;
}