zrx-graph 0.0.13

// Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Zensical and contributors

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// All contributions are certified under the DCO

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// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
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// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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// IN THE SOFTWARE.

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

//! Topology.

use std::sync::Arc;

use super::builder::Edge;

mod adjacency;
mod reachability;

pub use adjacency::Adjacency;
pub use reachability::{Direct, Transitive};

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Structs
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

/// Topology.
///
/// This data type represents the topology of a graph, which allows to find the
/// outgoing and incoming edges for each node in linear time by using efficient
/// adjacency lists. Our implementation does not support edge weights, as they
/// would add unnecessary complexity and overhead.
///
/// Topologies can be [`Direct`] and [`Transitive`], the latter of which allows
/// to determine whether one node is reachable from another. The [`Direct`]
/// topology is the default, and can be converted on-demand.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Topology<R = Direct> {
    /// Inner state.
    inner: Arc<Inner<R>>,
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

/// Inner state.
#[derive(Debug)]
struct Inner<R> {
    /// Outgoing edges.
    outgoing: Adjacency,
    /// Incoming edges.
    incoming: Adjacency,
    /// Reachability.
    reachability: R,
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Implementations
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

impl Topology<Direct> {
    /// Creates a topology of the given graph.
    ///
    /// This method constructs a topology from a graph's nodes and edges, and is
    /// the key component of an executable [`Graph`][]. It's usually not needed
    /// to create a topology manually, as it's automatically created when the
    /// graph is built using the [`Builder::build`][] method.
    ///
    /// [`Builder::build`]: crate::graph::Builder::build
    /// [`Graph`]: crate::graph::Graph
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use std::error::Error;
    /// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
    /// use zrx_graph::{Graph, Topology};
    ///
    /// // Create graph builder and add nodes
    /// let mut builder = Graph::builder();
    /// let a = builder.add_node("a");
    /// let b = builder.add_node("b");
    /// let c = builder.add_node("c");
    ///
    /// // Create edges between nodes
    /// builder.add_edge(a, b)?;
    /// builder.add_edge(b, c)?;
    ///
    /// // Create topology
    /// let topology = Topology::new(builder.len(), builder.edges());
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    #[must_use]
    pub fn new(nodes: usize, edges: &[Edge]) -> Self {
        Self {
            inner: Arc::new(Inner {
                outgoing: Adjacency::outgoing(nodes, edges),
                incoming: Adjacency::incoming(nodes, edges),
                reachability: Direct,
            }),
        }
    }

    /// Converts this topology into one with transitive reachability.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use std::error::Error;
    /// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
    /// use zrx_graph::{Graph, Topology};
    ///
    /// // Create graph builder and add nodes
    /// let mut builder = Graph::builder();
    /// let a = builder.add_node("a");
    /// let b = builder.add_node("b");
    /// let c = builder.add_node("c");
    ///
    /// // Create edges between nodes
    /// builder.add_edge(a, b)?;
    /// builder.add_edge(b, c)?;
    ///
    /// // Create transitive topology
    /// let topology = Topology::new(builder.len(), builder.edges())
    ///     .into_transitive();
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    #[must_use]
    pub fn into_transitive(self) -> Topology<Transitive> {
        let inner = Arc::try_unwrap(self.inner) // fmt
            .unwrap_or_else(|inner| Inner {
                outgoing: inner.outgoing.clone(),
                incoming: inner.incoming.clone(),
                reachability: Direct,
            });

        // Create and return transitive topology
        Topology {
            inner: Arc::new(Inner {
                reachability: Transitive::new(&inner.outgoing),
                outgoing: inner.outgoing,
                incoming: inner.incoming,
            }),
        }
    }
}

impl Topology<Transitive> {
    /// Returns whether there is a path from the source to the target.
    #[inline]
    #[must_use]
    pub fn has_path(&self, source: usize, target: usize) -> bool {
        self.inner.reachability.has_path(source, target)
    }
}

#[allow(clippy::must_use_candidate)]
impl<R> Topology<R> {
    /// Returns a reference to the outgoing edges.
    #[inline]
    pub fn outgoing(&self) -> &Adjacency {
        &self.inner.outgoing
    }

    /// Returns a reference to the incoming edges.
    #[inline]
    pub fn incoming(&self) -> &Adjacency {
        &self.inner.incoming
    }
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Trait implementations
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

impl<R> PartialEq for Topology<R> {
    /// Compares two topologies for equality.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # use std::error::Error;
    /// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
    /// use zrx_graph::{Graph, Topology};
    ///
    /// // Create graph builder and add nodes
    /// let mut builder = Graph::builder();
    /// let a = builder.add_node("a");
    /// let b = builder.add_node("b");
    /// let c = builder.add_node("c");
    ///
    /// // Create edges between nodes
    /// builder.add_edge(a, b)?;
    /// builder.add_edge(b, c)?;
    ///
    /// // Create and compare topologies
    /// let topology = Topology::new(builder.len(), builder.edges());
    /// assert_eq!(topology, topology.clone());
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
        Arc::ptr_eq(&self.inner, &other.inner)
    }
}

impl<R> Eq for Topology<R> {}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

impl<R> Clone for Topology<R> {
    /// Clones the topology.
    #[inline]
    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
        Self { inner: self.inner.clone() }
    }
}