zmatrix 0.4.2

use std::any::Any;
use std::ops::{Add, Div, Mul, Neg, Sub};
use crate::physics::basic::{Coef, Power, PowerType, PhysicalQuantity, Energy, Velocity, Force,
    ElectricCurrent, ElectricPotential, time_delta_to_secs_f64};

impl Default for Power {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::from_watt(0.0)
    }
}

impl PhysicalQuantity for Power {
    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
        self
    }

    fn is_zero(&self) -> bool {
        self.v == 0.0
    }

    fn default_unit_value(&self) -> f64 {
        self.as_watt()
    }

    fn set_value(&mut self, value: f64) {
        self.v = value;
    }
    fn unit_display_name(&self) -> String {
        "Power (W)".to_string()
    }
}

impl Power {
    pub fn from_watt(watt: f64) -> Self {
        Self {
            default_type: PowerType::Watt,
            v: watt,
        }
    }

    pub fn from_mill_watt(mill_watt: f64) -> Self {
        Self {
            default_type: PowerType::MillWatt,
            v: mill_watt,
        }
    }

    pub fn from_micro_watt(micro_watt: f64) -> Self {
        Self {
            default_type: PowerType::MicroWatt,
            v: micro_watt,
        }
    }

    pub fn from_nano_watt(nano_watt: f64) -> Self {
        Self {
            default_type: PowerType::NanoWatt,
            v: nano_watt,
        }
    }

    pub fn from_kilo_watt(kilo_watt: f64) -> Self {
        Self {
            default_type: PowerType::KiloWatt,
            v: kilo_watt,
        }
    }

    pub fn from_mega_watt(mega_watt: f64) -> Self {
        Self {
            default_type: PowerType::MegaWatt,
            v: mega_watt,
        }
    }

    pub fn from_horse_power(horse_power: f64) -> Self {
        Self {
            default_type: PowerType::HorsePower,
            v: horse_power,
        }
    }

    pub fn as_watt(&self) -> f64 {
        match self.default_type {
            PowerType::Watt => self.v,
            PowerType::MillWatt => self.v * 1e-3,
            PowerType::MicroWatt => self.v * 1e-6,
            PowerType::NanoWatt => self.v * 1e-9,
            PowerType::KiloWatt => self.v * 1e3,
            PowerType::MegaWatt => self.v * 1e6,
            PowerType::HorsePower => self.v * 745.7, // 1 hp = 745.7 W
        }
    }

    pub fn as_mill_watt(&self) -> f64 {
        match self.default_type {
            PowerType::Watt => self.v * 1e3,
            PowerType::MillWatt => self.v,
            PowerType::MicroWatt => self.v * 1e-3,
            PowerType::NanoWatt => self.v * 1e-6,
            PowerType::KiloWatt => self.v * 1e6,
            PowerType::MegaWatt => self.v * 1e9,
            PowerType::HorsePower => self.v * 745700.0,
        }
    }

    pub fn as_micro_watt(&self) -> f64 {
        match self.default_type {
            PowerType::Watt => self.v * 1e6,
            PowerType::MillWatt => self.v * 1e3,
            PowerType::MicroWatt => self.v,
            PowerType::NanoWatt => self.v * 1e-3,
            PowerType::KiloWatt => self.v * 1e9,
            PowerType::MegaWatt => self.v * 1e12,
            PowerType::HorsePower => self.v * 745700000.0,
        }
    }

    pub fn as_nano_watt(&self) -> f64 {
        match self.default_type {
            PowerType::Watt => self.v * 1e9,
            PowerType::MillWatt => self.v * 1e6,
            PowerType::MicroWatt => self.v * 1e3,
            PowerType::NanoWatt => self.v,
            PowerType::KiloWatt => self.v * 1e12,
            PowerType::MegaWatt => self.v * 1e15,
            PowerType::HorsePower => self.v * 745700000000.0,
        }
    }

    pub fn as_kilo_watt(&self) -> f64 {
        match self.default_type {
            PowerType::Watt => self.v * 1e-3,
            PowerType::MillWatt => self.v * 1e-6,
            PowerType::MicroWatt => self.v * 1e-9,
            PowerType::NanoWatt => self.v * 1e-12,
            PowerType::KiloWatt => self.v,
            PowerType::MegaWatt => self.v * 1e3,
            PowerType::HorsePower => self.v * 0.7457,
        }
    }

    pub fn as_mega_watt(&self) -> f64 {
        match self.default_type {
            PowerType::Watt => self.v * 1e-6,
            PowerType::MillWatt => self.v * 1e-9,
            PowerType::MicroWatt => self.v * 1e-12,
            PowerType::NanoWatt => self.v * 1e-15,
            PowerType::KiloWatt => self.v * 1e-3,
            PowerType::MegaWatt => self.v,
            PowerType::HorsePower => self.v * 0.0007457,
        }
    }

    pub fn as_horse_power(&self) -> f64 {
        match self.default_type {
            PowerType::Watt => self.v / 745.7,
            PowerType::MillWatt => self.v / 745700.0,
            PowerType::MicroWatt => self.v / 745700000.0,
            PowerType::NanoWatt => self.v / 745700000000.0,
            PowerType::KiloWatt => self.v / 0.7457,
            PowerType::MegaWatt => self.v / 0.0007457,
            PowerType::HorsePower => self.v,
        }
    }
}

impl Add for Power {
    type Output = Self;
    fn add(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
        let v = self.as_watt() + rhs.as_watt();
        Self::from_watt(v)
    }
}

// 引用-引用 与 混合引用：Power 加法
impl<'a, 'b> Add<&'b Power> for &'a Power {
    type Output = Power;
    fn add(self, rhs: &'b Power) -> Self::Output { Power::from_watt(self.as_watt() + rhs.as_watt()) }
}
impl<'a> Add<&'a Power> for Power {
    type Output = Power;
    fn add(self, rhs: &'a Power) -> Self::Output { Power::from_watt(self.as_watt() + rhs.as_watt()) }
}
impl<'a> Add<Power> for &'a Power {
    type Output = Power;
    fn add(self, rhs: Power) -> Self::Output { Power::from_watt(self.as_watt() + rhs.as_watt()) }
}

impl Add<f64> for Power {
    type Output = Self;
    fn add(self, rhs: f64) -> Self::Output {
        let v = self.v + rhs;
        Power {
            v,
            default_type: self.default_type,
        }
    }
}

impl Sub for Power {
    type Output = Self;
    fn sub(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
        let v = self.as_watt() - rhs.as_watt();
        Self::from_watt(v)
    }
}

// 引用-引用 与 混合引用：Power 减法
impl<'a, 'b> Sub<&'b Power> for &'a Power {
    type Output = Power;
    fn sub(self, rhs: &'b Power) -> Self::Output { Power::from_watt(self.as_watt() - rhs.as_watt()) }
}
impl<'a> Sub<&'a Power> for Power {
    type Output = Power;
    fn sub(self, rhs: &'a Power) -> Self::Output { Power::from_watt(self.as_watt() - rhs.as_watt()) }
}
impl<'a> Sub<Power> for &'a Power {
    type Output = Power;
    fn sub(self, rhs: Power) -> Self::Output { Power::from_watt(self.as_watt() - rhs.as_watt()) }
}

impl Sub<f64> for Power {
    type Output = Self;
    fn sub(self, rhs: f64) -> Self::Output {
        let v = self.v - rhs;
        Power {
            v,
            default_type: self.default_type,
        }
    }
}

impl Mul<f64> for Power {
    type Output = Self;
    fn mul(self, rhs: f64) -> Self::Output {
        let v = self.as_watt() * rhs;
        Self::from_watt(v)
    }
}

impl Div<f64> for Power {
    type Output = Self;
    fn div(self, rhs: f64) -> Self::Output {
        let v = self.as_watt() / rhs;
        Self::from_watt(v)
    }
}

impl Mul<Power> for f64 {
    type Output = Power;
    fn mul(self, rhs: Power) -> Self::Output {
        let v = self * rhs.as_watt();
        Power::from_watt(v)
    }
}

impl Div<Power> for f64 {
    type Output = Power;
    fn div(self, rhs: Power) -> Self::Output {
        let v = self / rhs.as_watt();
        Power::from_watt(v)
    }
}

impl Mul<Coef> for Power {
    type Output = Self;
    fn mul(self, rhs: Coef) -> Self::Output {
        let v = self.as_watt() * rhs.get_value();
        Self::from_watt(v)
    }
}

impl Div<Coef> for Power {
    type Output = Self;
    fn div(self, rhs: Coef) -> Self::Output {
        let v = self.as_watt() / rhs.get_value();
        Self::from_watt(v)
    }
}

impl Neg for Power {
    type Output = Self;
    fn neg(self) -> Self::Output {
        let v = -self.as_watt();
        Self::from_watt(v)
    }
}

// 功率 ÷ 力 = 速度
impl Div<Force> for Power {
    type Output = Velocity;
    fn div(self, rhs: Force) -> Self::Output {
        let velocity_value = self.as_watt() / rhs.as_newton();
        Velocity::from_m_per_sec(velocity_value)
    }
}

// 引用版本：Power / Force -> Velocity
impl<'a, 'b> Div<&'b Force> for &'a Power {
    type Output = Velocity;
    fn div(self, rhs: &'b Force) -> Self::Output { Velocity::from_m_per_sec(self.as_watt() / rhs.as_newton()) }
}
impl<'a> Div<&'a Force> for Power {
    type Output = Velocity;
    fn div(self, rhs: &'a Force) -> Self::Output { Velocity::from_m_per_sec(self.as_watt() / rhs.as_newton()) }
}
impl<'a> Div<Force> for &'a Power {
    type Output = Velocity;
    fn div(self, rhs: Force) -> Self::Output { Velocity::from_m_per_sec(self.as_watt() / rhs.as_newton()) }
}

// 功率 ÷ 速度 = 力
impl Div<Velocity> for Power {
    type Output = Force;
    fn div(self, rhs: Velocity) -> Self::Output {
        let force_value = self.as_watt() / rhs.as_m_per_sec();
        Force::from_newton(force_value)
    }
}

// 引用版本：Power / Velocity -> Force
impl<'a, 'b> Div<&'b Velocity> for &'a Power {
    type Output = Force;
    fn div(self, rhs: &'b Velocity) -> Self::Output { Force::from_newton(self.as_watt() / rhs.as_m_per_sec()) }
}
impl<'a> Div<&'a Velocity> for Power {
    type Output = Force;
    fn div(self, rhs: &'a Velocity) -> Self::Output { Force::from_newton(self.as_watt() / rhs.as_m_per_sec()) }
}
impl<'a> Div<Velocity> for &'a Power {
    type Output = Force;
    fn div(self, rhs: Velocity) -> Self::Output { Force::from_newton(self.as_watt() / rhs.as_m_per_sec()) }
}

// 功率与时间的乘积（得到能量）
impl Mul<chrono::TimeDelta> for Power {
    type Output = Energy; // 能量，单位：焦耳
    fn mul(self, rhs: chrono::TimeDelta) -> Self::Output {
        let energy_value = self.as_watt() * time_delta_to_secs_f64(&rhs);
        Energy::from_joule(energy_value)
    }
}

// 时间与功率的乘积（得到能量，满足交换律）
impl Mul<Power> for chrono::TimeDelta {
    type Output = Energy; // 能量，单位：焦耳
    fn mul(self, rhs: Power) -> Self::Output {
        let energy_value = time_delta_to_secs_f64(&self) * rhs.as_watt();
        Energy::from_joule(energy_value)
    }
}

// 力与速度的乘积（得到功率）
impl Mul<Velocity> for Force {
    type Output = Power; // 功率，单位：瓦特
    fn mul(self, rhs: Velocity) -> Self::Output {
        let power_value = self.as_newton() * rhs.as_m_per_sec();
        Power::from_watt(power_value)
    }
}

// 速度与力的乘积（得到功率，满足交换律）
impl Mul<Force> for Velocity {
    type Output = Power; // 功率，单位：瓦特
    fn mul(self, rhs: Force) -> Self::Output {
        let power_value = self.as_m_per_sec() * rhs.as_newton();
        Power::from_watt(power_value)
    }
}

// ElectricPotential × ElectricCurrent → Power (P = V × I, 电功率)
impl Mul<ElectricCurrent> for ElectricPotential {
    type Output = Power;
    fn mul(self, rhs: ElectricCurrent) -> Self::Output {
        Power::from_watt(self.as_v() * rhs.as_a())
    }
}

impl<'a, 'b> Mul<&'b ElectricCurrent> for &'a ElectricPotential {
    type Output = Power;
    fn mul(self, rhs: &'b ElectricCurrent) -> Self::Output { Power::from_watt(self.as_v() * rhs.as_a()) }
}
impl<'a> Mul<&'a ElectricCurrent> for ElectricPotential {
    type Output = Power;
    fn mul(self, rhs: &'a ElectricCurrent) -> Self::Output { Power::from_watt(self.as_v() * rhs.as_a()) }
}
impl<'a> Mul<ElectricCurrent> for &'a ElectricPotential {
    type Output = Power;
    fn mul(self, rhs: ElectricCurrent) -> Self::Output { Power::from_watt(self.as_v() * rhs.as_a()) }
}

// ElectricCurrent × ElectricPotential → Power (P = I × V, 满足交换律)
impl Mul<ElectricPotential> for ElectricCurrent {
    type Output = Power;
    fn mul(self, rhs: ElectricPotential) -> Self::Output {
        Power::from_watt(self.as_a() * rhs.as_v())
    }
}

impl<'a, 'b> Mul<&'b ElectricPotential> for &'a ElectricCurrent {
    type Output = Power;
    fn mul(self, rhs: &'b ElectricPotential) -> Self::Output { Power::from_watt(self.as_a() * rhs.as_v()) }
}
impl<'a> Mul<&'a ElectricPotential> for ElectricCurrent {
    type Output = Power;
    fn mul(self, rhs: &'a ElectricPotential) -> Self::Output { Power::from_watt(self.as_a() * rhs.as_v()) }
}
impl<'a> Mul<ElectricPotential> for &'a ElectricCurrent {
    type Output = Power;
    fn mul(self, rhs: ElectricPotential) -> Self::Output { Power::from_watt(self.as_a() * rhs.as_v()) }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use chrono::TimeDelta;
    use crate::physics::basic::time_delta_from_secs_f64;
    use approx::assert_relative_eq;
    use crate::physics::basic::{Energy, Force, Velocity};

    #[test]
    fn test_power() {
        let p1 = Power::from_watt(1.0); // 1 W
        let p2 = Power::from_mill_watt(1000.0); // 1000 mW = 1 W
        let p3 = Power::from_micro_watt(1000000.0); // 1000000 μW = 1 W
        let p4 = Power::from_nano_watt(1000000000.0); // 1000000000 nW = 1 W
        let p5 = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.001); // 0.001 kW = 1 W
        let p6 = Power::from_mega_watt(0.000001); // 0.000001 MW = 1 W
        let p7 = Power::from_horse_power(1.0 / 745.7); // 1/745.7 hp ≈ 1 W

        assert_relative_eq!(p1.as_watt(), 1.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p2.as_watt(), 1.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p3.as_watt(), 1.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p4.as_watt(), 1.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p5.as_watt(), 1.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p6.as_watt(), 1.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p7.as_watt(), 1.0, epsilon = 1e-10);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_as() {
        let p = Power::from_watt(1.0);
        
        assert_relative_eq!(p.as_mill_watt(), 1000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p.as_micro_watt(), 1000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p.as_nano_watt(), 1000000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p.as_kilo_watt(), 0.001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p.as_mega_watt(), 0.000001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p.as_horse_power(), 1.0 / 745.7, epsilon = 1e-10);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_add() {
        let p1 = Power::from_watt(5.0);
        let p2 = Power::from_mill_watt(3000.0); // 3 W
        let result = p1 + p2;
        
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 8.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_sub() {
        let p1 = Power::from_watt(10.0);
        let p2 = Power::from_mill_watt(2000.0); // 2 W
        let result = p1 - p2;
        
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 8.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_mul() {
        let p = Power::from_watt(5.0);
        let result = p * 3.0;
        
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 15.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_div() {
        let p = Power::from_watt(15.0);
        let result = p / 3.0;
        
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 5.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_mul_duration() {
        let power = Power::from_watt(100.0); // 100 W
        let time = TimeDelta::seconds(5); // 5 s
        let energy: Energy = power * time; // 500 J
        
        assert_relative_eq!(energy.as_joule(), 500.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_mul_timedelta() {
        let power = Power::from_watt(100.0); // 100 W
        let td = time_delta_from_secs_f64(5.0);
        let energy: Energy = power * td;
        assert_relative_eq!(energy.as_joule(), 500.0);

        // 负时间 → 负能量
        let neg_td = time_delta_from_secs_f64(-5.0);
        let energy_neg: Energy = power * neg_td;
        assert_relative_eq!(energy_neg.as_joule(), -500.0);

        // 交换律：TimeDelta * Power
        let energy_comm: Energy = td * power;
        assert_relative_eq!(energy_comm.as_joule(), 500.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_duration_mul_power() {
        let time = TimeDelta::seconds(5); // 5 s
        let power = Power::from_watt(100.0); // 100 W
        let energy: Energy = time * power; // 500 J
        
        assert_relative_eq!(energy.as_joule(), 500.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_force_mul_velocity() {
        let force = Force::from_newton(10.0); // 10 N
        let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(5.0); // 5 m/s
        let power: Power = force * velocity; // 50 W
        
        assert_relative_eq!(power.as_watt(), 50.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_velocity_mul_force() {
        let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(5.0); // 5 m/s
        let force = Force::from_newton(10.0); // 10 N
        let power: Power = velocity * force; // 50 W
        
        assert_relative_eq!(power.as_watt(), 50.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_horse_power_conversion() {
        let hp = Power::from_horse_power(1.0); // 1 hp
        assert_relative_eq!(hp.as_watt(), 745.7, epsilon = 1e-10);
        
        let watt = Power::from_watt(745.7); // 745.7 W
        assert_relative_eq!(watt.as_horse_power(), 1.0, epsilon = 1e-10);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_default_unit_value() {
        let p = Power::from_watt(5.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p.default_unit_value(), 5.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_is_zero() {
        let p1 = Power::from_watt(0.0);
        let p2 = Power::from_watt(1.0);
        
        assert!(p1.is_zero());
        assert!(!p2.is_zero());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_set_value() {
        let mut p = Power::from_watt(5.0);
        p.set_value(10.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p.as_watt(), 10.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_div_force() {
        let power = Power::from_watt(50.0); // 50 W
        let force = Force::from_newton(10.0); // 10 N
        let velocity: Velocity = power / force; // 5 m/s
        
        assert_relative_eq!(velocity.as_m_per_sec(), 5.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_div_velocity() {
        let power = Power::from_watt(50.0); // 50 W
        let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(5.0); // 5 m/s
        let force: Force = power / velocity; // 10 N
        
        assert_relative_eq!(force.as_newton(), 10.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_comprehensive_as_methods() {
        // 测试从每个单位类型创建，然后调用所有 as_xxx 方法
        
        // 从 Watt 创建
        let p_watt = Power::from_watt(1.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_watt.as_watt(), 1.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_watt.as_mill_watt(), 1000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_watt.as_micro_watt(), 1000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_watt.as_nano_watt(), 1000000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_watt.as_kilo_watt(), 0.001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_watt.as_mega_watt(), 0.000001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_watt.as_horse_power(), 1.0 / 745.7, epsilon = 1e-10);

        // 从 MillWatt 创建
        let p_mill_watt = Power::from_mill_watt(1000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_mill_watt.as_watt(), 1.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_mill_watt.as_mill_watt(), 1000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_mill_watt.as_micro_watt(), 1000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_mill_watt.as_nano_watt(), 1000000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_mill_watt.as_kilo_watt(), 0.001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_mill_watt.as_mega_watt(), 0.000001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_mill_watt.as_horse_power(), 1.0 / 745.7, epsilon = 1e-10);

        // 从 MicroWatt 创建
        let p_micro_watt = Power::from_micro_watt(1000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_micro_watt.as_watt(), 1.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_micro_watt.as_mill_watt(), 1000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_micro_watt.as_micro_watt(), 1000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_micro_watt.as_nano_watt(), 1000000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_micro_watt.as_kilo_watt(), 0.001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_micro_watt.as_mega_watt(), 0.000001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_micro_watt.as_horse_power(), 1.0 / 745.7, epsilon = 1e-10);

        // 从 NanoWatt 创建
        let p_nano_watt = Power::from_nano_watt(1000000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_nano_watt.as_watt(), 1.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_nano_watt.as_mill_watt(), 1000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_nano_watt.as_micro_watt(), 1000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_nano_watt.as_nano_watt(), 1000000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_nano_watt.as_kilo_watt(), 0.001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_nano_watt.as_mega_watt(), 0.000001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_nano_watt.as_horse_power(), 1.0 / 745.7, epsilon = 1e-10);

        // 从 KiloWatt 创建
        let p_kilo_watt = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_kilo_watt.as_watt(), 1.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_kilo_watt.as_mill_watt(), 1000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_kilo_watt.as_micro_watt(), 1000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_kilo_watt.as_nano_watt(), 1000000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_kilo_watt.as_kilo_watt(), 0.001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_kilo_watt.as_mega_watt(), 0.000001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_kilo_watt.as_horse_power(), 1.0 / 745.7, epsilon = 1e-10);

        // 从 MegaWatt 创建
        let p_mega_watt = Power::from_mega_watt(0.000001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_mega_watt.as_watt(), 1.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_mega_watt.as_mill_watt(), 1000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_mega_watt.as_micro_watt(), 1000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_mega_watt.as_nano_watt(), 1000000000.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_mega_watt.as_kilo_watt(), 0.001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_mega_watt.as_mega_watt(), 0.000001);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_mega_watt.as_horse_power(), 1.0 / 745.7, epsilon = 1e-10);

        // 从 HorsePower 创建
        let p_horse_power = Power::from_horse_power(1.0 / 745.7);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_horse_power.as_watt(), 1.0, epsilon = 1e-10);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_horse_power.as_mill_watt(), 1000.0, epsilon = 1e-7);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_horse_power.as_micro_watt(), 1000000.0, epsilon = 1e-4);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_horse_power.as_nano_watt(), 1000000000.0, epsilon = 1e-1);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_horse_power.as_kilo_watt(), 0.001, epsilon = 1e-13);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_horse_power.as_mega_watt(), 0.000001, epsilon = 1e-16);
        assert_relative_eq!(p_horse_power.as_horse_power(), 1.0 / 745.7, epsilon = 1e-10);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_comprehensive_arithmetic_operations() {
        // 测试所有类型的 Power 与 f64 的运算
        
        // 测试从不同单位创建的 Power 与 f64 的加法
        let p_watt = Power::from_watt(10.0);
        let result = p_watt + 5.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 15.0);
        
        let p_mill_watt = Power::from_mill_watt(10000.0);
        let result = p_mill_watt + 5000.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_mill_watt(), 15000.0);
        
        let p_micro_watt = Power::from_micro_watt(10000000.0);
        let result = p_micro_watt + 5000000.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_micro_watt(), 15000000.0);
        
        let p_nano_watt = Power::from_nano_watt(10000000000.0);
        let result = p_nano_watt + 5000000000.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_nano_watt(), 15000000000.0);
        
        let p_kilo_watt = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.01);
        let result = p_kilo_watt + 0.005;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_kilo_watt(), 0.015);
        
        let p_mega_watt = Power::from_mega_watt(0.00001);
        let result = p_mega_watt + 0.000005;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_mega_watt(), 0.000015);
        
        let p_horse_power = Power::from_horse_power(0.01);
        let result = p_horse_power + 0.005;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_horse_power(), 0.015);
        
        // 测试从不同单位创建的 Power 与 f64 的减法
        let p_watt = Power::from_watt(20.0);
        let result = p_watt - 5.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 15.0);
        
        let p_mill_watt = Power::from_mill_watt(20000.0);
        let result = p_mill_watt - 5000.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_mill_watt(), 15000.0);
        
        let p_micro_watt = Power::from_micro_watt(20000000.0);
        let result = p_micro_watt - 5000000.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_micro_watt(), 15000000.0);
        
        let p_nano_watt = Power::from_nano_watt(20000000000.0);
        let result = p_nano_watt - 5000000000.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_nano_watt(), 15000000000.0);
        
        let p_kilo_watt = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.02);
        let result = p_kilo_watt - 0.005;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_kilo_watt(), 0.015);
        
        let p_mega_watt = Power::from_mega_watt(0.00002);
        let result = p_mega_watt - 0.000005;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_mega_watt(), 0.000015);
        
        let p_horse_power = Power::from_horse_power(0.02);
        let result = p_horse_power - 0.005;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_horse_power(), 0.015);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_multiplication_operations() {
        // 测试所有类型的 Power 与 f64 的乘法
        
        let p_watt = Power::from_watt(10.0);
        let result = p_watt * 2.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 20.0);
        
        let p_mill_watt = Power::from_mill_watt(1000.0);
        let result = p_mill_watt * 3.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 3.0);
        
        let p_micro_watt = Power::from_micro_watt(1000000.0);
        let result = p_micro_watt * 2.5;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 2.5);
        
        let p_nano_watt = Power::from_nano_watt(1000000000.0);
        let result = p_nano_watt * 1.5;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 1.5);
        
        let p_kilo_watt = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.001);
        let result = p_kilo_watt * 2.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 2.0);
        
        let p_mega_watt = Power::from_mega_watt(0.000001);
        let result = p_mega_watt * 3.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 3.0);
        
        let p_horse_power = Power::from_horse_power(1.0 / 745.7);
        let result = p_horse_power * 4.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 4.0, epsilon = 1e-10);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_division_operations() {
        // 测试所有类型的 Power 与 f64 的除法
        
        let p_watt = Power::from_watt(20.0);
        let result = p_watt / 2.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 10.0);
        
        let p_mill_watt = Power::from_mill_watt(3000.0);
        let result = p_mill_watt / 3.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 1.0);
        
        let p_micro_watt = Power::from_micro_watt(2500000.0);
        let result = p_micro_watt / 2.5;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 1.0);
        
        let p_nano_watt = Power::from_nano_watt(1500000000.0);
        let result = p_nano_watt / 1.5;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 1.0);
        
        let p_kilo_watt = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.002);
        let result = p_kilo_watt / 2.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 1.0);
        
        let p_mega_watt = Power::from_mega_watt(0.000003);
        let result = p_mega_watt / 3.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 1.0);
        
        let p_horse_power = Power::from_horse_power(4.0 / 745.7);
        let result = p_horse_power / 4.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 1.0, epsilon = 1e-10);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_coef_operations() {
        // 测试与 Coef 的运算
        
        let p = Power::from_watt(10.0);
        let coef = Coef::new(2.0);
        
        // 测试与系数的乘法
        let result = p * coef;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 20.0);
        
        // 测试与系数的除法
        let result = p / coef;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 5.0);
        
        // 测试不同单位的系数运算
        let p_horse_power = Power::from_horse_power(1.0);
        let coef = Coef::new(3.0);
        let result = p_horse_power * coef;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 2237.1, epsilon = 1e-10);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_edge_cases_arithmetic() {
        // 测试边界情况的算术运算
        
        // 测试零值
        let zero_power = Power::from_watt(0.0);
        let result = zero_power + 10.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 10.0);
        
        let result = zero_power - 5.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), -5.0);
        
        let result = zero_power * 100.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 0.0);
        
        // 测试负值
        let negative_power = Power::from_watt(-10.0);
        let result = negative_power + 15.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 5.0);
        
        let result = negative_power - 5.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), -15.0);
        
        let result = negative_power * 2.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), -20.0);
        
        // 测试大数值
        let large_power = Power::from_mega_watt(1000.0);
        let result = large_power * 2.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 2e9);
        
        // 测试小数值
        let small_power = Power::from_nano_watt(1.0);
        let result = small_power * 1000.0;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 1e-6);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_default(){
        let a = Power::default();
        assert_relative_eq!(a.v,0.0);
        assert_eq!(a.default_type,PowerType::Watt);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_f64_mul_power() {
        // 测试 f64 与 Power 的乘法
        
        let p_watt = Power::from_watt(10.0);
        let result = 2.0 * p_watt;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 20.0);
        
        let p_mill_watt = Power::from_mill_watt(1000.0);
        let result = 3.0 * p_mill_watt;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 3.0);
        
        let p_micro_watt = Power::from_micro_watt(1000000.0);
        let result = 2.5 * p_micro_watt;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 2.5);
        
        let p_nano_watt = Power::from_nano_watt(1000000000.0);
        let result = 1.5 * p_nano_watt;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 1.5);
        
        let p_kilo_watt = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.001);
        let result = 2.0 * p_kilo_watt;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 2.0);
        
        let p_mega_watt = Power::from_mega_watt(0.000001);
        let result = 3.0 * p_mega_watt;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 3.0);
        
        let p_horse_power = Power::from_horse_power(1.0 / 745.7);
        let result = 4.0 * p_horse_power;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 4.0, epsilon = 1e-10);
        
        // 测试负值
        let p_negative = Power::from_watt(-5.0);
        let result = 3.0 * p_negative;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), -15.0);
        
        // 测试零值
        let p_zero = Power::from_watt(0.0);
        let result = 100.0 * p_zero;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 0.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_f64_div_power() {
        // 测试 f64 与 Power 的除法
        
        let p_watt = Power::from_watt(20.0);
        let result = 40.0 / p_watt;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 2.0);
        
        let p_mill_watt = Power::from_mill_watt(3000.0);
        let result = 3.0 / p_mill_watt;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 1.0);
        
        let p_micro_watt = Power::from_micro_watt(2500000.0);
        let result = 2.5 / p_micro_watt;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 1.0);
        
        let p_nano_watt = Power::from_nano_watt(1500000000.0);
        let result = 1.5 / p_nano_watt;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 1.0);
        
        let p_kilo_watt = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.002);
        let result = 2.0 / p_kilo_watt;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 1.0);
        
        let p_mega_watt = Power::from_mega_watt(0.000003);
        let result = 3.0 / p_mega_watt;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 1.0);
        
        let p_horse_power = Power::from_horse_power(4.0 / 745.7);
        let result = 4.0 / p_horse_power;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), 1.0, epsilon = 1e-10);
        
        // 测试负值
        let p_negative = Power::from_watt(-10.0);
        let result = 30.0 / p_negative;
        assert_relative_eq!(result.as_watt(), -3.0);
        
        // 测试零值（应该 panic）
        let _p_zero = Power::from_watt(0.0);
        // 注意：这里不测试除以零的情况，因为会导致 panic
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_comprehensive_multiplication_division() {
        // 综合测试所有乘法除法操作
        
        // 测试 Power 与 f64 的乘法（所有单位类型）
        let units = vec![
            (Power::from_watt(10.0), "Watt"),
            (Power::from_mill_watt(10000.0), "MillWatt"),
            (Power::from_micro_watt(10000000.0), "MicroWatt"),
            (Power::from_nano_watt(10000000000.0), "NanoWatt"),
            (Power::from_kilo_watt(0.01), "KiloWatt"),
            (Power::from_mega_watt(0.00001), "MegaWatt"),
            (Power::from_horse_power(10.0 / 745.7), "HorsePower"),
        ];
        
        for (power, _unit_name) in units {
            // Power * f64
            let result1 = power * 2.0;
            assert_relative_eq!(result1.as_watt(), 20.0, epsilon = 1e-10);
            
            // f64 * Power
            let result2 = 2.0 * power;
            assert_relative_eq!(result2.as_watt(), 20.0, epsilon = 1e-10);
            
            // Power / f64
            let result3 = power / 2.0;
            assert_relative_eq!(result3.as_watt(), 5.0, epsilon = 1e-10);
            
            // f64 / Power
            let result4 = 10.0 / power;
            assert_relative_eq!(result4.as_watt(), 1.0, epsilon = 1e-10);
        }
        
        // 测试与 Coef 的运算
        let p = Power::from_watt(15.0);
        let coef = Coef::new(3.0);
        
        let result_mul = p * coef;
        assert_relative_eq!(result_mul.as_watt(), 45.0);
        
        let result_div = p / coef;
        assert_relative_eq!(result_div.as_watt(), 5.0);
        
        // 测试物理运算
        let power = Power::from_watt(100.0);
        let force = Force::from_newton(20.0);
        let velocity = Velocity::from_m_per_sec(5.0);
        
        // 功率 ÷ 力 = 速度
        let result_velocity = power / force;
        assert_relative_eq!(result_velocity.as_m_per_sec(), 5.0);
        
        // 功率 ÷ 速度 = 力
        let result_force = power / velocity;
        assert_relative_eq!(result_force.as_newton(), 20.0);
        
        // 力 × 速度 = 功率
        let result_power1 = force * velocity;
        assert_relative_eq!(result_power1.as_watt(), 100.0);
        
        // 速度 × 力 = 功率
        let result_power2 = velocity * force;
        assert_relative_eq!(result_power2.as_watt(), 100.0);
        
        // 功率 × 时间 = 能量
        let time = TimeDelta::seconds(2);
        let energy = power * time;
        assert_relative_eq!(energy.as_joule(), 200.0);
        
        // 时间 × 功率 = 能量
        let energy2 = time * power;
        assert_relative_eq!(energy2.as_joule(), 200.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_ref_ops() {
        let p1 = Power::from_watt(10.0);
        let p2 = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.005); // 5 W
        let s = &p1 + &p2;
        assert_relative_eq!(s.as_watt(), 15.0);

        let d = &p1 - &p2;
        assert_relative_eq!(d.as_watt(), 5.0);

        let v = &p1 / &Force::from_newton(2.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(v.as_m_per_sec(), 5.0);

        let f = &p1 / &Velocity::from_m_per_sec(2.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(f.as_newton(), 5.0);

        // 混合引用：加/减
        let s2 = p1 + &p2;
        assert_relative_eq!(s2.as_watt(), 15.0);
        let p1b = Power::from_watt(10.0);
        let s3 = &p1b + p2;
        assert_relative_eq!(s3.as_watt(), 15.0);

        let p1c = Power::from_watt(10.0);
        let p2c = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.005);
        let d2 = p1c - &p2c;
        assert_relative_eq!(d2.as_watt(), 5.0);
        let p1d = Power::from_watt(10.0);
        let p2d = Power::from_kilo_watt(0.005);
        let d3 = &p1d - p2d;
        assert_relative_eq!(d3.as_watt(), 5.0);

        // 混合引用：/ Force
        let v2 = p1 / &Force::from_newton(2.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(v2.as_m_per_sec(), 5.0);
        let p1e = Power::from_watt(10.0);
        let v3 = &p1e / Force::from_newton(2.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(v3.as_m_per_sec(), 5.0);

        // 混合引用：/ Velocity
        let f2 = p1 / &Velocity::from_m_per_sec(2.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(f2.as_newton(), 5.0);
        let p1f = Power::from_watt(10.0);
        let f3 = &p1f / Velocity::from_m_per_sec(2.0);
        assert_relative_eq!(f3.as_newton(), 5.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_neg() {
        // 测试正值的负号
        let p1 = Power::from_watt(5.0);
        let neg_p1 = -p1;
        assert_relative_eq!(neg_p1.as_watt(), -5.0);

        // 测试负值的负号
        let p2 = Power::from_kilo_watt(-10.0);
        let neg_p2 = -p2;
        assert_relative_eq!(neg_p2.as_kilo_watt(), 10.0);

        // 测试零值
        let p3 = Power::from_watt(0.0);
        let neg_p3 = -p3;
        assert_relative_eq!(neg_p3.as_watt(), 0.0);

        // 测试不同单位的负号操作
        let p4 = Power::from_mega_watt(1.0);
        let neg_p4 = -p4;
        assert_relative_eq!(neg_p4.as_watt(), -1_000_000.0);

        // 测试马力
        let p5 = Power::from_horse_power(1.0);
        let neg_p5 = -p5;
        assert_relative_eq!(neg_p5.as_watt(), -745.7);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_voltage_times_current_is_power() {
        // V × I（值×值）
        let v = ElectricPotential::from_v(2.0);
        let i = ElectricCurrent::from_a(3.0);
        let p: Power = v * i;
        assert_relative_eq!(p.as_watt(), 6.0);

        // V × I 引用形式
        let v2 = ElectricPotential::from_v(2.0);
        let i2 = ElectricCurrent::from_a(3.0);
        assert_relative_eq!((&v2 * &i2).as_watt(), 6.0);
        let v3 = ElectricPotential::from_v(2.0);
        let i3 = ElectricCurrent::from_a(3.0);
        assert_relative_eq!((v3 * &i3).as_watt(), 6.0);
        let v4 = ElectricPotential::from_v(2.0);
        let i4 = ElectricCurrent::from_a(3.0);
        assert_relative_eq!((&v4 * i4).as_watt(), 6.0);

        // I × V（值×值）
        let i5 = ElectricCurrent::from_a(2.0);
        let v5 = ElectricPotential::from_v(3.0);
        let p5: Power = i5 * v5;
        assert_relative_eq!(p5.as_watt(), 6.0);

        // I × V 引用形式
        let i6 = ElectricCurrent::from_a(2.0);
        let v6 = ElectricPotential::from_v(3.0);
        assert_relative_eq!((&i6 * &v6).as_watt(), 6.0);
        let i7 = ElectricCurrent::from_a(2.0);
        let v7 = ElectricPotential::from_v(3.0);
        assert_relative_eq!((i7 * &v7).as_watt(), 6.0);
        let i8 = ElectricCurrent::from_a(2.0);
        let v8 = ElectricPotential::from_v(3.0);
        assert_relative_eq!((&i8 * v8).as_watt(), 6.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_power_as_any() {
        let g: &dyn PhysicalQuantity = &Power::from_watt(1.23);
        let d = g.as_any().downcast_ref::<Power>().unwrap();
        assert_relative_eq!(d.as_watt(), 1.23);
    }
}