zero-postgres 0.9.0

A high-performance PostgreSQL client
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
//! Async pipeline mode for batching multiple queries.

use compio::buf::BufResult;
use std::collections::VecDeque;

use crate::pipeline::Expectation;
use crate::pipeline::Ticket;

use crate::conversion::{FromRow, ToParams};
use crate::error::{Error, Result};
use crate::handler::ExtendedHandler;
use crate::protocol::backend::{
    BindComplete, CommandComplete, DataRow, EmptyQueryResponse, ErrorResponse, NoData,
    ParseComplete, RawMessage, ReadyForQuery, RowDescription, msg_type,
};
use crate::protocol::frontend::{
    write_bind, write_describe_portal, write_execute, write_flush, write_parse, write_sync,
};
use crate::state::extended::PreparedStatement;
use crate::statement::{IntoStatement, StatementRef};

use super::conn::Conn;

/// Async pipeline mode for batching multiple queries.
///
/// Created by [`Conn::pipeline`].
pub struct Pipeline<'a> {
    conn: &'a mut Conn,
    /// Monotonically increasing counter for queued operations
    queue_seq: usize,
    /// Next sequence number to claim
    claim_seq: usize,
    /// Whether the pipeline is in aborted state (error occurred)
    aborted: bool,
    /// Buffer for column descriptions during row processing
    column_buffer: Vec<u8>,
    /// Expected responses queue (exec operations and Sync points)
    expectations: VecDeque<Expectation>,
}

impl<'a> Pipeline<'a> {
    /// Create a new pipeline.
    ///
    /// Prefer using [`Conn::pipeline`] which handles cleanup automatically.
    /// This constructor is available for advanced use cases.
    #[cfg(feature = "lowlevel")]
    pub fn new(conn: &'a mut Conn) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(conn)
    }

    /// Create a new pipeline (internal).
    pub(crate) fn new_inner(conn: &'a mut Conn) -> Self {
        conn.buffer_set.write_buffer.clear();
        Self {
            conn,
            queue_seq: 0,
            claim_seq: 0,
            aborted: false,
            column_buffer: Vec::new(),
            expectations: VecDeque::new(),
        }
    }

    /// Cleanup the pipeline, draining any unclaimed tickets.
    #[cfg(feature = "lowlevel")]
    pub async fn cleanup(&mut self) {
        self.cleanup_inner().await;
    }

    #[cfg(not(feature = "lowlevel"))]
    pub(crate) async fn cleanup(&mut self) {
        self.cleanup_inner().await;
    }

    async fn cleanup_inner(&mut self) {
        // Nothing to clean up if no operations were queued and no expectations pending
        if self.queue_seq == 0 && self.expectations.is_empty() {
            return;
        }

        // Send sync if we have unflushed operations or no sync is queued yet
        if !self.conn.buffer_set.write_buffer.is_empty()
            || !self.expectations.iter().any(|e| *e == Expectation::Sync)
        {
            let _ = self.sync().await;
        }

        // Drain remaining expectations
        if self.aborted {
            // In aborted state, server skipped remaining commands - only consume ReadyForQuery(s)
            while let Some(expectation) = self.expectations.pop_front() {
                if expectation == Expectation::Sync {
                    let _ = self.consume_ready_for_query().await;
                }
            }
        } else {
            // Normal drain: process all expectations
            while let Some(expectation) = self.expectations.pop_front() {
                let _ = self.drain_expectation(expectation).await;
            }
        }

        // Reset state
        self.queue_seq = 0;
        self.claim_seq = 0;
        self.aborted = false;
    }

    /// Drain a single expectation.
    async fn drain_expectation(&mut self, expectation: Expectation) {
        let mut handler = crate::handler::DropHandler::new();
        let _ = match expectation {
            Expectation::ParseBindExecute => self.claim_parse_bind_exec_inner(&mut handler).await,
            Expectation::BindExecute => self.claim_bind_exec_inner(&mut handler, None).await,
            Expectation::Sync => self.consume_ready_for_query().await,
        };
    }

    // ========================================================================
    // Queue Operations
    // ========================================================================

    /// Queue a statement execution.
    pub fn exec<'s, P: ToParams>(
        &mut self,
        statement: &'s (impl IntoStatement + ?Sized),
        params: P,
    ) -> Result<Ticket<'s>> {
        let seq = self.queue_seq;
        self.queue_seq += 1;

        match statement.statement_ref() {
            StatementRef::Sql(sql) => {
                self.exec_sql_inner(sql, &params)?;
                Ok(Ticket { seq, stmt: None })
            }
            StatementRef::Prepared(stmt) => {
                self.exec_prepared_inner(&stmt.wire_name(), &stmt.param_oids, &params)?;
                Ok(Ticket {
                    seq,
                    stmt: Some(stmt),
                })
            }
        }
    }

    fn exec_sql_inner<P: ToParams>(&mut self, sql: &str, params: &P) -> Result<()> {
        let param_oids = params.natural_oids();
        let buf = &mut self.conn.buffer_set.write_buffer;
        write_parse(buf, "", sql, &param_oids);
        write_bind(buf, "", "", params, &param_oids)?;
        write_describe_portal(buf, "");
        write_execute(buf, "", 0);
        self.expectations.push_back(Expectation::ParseBindExecute);
        Ok(())
    }

    fn exec_prepared_inner<P: ToParams>(
        &mut self,
        stmt_name: &str,
        param_oids: &[u32],
        params: &P,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        let buf = &mut self.conn.buffer_set.write_buffer;
        write_bind(buf, "", stmt_name, params, param_oids)?;
        // Skip write_describe_portal - use cached RowDescription from PreparedStatement
        write_execute(buf, "", 0);
        self.expectations.push_back(Expectation::BindExecute);
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Send a FLUSH message to trigger server response.
    pub async fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
        if !self.conn.buffer_set.write_buffer.is_empty() {
            write_flush(&mut self.conn.buffer_set.write_buffer);
            let buf = std::mem::take(&mut self.conn.buffer_set.write_buffer);
            let BufResult(result, buf) = self.conn.stream.write_all_owned(buf).await;
            self.conn.buffer_set.write_buffer = buf;
            result?;
            self.conn.stream.flush().await?;
            self.conn.buffer_set.write_buffer.clear();
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Send a SYNC message to establish a transaction boundary.
    pub async fn sync(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
        let result = self.sync_inner().await;
        if let Err(e) = &result
            && e.is_connection_broken()
        {
            self.conn.is_broken = true;
        }
        result
    }

    async fn sync_inner(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
        write_sync(&mut self.conn.buffer_set.write_buffer);
        self.expectations.push_back(Expectation::Sync);
        let buf = std::mem::take(&mut self.conn.buffer_set.write_buffer);
        let BufResult(result, buf) = self.conn.stream.write_all_owned(buf).await;
        self.conn.buffer_set.write_buffer = buf;
        result?;
        self.conn.stream.flush().await?;
        self.conn.buffer_set.write_buffer.clear();
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Consume a single ReadyForQuery message.
    async fn consume_ready_for_query(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
        loop {
            self.conn
                .stream
                .read_message(&mut self.conn.buffer_set)
                .await?;
            let type_byte = self.conn.buffer_set.type_byte;

            if RawMessage::is_async_type(type_byte) {
                continue;
            }

            if type_byte == msg_type::ERROR_RESPONSE {
                let error = ErrorResponse::parse(&self.conn.buffer_set.read_buffer)?;
                return Err(error.into_error());
            }

            if type_byte == msg_type::READY_FOR_QUERY {
                let ready = ReadyForQuery::parse(&self.conn.buffer_set.read_buffer)?;
                self.conn.transaction_status = ready.transaction_status().unwrap_or_default();
                return Ok(());
            }
        }
    }

    /// Consume all pending Sync expectations from the front of the queue.
    async fn consume_pending_syncs(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
        while self.expectations.front() == Some(&Expectation::Sync) {
            self.expectations.pop_front();
            self.consume_ready_for_query().await?;
            // Reset aborted state - after ReadyForQuery, pipeline can continue
            self.aborted = false;
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    // ========================================================================
    // Claim Operations
    // ========================================================================

    /// Claim with a custom handler.
    #[cfg(feature = "lowlevel")]
    pub async fn claim<H: ExtendedHandler>(
        &mut self,
        ticket: Ticket<'_>,
        handler: &mut H,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        self.claim_with_handler(ticket, handler).await
    }

    async fn claim_with_handler<H: ExtendedHandler>(
        &mut self,
        ticket: Ticket<'_>,
        handler: &mut H,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        self.check_sequence(ticket.seq)?;

        // Auto-sync if buffer has unsent data
        if !self.conn.buffer_set.write_buffer.is_empty() {
            self.sync().await?;
        }

        if self.aborted {
            self.claim_seq += 1;
            // Pop but don't process the exec expectation (server skipped it)
            self.expectations.pop_front();
            self.consume_pending_syncs().await?;
            return Err(Error::LibraryBug(
                "pipeline aborted due to earlier error".into(),
            ));
        }

        let expectation = self.expectations.pop_front();

        let result = match expectation {
            Some(Expectation::ParseBindExecute) => self.claim_parse_bind_exec_inner(handler).await,
            Some(Expectation::BindExecute) => {
                self.claim_bind_exec_inner(handler, ticket.stmt).await
            }
            Some(Expectation::Sync) => Err(Error::LibraryBug("unexpected Sync expectation".into())),
            None => Err(Error::LibraryBug("no expectation in queue".into())),
        };

        if let Err(e) = &result {
            if e.is_connection_broken() {
                self.conn.is_broken = true;
            }
            self.aborted = true;
        }
        self.claim_seq += 1;
        self.consume_pending_syncs().await?;
        result
    }

    /// Claim and collect all rows.
    pub async fn claim_collect<T: for<'b> FromRow<'b>>(
        &mut self,
        ticket: Ticket<'_>,
    ) -> Result<Vec<T>> {
        let mut handler = crate::handler::CollectHandler::<T>::new();
        self.claim_with_handler(ticket, &mut handler).await?;
        Ok(handler.into_rows())
    }

    /// Claim and return just the first row.
    pub async fn claim_one<T: for<'b> FromRow<'b>>(
        &mut self,
        ticket: Ticket<'_>,
    ) -> Result<Option<T>> {
        let mut handler = crate::handler::FirstRowHandler::<T>::new();
        self.claim_with_handler(ticket, &mut handler).await?;
        Ok(handler.into_row())
    }

    /// Claim and discard all rows.
    pub async fn claim_drop(&mut self, ticket: Ticket<'_>) -> Result<()> {
        let mut handler = crate::handler::DropHandler::new();
        self.claim_with_handler(ticket, &mut handler).await
    }

    /// Check that the ticket sequence matches the expected claim sequence.
    fn check_sequence(&self, seq: usize) -> Result<()> {
        if seq != self.claim_seq {
            return Err(Error::InvalidUsage(format!(
                "claim out of order: expected seq {}, got {}",
                self.claim_seq, seq
            )));
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Claim Parse + Bind + Execute (for raw SQL exec() calls).
    async fn claim_parse_bind_exec_inner<H: ExtendedHandler>(
        &mut self,
        handler: &mut H,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        // Expect: ParseComplete
        self.read_next_message().await?;
        if self.conn.buffer_set.type_byte != msg_type::PARSE_COMPLETE {
            return self.unexpected_message("ParseComplete");
        }
        ParseComplete::parse(&self.conn.buffer_set.read_buffer)?;

        // Expect: BindComplete
        self.read_next_message().await?;
        if self.conn.buffer_set.type_byte != msg_type::BIND_COMPLETE {
            return self.unexpected_message("BindComplete");
        }
        BindComplete::parse(&self.conn.buffer_set.read_buffer)?;

        // Now read rows
        self.claim_rows_inner(handler).await
    }

    /// Claim Bind + Execute (for prepared statement exec() calls).
    async fn claim_bind_exec_inner<H: ExtendedHandler>(
        &mut self,
        handler: &mut H,
        stmt: Option<&PreparedStatement>,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        // Expect: BindComplete
        self.read_next_message().await?;
        if self.conn.buffer_set.type_byte != msg_type::BIND_COMPLETE {
            return self.unexpected_message("BindComplete");
        }
        BindComplete::parse(&self.conn.buffer_set.read_buffer)?;

        // Use cached RowDescription from PreparedStatement (no copy)
        let row_desc = stmt.and_then(|s| s.row_desc_payload());

        // Now read rows (no RowDescription/NoData expected from server)
        self.claim_rows_cached_inner(handler, row_desc).await
    }

    /// Common row reading logic (reads RowDescription from server).
    async fn claim_rows_inner<H: ExtendedHandler>(&mut self, handler: &mut H) -> Result<()> {
        // Expect RowDescription or NoData
        self.read_next_message().await?;
        let has_rows = match self.conn.buffer_set.type_byte {
            msg_type::ROW_DESCRIPTION => {
                self.column_buffer.clear();
                self.column_buffer
                    .extend_from_slice(&self.conn.buffer_set.read_buffer);
                true
            }
            msg_type::NO_DATA => {
                NoData::parse(&self.conn.buffer_set.read_buffer)?;
                // No rows will follow, but we still need terminal message
                false
            }
            _ => {
                return Err(Error::LibraryBug(format!(
                    "expected RowDescription or NoData, got '{}'",
                    self.conn.buffer_set.type_byte as char
                )));
            }
        };

        // Read data rows until terminal message
        loop {
            self.read_next_message().await?;
            let type_byte = self.conn.buffer_set.type_byte;

            match type_byte {
                msg_type::DATA_ROW => {
                    if !has_rows {
                        return Err(Error::LibraryBug(
                            "received DataRow but no RowDescription".into(),
                        ));
                    }
                    let cols = RowDescription::parse(&self.column_buffer)?;
                    let row = DataRow::parse(&self.conn.buffer_set.read_buffer)?;
                    handler.row(cols, row)?;
                }
                msg_type::COMMAND_COMPLETE => {
                    let cmd = CommandComplete::parse(&self.conn.buffer_set.read_buffer)?;
                    handler.result_end(cmd)?;
                    return Ok(());
                }
                msg_type::EMPTY_QUERY_RESPONSE => {
                    EmptyQueryResponse::parse(&self.conn.buffer_set.read_buffer)?;
                    return Ok(());
                }
                _ => {
                    return Err(Error::LibraryBug(format!(
                        "unexpected message type in pipeline claim: '{}'",
                        type_byte as char
                    )));
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /// Row reading logic with cached RowDescription (no server message expected).
    async fn claim_rows_cached_inner<H: ExtendedHandler>(
        &mut self,
        handler: &mut H,
        row_desc: Option<&[u8]>,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        // Read data rows until terminal message
        loop {
            self.read_next_message().await?;
            let type_byte = self.conn.buffer_set.type_byte;

            match type_byte {
                msg_type::DATA_ROW => {
                    let row_desc = row_desc.ok_or_else(|| {
                        Error::LibraryBug("received DataRow but no RowDescription cached".into())
                    })?;
                    let cols = RowDescription::parse(row_desc)?;
                    let row = DataRow::parse(&self.conn.buffer_set.read_buffer)?;
                    handler.row(cols, row)?;
                }
                msg_type::COMMAND_COMPLETE => {
                    let cmd = CommandComplete::parse(&self.conn.buffer_set.read_buffer)?;
                    handler.result_end(cmd)?;
                    return Ok(());
                }
                msg_type::EMPTY_QUERY_RESPONSE => {
                    EmptyQueryResponse::parse(&self.conn.buffer_set.read_buffer)?;
                    return Ok(());
                }
                _ => {
                    return Err(Error::LibraryBug(format!(
                        "unexpected message type in pipeline claim: '{}'",
                        type_byte as char
                    )));
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /// Read the next message, skipping async messages and handling errors.
    async fn read_next_message(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
        loop {
            self.conn
                .stream
                .read_message(&mut self.conn.buffer_set)
                .await?;
            let type_byte = self.conn.buffer_set.type_byte;

            // Handle async messages
            if RawMessage::is_async_type(type_byte) {
                continue;
            }

            // Handle error
            if type_byte == msg_type::ERROR_RESPONSE {
                let error = ErrorResponse::parse(&self.conn.buffer_set.read_buffer)?;
                return Err(error.into_error());
            }

            return Ok(());
        }
    }

    /// Create an error for unexpected message type.
    fn unexpected_message<T>(&self, expected: &str) -> Result<T> {
        Err(Error::LibraryBug(format!(
            "expected {}, got '{}'",
            expected, self.conn.buffer_set.type_byte as char
        )))
    }

    /// Returns the number of operations that have been queued but not yet claimed.
    pub fn pending_count(&self) -> usize {
        self.queue_seq - self.claim_seq
    }

    /// Returns true if the pipeline is in aborted state due to an error.
    pub fn is_aborted(&self) -> bool {
        self.aborted
    }
}