# ZahirScan: Template-Based Content Compression & Metadata Extraction
[](https://crates.io/crates/zahirscan)
[](https://docs.rs/zahirscan)
> _"Others will dream that I am mad, while I dream of the Zahir."_ — [JL Borges, Labyrinths](https://bookshop.org/p/books/labyrinths-jorge-luis-borges/f14b472a366ed106?ean=9780811216999&next=t&)
A high-performance Rust CLI that uses probabilistic template mining to extract structure and patterns from content, and metadata for the formats below.
**Supported formats**:
- **Logs**: Plain text logs, JSON-formatted logs, structured log files
- **Text Documents**: TXT, Markdown (MD), plain text content
- **Documents**: DOCX, XLSX, PPTX, PDF, EPUB
- **Databases**: SQLite (.db, .sqlite, .sqlite3)
- **Settings**: INI (.ini, .cfg), TOML (.toml, .lock), YAML (.yaml, .yml), XML (.xml)
- **Structured**: CSV, JSON, HTML (.html, .htm)
- **Archives**: ZIP (.zip); TAR and compressed TAR (`.tar`, `.tar.gz`, `.tgz`, `.tar.bz2`, `.tar.xz`).
- **Code/Scripts**: Detected via [linguist](https://github.com/github-linguist/linguist) (e.g. .py, .rs, .js, .ts, .sh, Makefile, Dockerfile).
- **Images**: JPEG, PNG, GIF, WebP, BMP, TIFF
- **Videos**: MP4, MKV, AVI, MOV, WMV, FLV, WebM, M4V, 3GP, OGV
- **Audio**: MP3, FLAC, WAV, M4A, AAC, OGG, Opus, WMA, APE, DSD, DSF
## Key Features
- **Template mining**: Repeated patterns in logs/text → templates with placeholders
- **Memory-mapped I/O**: `memmap2`; single open per path
- **Adaptive parallelization**: Phase 2 chunk sizes and worker usage tuned from Phase 1 stats (file count, bytes, variance); Rayon parallel iteration with adaptive batching when task count exceeds `workers × threshold_multiplier`
- **Path batching**: For large path sets, the pipeline runs in batches (batch size from process fd limit) so mmaps are dropped between batches—avoids “too many open files” on huge scans (e.g. 900k+ paths)
- **Streamable output**: `OutputSink::Collect` (default), `OutputSink::StreamOnly` (callback per file, no collection), or `OutputSink::Channel` (send on channel); works with path batching
- **Size reduction**: Typically 80–95% smaller than raw while preserving structure and metadata
### Metadata extraction by format
| **Metadata** | **Extracts** |
| -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Media | Dimensions, codecs, bitrates for images, videos, audio |
| Document | **DOCX**: word count, character count, paragraph count, title, author, creation/modification dates, revision. **XLSX**: sheet count, sheet names, row/column counts per sheet, core properties. **PPTX**: slide count, core properties. **PDF**: page count, title, author, subject, creator, producer, creation/modification dates, PDF version, encryption status. **EPUB**: title, author, language, identifier, chapter count; writing footprint from spine body text. DRM-protected EPUBs (META-INF/encryption.xml present) are skipped for parsing and writing analysis. |
| Log | Byte count, line count, line ending (lf/crlf/cr), max line length, blank line count, has_timestamps (sample of first lines for ISO8601/epoch) |
| JSON | Byte count, line count, line ending, max line length, blank line count; root_type (array/object), root_array_length or root_object_key_count, max_depth, pretty_printed heuristic |
| CSV | Row/column counts, column names, data types, delimiter, quote/escape characters, null percentages, unique counts; type-specific statistics (numeric: min/max/mean/median/IQR/stdev, date: span/min/max, boolean: true percentage) |
| SQLite | Schema (tables, columns, types, constraints), primary keys, foreign keys, indexes, row counts, column statistics (null percentages, unique counts, numeric/text/boolean/blob/date) |
| TOML, YAML, INI, CFG | Recursive schema (scalar, table/mapping, array/sequence; INI: section→key→scalar, multi-line values), key count, max depth. TOML: section count. YAML: scalar/sequence/map counts. INI/.cfg: section count, comment count |
| Code/Scripts | script_type (linguist + optional shebang), byte_count, line_count; BOM, line_ending, trailing_newline, max_line_length, blank_line_count, indentation (single-pass scan) |
| ZIP | File count, entries (path, uncompressed/compressed size, detected type, modified, compression method), entry_type_counts; filters hidden OS files (e.g. \_\_MACOSX, .DS_Store, Thumbs.db) |
| Archive (TAR family) | File count, entries (path, size), compressed_size, uncompressed_size |
| XML | Recursive schema (root→children with attributes; repeated siblings as arrays with union of all children), element count, attribute count, max depth, has_namespaces |
| HTML | Title, meta description, lang, charset, viewport; link/stylesheet/script/style counts; heading (h1–h6) and element counts (img, table, form, p, ul, ol, iframe, article, nav, section, header, footer, main); plain_text_len, word_count; writing footprint from body text |
| Writing Footprint | For text/markdown/html: vocabulary richness, sentence structure, template diversity, punctuation metrics. Uses **two writing-analysis passes**: (1) exact-pattern grouping (n-gram/phrase-based); (2) shape fallback (group by sentence length + end punctuation) when pass 1 yields no templates |
## Installation
```bash
cargo add zahirscan # library
cargo install zahirscan # CLI
```
`ffprobe` (FFmpeg) is optional and required for video/audio metadata.
## Usage
### CLI
```bash
$ zahirscan --help
Template mining for text/logs and metadata extraction for media, documents, archives, and more
Usage: zahirscan [OPTIONS] [COMMAND]
Commands:
init Write default config to XDG config dir (~/.config/zahirscan/zahirscan.toml or equivalent)
help Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s)
Options:
-i, --input <INPUT>... Input file(s) to parse (can specify multiple)
-o, --output <OUTPUT> Output folder path (defaults to temp file if not specified). Creates filename.zahirscan.out in the folder for each input file
-f, --full Output mode: full metadata (for development/debugging). Default is templates-only mode (minimal JSON with templates & writing footprint)
-d, --dev Development mode: enables debug logging. Default is production mode (info level only). This disables progress bars if enabled
-r, --redact Redact file paths in output (show only filename as ***/filename.ext). Useful for privacy when sharing output JSON
-n, --no-media Skip media metadata extraction (audio, video, image). Faster processing when metadata is not needed
-p, --progress Show progress bars during processing. This is ignored if dev mode is enabled
-h, --help Print help
-V, --version Print version
```
**Output formats:**
- **Mode 1 (Templates)**: Minimal JSON with template patterns & schema, writing footprint (for text/markdown), media metadata (for images/videos/audio), code metadata (for code/script files), log metadata (for log files), JSON metadata (for JSON files), and document metadata (for DOCX/XLSX/PPTX)
- **Mode 2 (Full)**: Mode 1 output plus:
- File statistics (size, line count, processing time)
- Size comparison (before/after)
### Library Usage
ZahirScan can be used as a Rust library to extract schemas (templates and metadata) from files programmatically.
#### Basic: collect all outputs\*\*
```rust
use zahirscan::{extract_zahir, OutputMode, OutputSink};
// Default config, no file write; all results in result.outputs
let result = extract_zahir(
"file.log",
OutputMode::Full,
None,
None,
OutputSink::Collect,
)?;
// result.outputs, result.phase1_failed, result.phase2_failed
```
#### Stream-only: callback or channel (no collection, bounded memory)
```rust
use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
use zahirscan::{extract_zahir, Output, OutputMode, OutputSink};
let collected = Arc::new(Mutex::new(Vec::<(String, zahirscan::Output)>::new()));
let c = Arc::clone(&collected);
let result = extract_zahir(
["a.log", "b.log"],
OutputMode::Full,
None,
None,
OutputSink::StreamOnly(Box::new(move |path, out| {
c.lock().unwrap().push((path, out));
})),
)?;
// result.outputs is empty; results are in collected
```
#### Streaming input (paths from a channel)
```rust
use std::sync::mpsc;
use zahirscan::{extract_zahir_from_stream, OutputMode, OutputSink};
let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel();
// Producer sends paths, then drops tx
let result = extract_zahir_from_stream(rx, OutputMode::Full, None, None, OutputSink::Collect)?;
```
**Inputs**: single path (`&str`, `String`) or multiple (`&[&str]`, `Vec<String>`, etc.). **Config**: pass `Some(&config)` for custom `RuntimeConfig`; `None` uses embedded default. Full API: `ZahirScanResult`, `Output`, `OutputSink`, `Template`, `WritingFootprint`, and per-format metadata: [docs.rs](https://docs.rs/zahirscan).
### Configuration
- **CLI**: Embedded default (`config.toml`), merged with a user config in the app data dir if present. Only keys in the user file override.
- User config path: Unix `~/.config/zahirscan/zahirscan.toml` (or `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/zahirscan/zahirscan.toml`), Windows `%APPDATA%\zahirscan\zahirscan.toml`.
- Run **`zahirscan init`** to write the embedded default to edit; the CLI will use it as the overlay.
- **Library**: `extract_zahir(..., config: None, output_dir: None)` uses the embedded default only (no overlay). For custom config pass `Some(&config)`; `RuntimeConfig::new()` is the embedded default (no file I/O). Overlay is only used by the CLI via `setup::load_config()`.
Full schema: [config.toml](config.toml).
**Adaptive batching and parallelization:**
- **Path batching**: If the number of paths exceeds the batch size (derived from the process fd limit), the pipeline runs in batches; mmaps are dropped between batches so open file count stays bounded.
- **Phase 2 adaptive chunking**: Chunk sizes and “chunks per file” are derived from Phase 1 stats (file count, mean bytes, variance); targets a neat multiple of `max_workers` for load balancing.
- **Phase 2 parallel batching**: When task count exceeds `workers × threshold_multiplier`, Rayon uses `with_min_len(batch_size)` to avoid thread-pool saturation; otherwise full parallelism.
- `max_workers = 0` uses a sensible default (e.g. num_cpus - 1). No manual tuning is required for typical workloads.
**File filtering (`[filter]`):**
- `ignore_patterns`: skip files whose basename matches (exact: `.DS_Store`, `Thumbs.db`; suffix: `*.swp`, `*~`; prefix: `prefix*`)
- `ignore_hidden_files = true`: skip Unix hidden files (basename starts with `.`)
## Architecture
**Phase 1**: Format detection, stats (lines/bytes/tokens), mmap per path, content-type classification. Runs in parallel over paths (Rayon).
**Path batching**: When path count exceeds the batch size (from the process fd limit), the pipeline runs Phase 1 + Phase 2 per chunk of paths, then drops the chunk (and mmaps) before the next chunk.
**Phase 2**: Metadata extraction per format, template mining, writing footprint (exact-pattern then shape fallback for text/markdown). Single Rayon pool; adaptive chunk sizing from Phase 1 stats and adaptive parallel batching (min chunk length) when task count is large.
## Security
Read-only, non-invasive: path sanitization, existence checks, no source modification.
## License
Dual-licensed under [MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or [Apache-2.0](LICENSE-APACHE).