yog_api/

registry.rs

//! Registration hub and mod entry-point trait.
//!
//! [`Registry`] wraps the [`YogApi`] C table passed to `yog_mod_register` and
//! provides an ergonomic Rust API over it.  All closures registered here are
//! boxed on the heap and their raw pointers handed to the runtime; the runtime
//! then drives them via C function-pointer calls.  Closures are intentionally
//! leaked (never freed) — they live for the entire process lifetime, which is
//! correct for a game server.

use std::os::raw::c_void;

use yog_abi::{
    YogAdvancementEvent, YogApi, YogAttackEntityEvent, YogBlockBreakEvent, YogBlockDef,
    YogChatEvent, YogCommandEvent, YogContainerCloseEvent, YogContainerOpenEvent, YogCraftEvent,
    YogEntityDamageEvent, YogEntityDeathEvent, YogEntityInteractEvent, YogEntitySpawnEvent,
    YogExplosionEvent, YogGfxApi, YogInventoryDef, YogItemDef, YogItemPickupEvent,
    YogKeyPressEvent, YogPacketEvent, YogPlaceBlockEvent, YogPlayerDeathEvent, YogPlayerEvent,
    YogPlayerMoveEvent, YogPlayerRespawnEvent, YogProjectileHitEvent, YogServer,
    YogStartupGrantDef, YogStr, YogUseBlockEvent, YogUseItemEvent,
};
use yog_book::Book;
use yog_command::CommandContext;
use yog_core::Server;
use yog_dimensions::{ChunkWriter, YogDimensionDef};
use yog_event::{
    AdvancementEvent, AttackEntityEvent, BlockBreakEvent, ChatEvent, ClientTickEvent,
    ContainerCloseEvent, ContainerOpenEvent, CraftEvent, EntityDamageEvent, EntityDeathEvent,
    EntityInteractEvent, EntitySpawnEvent, EventPhase, ExplosionEvent, ItemPickupEvent,
    KeyPressEvent, PlaceBlockEvent, PlayerDeathEvent, PlayerJoinEvent, PlayerLeaveEvent,
    PlayerMoveEvent, PlayerRespawnEvent, ProjectileHitEvent, ScreenEvent, UseBlockEvent,
    UseItemEvent,
};
use yog_gfx::GfxContext;
use yog_network::{Packet, PacketEvent};
use yog_registry::{BlockDef, FurnaceRecipe, ItemDef, ShapedRecipe, ShapelessRecipe, StartupGrant};

// ── CServer — implements Server via the YogServer function table ──────────────

/// A handle to the runtime's server actions, backed by [`YogServer`] fn pointers.
/// Given to every handler as `&dyn Server`.
pub struct CServer(pub *const YogServer);

unsafe impl Send for CServer {}
unsafe impl Sync for CServer {}

macro_rules! srv {
    ($self:ident) => {
        unsafe { &*$self.0 }
    };
}

impl Server for CServer {
    fn broadcast(&self, message: &str) {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.broadcast)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(message)) }
    }

    fn get_block(&self, dimension: &str, pos: yog_core::BlockPos) -> Option<String> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe {
            (s.get_block)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                yog_abi::YogBlockPos {
                    x: pos.x,
                    y: pos.y,
                    z: pos.z,
                },
            )
        };

        take_owned(s.free_str, owned)
    }

    fn set_block(&self, dimension: &str, pos: yog_core::BlockPos, block_id: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.set_block)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                yog_abi::YogBlockPos {
                    x: pos.x,
                    y: pos.y,
                    z: pos.z,
                },
                YogStr::from_str(block_id),
            )
        }
    }

    fn give_item(&self, player: &str, item_id: &str, count: u32) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.give_item)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(player),
                YogStr::from_str(item_id),
                count,
            )
        }
    }

    fn teleport(&self, player: &str, x: f64, y: f64, z: f64) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.player_teleport)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(player),
                yog_abi::YogVec3 { x, y, z },
            )
        }
    }

    fn send_to_player(&self, player: &str, channel: &str, payload: &[u8]) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.send_to_player)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(player),
                YogStr::from_str(channel),
                payload.as_ptr(),
                payload.len() as u32,
            )
        }
    }

    fn send_to_server(&self, channel: &str, payload: &[u8]) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.send_to_server)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(channel),
                payload.as_ptr(),
                payload.len() as u32,
            )
        }
    }

    fn entity_teleport(&self, uuid: &str, x: f64, y: f64, z: f64) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.entity_teleport)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(uuid), yog_abi::YogVec3 { x, y, z }) }
    }

    fn entity_position(&self, uuid: &str) -> Option<(f64, f64, f64)> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let mut out = yog_abi::YogVec3 {
            x: 0.0,
            y: 0.0,
            z: 0.0,
        };
        if unsafe { (s.entity_position)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(uuid), &mut out) } {
            Some((out.x, out.y, out.z))
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    fn entity_health(&self, uuid: &str) -> Option<f32> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let mut hp = 0f32;
        if unsafe { (s.entity_health)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(uuid), &mut hp) } {
            Some(hp)
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    fn entity_set_health(&self, uuid: &str, health: f32) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.entity_set_health)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(uuid), health) }
    }

    fn entity_kill(&self, uuid: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.entity_kill)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(uuid)) }
    }

    fn spawn_entity(
        &self,
        entity_type: &str,
        dimension: &str,
        x: f64,
        y: f64,
        z: f64,
    ) -> Option<String> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe {
            (s.spawn_entity)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(entity_type),
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                yog_abi::YogVec3 { x, y, z },
            )
        };

        take_owned(s.free_str, owned)
    }

    fn entity_add_effect(
        &self,
        uuid: &str,
        effect_id: &str,
        duration_ticks: i32,
        amplifier: u8,
        show_particles: bool,
    ) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.entity_add_effect)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(uuid),
                YogStr::from_str(effect_id),
                duration_ticks,
                amplifier,
                show_particles,
            )
        }
    }

    fn entity_remove_effect(&self, uuid: &str, effect_id: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.entity_remove_effect)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(uuid), YogStr::from_str(effect_id))
        }
    }

    fn entity_clear_effects(&self, uuid: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.entity_clear_effects)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(uuid)) }
    }

    fn drop_loot(&self, table_id: &str, dimension: &str, x: f64, y: f64, z: f64) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.drop_loot)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(table_id),
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                yog_abi::YogVec3 { x, y, z },
            )
        }
    }

    fn has_item_tag(&self, item_id: &str, tag_id: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.has_item_tag)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(item_id), YogStr::from_str(tag_id)) }
    }

    fn has_block_tag(&self, block_id: &str, tag_id: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.has_block_tag)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(block_id), YogStr::from_str(tag_id)) }
    }

    fn world_time(&self, dimension: &str) -> Option<i64> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let mut t = 0i64;
        if unsafe { (s.world_time)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension), &mut t) } {
            Some(t)
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    fn world_set_time(&self, dimension: &str, time: i64) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.set_time)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension), time) }
    }

    fn world_is_raining(&self, dimension: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.is_raining)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension)) }
    }

    fn world_set_weather(&self, dimension: &str, raining: bool, duration_ticks: i32) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.set_weather)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension), raining, duration_ticks) }
    }

    fn entity_velocity(&self, uuid: &str) -> Option<(f64, f64, f64)> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let mut v = yog_abi::YogVec3 {
            x: 0.0,
            y: 0.0,
            z: 0.0,
        };
        if unsafe { (s.entity_velocity)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(uuid), &mut v) } {
            Some((v.x, v.y, v.z))
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    fn entity_set_velocity(&self, uuid: &str, vx: f64, vy: f64, vz: f64) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.entity_set_velocity)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(uuid),
                yog_abi::YogVec3 {
                    x: vx,
                    y: vy,
                    z: vz,
                },
            )
        }
    }

    fn entity_add_velocity(&self, uuid: &str, vx: f64, vy: f64, vz: f64) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.entity_add_velocity)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(uuid),
                yog_abi::YogVec3 {
                    x: vx,
                    y: vy,
                    z: vz,
                },
            )
        }
    }

    fn scoreboard_get(&self, objective: &str, player: &str) -> Option<i32> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let mut score = 0i32;
        if unsafe {
            (s.scoreboard_get)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(objective),
                YogStr::from_str(player),
                &mut score,
            )
        } {
            Some(score)
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    fn scoreboard_set(&self, objective: &str, player: &str, score: i32) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.scoreboard_set)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(objective),
                YogStr::from_str(player),
                score,
            )
        }
    }

    fn scoreboard_add(&self, objective: &str, player: &str, delta: i32) -> Option<i32> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let mut new_score = 0i32;
        if unsafe {
            (s.scoreboard_add)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(objective),
                YogStr::from_str(player),
                delta,
                &mut new_score,
            )
        } {
            Some(new_score)
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    fn game_dir(&self) -> String {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe { (s.game_dir)(s.ctx) };
        take_owned(s.free_str, owned).unwrap_or_default()
    }

    fn play_sound(
        &self,
        dimension: &str,
        x: f64,
        y: f64,
        z: f64,
        sound_id: &str,
        volume: f32,
        pitch: f32,
    ) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.play_sound)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                yog_abi::YogVec3 { x, y, z },
                YogStr::from_str(sound_id),
                volume,
                pitch,
            )
        }
    }

    fn play_sound_to_player(&self, player: &str, sound_id: &str, volume: f32, pitch: f32) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.play_sound_player)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(player),
                YogStr::from_str(sound_id),
                volume,
                pitch,
            )
        }
    }

    fn send_title(
        &self,
        player: &str,
        title: &str,
        subtitle: &str,
        fadein: i32,
        stay: i32,
        fadeout: i32,
    ) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.send_title)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(player),
                YogStr::from_str(title),
                YogStr::from_str(subtitle),
                fadein,
                stay,
                fadeout,
            )
        }
    }

    fn entity_rotation(&self, uuid: &str) -> Option<(f32, f32)> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let mut out = yog_abi::YogVec3 {
            x: 0.0,
            y: 0.0,
            z: 0.0,
        };
        let ok = unsafe { (s.entity_rotation)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(uuid), &mut out) };
        if ok {
            Some((out.x as f32, out.y as f32))
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    fn send_actionbar(&self, player: &str, message: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.send_actionbar)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(player), YogStr::from_str(message)) }
    }

    fn kick_player(&self, player: &str, reason: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.kick_player)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(player), YogStr::from_str(reason)) }
    }

    fn set_gamemode(&self, player: &str, gamemode: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.set_gamemode)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(player), YogStr::from_str(gamemode)) }
    }

    fn bossbar_create(&self, id: &str, title: &str, color: &str, style: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.bossbar_create)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(id),
                YogStr::from_str(title),
                YogStr::from_str(color),
                YogStr::from_str(style),
            )
        }
    }

    fn bossbar_remove(&self, id: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.bossbar_remove)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(id)) }
    }

    fn bossbar_set_title(&self, id: &str, title: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.bossbar_set_title)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(id), YogStr::from_str(title)) }
    }

    fn bossbar_set_progress(&self, id: &str, progress: f32) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.bossbar_set_progress)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(id), progress) }
    }

    fn bossbar_set_color(&self, id: &str, color: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.bossbar_set_color)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(id), YogStr::from_str(color)) }
    }

    fn bossbar_add_player(&self, id: &str, player: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.bossbar_add_player)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(id), YogStr::from_str(player)) }
    }

    fn bossbar_remove_player(&self, id: &str, player: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.bossbar_remove_player)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(id), YogStr::from_str(player)) }
    }

    fn bossbar_set_visible(&self, id: &str, visible: bool) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.bossbar_set_visible)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(id), visible) }
    }

    fn online_players(&self) -> Vec<String> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe { (s.online_players)(s.ctx) };
        let Some(text) = take_owned(s.free_str, owned) else {
            return Vec::new();
        };
        if text.is_empty() {
            Vec::new()
        } else {
            text.lines().map(str::to_owned).collect()
        }
    }

    fn get_block_nbt(&self, dimension: &str, pos: yog_core::BlockPos) -> Option<String> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe {
            (s.get_block_nbt)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                yog_abi::YogBlockPos {
                    x: pos.x,
                    y: pos.y,
                    z: pos.z,
                },
            )
        };

        take_owned(s.free_str, owned)
    }

    fn set_block_nbt(&self, dimension: &str, pos: yog_core::BlockPos, snbt: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.set_block_nbt)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                yog_abi::YogBlockPos {
                    x: pos.x,
                    y: pos.y,
                    z: pos.z,
                },
                YogStr::from_str(snbt),
            )
        }
    }

    fn get_inventory_slot(
        &self,
        dimension: &str,
        pos: yog_core::BlockPos,
        slot: u32,
    ) -> Option<(String, u32, String)> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe {
            (s.get_inventory_slot)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                yog_abi::YogBlockPos {
                    x: pos.x,
                    y: pos.y,
                    z: pos.z,
                },
                slot,
            )
        };
        let text = take_owned(s.free_str, owned)?;
        let mut it = text.splitn(3, '\t');
        let item_id = it.next()?.to_owned();
        let count = it.next()?.parse().ok()?;
        let snbt = it.next().unwrap_or("{}").to_owned();
        Some((item_id, count, snbt))
    }

    fn set_inventory_slot(
        &self,
        dimension: &str,
        pos: yog_core::BlockPos,
        slot: u32,
        item_id: &str,
        count: u32,
        snbt: &str,
    ) -> bool {
        // The ABI's item id carries the SNBT after a tab.
        let item = if snbt.is_empty() { item_id.to_string() } else { format!("{item_id}\t{snbt}") };
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.set_inventory_slot)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                yog_abi::YogBlockPos {
                    x: pos.x,
                    y: pos.y,
                    z: pos.z,
                },
                slot,
                YogStr::from_str(&item),
                count,
            )
        }
    }

    fn player_inventory(&self, player: &str) -> Vec<(u32, String, u32)> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe { (s.player_inventory)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(player)) };
        let Some(text) = take_owned(s.free_str, owned) else {
            return Vec::new();
        };
        text.lines()
            .filter_map(|line| {
                let mut it = line.split('\t');
                let slot: u32 = it.next()?.parse().ok()?;
                let item_id = it.next()?.to_owned();
                let count: u32 = it.next()?.parse().ok()?;
                Some((slot, item_id, count))
            })
            .collect()
    }

    fn player_set_slot(&self, player: &str, slot: u32, item_id: &str, count: u32) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.player_set_slot)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(player),
                slot,
                YogStr::from_str(item_id),
                count,
            )
        }
    }

    fn teleport_to_dim(&self, player: &str, dimension: &str, x: f64, y: f64, z: f64) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.player_teleport_dim)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(player),
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                yog_abi::YogVec3 { x, y, z },
            )
        }
    }

    fn entity_teleport_to_dim(&self, uuid: &str, dimension: &str, x: f64, y: f64, z: f64) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.entity_teleport_dim)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(uuid),
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                yog_abi::YogVec3 { x, y, z },
            )
        }
    }

    fn world_entity_count(&self, dimension: &str, entity_type: &str) -> i32 {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.world_entity_count)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                YogStr::from_str(entity_type),
            )
        }
    }

    fn entity_get_nbt(&self, uuid: &str) -> Option<String> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe { (s.entity_get_nbt)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(uuid)) };

        take_owned(s.free_str, owned)
    }

    fn entity_set_nbt(&self, uuid: &str, snbt: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.entity_set_nbt)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(uuid), YogStr::from_str(snbt)) }
    }

    fn spawn_particles(
        &self,
        dimension: &str,
        x: f64,
        y: f64,
        z: f64,
        particle_type: &str,
        count: i32,
        dx: f64,
        dy: f64,
        dz: f64,
        speed: f64,
    ) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.spawn_particles)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                yog_abi::YogVec3 { x, y, z },
                YogStr::from_str(particle_type),
                count,
                dx,
                dy,
                dz,
                speed,
            )
        }
    }

    fn entity_attribute_get(&self, uuid: &str, attribute_id: &str) -> Option<f64> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let v = unsafe {
            (s.entity_attribute_get)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(uuid),
                YogStr::from_str(attribute_id),
            )
        };
        if v.is_nan() { None } else { Some(v) }
    }

    fn entity_attribute_set(&self, uuid: &str, attribute_id: &str, value: f64) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.entity_attribute_set)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(uuid),
                YogStr::from_str(attribute_id),
                value,
            )
        }
    }

    fn get_held_item_nbt(&self, player: &str) -> Option<String> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe { (s.get_held_item_nbt)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(player)) };

        take_owned(s.free_str, owned)
    }

    fn set_held_item_nbt(&self, player: &str, snbt: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.set_held_item_nbt)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(player), YogStr::from_str(snbt)) }
    }

    fn get_offhand_item_nbt(&self, player: &str) -> Option<String> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe { (s.get_offhand_item_nbt)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(player)) };

        take_owned(s.free_str, owned)
    }

    fn set_offhand_item_nbt(&self, player: &str, snbt: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.set_offhand_item_nbt)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(player), YogStr::from_str(snbt)) }
    }

    fn get_slot_item(&self, player: &str, slot: u32) -> Option<(String, u32, String)> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe { (s.get_slot_item)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(player), slot) };
        let text = take_owned(s.free_str, owned)?;
        let mut it = text.splitn(3, '\t');
        let item_id = it.next()?.to_owned();
        let count: u32 = it.next()?.parse().ok()?;
        let nbt = it.next().unwrap_or("{}").to_owned();
        Some((item_id, count, nbt))
    }

    fn set_slot_item(
        &self,
        player: &str,
        slot: u32,
        item_id: &str,
        count: u32,
        snbt: &str,
    ) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.set_slot_item)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(player),
                slot,
                YogStr::from_str(item_id),
                count,
                YogStr::from_str(snbt),
            )
        }
    }

    // ── world queries & effects (ABI minor 1) ────────────────────────────────

    fn entity_info(&self, uuid: &str) -> Option<yog_core::EntityInfo> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe { (s.entity_info)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(uuid)) };
        take_owned(s.free_str, owned).and_then(|l| yog_core::EntityInfo::decode(&l))
    }

    fn entities_in_box(
        &self,
        dimension: &str,
        min: (f64, f64, f64),
        max: (f64, f64, f64),
    ) -> Vec<String> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned =
            unsafe { (s.entities_in_box)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension), v3(min), v3(max)) };
        take_owned(s.free_str, owned)
            .map(|t| {
                t.lines()
                    .filter(|l| !l.is_empty())
                    .map(str::to_owned)
                    .collect()
            })
            .unwrap_or_default()
    }

    fn raycast_block(
        &self,
        dimension: &str,
        from: (f64, f64, f64),
        to: (f64, f64, f64),
    ) -> Option<yog_core::BlockHit> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned =
            unsafe { (s.raycast_block)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension), v3(from), v3(to)) };
        take_owned(s.free_str, owned).and_then(|l| yog_core::BlockHit::decode(&l))
    }

    fn raycast_entity(
        &self,
        dimension: &str,
        from: (f64, f64, f64),
        to: (f64, f64, f64),
        exclude: &str,
    ) -> Option<String> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe {
            (s.raycast_entity)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                v3(from),
                v3(to),
                YogStr::from_str(exclude),
            )
        };
        take_owned(s.free_str, owned).filter(|u| !u.is_empty())
    }

    fn block_info(&self, dimension: &str, pos: yog_core::BlockPos) -> Option<yog_core::BlockInfo> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe { (s.block_info)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension), bp(pos)) };
        take_owned(s.free_str, owned).and_then(|l| yog_core::BlockInfo::decode(&l))
    }

    fn break_block(
        &self,
        dimension: &str,
        pos: yog_core::BlockPos,
        drop: bool,
        breaker: &str,
    ) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.break_block)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                bp(pos),
                drop,
                YogStr::from_str(breaker),
            )
        }
    }

    fn place_block_from_slot(
        &self,
        player: &str,
        slot: u32,
        dimension: &str,
        pos: yog_core::BlockPos,
    ) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.place_block_from_slot)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(player),
                slot,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                bp(pos),
            )
        }
    }

    fn bonemeal(&self, dimension: &str, pos: yog_core::BlockPos) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.bonemeal)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension), bp(pos)) }
    }

    fn explode(
        &self,
        dimension: &str,
        x: f64,
        y: f64,
        z: f64,
        power: f32,
        fire: bool,
        source: &str,
    ) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.explode)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                v3((x, y, z)),
                power,
                fire,
                YogStr::from_str(source),
            )
        }
    }

    fn tellraw(&self, player: &str, json: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.tellraw)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(player), YogStr::from_str(json)) }
    }

    fn entity_damage(&self, uuid: &str, amount: f32, damage_type: &str, attacker: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.entity_damage)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(uuid),
                amount,
                YogStr::from_str(damage_type),
                YogStr::from_str(attacker),
            )
        }
    }

    fn entity_set_fire_ticks(&self, uuid: &str, ticks: i32) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.entity_set_fire_ticks)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(uuid), ticks) }
    }

    fn player_add_xp(&self, player: &str, amount: i32) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.player_add_xp)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(player), amount) }
    }

    fn player_set_may_fly(&self, player: &str, may_fly: bool) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.player_set_may_fly)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(player), may_fly) }
    }

    fn player_info(&self, player: &str) -> Option<yog_core::PlayerInfo> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe { (s.player_info)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(player)) };
        take_owned(s.free_str, owned).and_then(|l| yog_core::PlayerInfo::decode(&l))
    }

    fn spawn_item(
        &self,
        dimension: &str,
        pos: (f64, f64, f64),
        vel: (f64, f64, f64),
        item_id: &str,
        count: u32,
        snbt: &str,
    ) -> Option<String> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe {
            (s.spawn_item)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                v3(pos),
                v3(vel),
                YogStr::from_str(item_id),
                count,
                YogStr::from_str(snbt),
            )
        };
        take_owned(s.free_str, owned).filter(|u| !u.is_empty())
    }

    fn item_entity_stack(&self, uuid: &str) -> Option<(String, u32, String)> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe { (s.item_entity_stack)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(uuid)) };
        let text = take_owned(s.free_str, owned)?;
        let mut it = text.splitn(3, '\t');
        let item_id = it.next()?.to_owned();
        let count = it.next()?.parse().ok()?;
        let nbt = it.next().unwrap_or("{}").to_owned();
        Some((item_id, count, nbt))
    }

    fn item_entity_set_stack(&self, uuid: &str, item_id: &str, count: u32, snbt: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.item_entity_set_stack)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(uuid),
                YogStr::from_str(item_id),
                count,
                YogStr::from_str(snbt),
            )
        }
    }

    fn actionbar_json(&self, player: &str, json: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.actionbar_json)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(player), YogStr::from_str(json)) }
    }

    fn use_item_on_block(
        &self,
        dimension: &str,
        pos: yog_core::BlockPos,
        face: yog_core::Face,
        item_id: &str,
        player: &str,
    ) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.use_item_on_block)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                bp(pos),
                face.index(),
                YogStr::from_str(item_id),
                YogStr::from_str(player),
            )
        }
    }

    fn pour_fluid(&self, dimension: &str, pos: yog_core::BlockPos, bucket_item_id: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.pour_fluid)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                bp(pos),
                YogStr::from_str(bucket_item_id),
            )
        }
    }

    fn has_entity_tag(&self, entity_type: &str, tag_id: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.has_entity_tag)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(entity_type),
                YogStr::from_str(tag_id),
            )
        }
    }

    fn item_block(&self, item_id: &str) -> Option<String> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe { (s.item_block)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(item_id)) };
        take_owned(s.free_str, owned).filter(|b| !b.is_empty())
    }

    fn place_feature(&self, dimension: &str, pos: yog_core::BlockPos, feature_id: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.place_feature)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                bp(pos),
                YogStr::from_str(feature_id),
            )
        }
    }

    fn set_item_cooldown(&self, player: &str, item_id: &str, ticks: u32) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.set_item_cooldown)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(player), YogStr::from_str(item_id), ticks.min(i32::MAX as u32) as i32) }
    }

    fn entity_teleport_with_passengers(&self, uuid: &str, dimension: &str, x: f64, y: f64, z: f64) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe {
            (s.entity_teleport_with_passengers)(
                s.ctx,
                YogStr::from_str(uuid),
                YogStr::from_str(dimension),
                yog_abi::YogVec3 { x, y, z },
            )
        }
    }

    fn redstone_power(&self, dimension: &str, pos: yog_core::BlockPos) -> Option<u8> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let p = unsafe { (s.redstone_power)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension), bp(pos)) };
        (0..=15).contains(&p).then_some(p as u8)
    }

    fn set_redstone_output(&self, dimension: &str, pos: yog_core::BlockPos, level: u8) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.set_redstone_output)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension), bp(pos), level.min(15) as i32) }
    }

    fn get_block_state(&self, dimension: &str, pos: yog_core::BlockPos) -> Option<String> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe { (s.get_block_state)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension), bp(pos)) };
        take_owned(s.free_str, owned).filter(|b| !b.is_empty())
    }

    fn set_block_state(&self, dimension: &str, pos: yog_core::BlockPos, state: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.set_block_state)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension), bp(pos), YogStr::from_str(state)) }
    }

    fn world_is_thundering(&self, dimension: &str) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.world_is_thundering)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension)) }
    }

    fn world_set_thunder(&self, dimension: &str, thundering: bool, duration_ticks: i32) -> bool {
        let s = srv!(self);
        unsafe { (s.world_set_thunder)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension), thundering, duration_ticks) }
    }

    fn fill_region(&self, dimension: &str, from: yog_core::BlockPos, to: yog_core::BlockPos, state: &str) -> Option<u32> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let n = unsafe { (s.fill_region)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension), bp(from), bp(to), YogStr::from_str(state)) };
        u32::try_from(n).ok()
    }

    fn scan_region(&self, dimension: &str, from: yog_core::BlockPos, to: yog_core::BlockPos) -> Vec<(yog_core::BlockPos, String)> {
        let s = srv!(self);
        let owned = unsafe { (s.scan_region)(s.ctx, YogStr::from_str(dimension), bp(from), bp(to)) };
        let Some(text) = take_owned(s.free_str, owned) else {
            return Vec::new();
        };
        text.lines()
            .filter_map(|line| {
                let mut it = line.splitn(4, ' ');
                let (x, y, z) = (it.next()?.parse().ok()?, it.next()?.parse().ok()?, it.next()?.parse().ok()?);
                Some((yog_core::BlockPos { x, y, z }, it.next()?.to_string()))
            })
            .collect()
    }
}

/// Copy a runtime-owned string out and free it; `None` for NONE.
pub(crate) fn take_owned(
    free_str: unsafe extern "C" fn(ptr: *mut u8, len: u32),
    owned: yog_abi::YogOwnedStr,
) -> Option<String> {
    if owned.is_none() {
        return None;
    }
    // SAFETY: a non-NONE owned string is `len` valid bytes until freed.
    let text = unsafe {
        String::from_utf8_lossy(std::slice::from_raw_parts(owned.ptr, owned.len as usize))
            .into_owned()
    };
    unsafe { free_str(owned.ptr, owned.len) };
    Some(text)
}

fn v3((x, y, z): (f64, f64, f64)) -> yog_abi::YogVec3 {
    yog_abi::YogVec3 { x, y, z }
}

fn bp(pos: yog_core::BlockPos) -> yog_abi::YogBlockPos {
    yog_abi::YogBlockPos {
        x: pos.x,
        y: pos.y,
        z: pos.z,
    }
}

// ── Trampoline helpers ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
//
// A panic must never unwind out of a trampoline: the runtime calls them
// through `extern "C"`, so it would abort the whole game. `guard` stops it
// at the boundary — the panic message is already in the log — and the
// event goes on as if the mod hadn't handled it.

fn guard<R>(fallback: R, call: impl FnOnce() -> R) -> R {
    std::panic::catch_unwind(std::panic::AssertUnwindSafe(call)).unwrap_or_else(|_| {
        crate::error!("a mod's callback panicked (see above); carrying on without it");
        fallback
    })
}
//
// Each trampoline is a `unsafe extern "C" fn` that:
//   1. Casts `ud` back to the original boxed closure.
//   2. Converts ABI C structs to Rust event types.
//   3. Builds a `CServer` from the `*const YogServer`.
//   4. Calls the closure.
//
// Closures are Box::into_raw'd in Registry methods — they are INTENTIONALLY
// leaked and live for the process lifetime.

// ── Trampoline helpers ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
//
// All phased event trampolines share the same pattern:
//   `phase: u8`  0 = EventPhase::Pre, 1 = EventPhase::Post
//   Return value is meaningful only in Pre phase.

macro_rules! trampoline_phased {
    ($name:ident, $abi_ev:ty, $rust_ev:ty, |$ev:ident| $build:expr_2021) => {
        unsafe extern "C" fn $name<F>(
            ud: *mut c_void,
            srv: *const YogServer,
            ev: *const $abi_ev,
            phase: u8,
        ) -> bool
        where
            F: Fn(&$rust_ev, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync,
        {
            unsafe {
                let f = &*(ud as *const F);
                let $ev = &*ev;
                let rust_ev = $build;
                let p = if phase == 0 {
                    EventPhase::Pre
                } else {
                    EventPhase::Post
                };
                guard(true, || f(&rust_ev, p, &CServer(srv)))
            }
        }
    };
}

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_block_break,
    YogBlockBreakEvent,
    BlockBreakEvent,
    |ev| BlockBreakEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        block_id: ev.block.as_str().to_owned(),
        pos: yog_core::BlockPos {
            x: ev.pos.x,
            y: ev.pos.y,
            z: ev.pos.z
        },
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(trampoline_chat, YogChatEvent, ChatEvent, |ev| ChatEvent {
    player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
    message: ev.message.as_str().to_owned(),
    dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
});

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_player_join,
    YogPlayerEvent,
    PlayerJoinEvent,
    |ev| PlayerJoinEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        uuid: ev.uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_player_leave,
    YogPlayerEvent,
    PlayerLeaveEvent,
    |ev| PlayerLeaveEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        uuid: ev.uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(trampoline_use_item, YogUseItemEvent, UseItemEvent, |ev| {
    UseItemEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        item_id: ev.item.as_str().to_owned(),
        sneaking: ev.sneaking,
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
});

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_use_block,
    YogUseBlockEvent,
    UseBlockEvent,
    |ev| UseBlockEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        block_id: ev.block.as_str().to_owned(),
        pos: yog_core::BlockPos {
            x: ev.pos.x,
            y: ev.pos.y,
            z: ev.pos.z
        },
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_attack_entity,
    YogAttackEntityEvent,
    AttackEntityEvent,
    |ev| AttackEntityEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        target_type: ev.target_type.as_str().to_owned(),
        target_uuid: ev.target_uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_entity_damage,
    YogEntityDamageEvent,
    EntityDamageEvent,
    |ev| EntityDamageEvent {
        entity_type: ev.entity_type.as_str().to_owned(),
        uuid: ev.uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        amount: ev.amount,
        source: ev.source.as_str().to_owned(),
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_entity_death,
    YogEntityDeathEvent,
    EntityDeathEvent,
    |ev| EntityDeathEvent {
        entity_type: ev.entity_type.as_str().to_owned(),
        uuid: ev.uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        source: ev.source.as_str().to_owned(),
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_entity_spawn,
    YogEntitySpawnEvent,
    EntitySpawnEvent,
    |ev| EntitySpawnEvent {
        entity_type: ev.entity_type.as_str().to_owned(),
        uuid: ev.uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_place_block,
    YogPlaceBlockEvent,
    PlaceBlockEvent,
    |ev| PlaceBlockEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        block_id: ev.block.as_str().to_owned(),
        pos: yog_core::BlockPos {
            x: ev.pos.x,
            y: ev.pos.y,
            z: ev.pos.z
        },
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_player_death,
    YogPlayerDeathEvent,
    PlayerDeathEvent,
    |ev| PlayerDeathEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        uuid: ev.uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        source: ev.source.as_str().to_owned(),
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_player_respawn,
    YogPlayerRespawnEvent,
    PlayerRespawnEvent,
    |ev| PlayerRespawnEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        uuid: ev.uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        at_anchor: ev.at_anchor,
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_advancement,
    YogAdvancementEvent,
    AdvancementEvent,
    |ev| AdvancementEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        uuid: ev.uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        advancement_id: ev.advancement.as_str().to_owned(),
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_entity_interact,
    YogEntityInteractEvent,
    EntityInteractEvent,
    |ev| EntityInteractEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        player_uuid: ev.player_uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        entity_type: ev.entity_type.as_str().to_owned(),
        entity_uuid: ev.entity_uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        hand: ev.hand.as_str().to_owned(),
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(trampoline_craft, YogCraftEvent, CraftEvent, |ev| {
    CraftEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        player_uuid: ev.player_uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        result_item: ev.result_item.as_str().to_owned(),
        result_count: ev.result_count,
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
});

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_explosion,
    YogExplosionEvent,
    ExplosionEvent,
    |ev| ExplosionEvent {
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
        x: ev.x,
        y: ev.y,
        z: ev.z,
        power: ev.power,
        cause_uuid: ev.cause_uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_item_pickup,
    YogItemPickupEvent,
    ItemPickupEvent,
    |ev| ItemPickupEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        player_uuid: ev.player_uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        item_id: ev.item_id.as_str().to_owned(),
        item_count: ev.item_count,
        entity_uuid: ev.entity_uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_player_move,
    YogPlayerMoveEvent,
    PlayerMoveEvent,
    |ev| PlayerMoveEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        player_uuid: ev.player_uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        x: ev.x,
        y: ev.y,
        z: ev.z,
        yaw: ev.yaw,
        pitch: ev.pitch,
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_container_open,
    YogContainerOpenEvent,
    ContainerOpenEvent,
    |ev| ContainerOpenEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        player_uuid: ev.player_uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        container_type: ev.container_type.as_str().to_owned(),
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_container_close,
    YogContainerCloseEvent,
    ContainerCloseEvent,
    |ev| ContainerCloseEvent {
        player_name: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
        player_uuid: ev.player_uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

trampoline_phased!(
    trampoline_projectile_hit,
    YogProjectileHitEvent,
    ProjectileHitEvent,
    |ev| ProjectileHitEvent {
        projectile_type: ev.projectile_type.as_str().to_owned(),
        projectile_uuid: ev.projectile_uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        shooter_uuid: ev.shooter_uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        hit_type: ev.hit_type.as_str().to_owned(),
        hit_entity_uuid: ev.hit_entity_uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
        x: ev.x,
        y: ev.y,
        z: ev.z,
        dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
    }
);

unsafe extern "C" fn trampoline_server_fn<F>(ud: *mut c_void, srv: *const YogServer)
where
    F: Fn(&dyn Server) + Send + Sync,
{
    unsafe {
        let f = &*(ud as *const F);
        guard((), || f(&CServer(srv)));
    }
}

unsafe extern "C" fn trampoline_packet<F>(
    ud: *mut c_void,
    srv: *const YogServer,
    ev: *const YogPacketEvent,
) where
    F: Fn(&PacketEvent, &dyn Server) + Send + Sync,
{
    unsafe {
        let f = &*(ud as *const F);
        let ev = &*ev;
        let rust_ev = PacketEvent {
            channel: ev.channel.as_str().to_owned(),
            player: ev.player.as_str().to_owned(),
            payload: std::slice::from_raw_parts(ev.payload, ev.payload_len as usize).to_vec(),
        };
        guard((), || f(&rust_ev, &CServer(srv)));
    }
}

unsafe extern "C" fn trampoline_command<F>(
    ud: *mut c_void,
    srv: *const YogServer,
    ev: *const YogCommandEvent,
    reply_buf: *mut u8,
    reply_cap: u32,
    reply_len: *mut u32,
) where
    F: Fn(&CommandContext, &dyn Server) -> Option<String> + Send + Sync,
{
    unsafe {
        let f = &*(ud as *const F);
        let ev = &*ev;
        let ctx = CommandContext {
            name: ev.name.as_str().to_owned(),
            args: ev.args.as_str().to_owned(),
            source: ev.source.as_str().to_owned(),
            uuid: ev.uuid.as_str().to_owned(),
            dimension: ev.dimension.as_str().to_owned(),
        };
        *reply_len = 0;
        if let Some(reply) = guard(None, || f(&ctx, &CServer(srv))) {
            let bytes = reply.as_bytes();
            let n = bytes.len().min(reply_cap as usize);
            std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(bytes.as_ptr(), reply_buf, n);
            *reply_len = n as u32;
        }
    }
}

unsafe extern "C" fn trampoline_scheduled<F>(ud: *mut c_void, srv: *const YogServer)
where
    F: Fn(&dyn Server) + Send + Sync,
{
    unsafe {
        let f = &*(ud as *const F);
        guard((), || f(&CServer(srv)));
    }
}

// ── ABI minor 10 — client-side trampolines ────────────────────────────────────

unsafe extern "C" fn trampoline_client_tick<F>(ud: *mut c_void)
where
    F: Fn(&ClientTickEvent) + Send + Sync,
{
    unsafe {
        let f = &*(ud as *const F);
        guard((), || f(&ClientTickEvent {}));
    }
}

unsafe extern "C" fn trampoline_hud_render<F>(ud: *mut c_void, gfx: *const YogGfxApi)
where
    F: Fn(&GfxContext) + Send + Sync,
{
    unsafe {
        let f = &*(ud as *const F);
        guard((), || f(&GfxContext::from_raw(gfx)));
    }
}

unsafe extern "C" fn trampoline_world_render<F>(ud: *mut c_void, gfx: *const YogGfxApi)
where
    F: Fn(&GfxContext) + Send + Sync,
{
    unsafe {
        let f = &*(ud as *const F);
        guard((), || f(&GfxContext::from_raw(gfx)));
    }
}

unsafe extern "C" fn trampoline_key_press<F>(ud: *mut c_void, ev: *const YogKeyPressEvent) -> bool
where
    F: Fn(&KeyPressEvent) -> bool + Send + Sync,
{
    unsafe {
        let f = &*(ud as *const F);
        let e = &*ev;
        let ev = KeyPressEvent { key_code: e.key_code, scan_code: e.scan_code, action: e.action, modifiers: e.modifiers };
        guard(false, || f(&ev))
    }
}

unsafe extern "C" fn trampoline_screen<F>(ud: *mut c_void, screen_class: YogStr) -> bool
where
    F: Fn(&ScreenEvent) + Send + Sync,
{
    unsafe {
        let f = &*(ud as *const F);
        let ev = ScreenEvent { screen_class: screen_class.as_str().to_owned() };
        guard((), || f(&ev));
        true
    }
}

// ── Registry ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

/// Wraps the [`YogApi`] table and provides an ergonomic registration API.
///
/// Obtained inside `yog_mod_register` via `export_mod!`.  Closures registered
/// here are boxed and leaked — they live as long as the process (which is the
/// correct lifetime for a server mod).
/// Pointer to the runtime's `YogApi` table (a process-lifetime static in the
/// runtime), captured when the mod registers. Lets free functions like
/// [`installed_mods`] work outside of `register()` — e.g. in UI handlers.
static GLOBAL_API: std::sync::atomic::AtomicPtr<YogApi> =
    std::sync::atomic::AtomicPtr::new(std::ptr::null_mut());

/// The runtime's `YogApi` table, null before this mod registered.
pub(crate) fn global_api() -> *mut YogApi {
    GLOBAL_API.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire)
}

/// Metadata of an installed mod, as reported by the loader.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ModInfo {
    /// `"yog"` for .yog mods, `"platform"` for loader (Java) mods.
    pub source: String,
    pub id: String,
    pub name: String,
    pub version: String,
    /// Comma-separated author list (may be empty).
    pub authors: String,
    pub description: String,
}

/// All installed mods known to the loader: .yog mods plus, where the host
/// exposes them, platform (Java) mods. Callable at any time after this mod's
/// `register()` ran — including client-side UI handlers. Note that during
/// `register()` mods that load after this one are not in the list yet; query
/// lazily (e.g. on first render) for a complete view.
pub fn installed_mods() -> Vec<ModInfo> {
    let api = GLOBAL_API.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire);
    if api.is_null() {
        return Vec::new();
    }
    let owned = unsafe { ((*api).mods_list)((*api).ctx) };
    let Some(text) = take_owned(unsafe { (*api).free_str }, owned) else {
        return Vec::new();
    };
    text.lines()
        .filter_map(|line| {
            let mut f = line.split('\t');
            Some(ModInfo {
                source: f.next()?.to_string(),
                id: f.next()?.to_string(),
                name: f.next().unwrap_or_default().to_string(),
                version: f.next().unwrap_or_default().to_string(),
                authors: f.next().unwrap_or_default().to_string(),
                description: f.next().unwrap_or_default().to_string(),
            })
        })
        .collect()
}

/// Open the Yog UI registered as `ui_id` (client side; no-op on dedicated
/// servers). `modal` blocks game input, `pause` pauses singleplayer. Callable
/// from any handler after registration — e.g. an `on_client_packet` handler.
pub fn open_ui(ui_id: &str, modal: bool, pause: bool) {
    let api = GLOBAL_API.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire);
    if api.is_null() {
        return;
    }
    unsafe { ((*api).ui_open)((*api).ctx, YogStr::from_str(ui_id), modal, pause) }
}

/// Close the Yog UI screen showing `ui_id` — e.g. from that screen's own
/// "Done" button. Does nothing when another screen is open. Deferred onto the
/// render thread, so the handler that calls it finishes first. Client side;
/// a no-op on dedicated servers.
pub fn close_ui(ui_id: &str) {
    let api = GLOBAL_API.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire);
    if api.is_null() {
        return;
    }
    unsafe { ((*api).ui_close)((*api).ctx, YogStr::from_str(ui_id)) }
}

/// What a [`Registry::register_ui`] handler returns: `()` (never marks
/// events as used) or `bool` (`true` = the handler used this `key:`/`char:`
/// event — the host then doesn't, e.g. Esc doesn't close the screen).
pub trait UiHandled {
    fn handled(self) -> bool;
}

impl UiHandled for () {
    fn handled(self) -> bool {
        false
    }
}

impl UiHandled for bool {
    fn handled(self) -> bool {
        self
    }
}

/// Handle to the runtime's server-action table, usable from any handler after
/// registration — including client-side ones that don't receive `&dyn Server`
/// (UI event handlers, client tick). Server-world actions are no-ops client
/// side, but networking (`send_to_server`) and similar client-safe calls work.
pub fn server() -> Option<CServer> {
    let api = GLOBAL_API.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire);
    if api.is_null() {
        return None;
    }
    let srv = unsafe { (*api).server };
    if srv.is_null() {
        return None;
    }
    Some(CServer(srv))
}

pub struct Registry {
    api: *const YogApi,
}

// SAFETY: `api` is a static provided by the runtime, valid for process lifetime.
unsafe impl Send for Registry {}
unsafe impl Sync for Registry {}

impl Registry {
    /// Build from the pointer passed by the runtime. Only called by `export_mod!`.
    ///
    /// # Safety
    ///
    /// `api` must point to the runtime's `YogApi` table, valid for the rest of
    /// the process.
    pub unsafe fn from_raw(api: *const YogApi) -> Self {
        GLOBAL_API.store(api as *mut YogApi, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release);
        Self { api }
    }

    #[inline]
    fn ctx(&self) -> *mut c_void {
        unsafe { (*self.api).ctx }
    }

    // ── helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    fn leak<F: 'static>(f: F) -> *mut c_void {
        Box::into_raw(Box::new(f)) as *mut c_void
    }

    // ── events ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
    //
    // All handlers receive `(event, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool`.
    // In `Pre` phase, returning `false` cancels the action.
    // In `Post` phase, the return value is ignored.
    // A single registration fires for BOTH phases.

    pub fn on_block_break<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&BlockBreakEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_block_break)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_block_break::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_chat<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&ChatEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_chat)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_chat::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_player_join<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&PlayerJoinEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_player_join)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_player_join::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_player_leave<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&PlayerLeaveEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_player_leave)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_player_leave::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_use_item<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&UseItemEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_use_item)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_use_item::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_use_block<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&UseBlockEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_use_block)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_use_block::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_attack_entity<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&AttackEntityEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_attack_entity)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_attack_entity::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_entity_damage<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&EntityDamageEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_entity_damage)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_entity_damage::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_entity_death<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&EntityDeathEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_entity_death)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_entity_death::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_entity_spawn<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&EntitySpawnEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_entity_spawn)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_entity_spawn::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_player_place_block<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&PlaceBlockEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_player_place_block)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_place_block::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_player_death<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&PlayerDeathEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_player_death)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_player_death::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_player_respawn<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&PlayerRespawnEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_player_respawn)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_player_respawn::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_advancement<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&AdvancementEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_advancement)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_advancement::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_entity_interact<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&EntityInteractEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_entity_interact)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_entity_interact::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_item_craft<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&CraftEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_item_craft)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_craft::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_explosion<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&ExplosionEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_explosion)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_explosion::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_item_pickup<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&ItemPickupEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_item_pickup)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_item_pickup::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_player_move<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&PlayerMoveEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_player_move)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_player_move::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_container_open<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&ContainerOpenEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_container_open)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_container_open::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_container_close<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&ContainerCloseEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_container_close)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_container_close::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_projectile_hit<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&ProjectileHitEvent, EventPhase, &dyn Server) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_projectile_hit)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_projectile_hit::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_tick<F>(&mut self, listener: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&dyn Server) + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(listener);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_server_tick)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_server_fn::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_server_started<F>(&mut self, listener: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&dyn Server) + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(listener);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_server_started)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_server_fn::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_server_stopping<F>(&mut self, listener: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&dyn Server) + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(listener);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_server_stopping)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_server_fn::<F>) }
    }

    // ── commands ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    pub fn on_command<F>(&mut self, name: impl AsRef<str>, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&CommandContext, &dyn Server) -> Option<String> + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let name_ys = YogStr::from_str(name.as_ref());
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).register_command)(self.ctx(), name_ys, ud, trampoline_command::<F>) }
    }

    /// Register a command with Brigadier-typed arguments.
    ///
    /// `schema` is a space-separated list of argument types:
    /// `int`, `float`, `word`, `string` (greedy, must be last), `player`, `blockpos`.
    ///
    /// In the handler use `ctx.arg_int(0)`, `ctx.arg_blockpos(1)`, etc.
    pub fn on_typed_command<F>(
        &mut self,
        name: impl AsRef<str>,
        schema: impl AsRef<str>,
        handler: F,
    ) where
        F: Fn(&CommandContext, &dyn Server) -> Option<String> + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let name_ys = YogStr::from_str(name.as_ref());
        let schema_ys = YogStr::from_str(schema.as_ref());
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe {
            ((*self.api).register_typed_command)(
                self.ctx(),
                name_ys,
                schema_ys,
                ud,
                trampoline_command::<F>,
            );
        }
    }

    // ── networking ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    pub fn on_packet<F>(&mut self, channel: impl AsRef<str>, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&PacketEvent, &dyn Server) + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ch = YogStr::from_str(channel.as_ref());
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_packet)(self.ctx(), ch, ud, trampoline_packet::<F>) }
    }

    pub fn on_client_packet<F>(&mut self, channel: impl AsRef<str>, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&PacketEvent, &dyn Server) + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ch = YogStr::from_str(channel.as_ref());
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_client_packet)(self.ctx(), ch, ud, trampoline_packet::<F>) }
    }

    /// Register a typed-packet handler.
    ///
    /// The payload is decoded from raw bytes using `P`'s [`Packet`] impl.
    /// Malformed payloads are silently dropped.
    pub fn on_typed_packet<P, F>(&mut self, channel: impl AsRef<str>, handler: F)
    where
        P: Packet + Send + Sync + 'static,
        F: Fn(&P, &dyn Server) + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        self.on_packet(channel, move |ev, srv| {
            if let Some(pkt) = P::decode(&ev.payload) {
                handler(&pkt, srv);
            }
        });
    }

    // ── recipes ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    fn recipe(&mut self, ns: &str, name: &str, json: &str) {
        unsafe {
            ((*self.api).register_recipe_json)(
                self.ctx(),
                YogStr::from_str(ns),
                YogStr::from_str(name),
                YogStr::from_str(json),
            );
        }
    }

    /// Register a shaped crafting recipe.
    pub fn add_shaped_recipe(&mut self, recipe: ShapedRecipe) {
        let (ns, name) = recipe.ns_name();
        self.recipe(ns, name, &recipe.to_json());
    }

    /// Register a shapeless crafting recipe.
    pub fn add_shapeless_recipe(&mut self, recipe: ShapelessRecipe) {
        let (ns, name) = recipe.ns_name();
        self.recipe(ns, name, &recipe.to_json());
    }

    /// Register a furnace smelting recipe.
    pub fn add_furnace_recipe(&mut self, recipe: FurnaceRecipe) {
        let (ns, name) = recipe.ns_name();
        self.recipe(ns, name, &recipe.to_json());
    }

    // ── content ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    pub fn register_item(&mut self, def: ItemDef) {
        // Build a C-compatible YogItemDef whose YogStr fields point into `def`'s
        // String storage.  We then call register_item which must copy the data
        // before returning (the runtime stores owned Strings).
        let food_nutrition = def.food.as_ref().map_or(0, |f| f.nutrition);
        let food_saturation = def.food.as_ref().map_or(0.0, |f| f.saturation);
        let food_always_eat = def.food.as_ref().is_some_and(|f| f.can_always_eat);
        let c = YogItemDef {
            id: YogStr::from_str(&def.id),
            max_stack: def.max_stack as u32,
            name: def
                .name
                .as_deref()
                .map(YogStr::from_str)
                .unwrap_or(YogStr::EMPTY),
            tooltip: def
                .tooltip
                .as_deref()
                .map(YogStr::from_str)
                .unwrap_or(YogStr::EMPTY),
            max_damage: def.max_damage,
            fire_resistant: def.fire_resistant,
            fuel_ticks: def.fuel_ticks,
            food_nutrition,
            food_saturation,
            food_always_eat,
        };
        unsafe { ((*self.api).register_item)(self.ctx(), &c) }
    }

    pub fn register_block(&mut self, def: BlockDef) {
        let shape = def.shape.unwrap_or([0.0; 6]);
        let groups_joined = def.connect_groups.join(",");
        let c = YogBlockDef {
            id: YogStr::from_str(&def.id),
            hardness: def.hardness,
            resistance: def.resistance,
            name: def
                .name
                .as_deref()
                .map(YogStr::from_str)
                .unwrap_or(YogStr::EMPTY),
            light_level: def.light_level,
            sound: def
                .sound
                .as_deref()
                .map(YogStr::from_str)
                .unwrap_or(YogStr::EMPTY),
            requires_tool: def.requires_tool,
            no_collision: def.no_collision,
            slipperiness: def.slipperiness,
            shape,
            connects: def.connects,
            connect_groups: YogStr::from_str(&groups_joined),
            inventory_id: def
                .inventory_id
                .as_deref()
                .map(YogStr::from_str)
                .unwrap_or(YogStr::EMPTY),
            redstone_source: def.redstone_source,
        };
        unsafe { ((*self.api).register_block)(self.ctx(), &c) }
    }

    /// Register a real Container/Menu inventory screen — see
    /// `yog_inventory::InventoryDef`. Attach it to a block via
    /// `BlockDef::inventory(id)`.
    pub fn register_inventory(&mut self, def: yog_inventory::InventoryDef) {
        let layout = yog_inventory::encode_layout(&def.resolved_layout());
        let c = YogInventoryDef {
            id: YogStr::from_str(&def.id),
            slot_count: def.slot_count as u32,
            layout: YogStr::from_str(&layout),
            include_player_inventory: def.include_player_inventory,
            player_inv_x: def.player_inv_offset.0,
            player_inv_y: def.player_inv_offset.1,
            background_texture: def
                .background_texture
                .as_deref()
                .map(YogStr::from_str)
                .unwrap_or(YogStr::EMPTY),
            title: YogStr::from_str(&def.title),
            background_w: def.background_size.map(|(w, _)| w).unwrap_or(0.0),
            background_h: def.background_size.map(|(_, h)| h).unwrap_or(0.0),
        };
        unsafe { ((*self.api).register_inventory)(self.ctx(), &c) }
    }

    // ── startup grants ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    /// Register a startup grant: items/books to give once when a player first joins.
    pub fn register_startup_grant(&mut self, grant: StartupGrant) {
        let items_str = grant.items.join("|");
        let c = YogStartupGrantDef {
            id: YogStr::from_str(&grant.id),
            items: YogStr::from_str(&items_str),
            book: grant
                .book
                .as_deref()
                .map(YogStr::from_str)
                .unwrap_or(YogStr::EMPTY),
            command: grant
                .command
                .as_deref()
                .map(YogStr::from_str)
                .unwrap_or(YogStr::EMPTY),
        };
        unsafe { ((*self.api).register_startup_grant)(self.ctx(), &c) }
    }

    /// Register a book with its JSON-serialized content.
    pub fn register_book(&mut self, book: &Book) {
        let json = book.to_json();
        let id = YogStr::from_str(&book.id);
        let j = YogStr::from_str(&json);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).register_book)(self.ctx(), id, j) }
    }

    /// Register (or patch) a dimension's *type* (sky, lighting, physics, ...).
    ///
    /// `def.id` need not be a new custom id — pass a vanilla id
    /// (`"minecraft:overworld"`, `"minecraft:the_nether"`,
    /// `"minecraft:the_end"`) to patch that dimension's type/generator
    /// instead of creating a new one (e.g. to replace the overworld's
    /// terrain with your own generator type).
    ///
    /// Must be called from `register()` — the same mod-init window as
    /// blocks/items — so the host can declare/patch the dimension before
    /// Minecraft's registries freeze. See the `yog-dimensions` crate docs;
    /// set `def.generator_type` (via [`YogDimensionDef::generator_type`]) to
    /// pick a generator type registered with
    /// [`Registry::register_chunk_generator`].
    pub fn register_dimension(&mut self, def: &YogDimensionDef) {
        let json = def.to_json();
        let id = YogStr::from_str(&def.id);
        let j = YogStr::from_str(&json);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).register_dimension_json)(self.ctx(), id, j) }
    }

    /// Register a named, reusable chunk-generator type under
    /// `generator_type_id` (e.g. `"mymod:custom_terrain"`) — analogous to
    /// how Biomes O'Plenty registers selectable world-type presets. Any
    /// dimension (custom or vanilla) can opt into this generator via
    /// [`YogDimensionDef::generator_type`]; the platform host may also list
    /// registered generator type ids as options on the world-creation screen.
    ///
    /// `generator` is called once per chunk column that needs generating in
    /// any dimension using this type — write whatever terrain logic you want
    /// using the [`ChunkWriter`] handle (combine as many noise layers as you
    /// like; this crate doesn't prescribe a generation style).
    pub fn register_chunk_generator<F>(&mut self, generator_type_id: &str, generator: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&ChunkWriter) + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(generator);
        let id = YogStr::from_str(generator_type_id);
        unsafe {
            ((*self.api).register_chunk_generator)(
                self.ctx(),
                id,
                ud,
                trampoline_chunk_generator::<F>,
            );
        }
    }

    /// Register a menu entry — the host renders a button on vanilla screens
    /// (TitleScreen on Fabric, ModListScreen on Forge/NeoForge) that opens `ui_id`.
    /// `label` is the human-readable button text (e.g. "Yog Mods").
    /// `ui_id` is the UI to open when clicked (e.g. "example:menu").
    /// See [`installed_mods`]. During `register()` the list only contains
    /// mods loaded before this one.
    pub fn installed_mods(&self) -> Vec<ModInfo> {
        installed_mods()
    }

    /// Access the inter-mod communication layer.
    ///
    /// Allows exporting function pointers from this mod and importing
    /// function pointers from other mods.
    pub fn interop(&self) -> crate::Interop {
        crate::Interop::new(self.api)
    }

    /// Raw `YogApi` pointer — for passing to interop-imported functions
    /// that register content through the C ABI table directly.
    pub fn raw_api(&self) -> *const yog_abi::YogApi {
        self.api
    }

    pub fn register_menu_entry(&mut self, label: &str, ui_id: &str) {
        let l = YogStr::from_str(label);
        let u = YogStr::from_str(ui_id);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).register_menu_entry)(self.ctx(), l, u) }
    }

    /// Register a UI tree with an event callback.
    /// `ui_id` is the unique identifier (e.g. "mymod:menu").
    /// `handler` receives `(ui_id, event)` for the screen's input: `click:X:Y`,
    /// `drag:X:Y`, `release:X:Y`, `scroll:DY`, `key:KEY:MODS` (GLFW key code
    /// and modifier bits, on press and repeat) and `char:CODEPOINT` (a typed
    /// character). It returns `()` or a `bool`: `true` marks a `key:`/`char:`
    /// event as used, so the host skips its default handling of the key
    /// (Esc closing the screen, ...) — see [`UiHandled`].
    pub fn register_ui<F, R>(&mut self, ui_id: &str, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&str, &str) -> R + Send + Sync + 'static,
        R: UiHandled,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        let id = YogStr::from_str(ui_id);
        let empty = YogStr::from_str("{}");
        unsafe { ((*self.api).register_ui)(self.ctx(), id, empty, ud, trampoline_ui_event::<F, R>) }
    }

    // ── scheduler ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    pub fn schedule_once<F>(&self, delay_ticks: u64, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&dyn Server) + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe {
            ((*self.api).schedule_once)(self.ctx(), delay_ticks, ud, trampoline_scheduled::<F>);
        }
    }

    pub fn schedule_repeating<F>(&self, period_ticks: u64, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&dyn Server) + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe {
            ((*self.api).schedule_repeating)(
                self.ctx(),
                period_ticks,
                ud,
                trampoline_scheduled::<F>,
            );
        }
    }

    // ── client-side hooks (ABI minor 10) ─────────────────────────────────────

    /// Register a handler called every client tick (render thread, no server).
    pub fn on_client_tick<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&ClientTickEvent) + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_client_tick)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_client_tick::<F>) }
    }

    /// Register a render callback for a specific UI screen (`ui_id`).
    ///
    /// Called from `YogUIScreen.render()` — i.e. AFTER `renderBackground()` darkens
    /// the screen — so your UI draws on top of the dimmed world view.
    /// Use this instead of `on_hud_render` for book/inventory screens.
    ///
    /// Clicks are forwarded as `"click:X:Y"` via the `register_ui` handler so you
    /// can do hit-testing on your own stored layout.
    pub fn on_ui_render<F>(&mut self, ui_id: &str, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&GfxContext) + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        let id = YogStr::from_str(ui_id);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_ui_render)(self.ctx(), id, ud, trampoline_hud_render::<F>) }
    }

    /// Register a handler called every frame when the HUD is rendered.
    ///
    /// `gfx` provides full GPU pipeline access plus 2D convenience draw calls.
    /// `view_proj` and `camera_pos` are zero in HUD context; use `gfx.draw2d()` for HUD elements.
    pub fn on_hud_render<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&GfxContext) + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_hud_render)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_hud_render::<F>) }
    }

    /// Register a handler called every frame at the end of world rendering.
    ///
    /// `gfx.view_proj()` is the combined projection × view matrix (camera-relative).
    /// `gfx.camera_pos()` is the camera world position.
    /// To render at world position P, translate by `P - camera_pos` before drawing.
    pub fn on_world_render<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&GfxContext) + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_world_render)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_world_render::<F>) }
    }

    /// Register a handler for keyboard input (client-side).
    /// Return `false` to prevent Minecraft from processing the key.
    pub fn on_key_press<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&KeyPressEvent) -> bool + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_key_press)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_key_press::<F>) }
    }

    /// Register a handler called when a GUI screen is opened.
    pub fn on_screen_open<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&ScreenEvent) + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_screen_open)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_screen::<F>) }
    }

    /// Register a handler called when a GUI screen is closed.
    pub fn on_screen_close<F>(&mut self, handler: F)
    where
        F: Fn(&ScreenEvent) + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let ud = Self::leak(handler);
        unsafe { ((*self.api).on_screen_close)(self.ctx(), ud, trampoline_screen::<F>) }
    }
}

unsafe extern "C" fn trampoline_ui_event<F, R>(
    ud: *mut c_void,
    ui_id: yog_abi::YogStr,
    event_id: yog_abi::YogStr,
) where
    F: Fn(&str, &str) -> R + Send + Sync + 'static,
    R: UiHandled,
{
    let f = unsafe { &*(ud as *const F) };
    let ui = unsafe { ui_id.as_str() };
    let ev = unsafe { event_id.as_str() };
    if guard(false, || f(ui, ev).handled()) {
        let api = GLOBAL_API.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire);
        if !api.is_null() {
            unsafe { ((*api).ui_consume_event)((*api).ctx) }
        }
    }
}

unsafe extern "C" fn trampoline_chunk_generator<F>(
    ud: *mut c_void,
    writer: *const yog_abi::YogChunkWriterApi,
) where
    F: Fn(&ChunkWriter) + Send + Sync + 'static,
{
    let f = unsafe { &*(ud as *const F) };
    let writer = unsafe { ChunkWriter::from_raw(writer) };
    guard((), || f(&writer));
}

// ── Mod trait ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

/// Implemented by every Yog mod. Called once at startup to register handlers.
pub trait Mod {
    fn register(registry: &mut Registry);
}