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/*!
This crate provides a trait-based implementation of the DOM with minimal changes to the style
and semantics defined in the Level 2 specification. The specific mapping from the IDL in the
specification is described [below](#idl-to-rust-mapping), however from a purely style point of
view the implementation has the following characteristics:
1. It maintains a reasonable separation between the node type traits and the tree implementation
using opaque `NodeRef` reference types.
1. Where possible the names from IDL are used with minimal conversion; see mapping section below.
1. All IDL attributes become trait functions; see mapping section below.
This leads to a replication of the typical programmer experience where casting between the
node traits is required. This is supported by the [`xml_dom::level2::convert`](level2/convert/index.html)
module.
## Features
Currently only one feature, `quick_parser`, is provided which provides a new module `parser` with the
single public function. This feature is enabled by default.
``` rust,ignore
pub fn read_xml(xml: AsRef<str>) -> Result<RefNode>;
```
This will parse the document and return a new `RefNode` that corresponds to the `Document` trait.
# Example
```rust
use xml_dom::level2::*;
use xml_dom::level2::convert::*;
let implementation = get_implementation();
let mut document_node = implementation
.create_document(Some("http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"), Some("html"), None)
.unwrap();
println!("document 1: {:#?}", document_node);
let document = as_document_mut(&mut document_node).unwrap();
let mut root_node = document.document_element().unwrap();
let root = as_element_mut(&mut root_node).unwrap();
root.set_attribute("lang", "en");
let _head = root.append_child(document.create_element("head").unwrap());
let _body = root.append_child(document.create_element("body").unwrap());
let xml = document_node.to_string();
println!("document 2: {}", xml);
```
# Specifications
* [Document Object Model (DOM) Level 1 Specification](https://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1/),
Version 1.0, W3C Recommendation 1 October, 1998. Specifically §1, _Document Object Model (Core)
Level 1_.
* [Document Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Core Specification](https://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Core/),
Version 1.0, W3C Recommendation 13 November, 2000. Specifically §1, _Document Object Model Core_.
* [Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Fifth Edition)](https://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/), W3C
Recommendation 26 November 2008. Especially §3.3.3 _Attribute-Value Normalization_.
* [Namespaces in XML 1.1 (Second Edition)](https://www.w3.org/TR/xml-names11/), W3C Recommendation
16 August 2006.
* [xml:id Version 1.0](https://www.w3.org/TR/xml-id), W3C Recommendation 9 September 2005.
Especially §7.1 _Conformance to xml:id_.
* [XML Base (Second Edition)](https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlbase/), W3C Recommendation 28 January 2009.
* [The "xml" Namespace](https://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace), W3C 26 October 2009.
## Levels supported.
* **Level 1**: Only supported as a subset of Level 2 at this time
([specification](https://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1/)).
* **Level 2**: Supported as described in the [`level2`](level2/index.html) module
([specification](https://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Core/)).
* **Level 3**: Not supported at this time.
* **Level 4**: Not supported at this time.
# IDL to Rust Mapping
From the Level 2 documentation:
> The `Node` interface is the primary datatype for the entire Document Object Model. It represents
> a single node in the document tree. While all objects implementing the `Node` interface expose
> methods for dealing with children, not all objects implementing the `Node` interface may have
> children. For example, `Text` nodes may not have children, and adding children to such nodes
> results in a DOMException being raised.
> The attributes `nodeName`, `nodeValue` and `attributes` are included as a mechanism to get at
> node information without casting down to the specific derived interface. In cases where there is
> no obvious mapping of these attributes for a specific `nodeType` (e.g., `nodeValue` for an
> `Element` or `attributes` for a `Comment`), this returns `null`. Note that the specialized
> interfaces may contain additional and more convenient mechanisms to get and set the relevant
> information.
Wherever possible the documentation included in sections headed **Specification** is taken from
the specification documents listed above.
## Interface Mapping
The actual concrete types used in the DOM tree are [`RefNode`](type.RefNode.html)
which in turn are references an opaque `NodeImpl struct. `RefNode` implements all of the DOM
specified, and extension, interfaces.
* The exception type `DOMException` and associated constants are represented by the enumeration
`Error`.
* IDL Interface attributes are represented by functions;
* readonly attributes simply have an `attribute_name` getter,
* writeable attributes also have a `set_attribute_name` setter,
* some attributes allow null in which case they have an `unset_attribute_name` setter.
* IDL function names are altered from `lowerCamelCase` to `snake_case`.
* IDL functions that are marked `raises(DOMException)` return [`Result`](level2/type.Result.html) with
[`Error`](level2/enum.Error.html) as the error type.
* IDL attributes of type `T` that are described as "_may be `null`_", or IDL functions that "_may
return `T` or `null`_" instead return `Option<T>`.
## Primitive Type Mapping
| IDL Type | Rust Type | Usage |
|------------------|----------------|--------------------------------------|
| `boolean` | `bool` | all |
| `DOMString` | `String` | all |
| `unsigned short` | `Error`, `u16` | as representation of exception code |
| `unsigned long` | `usize` | list/string indexes and lengths |
# Logging
The DOM implementation makes use of the [`log`](https://crates.io/crates/log) crate, although only
the `warn!` and `error!` macros are used to provide more information than the set of error
conditions defined by the DOM.
*/
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Public Modules
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Private Modules
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------