wallswitch 0.60.6

//! Nova Julia liquid fractal generator overlay.
//!
//! This module implements the Nova Julia fractal, a formula combining
//! Newton-Raphson root-finding loops with a dynamic Julia-like perturbation constant.
//! It produces fluid, organic, plume-like structures resembling liquid metal, glowing
//! plasma currents, and detailed biological lattices.

use crate::effects::{
    MAX_ITERATIONS, MIN_ITERATIONS, RelaxedEscape, Viewport, ViewportSpecs,
    calculate_circular_fade, color_relaxed_newton_fractal, get_rotation_phasors, partition_rows,
};
use crate::{Complex, ImageEffect, NEON_PALETTES, NeonColor, get_random_integer};
use image::RgbImage;
use std::thread;

/// Valid operational range for randomized zoom viewport allocation.
const ZOOM_RANGE: [f64; 2] = [1.2, 3.2];

/// Structural parameters governing the Nova fluid dynamics.
///
/// These parameters define the polynomial power, the relaxation factor r,
/// and the perturbation constant c that shape the boundaries of the fractal.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub struct NovaPreset {
    /// The integer exponent p in the polynomial formula z^p - 1.
    pub power: u32,
    /// The relaxation factor R represented as a complex scalar or vector coordinate.
    pub r: Complex,
    /// The perturbation constant c added at each iteration step.
    pub c: Complex,
    /// The user-friendly identifier name of the preset.
    pub name: &'static str,
}

impl ImageEffect for NovaGenerator {
    /// Applies the procedural effect in-place to a mutable image buffer.
    ///
    /// The parallel rendering loop is executed directly in this trait implementation,
    /// completely removing redundant function wrapper overheads.
    fn apply(&self, rgb_img: &mut RgbImage) {
        let (width, height) = rgb_img.dimensions();
        let w_f = width as f64;
        let h_f = height as f64;

        let specs = ViewportSpecs {
            center: Complex::new(0.0, 0.0),
            zoom: self.zoom,
            cos_angle: self.cos_angle,
            sin_angle: self.sin_angle,
            is_julia: true,
        };
        let viewport = Viewport::new(w_f, h_f, &specs);

        let scan_iterations = self.scan_iterations;
        let power = self.preset.power;
        let r = self.preset.r;
        let c = self.preset.c;

        let (mut rows, width_usize) = partition_rows(rgb_img);

        let cores = thread::available_parallelism()
            .map(|n| n.get())
            .unwrap_or(4);
        let chunk_size = (rows.len() / cores).max(1);

        thread::scope(|scope| {
            let viewport_ref = &viewport;
            let color_palette = self.color_palette;
            for chunk in rows.chunks_mut(chunk_size) {
                scope.spawn(move || {
                    for (y, row_data) in chunk.iter_mut() {
                        let y_f = *y as f64;
                        for x in 0..width_usize {
                            let x_f = x as f64;
                            let z_init = viewport_ref.map(x_f, y_f);

                            let (i, diff_norm, z_final) = compute_nova_escape(
                                z_init.re,
                                z_init.im,
                                power,
                                r,
                                c,
                                scan_iterations,
                            );

                            // Circular edge fade with maximum radius expanded to max_radius = 2.20.
                            // Core is 100% constant up to max_radius * 0.30, fading gently to 0.0 at max_radius.
                            let edge_fade = calculate_circular_fade(z_init, 2.20, 0.30);

                            let escape_state = RelaxedEscape {
                                iterations: i,
                                max_iterations: scan_iterations,
                                diff_norm,
                                z_final,
                            };

                            let (fractal_rgb, alpha, s_alpha) = color_relaxed_newton_fractal(
                                &escape_state,
                                color_palette,
                                edge_fade,
                                (1e-5_f64).ln() as f32,
                                true,
                            );

                            let idx = x * 3;
                            crate::effects::blend_and_vignette_pixel(
                                row_data,
                                idx,
                                fractal_rgb,
                                alpha,
                                s_alpha,
                            );
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        });
    }

    /// Returns formatting diagnostic information about the active generator.
    fn info(&self) -> String {
        format!(
            "fractal [{}]\n\
            f(z) = z^{} - 1 = 0, where c = {:6.3} {} {:5.3}i (iter = {:4}, zoom = {:.2}), color: {}",
            self.preset.name,
            self.preset.power,
            self.preset.c.re,
            if self.preset.c.im >= 0.0 { "+" } else { "-" },
            self.preset.c.im.abs(),
            self.scan_iterations,
            self.zoom,
            self.color_palette
        )
    }
}

/// A procedural generator for rendering Nova Julia fractals onto desktop backgrounds.
pub struct NovaGenerator {
    /// The active parameters defining the shape and behavior of the fractal.
    pub preset: NovaPreset,
    /// The maximum iteration limit for escape-time calculations.
    pub scan_iterations: u32,
    /// The base color palette selected for the neon glow.
    pub color_palette: NeonColor,
    /// The viewport zoom level.
    pub zoom: f64,
    /// The cosine of the rotation angle.
    pub cos_angle: f64,
    /// The sine of the rotation angle.
    pub sin_angle: f64,
}

impl Default for NovaGenerator {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            preset: NovaPreset {
                power: 3,
                r: Complex::new(1.0, 0.0),
                c: Complex::new(0.1, 0.15),
                name: "Liquid Mercury Flow",
            },
            scan_iterations: get_random_integer::<_, u32>(MIN_ITERATIONS / 12, MAX_ITERATIONS / 12)
                .max(50),
            color_palette: NEON_PALETTES[0],
            zoom: 1.8,
            cos_angle: 1.0,
            sin_angle: 0.0,
        }
    }
}

impl NovaGenerator {
    /// Generates a randomized Nova Julia configuration fitted to monitor proportions.
    pub fn random(monitor: &crate::Monitor) -> Self {
        let width = monitor.resolution.width as u32;
        let height = monitor.resolution.height as u32;

        let presets = [
            // --- Classical Symmetric Presets ---
            NovaPreset {
                power: 3,
                r: Complex::new(1.0, 0.0),
                c: Complex::new(0.10, 0.15),
                name: "Liquid Mercury Flow",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 3,
                r: Complex::new(1.0, 0.0),
                c: Complex::new(-0.20, 0.45),
                name: "Cosmic Plasma Flare",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 4,
                r: Complex::new(1.0, 0.0),
                c: Complex::new(0.22, 0.10),
                name: "Ornate Coral Filigree",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 3,
                r: Complex::new(0.9, 0.0),
                c: Complex::new(-0.35, 0.25),
                name: "Nebulous Dust Whispers",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 4,
                r: Complex::new(1.0, 0.0),
                c: Complex::new(-0.10, 0.35),
                name: "Gilded Lace Tapestry",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 5,
                r: Complex::new(1.0, 0.0),
                c: Complex::new(-0.05, 0.55),
                name: "Glacial Frost Lattice",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 3,
                r: Complex::new(1.15, 0.0),
                c: Complex::new(0.0, 0.12),
                name: "Spiritual Mandala Ripple",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 4,
                r: Complex::new(0.8, 0.0),
                c: Complex::new(0.30, -0.20),
                name: "Bioluminescent Spore Nest",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 3,
                r: Complex::new(1.0, 0.0),
                c: Complex::new(0.18, -0.40),
                name: "Abyssal Trench Vines",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 6,
                r: Complex::new(1.0, 0.0),
                c: Complex::new(-0.15, 0.15),
                name: "Hyperdimensional Loom",
            },
            // --- Asymmetric & Complex-Relaxed (Spiraling) Presets ---
            NovaPreset {
                power: 3,
                r: Complex::new(1.0, 0.15),
                c: Complex::new(-0.15, 0.35),
                name: "Gothic Cathedral Rose",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 5,
                r: Complex::new(0.85, 0.25),
                c: Complex::new(0.25, 0.05),
                name: "Quantum Foam Fluctuation",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 4,
                r: Complex::new(1.2, -0.10),
                c: Complex::new(-0.28, -0.28),
                name: "Stellar Nucleosynthesis",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 6,
                r: Complex::new(0.95, 0.05),
                c: Complex::new(0.05, 0.42),
                name: "Emerald Moss Labyrinth",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 7,
                r: Complex::new(1.0, 0.0),
                c: Complex::new(-0.08, 0.38),
                name: "Bismuth Crystal Citadel",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 3,
                r: Complex::new(0.75, -0.30),
                c: Complex::new(0.32, 0.18),
                name: "Astral Jellyfish Canopy",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 4,
                r: Complex::new(1.1, 0.15),
                c: Complex::new(-0.45, 0.10),
                name: "Solar Prominence Loops",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 5,
                r: Complex::new(0.9, -0.20),
                c: Complex::new(-0.12, -0.32),
                name: "Aetheric Ley Line Matrix",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 8,
                r: Complex::new(1.05, 0.10),
                c: Complex::new(0.15, 0.15),
                name: "Phytoplankton Radiance",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 6,
                r: Complex::new(0.8, 0.40),
                c: Complex::new(-0.22, 0.22),
                name: "Chronos Vortex Gear",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 5,
                r: Complex::new(1.0, 0.3),
                c: Complex::new(-0.18, 0.12),
                name: "Aeon Temple Portico",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 8,
                r: Complex::new(0.9, -0.15),
                c: Complex::new(0.20, 0.35),
                name: "Hyperborean Crown",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 3,
                r: Complex::new(1.1, 0.45),
                c: Complex::new(-0.33, -0.05),
                name: "Abyssal Nautilus Shell",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 4,
                r: Complex::new(0.7, 0.5),
                c: Complex::new(0.15, -0.55),
                name: "Spectral Dragon Spine",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 3,
                r: Complex::new(1.3, -0.2),
                c: Complex::new(0.25, 0.25),
                name: "Opalescent Silk Ribbons",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 5,
                r: Complex::new(1.0, -0.4),
                c: Complex::new(-0.42, 0.18),
                name: "Phoenix Heart Nebula",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 7,
                r: Complex::new(0.85, 0.1),
                c: Complex::new(0.30, -0.30),
                name: "Crystalline Geode Valley",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 6,
                r: Complex::new(1.15, -0.3),
                c: Complex::new(-0.02, 0.48),
                name: "Eldritch Eye Lattice",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 4,
                r: Complex::new(0.9, 0.35),
                c: Complex::new(-0.25, 0.30),
                name: "Prismatic Quantum Lattice",
            },
            NovaPreset {
                power: 9,
                r: Complex::new(1.0, 0.25),
                c: Complex::new(0.08, -0.28),
                name: "Void Weaver Spindle",
            },
        ];

        let p_idx: usize = get_random_integer(0, NEON_PALETTES.len() - 1);
        let color_palette = NEON_PALETTES[p_idx];

        let angle_degrees: f64 = get_random_integer(0, 359);
        let radians = angle_degrees.to_radians();

        let preset_idx: usize = get_random_integer(0, presets.len() - 1);
        let selected_preset = presets[preset_idx];

        let mut nova = Self {
            preset: selected_preset,
            scan_iterations: get_random_integer(40, 80),
            color_palette,
            zoom: 1.8,
            cos_angle: radians.cos(),
            sin_angle: radians.sin(),
        };

        nova.optimize_fit(width, height);
        nova
    }

    /// Automatically aligns viewport dimensions to frame the central fluid core.
    pub fn optimize_fit(&mut self, width: u32, height: u32) {
        let w_f = width as f64;
        let h_f = height as f64;
        let min_dim = w_f.min(h_f);

        let search_limit = 1.6_f64;
        let steps = 64;
        let inv_steps_minus_1 = 1.0 / (steps - 1) as f64;
        let range = 2.0 * search_limit;

        let scan_iterations = self.scan_iterations;
        let mut active_points = Vec::with_capacity(steps * steps);

        for step_y in 0..steps {
            let ry = -search_limit + (step_y as f64 * inv_steps_minus_1) * range;
            for step_x in 0..steps {
                let rx = -search_limit + (step_x as f64 * inv_steps_minus_1) * range;
                let z = Complex::new(rx, ry);

                let (i, _, _) = compute_nova_escape(
                    z.re,
                    z.im,
                    self.preset.power,
                    self.preset.r,
                    self.preset.c,
                    scan_iterations,
                );

                if i > 6 && i < scan_iterations - 2 {
                    active_points.push(z);
                }
            }
        }

        if !active_points.is_empty() {
            let mut best_zoom = f64::MAX;
            let mut best_cos = self.cos_angle;
            let mut best_sin = self.sin_angle;

            for phasor in get_rotation_phasors() {
                let mut max_cx_abs = 0.0_f64;
                let mut max_cy_abs = 0.0_f64;

                // To map active points from complex space back to viewport space
                // for bounding box calculations, we must apply the inverse rotation.
                // In complex algebra, the inverse is represented by the complex conjugate.
                let inverse_phasor = phasor.conj();

                for &point in &active_points {
                    let rotated = point * inverse_phasor;
                    max_cx_abs = max_cx_abs.max(rotated.re.abs());
                    max_cy_abs = max_cy_abs.max(rotated.im.abs());
                }

                let zoom_x = 2.0 * max_cx_abs * min_dim / w_f;
                let zoom_y = 2.0 * max_cy_abs * min_dim / h_f;
                let required_zoom = zoom_x.max(zoom_y);

                if required_zoom < best_zoom {
                    best_zoom = required_zoom;
                    best_cos = phasor.re;
                    best_sin = phasor.im;
                }
            }

            let rand_factor = get_random_integer::<_, f64>(90, 135) / 100.0;
            self.zoom = (best_zoom * rand_factor).clamp(ZOOM_RANGE[0], ZOOM_RANGE[1]);
            self.cos_angle = best_cos;
            self.sin_angle = best_sin;
        } else {
            let flat_rand = get_random_integer::<_, f64>(130, 280) / 100.0;
            self.zoom = flat_rand.clamp(ZOOM_RANGE[0], ZOOM_RANGE[1]);
        }
    }
}

/// Evaluates fluid convergence under the Nova-Julia recurrence relation.
#[inline(always)]
fn compute_nova_escape(
    rx: f64,
    ry: f64,
    power: u32,
    r: Complex,
    c: Complex,
    scan_iterations: u32,
) -> (u32, f64, Complex) {
    let mut z = Complex::new(rx, ry);
    let p_f = power as f64;

    let mut i = 0;
    let mut diff_norm = 1.0;

    while i < scan_iterations {
        let z_norm_sq = z.norm_sq();
        if z_norm_sq < 1e-6 {
            break;
        }
        if z_norm_sq > 100.0 {
            break;
        }

        let z_prev_p_minus_1 = z.pow(power - 1);
        let z_p = z_prev_p_minus_1 * z;

        let f_z = z_p - Complex::new(1.0, 0.0);
        let f_prime_z = z_prev_p_minus_1 * p_f;

        let step = r * (f_z / f_prime_z);
        let z_next = z - step + c;

        let diff = z_next - z;
        diff_norm = diff.norm_sq();

        if diff_norm < 1e-5 {
            z = z_next;
            break;
        }

        z = z_next;
        i += 1;
    }

    (i, diff_norm, z)
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests_nova {
    use super::*;
    use crate::core::Monitor;

    #[test]
    fn test_nova_generation_random() {
        let monitor = Monitor::default();
        let nova = NovaGenerator::random(&monitor);
        assert!(nova.zoom > 0.0);
        assert!(nova.preset.power > 0);
    }
}