vst3-host 0.9.0

//! Simplified API for common VST3 hosting tasks.
//!
//! This module provides convenience functions that make it easy to get started
//! with VST3 plugin hosting without needing to understand all the configuration
//! options and complex APIs.
//!
//! ## Quick Examples
//!
//! ### Load and play a plugin
//! ```no_run
//! use vst3_host::simple;
//! use vst3_host::midi::MidiChannel;
//!
//! # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
//! // Load a plugin with sensible defaults
//! let mut plugin = simple::load_plugin("/path/to/synth.vst3")?;
//!
//! // Start processing audio
//! plugin.start_processing()?;
//!
//! // Play a note
//! plugin.send_midi_note(60, 127, MidiChannel::Ch1)?; // Middle C
//! # Ok(())
//! # }
//! ```
//!
//! ### Discover plugins easily
//! ```no_run
//! use vst3_host::simple;
//!
//! # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
//! // Find all plugins on the system
//! let plugins = simple::discover_plugins()?;
//!
//! for plugin in plugins {
//!     println!("Found: {} by {}", plugin.name, plugin.vendor);
//! }
//! # Ok(())
//! # }
//! ```

use crate::{
    audio::AudioBuffers,
    error::{Error, Result},
    host::Vst3Host,
    midi::MidiEvent,
    plugin::{Plugin, PluginInfo},
};
use std::path::Path;

/// Load a VST3 plugin with sensible defaults.
///
/// This function creates a host with default audio settings and loads the
/// specified plugin. It's the quickest way to get started with plugin hosting.
///
/// # Default Settings
/// - Sample rate: 44100 Hz
/// - Block size: 512 samples
/// - Input channels: 2 (stereo)
/// - Output channels: 2 (stereo)
/// - Process isolation: disabled (in-process). Use [`load_plugin_isolated`] to opt in.
///
/// # Arguments
/// * `path` - Path to the VST3 plugin (.vst3 file or directory)
///
/// # Returns
/// A loaded and configured plugin ready for audio processing.
///
/// # Examples
/// ```no_run
/// use vst3_host::simple;
/// use vst3_host::midi::MidiChannel;
///
/// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
/// let mut plugin = simple::load_plugin("/Applications/Dexed.vst3")?;
/// plugin.start_processing()?;
/// plugin.send_midi_note(60, 100, MidiChannel::Ch1)?;
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub fn load_plugin<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> Result<Plugin> {
    let mut host = Vst3Host::builder()
        .sample_rate(44100.0)
        .block_size(512)
        .input_channels(2)
        .output_channels(2)
        .build()?;

    host.load_plugin(path)
}

/// Load a plugin with custom audio settings.
///
/// This provides a middle ground between the fully automatic `load_plugin()`
/// and the full control of the host builder pattern.
///
/// # Arguments
/// * `path` - Path to the VST3 plugin
/// * `sample_rate` - Audio sample rate in Hz (typically 44100 or 48000)
/// * `block_size` - Audio buffer size (typically 512 or 1024)
///
/// # Examples
/// ```no_run
/// use vst3_host::simple;
///
/// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
/// // Load with professional audio settings
/// let mut plugin = simple::load_plugin_with_settings(
///     "/path/to/plugin.vst3",
///     48000.0,  // 48kHz sample rate
///     256       // Small buffer for low latency
/// )?;
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub fn load_plugin_with_settings<P: AsRef<Path>>(
    path: P,
    sample_rate: f64,
    block_size: usize,
) -> Result<Plugin> {
    let mut host = Vst3Host::builder()
        .sample_rate(sample_rate)
        .block_size(block_size)
        .input_channels(2)
        .output_channels(2)
        .build()?;

    host.load_plugin(path)
}

/// Load a plugin with crash protection enabled.
///
/// This loads the plugin in a separate process, which prevents plugin crashes
/// from affecting your application. Use this for untested or problematic plugins.
///
/// # Arguments
/// * `path` - Path to the VST3 plugin
///
/// # Examples
/// ```no_run
/// use vst3_host::simple;
///
/// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
/// // Load a potentially unstable plugin safely
/// let mut plugin = simple::load_plugin_isolated("/path/to/sketchy_plugin.vst3")?;
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub fn load_plugin_isolated<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> Result<Plugin> {
    let mut host = Vst3Host::builder()
        .sample_rate(44100.0)
        .block_size(512)
        .input_channels(2)
        .output_channels(2)
        .with_process_isolation(true) // Force process isolation
        .build()?;

    host.load_plugin(path)
}

/// Load a plugin and immediately start playing it through the default audio device.
///
/// The quickest way to actually hear a synth: load, then `play`. The returned
/// [`AudioHandle`](crate::AudioHandle) keeps audio running until dropped, and lets
/// you control the plugin while it plays.
///
/// # Examples
/// ```no_run
/// use vst3_host::{simple, midi::MidiChannel};
///
/// # fn main() -> vst3_host::Result<()> {
/// let plugin = simple::load_plugin("/path/to/synth.vst3")?;
/// let audio = simple::play(plugin)?;
/// audio.lock().send_midi_note(60, 100, MidiChannel::Ch1)?; // middle C
/// std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(2));
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
#[cfg(feature = "cpal-backend")]
pub fn play(plugin: Plugin) -> Result<crate::AudioHandle> {
    let backend = crate::backends::CpalBackend::new()?;
    let config = crate::audio::AudioConfig {
        output_channels: 2,
        input_channels: 0,
        ..Default::default()
    };
    crate::playback::play_with_backend(&backend, plugin, config)
}

/// Host an effect plugin on live audio input: capture from the default input device, process
/// through the plugin, and play the result on the default output device.
///
/// The instrument counterpart is [`play`]. Returns an [`AudioHandle`](crate::AudioHandle)
/// that keeps the streams alive and lets you control the plugin; dropping it stops audio.
#[cfg(feature = "cpal-backend")]
pub fn play_with_input(plugin: Plugin) -> Result<crate::AudioHandle> {
    let backend = crate::backends::CpalBackend::new()?;
    let config = crate::audio::AudioConfig {
        input_channels: 2,
        output_channels: 2,
        ..Default::default()
    };
    crate::playback::play_with_input_backend(&backend, plugin, config)
}

/// Discover all VST3 plugins in the standard system locations.
///
/// Scans the platform's standard VST3 directories and returns metadata for each
/// plugin found. For progress reporting during a long scan, use
/// [`Vst3Host::discover_plugins_with_callback`](crate::Vst3Host::discover_plugins_with_callback).
///
/// # Examples
/// ```no_run
/// use vst3_host::simple;
///
/// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
/// for info in simple::discover_plugins()? {
///     println!("Found: {} by {}", info.name, info.vendor);
/// }
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub fn discover_plugins() -> Result<Vec<PluginInfo>> {
    let mut host = Vst3Host::builder()
        .scan_default_paths() // Enable scanning system directories
        .build()?;

    host.discover_plugins()
}

/// Discover plugins in a specific directory.
///
/// # Arguments
/// * `path` - Directory to scan for VST3 plugins
///
/// # Examples
/// ```no_run
/// use vst3_host::simple;
///
/// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
/// let plugins = simple::discover_plugins_in("/my/custom/vst3/folder")?;
/// println!("{} plugins found", plugins.len());
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub fn discover_plugins_in<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> Result<Vec<PluginInfo>> {
    let mut host = Vst3Host::builder().add_scan_path(path).build()?;

    host.discover_plugins()
}

/// Read a plugin's metadata by loading it in this process.
///
/// # This loads the plugin
///
/// Despite reading like a cheap lookup, this performs a full in-process load — the plugin's
/// own initialization code runs inside your process. A plugin that `abort()`s or makes a
/// pure-virtual call while initializing (a licensed plugin failing its auth check, say) takes
/// the host down with it, and no Rust `catch_unwind` can prevent that.
///
/// For an untrusted plugin use [`crate::discovery::probe_plugin_info_isolated`], which does the
/// same introspection in a throwaway child process, or
/// [`crate::discovery::discover_plugins_safe`] to scan a whole folder that way. Use this
/// function when you already trust the plugin (or intend to load it regardless).
///
/// # Arguments
/// * `path` - Path to the VST3 plugin
///
/// # Returns
/// Plugin information including name, vendor, version, and capabilities.
///
/// # Examples
/// ```no_run
/// use vst3_host::simple;
///
/// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
/// let info = simple::get_plugin_info("/path/to/plugin.vst3")?;
/// println!("Plugin: {} v{} by {}", info.name, info.version, info.vendor);
/// println!("Has GUI: {}", info.has_gui);
/// println!("Audio I/O: {} in, {} out", info.audio_inputs, info.audio_outputs);
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub fn get_plugin_info<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> Result<PluginInfo> {
    let path = path.as_ref();

    if !path.exists() {
        return Err(Error::PluginNotFound(path.display().to_string()));
    }

    // Create a minimal host just for info gathering
    let mut host = Vst3Host::builder().build()?;

    // Load plugin to get info, then immediately drop it
    let plugin = host.load_plugin(path)?;
    Ok(plugin.info().clone())
}

/// Check if a plugin path is valid and loadable.
///
/// This performs basic validation without actually loading the plugin.
/// Useful for filtering plugin lists or validating user input.
///
/// # Arguments
/// * `path` - Path to check
///
/// # Returns
/// `true` if the path appears to be a valid VST3 plugin, `false` otherwise.
///
/// # Examples
/// ```no_run
/// use vst3_host::simple;
///
/// if simple::is_valid_plugin("/path/to/plugin.vst3") {
///     println!("Plugin path looks valid");
/// } else {
///     println!("Not a valid VST3 plugin path");
/// }
/// ```
pub fn is_valid_plugin<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> bool {
    let path = path.as_ref();

    // Basic checks
    if !path.exists() {
        return false;
    }

    // Check for .vst3 extension
    if let Some(extension) = path.extension() {
        if extension.to_string_lossy().to_lowercase() == "vst3" {
            return true;
        }
    }

    false
}

/// Upper bound on one offline render, in total `f32` samples across all output channels.
///
/// The `.wav` container itself tops out at a 4 GiB `u32` chunk size, so a render past this
/// could not be written back out anyway. Bounding it here turns an allocator abort into an
/// error a caller can handle.
const MAX_RENDER_SAMPLES: usize = (u32::MAX / 4) as usize;

/// Frame count for an offline render of `duration_secs`, rejecting the durations that would
/// otherwise reach `Vec::with_capacity` as a request no allocator can serve.
///
/// `duration_secs` comes straight from a caller: `f64::INFINITY` saturates through `as usize`
/// to `usize::MAX` (a capacity-overflow panic), `f64::NAN` casts to `0` and silently renders
/// nothing, and any absurd-but-finite value asks for tens of gigabytes.
fn render_frame_count(duration_secs: f64, sample_rate: f64, out_channels: usize) -> Result<usize> {
    if !duration_secs.is_finite() || duration_secs < 0.0 {
        return Err(Error::InvalidParameter(format!(
            "duration must be finite and non-negative, got {duration_secs}"
        )));
    }
    let frames = (duration_secs * sample_rate).round();
    if !frames.is_finite() || frames < 0.0 {
        return Err(Error::InvalidParameter(format!(
            "duration {duration_secs}s at {sample_rate} Hz is not a renderable frame count"
        )));
    }
    let max_frames = MAX_RENDER_SAMPLES / out_channels.max(1);
    if frames > max_frames as f64 {
        return Err(Error::InvalidParameter(format!(
            "duration {duration_secs}s at {sample_rate} Hz is {frames} frames across \
             {out_channels} channels, past the {max_frames}-frame render limit"
        )));
    }
    Ok(frames as usize)
}

/// Render a plugin offline to a 32-bit float WAV file.
///
/// Drives `process_audio` faster-than-realtime for `duration_secs` (at the plugin's
/// configured sample rate and block size), starting/stopping processing for you, and writes
/// the output to `path`. Any `midi` events are sent at the start — pass a held `NoteOn` to
/// bounce an instrument, or an empty slice for an effect (feed input via the lower-level
/// `process_audio` loop if you need to process a signal). No audio hardware is used.
///
/// `duration_secs` must be finite, non-negative, and short enough that the rendered audio
/// fits a `.wav` file; anything else is an [`Error::InvalidParameter`].
///
/// ```no_run
/// use vst3_host::{simple, midi::{MidiEvent, MidiChannel}};
/// # fn main() -> vst3_host::Result<()> {
/// let mut plugin = simple::load_plugin("/path/synth.vst3")?;
/// let note = MidiEvent::NoteOn { channel: MidiChannel::Ch1, note: 60, velocity: 100 };
/// simple::render_to_wav(&mut plugin, 2.0, &[note], "out.wav")?;
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub fn render_to_wav<P: AsRef<Path>>(
    plugin: &mut Plugin,
    duration_secs: f64,
    midi: &[MidiEvent],
    path: P,
) -> Result<()> {
    let sample_rate = plugin.sample_rate();
    let block = plugin.block_size().max(1);
    let out_channels = plugin.output_channel_count().max(1);
    let total_frames = render_frame_count(duration_secs, sample_rate, out_channels)?;

    plugin.start_processing()?;
    for &event in midi {
        plugin.send_midi_event(event)?;
    }

    let mut channels: Vec<Vec<f32>> = vec![Vec::with_capacity(total_frames); out_channels];
    let mut rendered = 0;
    while rendered < total_frames {
        let frames = block.min(total_frames - rendered);
        let mut buffers = AudioBuffers::new(0, out_channels, frames, sample_rate);
        plugin.process_audio(&mut buffers)?;
        for (ch, dst) in channels.iter_mut().enumerate() {
            if let Some(src) = buffers.outputs.get(ch) {
                dst.extend_from_slice(&src[..frames.min(src.len())]);
            }
        }
        rendered += frames;
    }
    plugin.stop_processing()?;

    crate::audio::write_wav(path, &channels, sample_rate as u32)
}

/// Offline-render a plugin to a WAV while feeding its audio input from an [`InputSource`]
/// (a generated test signal or a loaded file) — for auditioning/regression-testing effects
/// with a known input. Like [`render_to_wav`] but with `input_channels` filled each block,
/// and with the same limits on `duration_secs`.
///
/// [`InputSource`]: crate::audio::InputSource
pub fn render_to_wav_with_input<P: AsRef<Path>>(
    plugin: &mut Plugin,
    duration_secs: f64,
    midi: &[MidiEvent],
    source: &mut dyn crate::audio::InputSource,
    path: P,
) -> Result<()> {
    let sample_rate = plugin.sample_rate();
    let block = plugin.block_size().max(1);
    let out_channels = plugin.output_channel_count().max(1);
    let in_channels = plugin.info().audio_inputs.max(1) as usize;
    let total_frames = render_frame_count(duration_secs, sample_rate, out_channels)?;

    plugin.start_processing()?;
    for &event in midi {
        plugin.send_midi_event(event)?;
    }

    let mut channels: Vec<Vec<f32>> = vec![Vec::with_capacity(total_frames); out_channels];
    let mut rendered = 0;
    while rendered < total_frames {
        let frames = block.min(total_frames - rendered);
        let mut buffers = AudioBuffers::new(in_channels, out_channels, frames, sample_rate);
        source.fill(&mut buffers.inputs, frames, sample_rate);
        plugin.process_audio(&mut buffers)?;
        for (ch, dst) in channels.iter_mut().enumerate() {
            if let Some(src) = buffers.outputs.get(ch) {
                dst.extend_from_slice(&src[..frames.min(src.len())]);
            }
        }
        rendered += frames;
    }
    plugin.stop_processing()?;

    crate::audio::write_wav(path, &channels, sample_rate as u32)
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_is_valid_plugin() {
        // Test non-existent path
        assert!(!is_valid_plugin("/nonexistent/path.vst3"));

        // Test wrong extension
        assert!(!is_valid_plugin("plugin.dll"));
        assert!(!is_valid_plugin("plugin.so"));

        // Would need actual plugin files to test positive cases
    }

    /// `duration_secs` reaches `Vec::with_capacity` through an `as usize` cast that saturates:
    /// `INFINITY` became `usize::MAX` (a capacity-overflow panic), `NAN` became `0` (a silent
    /// empty render), and any absurd finite value asked the allocator for tens of gigabytes.
    #[test]
    fn render_frame_count_rejects_unrenderable_durations() {
        for bad in [
            f64::INFINITY,
            f64::NEG_INFINITY,
            f64::NAN,
            -1.0,
            1.0e12,
            f64::MAX,
        ] {
            assert!(
                render_frame_count(bad, 44_100.0, 2).is_err(),
                "duration {bad} should be rejected"
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn render_frame_count_accepts_ordinary_durations() {
        assert_eq!(render_frame_count(0.0, 44_100.0, 2).unwrap(), 0);
        assert_eq!(render_frame_count(2.0, 44_100.0, 2).unwrap(), 88_200);
        assert_eq!(render_frame_count(0.5, 48_000.0, 6).unwrap(), 24_000);
        // Right at the limit: the largest render that still fits a .wav.
        let max_frames = MAX_RENDER_SAMPLES / 2;
        let secs = max_frames as f64 / 44_100.0;
        assert!(render_frame_count(secs, 44_100.0, 2).is_ok());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_host_creation() {
        // Test that we can create hosts with different configurations
        let host1 = Vst3Host::builder()
            .sample_rate(44100.0)
            .block_size(512)
            .build();
        assert!(host1.is_ok());

        let host2 = Vst3Host::builder()
            .sample_rate(48000.0)
            .block_size(256)
            .with_process_isolation(true)
            .build();
        assert!(host2.is_ok());
    }
}