voltage_modbus 0.3.0

High-performance Modbus TCP/RTU/ASCII implementation for industrial automation and IoT applications
Documentation
voltage_modbus-0.3.0 has been yanked.

Voltage Modbus

License: MIT Rust GitHub Crates.io docs.rs

High-Performance Modbus TCP/RTU/ASCII Library for Rust

Author: Evan Liu evan.liu@voltageenergy.com Version: 0.2.0 License: MIT

A comprehensive, high-performance Modbus TCP/RTU/ASCII implementation in pure Rust designed for industrial automation, IoT applications, and smart grid systems.

โœจ Features

  • ๐Ÿš€ High Performance: Async/await support with Tokio for maximum throughput
  • ๐Ÿ”ง Complete Protocol Support: Modbus TCP, RTU, and ASCII protocols
  • ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ Memory Safe: Pure Rust implementation with zero unsafe code
  • โšก Zero-Copy Operations: Optimized for minimal memory allocations
  • ๐Ÿ”„ Concurrent Processing: Multi-client server support
  • ๐Ÿ“Š Built-in Monitoring: Comprehensive statistics and metrics
  • ๐Ÿญ Production Ready: Extensive testing and error handling
  • ๐ŸŽฏ Smart Architecture: Generic client design eliminates code duplication
  • ๐Ÿงฉ Modular Design: Clean separation of transport and application layers

๐Ÿ“‹ Supported Function Codes

Code Function Client Server
0x01 Read Coils โœ… โœ…
0x02 Read Discrete Inputs โœ… โœ…
0x03 Read Holding Registers โœ… โœ…
0x04 Read Input Registers โœ… โœ…
0x05 Write Single Coil โœ… โœ…
0x06 Write Single Register โœ… โœ…
0x0F Write Multiple Coils โœ… โœ…
0x10 Write Multiple Registers โœ… โœ…

๐Ÿš€ Quick Start

Add this to your Cargo.toml:

[dependencies]
voltage_modbus = "0.2.0"
tokio = { version = "1.0", features = ["full"] }

Client Examples

TCP Client

use voltage_modbus::{ModbusTcpClient, ModbusClient, ModbusResult};
use std::time::Duration;

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> ModbusResult<()> {
    // Connect to Modbus TCP server
    let mut client = ModbusTcpClient::with_timeout("127.0.0.1:502", Duration::from_secs(5)).await?;
    
    // Read holding registers
    let values = client.read_holding_registers(1, 0, 10).await?;
    println!("Read registers: {:?}", values);
    
    // Write single register
    client.write_single_register(1, 100, 0x1234).await?;
    
    client.close().await?;
    Ok(())
}

RTU Client

use voltage_modbus::{ModbusRtuClient, ModbusClient, ModbusResult};
use std::time::Duration;

#[tokio::main] 
async fn main() -> ModbusResult<()> {
    // Connect to Modbus RTU device
    let mut client = ModbusRtuClient::with_config(
        "/dev/ttyUSB0",
        9600,
        tokio_serial::DataBits::Eight,
        tokio_serial::StopBits::One,
        tokio_serial::Parity::None,
        Duration::from_secs(1),
    )?;
    
    // Read coils
    let coils = client.read_coils(1, 0, 8).await?;
    println!("Read coils: {:?}", coils);
    
    client.close().await?;
    Ok(())
}

Server Example

use voltage_modbus::{
    ModbusTcpServer, ModbusTcpServerConfig, ModbusServer, ModbusRegisterBank
};
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::time::Duration;

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    // Create server configuration
    let config = ModbusTcpServerConfig {
        bind_address: "127.0.0.1:502".parse().unwrap(),
        max_connections: 50,
        request_timeout: Duration::from_secs(30),
        register_bank: Some(Arc::new(ModbusRegisterBank::new())),
    };
    
    // Start server
    let mut server = ModbusTcpServer::with_config(config)?;
    server.start().await?;
    
    // Server is now running...
    Ok(())
}

๐Ÿ“– Documentation

๐Ÿ—๏ธ Architecture

Protocol Layer Insight

The library implements a key architectural insight: Modbus TCP and RTU share identical application layer messages (PDU), differing only in transport encapsulation:

TCP Frame: [MBAP Header (7 bytes)] + [PDU (Function Code + Data)]
RTU Frame: [Slave ID (1 byte)] + [PDU (Function Code + Data)] + [CRC (2 bytes)]

This enables code reuse through a generic client design:

โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”
โ”‚                    Application Layer                        โ”‚
โ”‚  โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”    โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”                โ”‚
โ”‚  โ”‚ ModbusTcpClient โ”‚    โ”‚ ModbusRtuClient โ”‚                โ”‚
โ”‚  โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜    โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜                โ”‚
โ”‚           โ”‚                       โ”‚                        โ”‚
โ”‚  โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”โ”‚
โ”‚  โ”‚           GenericModbusClient<T>                        โ”‚โ”‚
โ”‚  โ”‚         (Shared Application Logic)                      โ”‚โ”‚
โ”‚  โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜โ”‚
โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜
                          โ”‚
โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”
โ”‚                   Transport Layer                           โ”‚
โ”‚  โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”    โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”                โ”‚
โ”‚  โ”‚   TcpTransport  โ”‚    โ”‚   RtuTransport  โ”‚                โ”‚
โ”‚  โ”‚  (TCP Sockets)  โ”‚    โ”‚ (Serial Ports)  โ”‚                โ”‚
โ”‚  โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜    โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜                โ”‚
โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜

Core Modules

  • error - Error types and result handling
  • protocol - Modbus protocol definitions and message handling
  • transport - Network transport layer for TCP, RTU, and ASCII communication
  • client - Generic and protocol-specific client implementations
  • server - Modbus server implementations with concurrent support
  • register_bank - Thread-safe register storage for server applications
  • utils - Utility functions, data conversion, and performance monitoring

๐Ÿงช Examples and Testing

Run Examples

# Start the demo server
cargo run --bin server_demo

# Run TCP client demo
cargo run --bin demo

# Test RTU functionality
cargo run --bin rtu_test

# Run performance benchmarks
cargo run --bin performance_test

# Test all function codes
cargo run --bin full_function_test

Test Coverage

# Run all tests
cargo test

# Run with output
cargo test -- --nocapture

# Integration tests
cargo test --test integration_tests

# Documentation tests
cargo test --doc

Test Results:

  • โœ… 34 unit tests passed
  • โœ… 9 integration tests passed
  • โœ… 22 documentation tests passed
  • โœ… All Modbus function codes tested
  • โœ… Error handling and recovery tested
  • โœ… Concurrent client connections tested

๐Ÿ“ˆ Performance

Benchmarks

Metric Value
Latency < 1ms (local)
Throughput 1000+ requests/sec
Concurrent Connections 50+ clients
Memory Usage < 10MB (baseline)
CPU Usage < 5% (idle)

Optimization Features

  • Async I/O: Non-blocking operations with Tokio
  • Zero-Copy Operations: Minimal memory allocations
  • Generic Architecture: Code reuse eliminates duplication
  • Lock-Free Operations: Where possible
  • Configurable Timeouts: Adaptive timeout management

๐Ÿ”ง Configuration

Advanced Client Configuration

use voltage_modbus::{ModbusTcpClient, ModbusRtuClient};
use std::time::Duration;

// TCP with custom timeout
let mut tcp_client = ModbusTcpClient::with_timeout(
    "192.168.1.100:502", 
    Duration::from_secs(10)
).await?;

// RTU with full configuration
let mut rtu_client = ModbusRtuClient::with_config(
    "/dev/ttyUSB0",
    9600,                                // Baud rate
    tokio_serial::DataBits::Eight,      // Data bits
    tokio_serial::StopBits::One,        // Stop bits  
    tokio_serial::Parity::None,         // Parity
    Duration::from_secs(1),             // Timeout
)?;

Server Configuration

use voltage_modbus::{ModbusTcpServerConfig, ModbusRegisterBank};
use std::sync::Arc;

let config = ModbusTcpServerConfig {
    bind_address: "0.0.0.0:502".parse().unwrap(),
    max_connections: 100,
    request_timeout: Duration::from_secs(30),
    register_bank: Some(Arc::new(ModbusRegisterBank::with_sizes(
        10000, // coils
        10000, // discrete_inputs  
        10000, // holding_registers
        10000, // input_registers
    ))),
};

๐Ÿ› ๏ธ Development

Building from Source

git clone https://github.com/voltage-llc/voltage_modbus.git
cd voltage_modbus
cargo build --release

Development Tools

# Check code
cargo check

# Format code
cargo fmt

# Run linter
cargo clippy

# Generate documentation
cargo doc --no-deps --open

๐Ÿš€ Installation

From Crates.io

cargo add voltage_modbus

From Source

git clone https://github.com/voltage-llc/voltage_modbus.git
cd voltage_modbus
cargo install --path .

๐Ÿค Contributing

We welcome contributions! Please see our Contributing Guide for details.

Development Setup

  1. Clone the repository
  2. Install Rust (latest stable)
  3. Install dependencies: cargo build
  4. Run tests: cargo test
  5. Check formatting: cargo fmt --check
  6. Run linter: cargo clippy

๐Ÿ“ Changelog

See CHANGELOG.md for detailed release notes.

Recent Updates (v0.2.0)

  • โœจ Generic Client Architecture: Eliminated code duplication between TCP/RTU clients
  • ๐ŸŽฏ Improved API: Cleaner, more intuitive client interfaces
  • ๐Ÿ”ง Enhanced RTU Support: Full RTU client and server implementations
  • ๐Ÿ“Š Better Testing: Comprehensive test coverage with 43 total tests
  • ๐Ÿ—๏ธ Architectural Refinement: Clean separation of transport and application layers

๐Ÿ“„ License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.

๐Ÿ™ Acknowledgments

  • Modbus Organization for the protocol specification
  • Tokio Team for the excellent async runtime
  • Rust Community for the amazing ecosystem

๐Ÿ“ž Support


Built with โค๏ธ by Evan Liu for the Rust and Industrial Automation communities.