ushma 1.0.0

Thermodynamics simulation — heat transfer, entropy, equations of state, thermal properties
Documentation
# Benchmarks

Three-point tracking: **baseline** (first run) / **previous** / **latest**

| Point | Date | Commit |
|-------|------|--------|
| Baseline | 2026-03-25T01:33:49Z | `a9565aa` |
| Previous | 2026-03-25T08:21:58Z | `661e6fe` |
| Latest | 2026-03-25T09:09:04Z | `9f2bfeb` |

## transfer

| Benchmark | Baseline | Previous | Latest |
|-----------|----------|----------|--------|
| `conduction` | 3.04 ns | 2.93 ns | 2.84 ns |
| `convection` | 1.32 ns | 1.34 ns | 1.31 ns |
| `radiation` | 2.31 ns | 3.35 ns | 3.26 ns |
| `resistance_series` | 2.67 ns | 2.23 ns | 2.14 ns |
| `resistance_parallel` | 4.87 ns | 4.84 ns | 4.74 ns |
| `heat_stored` | 1.11 ns | 1.43 ns | 1.05 ns |
| `diffusivity` | 3.16 ns | 3.19 ns | 2.69 ns |
| `biot_number` | 2.49 ns | 2.90 ns | 2.22 ns |
| `lumped_capacitance` | 6.44 ns | 7.07 ns | 6.02 ns |
| `reynolds` || 2.93 ns | 2.72 ns |
| `nusselt_db` || 30.06 ns | 24.57 ns |
| `fin_rect_heat` || 18.99 ns | 17.03 ns |
| `lmtd_counter` || 9.74 ns | 9.02 ns |
| `eff_counter` || 10.67 ns | 8.58 ns |
| `view_factor_disks` || 8.95 ns | 7.67 ns |

## state

| Benchmark | Baseline | Previous | Latest |
|-----------|----------|----------|--------|
| `ideal_gas_pressure` | 2.16 ns | 2.83 ns | 1.69 ns |
| `ideal_gas_volume` | 3.55 ns | 2.96 ns | 1.70 ns |
| `van_der_waals` | 6.76 ns | 5.59 ns | 3.46 ns |
| `isothermal_work` | 9.74 ns | 10.11 ns | 6.81 ns |
| `adiabatic_temperature` | 14.62 ns | 20.73 ns | 15.56 ns |
| `compressibility_factor` | 3.08 ns | 5.15 ns | 2.65 ns |
| `redlich_kwong` || 29.31 ns | 19.66 ns |
| `peng_robinson` || 13.66 ns | 9.07 ns |

## entropy

| Benchmark | Baseline | Previous | Latest |
|-----------|----------|----------|--------|
| `carnot_efficiency` | 2.75 ns | 3.64 ns | 2.55 ns |
| `carnot_cop` | 2.26 ns | 2.40 ns | 1.96 ns |
| `helmholtz` | 1.10 ns | 1.15 ns | 1.04 ns |
| `gibbs` | 1.13 ns | 1.13 ns | 1.06 ns |
| `mixing` | 18.73 ns | 19.98 ns | 18.85 ns |
| `ideal_gas_ds` | 13.97 ns | 12.77 ns | 12.53 ns |

## material

| Benchmark | Baseline | Previous | Latest |
|-----------|----------|----------|--------|
| `diffusivity` | 270.70 ps | 264.20 ps | 259.20 ps |
| `volumetric_cp` | 274.20 ps | 265.10 ps | 257.70 ps |

## phase

| Benchmark | Baseline | Previous | Latest |
|-----------|----------|----------|--------|
| `clausius_clapeyron_slope` || 2.99 ns | 2.77 ns |
| `clausius_clapeyron_pressure` || 13.36 ns | 8.78 ns |
| `phase_lookup` || 13.97 ns | 12.13 ns |
| `heat_of_fusion` || 836.90 ps | 778.00 ps |
| `heat_of_vaporization` || 1.06 ns | 783.90 ps |
| `heat_for_phase_change` || 7.35 ns | 4.76 ns |

## cycle

| Benchmark | Baseline | Previous | Latest |
|-----------|----------|----------|--------|
| `otto` || 65.05 ns | 55.94 ns |
| `diesel` || 87.05 ns | 58.82 ns |
| `brayton` || 74.68 ns | 56.27 ns |
| `rankine` || 67.54 ns | 57.96 ns |
| `refrigeration` || 1.61 µs | 1.34 µs |

## steam

| Benchmark | Baseline | Previous | Latest |
|-----------|----------|----------|--------|
| `saturated_by_temp` || 8.18 ns | 7.87 ns |
| `saturated_by_pressure` || 7.88 ns | 7.65 ns |
| `quality_from_enthalpy` || 2.51 ns | 2.35 ns |
| `wet_steam_properties` || 2.88 ns | 2.88 ns |
| `superheated_lookup` || 23.30 ns | 19.86 ns |

## stat

| Benchmark | Baseline | Previous | Latest |
|-----------|----------|----------|--------|
| `rms_speed` ||| 3.94 ns |
| `einstein_cv` ||| 10.42 ns |
| `debye_cv` ||| 1.88 µs |

## chem

| Benchmark | Baseline | Previous | Latest |
|-----------|----------|----------|--------|
| `reaction_enthalpy` || 3.75 ns | 5.00 ns |
| `equilibrium_constant` || 5.99 ns | 7.61 ns |
| `adiabatic_flame` || 9.49 ns | 11.05 ns |

## numerical

| Benchmark | Baseline | Previous | Latest |
|-----------|----------|----------|--------|
| `explicit_1d` || 52.56 ns | 65.06 ns |
| `crank_nicolson_1d` || 1.26 µs | 1.34 µs |
| `gauss_seidel_2d_20x20` || 1.46 ms | 1.56 ms |
| `thermal_network_5` || 1.02 µs | 1.07 µs |

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Generated by `./scripts/bench-history.sh`. Full history in `bench-history.csv`.