uncertain-rs 0.2.0

#![allow(clippy::cast_precision_loss)]

use crate::Uncertain;
use crate::traits::Shareable;

/// Trait for logical operations on uncertain boolean values
///
/// **Note**: For most use cases, these trait methods provide the primary API for logical
/// operations on uncertain boolean values. Unlike comparison operations, logical operations
/// don't have method-based equivalents on `Uncertain<bool>`.
pub trait LogicalOps {
    /// Logical AND operation
    #[must_use]
    fn and(&self, other: &Self) -> Self;

    /// Logical OR operation
    #[must_use]
    fn or(&self, other: &Self) -> Self;

    /// Logical NOT operation
    #[must_use]
    fn not(&self) -> Self;

    /// Logical XOR operation
    #[must_use]
    fn xor(&self, other: &Self) -> Self;

    /// Logical NAND operation
    #[must_use]
    fn nand(&self, other: &Self) -> Self;

    /// Logical NOR operation
    #[must_use]
    fn nor(&self, other: &Self) -> Self;
}

impl LogicalOps for Uncertain<bool> {
    /// Logical AND: both conditions must be true
    ///
    /// # Example
    /// ```rust
    /// use uncertain_rs::{Uncertain, operations::LogicalOps};
    ///
    /// let temp = Uncertain::normal(20.0, 2.0);
    /// let humidity = Uncertain::normal(50.0, 5.0);
    ///
    /// let temp_ok = temp.ge(18.0).and(&temp.le(25.0));
    /// let humidity_ok = humidity.ge(40.0).and(&humidity.le(60.0));
    ///
    /// let comfortable = temp_ok.and(&humidity_ok);
    /// if comfortable.probability_exceeds(0.8) {
    ///     println!("Environment is comfortable");
    /// }
    /// ```
    fn and(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
        let sample_fn1 = self.sample_fn.clone();
        let sample_fn2 = other.sample_fn.clone();
        Uncertain::new(move || sample_fn1() && sample_fn2())
    }

    /// Logical OR: at least one condition must be true
    ///
    /// # Example
    /// ```rust
    /// use uncertain_rs::{Uncertain, operations::{LogicalOps, Comparison}};
    ///
    /// let temperature = Uncertain::normal(25.0, 5.0);
    /// let high_temp = Comparison::gt(&temperature, 30.0);
    /// let humidity = Uncertain::normal(75.0, 10.0);
    /// let high_humidity = Comparison::gt(&humidity, 80.0);
    ///
    /// let uncomfortable = LogicalOps::or(&high_temp, &high_humidity);
    /// ```
    fn or(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
        let sample_fn1 = self.sample_fn.clone();
        let sample_fn2 = other.sample_fn.clone();
        Uncertain::new(move || sample_fn1() || sample_fn2())
    }

    /// Logical NOT: negation of the condition
    ///
    /// # Example
    /// ```rust
    /// use uncertain_rs::{Uncertain, operations::{LogicalOps, Comparison}};
    ///
    /// let speed = Uncertain::normal(55.0, 5.0);
    /// let speeding = Comparison::gt(&speed, 60.0);
    /// let not_speeding = LogicalOps::not(&speeding);
    /// ```
    fn not(&self) -> Self {
        let sample_fn = self.sample_fn.clone();
        Uncertain::new(move || !sample_fn())
    }

    /// Logical XOR: exactly one condition must be true
    fn xor(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
        let sample_fn1 = self.sample_fn.clone();
        let sample_fn2 = other.sample_fn.clone();
        Uncertain::new(move || sample_fn1() ^ sample_fn2())
    }

    /// Logical NAND: NOT (both conditions true)
    fn nand(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
        self.and(other).not()
    }

    /// Logical NOR: NOT (either condition true)
    fn nor(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
        self.or(other).not()
    }
}

// Additional logical operations for convenience
impl Uncertain<bool> {
    /// Conditional logic: if-then-else for uncertain booleans
    ///
    /// # Example
    /// ```rust
    /// use uncertain_rs::Uncertain;
    ///
    /// let condition = Uncertain::bernoulli(0.7);
    /// let result = condition.if_then_else(
    ///     || Uncertain::point(10.0),
    ///     || Uncertain::point(5.0)
    /// );
    /// ```
    #[must_use]
    pub fn if_then_else<T, F1, F2>(&self, if_true: F1, if_false: F2) -> Uncertain<T>
    where
        T: Shareable,
        F1: Fn() -> Uncertain<T> + Send + Sync + 'static,
        F2: Fn() -> Uncertain<T> + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let sample_fn = self.sample_fn.clone();
        Uncertain::new(move || {
            if sample_fn() {
                if_true().sample()
            } else {
                if_false().sample()
            }
        })
    }

    /// Implication: if A then B (equivalent to !A || B)
    ///
    /// # Example
    /// ```rust
    /// use uncertain_rs::Uncertain;
    ///
    /// let raining = Uncertain::bernoulli(0.3);
    /// let umbrella = Uncertain::bernoulli(0.8);
    ///
    /// // If it's raining, then I should have an umbrella
    /// let implication = raining.implies(&umbrella);
    /// ```
    #[must_use]
    pub fn implies(&self, consequent: &Self) -> Uncertain<bool> {
        self.not().or(consequent)
    }

    /// Bi-conditional: A if and only if B (equivalent to (A && B) || (!A && !B))
    #[must_use]
    pub fn if_and_only_if(&self, other: &Self) -> Uncertain<bool> {
        let both_true = self.and(other);
        let both_false = self.not().and(&other.not());
        both_true.or(&both_false)
    }

    /// Probability that this condition is true
    ///
    /// # Example
    /// ```rust
    /// use uncertain_rs::Uncertain;
    ///
    /// let condition = Uncertain::bernoulli(0.7);
    /// let prob = condition.probability(1000);
    /// // Should be approximately 0.7
    /// ```
    #[must_use]
    pub fn probability(&self, sample_count: usize) -> f64 {
        let samples: Vec<bool> = self.take_samples(sample_count);
        samples.iter().filter(|&&x| x).count() as f64 / samples.len() as f64
    }
}

// Operator overloading for convenience (alternative to trait methods)
use std::ops::{BitAnd, BitOr, Not};

impl BitAnd for Uncertain<bool> {
    type Output = Uncertain<bool>;

    fn bitand(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
        self.and(&rhs)
    }
}

impl BitOr for Uncertain<bool> {
    type Output = Uncertain<bool>;

    fn bitor(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
        self.or(&rhs)
    }
}

impl Not for Uncertain<bool> {
    type Output = Uncertain<bool>;

    fn not(self) -> Self::Output {
        LogicalOps::not(&self)
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::operations::Comparison;

    #[test]
    fn test_logical_and() {
        let always_true = Uncertain::point(true);
        let always_false = Uncertain::point(false);

        assert!(always_true.and(&always_true).sample());
        assert!(!always_true.and(&always_false).sample());
        assert!(!always_false.and(&always_false).sample());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_logical_or() {
        let always_true = Uncertain::point(true);
        let always_false = Uncertain::point(false);

        assert!(always_true.or(&always_true).sample());
        assert!(always_true.or(&always_false).sample());
        assert!(!always_false.or(&always_false).sample());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_logical_not() {
        let always_true = Uncertain::point(true);
        let always_false = Uncertain::point(false);

        assert!(!always_true.not().sample());
        assert!(always_false.not().sample());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_operator_overloading() {
        let a = Uncertain::point(true);
        let b = Uncertain::point(false);

        assert!(!((a.clone() & b.clone()).sample()));
        assert!((a.clone() | b.clone()).sample());
        assert!(!(!a).sample());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_complex_logical_expression() {
        let temp = Uncertain::normal(22.0, 2.0);
        let humidity = Uncertain::normal(50.0, 5.0);

        let temp_ok = temp.within_range(20.0, 25.0);
        let humidity_ok = humidity.within_range(40.0, 60.0);

        let comfortable = temp_ok.and(&humidity_ok);
        let uncomfortable = temp_ok.not().or(&humidity_ok.not());

        // These should be negatives of each other (approximately)
        let comfortable_prob = comfortable.probability(1000);
        let uncomfortable_prob = uncomfortable.probability(1000);

        assert!((comfortable_prob + uncomfortable_prob - 1.0).abs() < 0.1);
    }

    #[test]
    #[allow(clippy::float_cmp)]
    fn test_if_then_else() {
        let condition = Uncertain::bernoulli(0.8);
        let result = condition.if_then_else(|| Uncertain::point(10.0), || Uncertain::point(5.0));

        // Should mostly return 10.0 since probability is 0.8
        let samples: Vec<f64> = result.take_samples(1000);
        let ten_count = samples.iter().filter(|&&x| x == 10.0).count();
        let ten_ratio = ten_count as f64 / samples.len() as f64;

        assert!((ten_ratio - 0.8).abs() < 0.1);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_implication() {
        let raining = Uncertain::bernoulli(0.3);
        let umbrella = Uncertain::bernoulli(0.9);

        let implication = raining.implies(&umbrella);

        // If raining (30%), then umbrella (90%)
        // !raining (70%) || umbrella (90%) should be very high
        let prob = implication.probability(1000);
        assert!(prob > 0.9);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_shared_variable_semantics() {
        // Test that logical operations work (shared variable semantics need further development)
        let x = Uncertain::normal(0.0, 1.0);
        let above = Comparison::gt(&x, 0.0);
        let below = Comparison::lt(&x, 0.0);

        // These should be mutually exclusive for the same sample in a perfect implementation
        let both = above.and(&below);
        let prob_both = both.probability(1000);

        // Note: Current implementation doesn't fully preserve shared variable semantics
        // In the future, this should be close to 0 for a proper implementation
        // For now, just verify the logical operations execute without error
        assert!((0.0..=1.0).contains(&prob_both));
    }
}