tycho-simulation 0.409.0

//! Reads Curve pool state from the locally indexed VM storage via view-getter calls and
//! assembles a vendored `math::Pool` through `adapter::build_pool`.
//!
//! The getter set per variant mirrors the reference RPC consumer in
//! `curve-adapter/tests/fuzz_registry.rs`, executed against the `SimulationEngine` instead of a
//! live RPC node so values are read from the same indexed storage Tycho already tracks.
use std::fmt::Debug;

use alloy::{
    core::sol,
    primitives::{Address as AlloyAddress, U256},
    sol_types::SolCall,
};
use revm::{state::AccountInfo, DatabaseRef};
use tycho_common::{simulation::errors::SimulationError, Bytes};

use crate::evm::{
    engine_db::engine_db_interface::EngineDatabaseInterface,
    protocol::{
        curve::{
            adapter::{build_pool, detect_eth_variant, CurveVariant, ProbingResults, RawPoolState},
            math::Pool,
        },
        vm::utils::get_code_for_contract,
    },
    simulation::{PendingOverrides, SimulationEngine},
};

sol! {
    #[allow(missing_docs)]
    interface ICurve {
        function balances(uint256 i) external view returns (uint256);
        function A() external view returns (uint256);
        function fee() external view returns (uint256);
        function initial_A() external view returns (uint256);
        function future_A() external view returns (uint256);
        function offpeg_fee_multiplier() external view returns (uint256);
        function gamma() external view returns (uint256);
        function D() external view returns (uint256);
        function mid_fee() external view returns (uint256);
        function out_fee() external view returns (uint256);
        function fee_gamma() external view returns (uint256);
        function price_scale() external view returns (uint256);
        function MATH() external view returns (address);
        function base_pool() external view returns (address);
        function version() external view returns (string);
    }

    #[allow(missing_docs)]
    interface ICurveOld {
        function balances(int128 i) external view returns (uint256);
    }

    #[allow(missing_docs)]
    interface ICurveTri {
        function price_scale(uint256 i) external view returns (uint256);
        function precisions() external view returns (uint256[3]);
    }

    #[allow(missing_docs)]
    interface ICurveTwo {
        function precisions() external view returns (uint256[2]);
    }

    #[allow(missing_docs)]
    interface IBasePool {
        function get_virtual_price() external view returns (uint256);
    }
}

/// `A_PRECISION` for StableSwap V2 / NG / Meta / ALend pools.
const A_PRECISION: u64 = 100;
/// `stored_rates()` selector — read via raw call because the return encoding (fixed vs dynamic
/// array) varies across NG pool versions.
const STORED_RATES_SELECTOR: [u8; 4] = [0xfd, 0x06, 0x84, 0xb1];

/// State-delta attribute carrying a pool's [`RawPoolState`] for a pending block.
///
/// A pending block's state is not in the indexed VM storage, so an indexer that has already read
/// the pool under that block's overrides passes the readings through this attribute instead.
pub const POOL_STATE_ADJUSTED: &str = "pool_state_adjusted";

/// Encode `state` for the [`POOL_STATE_ADJUSTED`] attribute.
pub fn encode_raw_state(state: &RawPoolState) -> Result<Bytes, SimulationError> {
    serde_json::to_vec(state)
        .map(Bytes::from)
        .map_err(|e| SimulationError::FatalError(format!("curve state encode failed: {e}")))
}

/// Decode the bytes of a [`POOL_STATE_ADJUSTED`] attribute.
pub fn decode_raw_state(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<RawPoolState, SimulationError> {
    serde_json::from_slice(bytes)
        .map_err(|e| SimulationError::FatalError(format!("curve state decode failed: {e}")))
}

/// Read Curve pool state for `variant` from the engine and build the matching [`Pool`].
///
/// `token_decimals` must be ordered to match the pool's coin indices. Returns a fully
/// constructed [`Pool`] ready for quoting, or a [`SimulationError`] if a required getter
/// reverts or `build_pool` rejects the assembled state.
pub fn decode_from_vm<D: EngineDatabaseInterface + Clone + Debug>(
    engine: &SimulationEngine<D>,
    pool: &AlloyAddress,
    variant: CurveVariant,
    token_decimals: &[u8],
) -> Result<Pool, SimulationError>
where
    <D as DatabaseRef>::Error: Debug,
    <D as EngineDatabaseInterface>::Error: Debug,
{
    let state =
        read_raw_pool_state(engine, pool, variant, token_decimals, &PendingOverrides::default())?;
    build_pool(&state)
        .map_err(|e| SimulationError::FatalError(format!("curve build_pool failed: {e}")))
}

/// Read the view getters `variant` needs from `engine`, for a pool with `n_coins` coins.
///
/// `overrides` allows for overriding the state the getters run against; empty [`PendingOverrides`]
/// means normal reading from engine's confirmed state. Pass a pending block's storage, native
/// balances and block environment to read the state that block would leave behind (block timestamp
/// matters!).
///
/// Returns a [`SimulationError`] if a getter required by the variant reverts. Getters that only
/// some deployments of a variant expose are recorded as `None` instead.
pub fn read_raw_pool_state<D: EngineDatabaseInterface + Clone + Debug>(
    engine: &SimulationEngine<D>,
    pool: &AlloyAddress,
    variant: CurveVariant,
    decimals: &[u8],
    overrides: &PendingOverrides,
) -> Result<RawPoolState, SimulationError>
where
    <D as DatabaseRef>::Error: Debug,
    <D as EngineDatabaseInterface>::Error: Debug,
{
    PoolReader::new(engine, overrides).read_pool(pool, variant, decimals)
}

/// Reads one pool's view getters from `engine`, under a fixed set of state overrides.
///
/// The engine and the overrides are never useful apart: every getter needs both, and a getter
/// that lost the overrides would silently read confirmed state.
struct PoolReader<'a, D: EngineDatabaseInterface + Clone + Debug>
where
    <D as DatabaseRef>::Error: Debug,
    <D as EngineDatabaseInterface>::Error: Debug,
{
    engine: &'a SimulationEngine<D>,
    overrides: &'a PendingOverrides,
}

impl<'a, D: EngineDatabaseInterface + Clone + Debug> PoolReader<'a, D>
where
    <D as DatabaseRef>::Error: Debug,
    <D as EngineDatabaseInterface>::Error: Debug,
{
    fn new(engine: &'a SimulationEngine<D>, overrides: &'a PendingOverrides) -> Self {
        Self { engine, overrides }
    }

    fn read_pool(
        &self,
        pool: &AlloyAddress,
        variant: CurveVariant,
        decimals: &[u8],
    ) -> Result<RawPoolState, SimulationError> {
        let n_coins = decimals.len();
        match variant {
            CurveVariant::StableSwapV0 => Ok(RawPoolState {
                variant,
                balances: self.read_balances_int128(pool, n_coins)?,
                amp: self.call(pool, ICurve::ACall {})?,
                fee: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::feeCall {})?),
                token_decimals: decimals.into(),
                ..Default::default()
            }),
            CurveVariant::StableSwapV1 => Ok(RawPoolState {
                variant,
                balances: self.read_balances(pool, n_coins)?,
                amp: self.call(pool, ICurve::ACall {})?,
                fee: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::feeCall {})?),
                token_decimals: decimals.into(),
                ..Default::default()
            }),
            CurveVariant::StableSwapV2 | CurveVariant::StableSwapSTETH => Ok(RawPoolState {
                variant,
                balances: self.read_balances(pool, n_coins)?,
                amp: self.read_ramped_amp(pool)?,
                fee: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::feeCall {})?),
                token_decimals: decimals.into(),
                ..Default::default()
            }),
            CurveVariant::StableSwapALend => Ok(RawPoolState {
                variant,
                balances: self.read_balances(pool, n_coins)?,
                amp: self.read_ramped_amp(pool)?,
                fee: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::feeCall {})?),
                offpeg_fee_multiplier: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::offpeg_fee_multiplierCall {})?),
                token_decimals: decimals.into(),
                ..Default::default()
            }),
            CurveVariant::StableSwapNG => Ok(RawPoolState {
                variant,
                balances: self.read_balances(pool, n_coins)?,
                amp: self.read_ramped_amp(pool)?,
                fee: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::feeCall {})?),
                // v5+ crvUSD factory pools lack offpeg_fee_multiplier; build_pool defaults it.
                offpeg_fee_multiplier: self.call_opt(pool, ICurve::offpeg_fee_multiplierCall {}),
                dynamic_rates: self.read_stored_rates(pool, n_coins),
                token_decimals: decimals.into(),
                ..Default::default()
            }),
            CurveVariant::StableSwapMeta => {
                let mut dynamic_rates = vec![None; n_coins];
                if let Some(last) = dynamic_rates.last_mut() {
                    *last = Some(self.read_base_virtual_price(pool)?);
                }
                Ok(RawPoolState {
                    variant,
                    balances: self.read_balances(pool, n_coins)?,
                    amp: self.read_ramped_amp(pool)?,
                    fee: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::feeCall {})?),
                    dynamic_rates: Some(dynamic_rates),
                    token_decimals: decimals.into(),
                    ..Default::default()
                })
            }
            CurveVariant::TwoCryptoV1 |
            CurveVariant::TwoCryptoNG |
            CurveVariant::TwoCryptoStable => self.read_twocrypto(pool, variant, decimals),
            CurveVariant::TriCryptoV1 | CurveVariant::TriCryptoNG => {
                self.read_tricrypto(pool, variant, decimals)
            }
        }
    }

    fn read_twocrypto(
        &self,
        pool: &AlloyAddress,
        variant: CurveVariant,
        decimals: &[u8],
    ) -> Result<RawPoolState, SimulationError> {
        let balances = self.read_balances(pool, 2)?;
        let price_scale = self.call(pool, ICurve::price_scaleCall {})?;
        let precisions = self
            .call_opt(pool, ICurveTwo::precisionsCall {})
            .map(|p| p.to_vec());
        let gamma = if variant == CurveVariant::TwoCryptoStable {
            None
        } else {
            Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::gammaCall {})?)
        };
        let eth_variant = if variant == CurveVariant::TwoCryptoV1 {
            Some(detect_eth_variant(*pool))
        } else {
            None
        };
        Ok(RawPoolState {
            variant,
            balances,
            amp: self.call(pool, ICurve::ACall {})?,
            mid_fee: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::mid_feeCall {})?),
            out_fee: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::out_feeCall {})?),
            fee_gamma: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::fee_gammaCall {})?),
            d: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::DCall {})?),
            gamma,
            price_scale: Some(vec![price_scale]),
            precisions,
            eth_variant,
            token_decimals: decimals.into(),
            ..Default::default()
        })
    }

    fn read_tricrypto(
        &self,
        pool: &AlloyAddress,
        variant: CurveVariant,
        decimals: &[u8],
    ) -> Result<RawPoolState, SimulationError> {
        let balances = self.read_balances(pool, 3)?;
        let ps0 = self.call(pool, ICurveTri::price_scaleCall { i: U256::from(0) })?;
        let ps1 = self.call(pool, ICurveTri::price_scaleCall { i: U256::from(1) })?;
        let precisions = self
            .call_opt(pool, ICurveTri::precisionsCall {})
            .map(|p| p.to_vec());
        Ok(RawPoolState {
            variant,
            balances,
            amp: self.call(pool, ICurve::ACall {})?,
            mid_fee: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::mid_feeCall {})?),
            out_fee: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::out_feeCall {})?),
            fee_gamma: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::fee_gammaCall {})?),
            d: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::DCall {})?),
            gamma: Some(self.call(pool, ICurve::gammaCall {})?),
            price_scale: Some(vec![ps0, ps1]),
            precisions,
            token_decimals: decimals.into(),
            ..Default::default()
        })
    }

    fn read_ramped_amp(&self, pool: &AlloyAddress) -> Result<U256, SimulationError> {
        let initial_a = self.call_opt(pool, ICurve::initial_ACall {});
        let future_a = self.call_opt(pool, ICurve::future_ACall {});
        match (initial_a, future_a) {
            (Some(ia), Some(fa)) if ia == fa => Ok(ia),
            // While ramping we read `A()`, which the pool interpolates to the read block. The
            // adapter docs suggest instead interpolating `initial_A`/`future_A` and calling
            // `Pool::set_amp` per quote — but the pool has no access to the current block
            // timestamp outside `delta_transition`, so per-quote interpolation isn't feasible
            // yet. `A()` is refreshed on every `delta_transition` (i.e. on every swap), and ramps
            // span days, so intra-interval drift is negligible. Revisit if the pool gains access
            // to the block timestamp.
            _ => Ok(self.call(pool, ICurve::ACall {})? * U256::from(A_PRECISION)),
        }
    }

    fn read_balances(
        &self,
        pool: &AlloyAddress,
        n_coins: usize,
    ) -> Result<Vec<U256>, SimulationError> {
        let mut balances = Vec::with_capacity(n_coins);
        for i in 0..n_coins {
            balances.push(self.call(pool, ICurve::balancesCall { i: U256::from(i) })?);
        }
        Ok(balances)
    }

    fn read_balances_int128(
        &self,
        pool: &AlloyAddress,
        n_coins: usize,
    ) -> Result<Vec<U256>, SimulationError> {
        let mut balances = Vec::with_capacity(n_coins);
        for i in 0..n_coins {
            balances.push(self.call(pool, ICurveOld::balancesCall { i: i as i128 })?);
        }
        Ok(balances)
    }

    /// Resolve a StableSwapMeta pool's base LP token rate via the base pool's
    /// `get_virtual_price()`.
    fn read_base_virtual_price(&self, pool: &AlloyAddress) -> Result<U256, SimulationError> {
        let base_pool = self.call(pool, ICurve::base_poolCall {})?;
        self.call(&base_pool, IBasePool::get_virtual_priceCall {})
    }

    /// Read `stored_rates()` as `dynamic_rates`, handling both fixed-size and dynamic ABI
    /// encodings.
    fn read_stored_rates(&self, pool: &AlloyAddress, n_coins: usize) -> Option<Vec<Option<U256>>> {
        let res = self
            .engine
            .simulate(
                &self
                    .overrides
                    .view_call(*pool, STORED_RATES_SELECTOR.to_vec()),
            )
            .ok()?;
        let out = res.result.as_ref();
        if out.len() < n_coins * 32 {
            return None;
        }
        // If the first word is a small ABI offset (dynamic encoding) rather than a rate
        // (rates are >= 10^18), skip the offset + length words.
        let first_word = U256::from_be_slice(&out[..32]);
        let data_offset = if first_word <= U256::from(256u64) && out.len() >= (n_coins + 2) * 32 {
            64
        } else {
            0
        };
        let rates = (0..n_coins)
            .map(|i| {
                let start = data_offset + i * 32;
                Some(U256::from_be_slice(&out[start..start + 32]))
            })
            .collect();
        Some(rates)
    }

    fn call<C, R>(&self, to: &AlloyAddress, sol_call: C) -> Result<R, SimulationError>
    where
        C: SolCall<Return = R>,
    {
        let res = self
            .engine
            .simulate(
                &self
                    .overrides
                    .view_call(*to, sol_call.abi_encode()),
            )
            .map_err(|e| {
                SimulationError::RecoverableError(format!("curve getter call failed: {e}"))
            })?;
        C::abi_decode_returns(res.result.as_ref())
            .map_err(|e| SimulationError::FatalError(format!("curve getter decode failed: {e}")))
    }

    fn call_opt<C, R>(&self, to: &AlloyAddress, sol_call: C) -> Option<R>
    where
        C: SolCall<Return = R>,
    {
        self.call(to, sol_call).ok()
    }
}

/// Read the pool's `MATH()` contract address, if it exposes one (TwoCrypto-NG era pools).
pub fn read_math_address<D: EngineDatabaseInterface + Clone + Debug>(
    engine: &SimulationEngine<D>,
    pool: &AlloyAddress,
) -> Option<AlloyAddress>
where
    <D as DatabaseRef>::Error: Debug,
    <D as EngineDatabaseInterface>::Error: Debug,
{
    PoolReader::new(engine, &PendingOverrides::default()).call_opt(pool, ICurve::MATHCall {})
}

/// Ensure the code of the pool's actual `MATH()` contract is loaded into the engine.
///
/// TwoCrypto-NG pools delegate math to a `MATH()` contract, and the substreams may index a
/// stale/hardcoded math address (a different version than the pool actually uses), so the real one
/// read from `MATH()` is loaded here by fetching its code via RPC. A no-op for pools without a
/// `MATH()` getter. Returns an error when a pool exposes `MATH()` but its code cannot be fetched or
/// loaded — the caller must fail decoding rather than build a pool with unresolved math.
pub async fn load_math_contract<D: EngineDatabaseInterface + Clone + Debug>(
    engine: &SimulationEngine<D>,
    pool: &AlloyAddress,
) -> Result<(), SimulationError>
where
    <D as DatabaseRef>::Error: Debug,
    <D as EngineDatabaseInterface>::Error: Debug,
{
    let Some(math) = read_math_address(engine, pool) else {
        return Ok(());
    };
    let code = get_code_for_contract(&math.to_string(), None)
        .await
        .map_err(|e| {
            SimulationError::RecoverableError(format!(
                "curve: failed to fetch MATH() code for {math}: {e}"
            ))
        })?;
    engine
        .state
        .init_account(
            math,
            AccountInfo {
                balance: U256::ZERO,
                nonce: 0,
                code_hash: code.hash_slow(),
                code: Some(code),
            },
            None,
            false,
        )
        .map_err(|e| {
            SimulationError::FatalError(format!(
                "curve: failed to load MATH() code for {math}: {e:?}"
            ))
        })?;
    Ok(())
}

/// Read the `version()` string from a contract (e.g. a TwoCrypto MATH implementation), if present.
pub fn read_version<D: EngineDatabaseInterface + Clone + Debug>(
    engine: &SimulationEngine<D>,
    address: &AlloyAddress,
) -> Option<String>
where
    <D as DatabaseRef>::Error: Debug,
    <D as EngineDatabaseInterface>::Error: Debug,
{
    PoolReader::new(engine, &PendingOverrides::default()).call_opt(address, ICurve::versionCall {})
}

/// Probe the pool's on-chain interface to populate [`ProbingResults`] for variant detection.
///
/// Each field records whether the corresponding getter succeeded; only used as a fallback when
/// the variant cannot be resolved from static attributes.
pub fn probe<D: EngineDatabaseInterface + Clone + Debug>(
    engine: &SimulationEngine<D>,
    pool: &AlloyAddress,
    n_coins: usize,
) -> ProbingResults
where
    <D as DatabaseRef>::Error: Debug,
    <D as EngineDatabaseInterface>::Error: Debug,
{
    // Which interface a pool exposes is fixed at deployment, so probing always reads
    // confirmed state — a pending block cannot change the answer.
    let overrides = PendingOverrides::default();
    let reader = PoolReader::new(engine, &overrides);
    let math: Option<AlloyAddress> = reader.call_opt(pool, ICurve::MATHCall {});
    ProbingResults {
        has_gamma: reader
            .call_opt(pool, ICurve::gammaCall {})
            .is_some(),
        n_coins,
        has_math: math.is_some(),
        // Read `MATH().version()` so `detect_variant` can split TwoCrypto NG (v2.x) from
        // TwoCryptoStable (v0.x) on the probe fallback path, matching `resolve_twocrypto`.
        math_version: math.and_then(|math| reader.call_opt(&math, ICurve::versionCall {})),
        has_offpeg_fee_multiplier: reader
            .call_opt(pool, ICurve::offpeg_fee_multiplierCall {})
            .is_some(),
        has_stored_rates: reader
            .read_stored_rates(pool, n_coins)
            .is_some(),
        has_version: reader
            .call_opt(pool, ICurve::versionCall {})
            .is_some(),
        has_base_pool: reader
            .call_opt(pool, ICurve::base_poolCall {})
            .is_some(),
        has_int128_balances: reader
            .call_opt(pool, ICurveOld::balancesCall { i: 0 })
            .is_some(),
        pool_address: *pool,
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
    use std::str::FromStr;

    use alloy::sol;
    use tycho_client::feed::BlockHeader;

    use super::*;
    use crate::evm::{
        engine_db::{
            simulation_db::SimulationDB,
            utils::{get_client, get_runtime},
        },
        simulation::SimulationEngine,
    };

    sol! {
        function get_dy_stable(int128 i, int128 j, uint256 dx) external view returns (uint256);
        function coins(uint256 i) external view returns (address);
        function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
    }

    const ETH_PLACEHOLDER: AlloyAddress =
        alloy::primitives::address!("eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee");

    /// Read coin decimals on-chain so the differential check is robust to any pool's token set.
    fn read_decimals<D: EngineDatabaseInterface + Clone + Debug>(
        engine: &SimulationEngine<D>,
        pool: &AlloyAddress,
        n: usize,
    ) -> Vec<u8>
    where
        <D as DatabaseRef>::Error: Debug,
        <D as EngineDatabaseInterface>::Error: Debug,
    {
        let overrides = PendingOverrides::default();
        let reader = PoolReader::new(engine, &overrides);
        (0..n)
            .map(|i| {
                let coin: AlloyAddress = reader
                    .call(pool, coinsCall { i: U256::from(i) })
                    .unwrap();
                if coin == ETH_PLACEHOLDER {
                    18
                } else {
                    reader
                        .call(&coin, decimalsCall {})
                        .unwrap()
                }
            })
            .collect()
    }

    /// Decode a pool from the VM and assert our `get_amount_out` matches on-chain `get_dy`
    /// (StableSwap `int128` signature) at the same block.
    fn assert_stable_matches_onchain(
        pool: &str,
        variant: CurveVariant,
        n_coins: usize,
        swap: (usize, usize, U256),
        block: (u64, u64),
    ) {
        let (i, j, dx) = swap;
        let (block_number, timestamp) = block;
        let header = BlockHeader { number: block_number, timestamp, ..Default::default() };
        let mut db = SimulationDB::new(get_client(None).unwrap(), get_runtime().unwrap(), None);
        db.set_block(Some(header));
        let engine = SimulationEngine::new(db, false);
        let pool = AlloyAddress::from_str(pool).unwrap();
        let decimals = read_decimals(&engine, &pool, n_coins);

        let decoded = decode_from_vm(&engine, &pool, variant, &decimals).expect("decode failed");
        let ours = decoded
            .get_amount_out(i, j, dx)
            .expect("get_amount_out returned None");

        let onchain: U256 = PoolReader::new(&engine, &PendingOverrides::default())
            .call(&pool, get_dy_stableCall { i: i as i128, j: j as i128, dx })
            .expect("on-chain get_dy failed");

        assert_eq!(ours, onchain, "curve quote diverged from on-chain get_dy");
    }

    /// Readings must survive the attribute encoding unchanged; a lossy field would silently
    /// misprice the pool that decodes them.
    #[test]
    fn raw_pool_state_roundtrips_through_the_attribute_encoding() {
        let u = |s: &str| s.parse::<U256>().unwrap();
        let state = RawPoolState {
            variant: CurveVariant::StableSwapV2,
            balances: vec![u("2466241139205"), u("4200057336")],
            token_decimals: vec![18, 6],
            amp: u("1707629"),
            fee: Some(u("4000000")),
            mid_fee: Some(u("3000000")),
            out_fee: Some(u("30000000")),
            fee_gamma: Some(u("500000000000000")),
            offpeg_fee_multiplier: Some(u("20000000000")),
            price_scale: Some(vec![u("59372627314351316239076")]),
            d: Some(u("7457948167729606869978625")),
            gamma: Some(u("11809167828997")),
            dynamic_rates: Some(vec![Some(u("1000000000000000000")), None]),
            precisions: Some(vec![u("1"), u("1000000000000")]),
            eth_variant: Some(true),
        };

        let encoded = encode_raw_state(&state).expect("encode failed");

        assert_eq!(decode_raw_state(&encoded).expect("decode failed"), state);
    }

    #[test]
    fn decoding_malformed_readings_fails() {
        assert!(decode_raw_state(b"not json").is_err());
    }

    /// Pure check (no RPC): assemble `RawPoolState` from on-chain getter values for the
    /// TriCryptoNG USDC/WBTC/WETH pool (0x7f86bf…) and verify `build_pool().get_amount_out`
    /// reproduces on-chain `get_dy`. Isolates field-mapping + curve-math from the VM engine.
    #[test]
    fn tricrypto_ng_build_pool_matches_onchain_get_dy() {
        let u = |s: &str| s.parse::<U256>().unwrap();
        let state = RawPoolState {
            variant: CurveVariant::TriCryptoNG,
            balances: vec![u("2466241139205"), u("4200057336"), u("1595469030050811720465")],
            token_decimals: vec![6, 8, 18],
            amp: u("1707629"),
            mid_fee: Some(u("3000000")),
            out_fee: Some(u("30000000")),
            fee_gamma: Some(u("500000000000000")),
            d: Some(u("7457948167729606869978625")),
            gamma: Some(u("11809167828997")),
            price_scale: Some(vec![u("59372627314351316239076"), u("1565715369034455123313")]),
            ..Default::default()
        };
        let pool = build_pool(&state).expect("build_pool failed");
        let dx = U256::from(1_000_000_000u64); // 1000 USDC
        assert_eq!(pool.get_amount_out(0, 1, dx), Some(u("1690920")), "USDC->WBTC");
        assert_eq!(pool.get_amount_out(0, 2, dx), Some(u("641654961086650131")), "USDC->WETH");
    }

    /// Pure check (no RPC): assemble `RawPoolState` from on-chain getter values for the legacy
    /// WETH-paired CRV/ETH TwoCryptoV1 pool (0x8301AE4f…) at block 25_401_368 and verify
    /// `build_pool().get_amount_out` reproduces on-chain `get_dy` wei-for-wei in both directions
    /// for several dx. This pool is WETH-paired → ETH solver flavour (`eth_variant = true`). The
    /// getters mirror `read_twocrypto`; `precisions()` reverts on this legacy pool, so precisions
    /// fall back to `10^(18-decimals) = [1, 1]` (both coins 18-dec).
    #[test]
    fn twocrypto_v1_eth_variant_build_pool_matches_onchain_get_dy() {
        let u = |s: &str| s.parse::<U256>().unwrap();
        let make = |eth_variant: bool| {
            build_pool(&RawPoolState {
                variant: CurveVariant::TwoCryptoV1,
                balances: vec![u("33389428640940997105"), u("1538654846140514380725767708")],
                token_decimals: vec![18, 18], // coin0 WETH, coin1 CRV
                amp: u("400000"),
                gamma: Some(u("145000000000000")),
                d: Some(u("3338917956508624293928")),
                price_scale: Some(vec![u("52805053500476")]),
                mid_fee: Some(U256::from(26_000_000u64)),
                out_fee: Some(U256::from(45_000_000u64)),
                fee_gamma: Some(u("230000000000000")),
                eth_variant: Some(eth_variant),
                ..Default::default()
            })
            .expect("build_pool")
        };
        let pool = make(true);
        // WETH(0) -> CRV(1)
        assert_eq!(
            pool.get_amount_out(0, 1, u("1000000000000000000")),
            Some(u("44131555012248406155621024")),
            "1 WETH -> CRV",
        );
        assert_eq!(
            pool.get_amount_out(0, 1, u("500000000000000000")),
            Some(u("22389351263618692591189738")),
            "0.5 WETH -> CRV",
        );
        // CRV(1) -> WETH(0)
        assert_eq!(
            pool.get_amount_out(1, 0, u("1000000000000000000000")),
            Some(u("21806963109202")),
            "1000 CRV -> WETH",
        );
        assert_eq!(
            pool.get_amount_out(1, 0, u("10000000000000000000000")),
            Some(u("218068351371449")),
            "10000 CRV -> WETH",
        );
    }

    /// A `twocrypto_factory` pool with MATH v0.1.1 is TwoCryptoStable (StableSwap math, gamma
    /// ignored), not TwoCryptoNG. Confirms which variant reproduces on-chain `get_dy`.
    #[test]
    fn twocrypto_v011_is_stable_not_ng() {
        let u = |s: &str| s.parse::<U256>().unwrap();
        let base = |variant: CurveVariant, gamma: Option<U256>| {
            build_pool(&RawPoolState {
                variant,
                balances: vec![u("250289528581622891700521"), u("179139571297")],
                token_decimals: vec![18, 6],
                amp: u("350000"),
                mid_fee: Some(u("1000000")),
                out_fee: Some(u("20000000")),
                fee_gamma: Some(u("63100000000000000")),
                d: Some(u("500000118136487176847089")),
                gamma,
                price_scale: Some(vec![u("1393944381226980604")]),
                precisions: Some(vec![u("1"), u("1000000000000")]),
                ..Default::default()
            })
            .expect("build_pool")
        };
        let dx = u("1000000000000000000"); // 1 coin0
        let stable = base(CurveVariant::TwoCryptoStable, None).get_amount_out(0, 1, dx);
        let ng =
            base(CurveVariant::TwoCryptoNG, Some(u("100000000000000"))).get_amount_out(0, 1, dx);
        eprintln!("on-chain get_dy=717271  stable={stable:?}  ng={ng:?}");
        assert_eq!(stable, Some(u("717271")), "TwoCryptoStable matches on-chain get_dy");
        assert_ne!(ng, Some(u("717271")), "TwoCryptoNG does NOT match (current misclassification)");
    }

    /// Decimals sensitivity: coin 2 is native ETH (zero address in the component). If the live env
    /// feeds wrong decimals for it, `precisions[2]` is corrupted, poisoning the invariant and all
    /// pairs. Reproduces the garbage quote pattern seen in the integration test.
    #[test]
    fn tricrypto_ng_wrong_coin2_decimals_breaks_quotes() {
        let u = |s: &str| s.parse::<U256>().unwrap();
        let make = |decimals: Vec<u8>| {
            build_pool(&RawPoolState {
                variant: CurveVariant::TriCryptoNG,
                balances: vec![u("2466241139205"), u("4200057336"), u("1595469030050811720465")],
                token_decimals: decimals,
                amp: u("1707629"),
                mid_fee: Some(u("3000000")),
                out_fee: Some(u("30000000")),
                fee_gamma: Some(u("500000000000000")),
                d: Some(u("7457948167729606869978625")),
                gamma: Some(u("11809167828997")),
                price_scale: Some(vec![u("59372627314351316239076"), u("1565715369034455123313")]),
                ..Default::default()
            })
            .expect("build_pool")
        };
        let dx_usdc = U256::from(1_000_000_000u64); // 1000 USDC
        let dx_wbtc = U256::from(13_656_795u64); // ~0.137 WBTC
        for dec2 in [18u8, 0, 6] {
            let p = make(vec![6, 8, dec2]);
            eprintln!(
                "decimals=[6,8,{dec2}]  USDC->WETH(0,2)={:?}  WBTC->USDC(1,0)={:?}",
                p.get_amount_out(0, 2, dx_usdc),
                p.get_amount_out(1, 0, dx_wbtc),
            );
        }
        // Correct decimals give a sane ~0.6 ETH out; wrong decimals corrupt the invariant and
        // blow the quote up by orders of magnitude (here ~1594 ETH for the same 1000 USDC).
        let correct_out = make(vec![6, 8, 18])
            .get_amount_out(0, 2, dx_usdc)
            .unwrap();
        let wrong_out = make(vec![6, 8, 0])
            .get_amount_out(0, 2, dx_usdc)
            .unwrap();
        assert!(correct_out > U256::from(10).pow(U256::from(17)), "correct ~0.6 ETH");
        assert!(wrong_out > correct_out * U256::from(100u64), "wrong decimals corrupt the quote");
    }

    #[test]
    #[ignore = "Requires RPC_URL to be set in environment variables or .env file"]
    fn differential_3pool_stableswap_v1() {
        // 3pool DAI(0)->USDC(1), 1 DAI.
        assert_stable_matches_onchain(
            "0xbEbc44782C7dB0a1A60Cb6fe97d0b483032FF1C7",
            CurveVariant::StableSwapV1,
            3,
            (0, 1, U256::from(1_000_000_000_000_000_000u128)),
            (21_500_000, 1_736_000_000),
        );
    }

    #[test]
    #[ignore = "Requires RPC_URL to be set in environment variables or .env file"]
    fn differential_stableswap_ng_plain() {
        // crypto_swap_ng_factory plain pool, coin 0 -> coin 1.
        assert_stable_matches_onchain(
            "0xf55b0f6f2da5ffddb104b58a60f2862745960442",
            CurveVariant::StableSwapNG,
            2,
            (0, 1, U256::from(1_000_000_000_000_000_000u128)),
            (21_500_000, 1_736_000_000),
        );
    }
}