tsink 0.8.0

A lightweight embedded time-series database with a straightforward API
Documentation

tsink

tsink is a lightweight, in-process time-series database engine for Rust applications. It stores time-series data in compressed chunks, persists immutable segment files to disk, and can replay a write-ahead log (WAL) after crashes — all without requiring an external server.

Features

  • Embedded API — no external server, network protocol, or daemon required.
  • Thread-safe — the storage handle is an Arc<dyn Storage>, safe to share across threads.
  • Multi-series model — series identity is metric name + exact label set.
  • Typed values — f64, i64, u64, bool, bytes, and string.
  • Rich queries — downsampling, aggregation (12 built-in functions), pagination, and custom bytes aggregation via the Codec/Aggregator traits.
  • Disk persistence — immutable segment files with a crash-safe commit protocol.
  • WAL durability — selectable sync mode (Periodic or PerAppend) with idempotent replay on recovery.
  • Out-of-order writes — data is returned sorted by timestamp regardless of insertion order.
  • Concurrent writers — multiple threads can insert simultaneously with sharded internal locking.
  • Optional PromQL engine — instant and range queries with 20+ built-in functions; enable with the promql Cargo feature.
  • LSM-style compaction — tiered L0 → L1 → L2 segment compaction reduces read amplification.
  • Gorilla compression — Gorilla XOR encoding for floats, delta-of-delta for timestamps, and per-type codecs for other value types.
  • cgroup-aware defaults — worker thread counts and memory limits respect container CPU/memory quotas.
  • Resource limits — configurable memory budget, series cardinality cap, and WAL size limit with admission backpressure.

Table of Contents

Installation

[dependencies]
tsink = "0.8.0"

Enable PromQL support:

[dependencies]
tsink = { version = "0.8.0", features = ["promql"] }

Enable async storage facade (dedicated worker threads, runtime-agnostic futures):

[dependencies]
tsink = { version = "0.8.0", features = ["async-storage"] }

Quick Start

use std::error::Error;
use tsink::{DataPoint, Label, Row, StorageBuilder};

fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
    let storage = StorageBuilder::new().build()?;

    storage.insert_rows(&[
        Row::new("cpu_usage", DataPoint::new(1_700_000_000, 42.5)),
        Row::new("cpu_usage", DataPoint::new(1_700_000_010, 43.1)),
        Row::with_labels(
            "http_requests",
            vec![Label::new("method", "GET"), Label::new("status", "200")],
            DataPoint::new(1_700_000_000, 120u64),
        ),
    ])?;

    // Time range is [start, end) (end-exclusive).
    let cpu = storage.select("cpu_usage", &[], 1_700_000_000, 1_700_000_100)?;
    assert_eq!(cpu.len(), 2);

    // Label order does not matter for series identity.
    let get_200 = storage.select(
        "http_requests",
        &[Label::new("status", "200"), Label::new("method", "GET")],
        1_700_000_000,
        1_700_000_100,
    )?;
    assert_eq!(get_200.len(), 1);

    storage.close()?;
    Ok(())
}

Async Usage

async-storage exposes AsyncStorage and AsyncStorageBuilder. The async API routes requests through bounded queues to dedicated worker threads, while reusing the existing synchronous engine implementation. It is runtime-agnostic — no dependency on tokio, async-std, or any specific executor.

use tsink::{AsyncStorageBuilder, DataPoint, Row};

# async fn run() -> tsink::Result<()> {
let storage = AsyncStorageBuilder::new()
    .with_queue_capacity(1024)
    .with_read_workers(4)
    .build()?;

storage
    .insert_rows(vec![Row::new("cpu", DataPoint::new(1, 42.0))])
    .await?;

let points = storage.select("cpu", vec![], 0, 10).await?;
assert_eq!(points.len(), 1);

storage.close().await?;
# Ok(())
# }

AsyncStorage also provides synchronous accessors for introspection:

Method Description
memory_used() Current in-memory usage in bytes.
memory_budget() Configured memory budget.
inner() Access the underlying Arc<dyn Storage>.
into_inner(self) Unwrap the underlying storage handle.

Server Mode (Prometheus Wire Compatible)

Experimental: tsink-server is still experimental and under development.

This workspace includes a binary crate at crates/tsink-server that runs tsink as an async network service (tokio-based) with Prometheus remote storage wire format, PromQL HTTP API, TLS, and Bearer token authentication.

Run the server:

cargo run -p tsink-server -- server --listen 127.0.0.1:9201 --data-path ./tsink-data

CLI Options

Flag Default Description
--listen <ADDR> 127.0.0.1:9201 Bind address.
--data-path <PATH> None (in-memory) Persist tsink data under PATH.
--wal-enabled <BOOL> true Enable WAL.
--no-wal — Disable WAL (shorthand).
--timestamp-precision <s|ms|us|ns> ms Timestamp precision (server defaults to milliseconds).
--retention <DURATION> 14d Data retention period (e.g. 14d, 720h).
--memory-limit <BYTES> Unlimited Memory budget (e.g. 1G, 1073741824).
--cardinality-limit <N> Unlimited Max unique series.
--chunk-points <N> 2048 Target points per chunk.
--max-writers <N> Available CPUs Concurrent writer threads.
--wal-sync-mode <MODE> periodic WAL fsync policy (per-append or periodic).
--tls-cert <PATH> — TLS certificate file (PEM). Requires --tls-key.
--tls-key <PATH> — TLS private key file (PEM). Requires --tls-cert.
--auth-token <TOKEN> — Require Bearer token on all endpoints except health probes.

Endpoints

Method Path Description
GET /healthz Health check (returns ok).
GET /ready Readiness probe (returns ready).
GET /metrics Self-monitoring metrics (Prometheus exposition format).
GET/POST /api/v1/query PromQL instant query.
GET/POST /api/v1/query_range PromQL range query.
GET /api/v1/series Series metadata (accepts match[] selectors).
GET /api/v1/labels All label names.
GET /api/v1/label/<name>/values Values for a given label.
POST /api/v1/write Prometheus remote write (protobuf + snappy).
POST /api/v1/read Prometheus remote read (protobuf + snappy).
POST /api/v1/import/prometheus Prometheus text exposition format ingestion.
GET /api/v1/status/tsdb TSDB stats (JSON).
POST /api/v1/admin/delete_series Delete series (stub, returns 501).

TLS

Provide both --tls-cert and --tls-key to enable TLS:

cargo run -p tsink-server -- server \
  --tls-cert /path/to/cert.pem \
  --tls-key /path/to/key.pem

Authentication

When --auth-token is set, all requests except GET /healthz and GET /ready must include the header Authorization: Bearer <TOKEN>. Unauthenticated requests receive a 401 Unauthorized response.

Graceful Shutdown

The server handles SIGTERM and SIGINT signals. On receipt it stops accepting new connections, waits up to 10 seconds for in-flight requests to complete, then closes storage cleanly.

PromQL HTTP API

The query endpoints follow the Prometheus HTTP API response format:

# Instant query
curl 'http://localhost:9201/api/v1/query?query=up&time=1700000000'

# Range query
curl 'http://localhost:9201/api/v1/query_range?query=up&start=1700000000&end=1700000060&step=15s'

Prometheus Integration

remote_write:
  - url: http://127.0.0.1:9201/api/v1/write

remote_read:
  - url: http://127.0.0.1:9201/api/v1/read

Text Format Ingestion

Post Prometheus exposition format text directly:

curl -X POST http://localhost:9201/api/v1/import/prometheus \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  --data-binary @metrics.txt

Query APIs

Method Description
select(metric, labels, start, end) Returns points sorted by timestamp for one series.
select_into(metric, labels, start, end, &mut buf) Same as select, but writes into a caller-provided buffer for allocation reuse.
select_all(metric, start, end) Returns grouped results for all label sets of a metric.
select_with_options(metric, QueryOptions) Supports downsampling, aggregation, custom bytes aggregation, and pagination.
list_metrics() Lists all known metric + label-set series.
list_metrics_with_wal() Like list_metrics, but also includes series only present in the WAL.
select_series(SeriesSelection) Matcher-based series discovery (=, !=, =~, !~) with optional time-window filtering.

All time ranges are half-open: [start, end).

Downsampling and Aggregation

use tsink::{Aggregation, DataPoint, QueryOptions, Row, StorageBuilder};

let storage = StorageBuilder::new().build()?;
storage.insert_rows(&[
    Row::new("cpu", DataPoint::new(1_000, 1.0)),
    Row::new("cpu", DataPoint::new(2_000, 2.0)),
    Row::new("cpu", DataPoint::new(3_000, 3.0)),
    Row::new("cpu", DataPoint::new(4_500, 1.5)),
])?;

let opts = QueryOptions::new(1_000, 5_000)
    .with_downsample(2_000, Aggregation::Avg)
    .with_pagination(0, Some(2));

let buckets = storage.select_with_options("cpu", opts)?;
assert_eq!(buckets.len(), 2);

Built-in aggregation functions: None, Sum, Min, Max, Avg, First, Last, Count, Median, Range, Variance, StdDev.

Custom Bytes Aggregation

For non-numeric data, implement the Codec and Aggregator traits to define custom aggregation logic over bytes-encoded values:

use tsink::{Codec, Aggregator, QueryOptions, Aggregation};

struct MyCodec;
impl Codec for MyCodec {
    type Item = MyStruct;
    fn encode(&self, value: &MyStruct) -> tsink::Result<Vec<u8>> { /* ... */ }
    fn decode(&self, bytes: &[u8]) -> tsink::Result<MyStruct> { /* ... */ }
}

struct MyAggregator;
impl Aggregator<MyStruct> for MyAggregator {
    fn aggregate(&self, values: &[MyStruct]) -> Option<MyStruct> { /* ... */ }
}

let opts = QueryOptions::new(start, end)
    .with_custom_bytes_aggregation(MyCodec, MyAggregator);

Series Discovery

Use select_series with matcher-based filtering to discover series dynamically:

use tsink::{SeriesSelection, SeriesMatcher};

let selection = SeriesSelection::new()
    .with_metric("http_requests")
    .with_matcher(SeriesMatcher::equal("method", "GET"))
    .with_matcher(SeriesMatcher::regex_match("status", "2.."))
    .with_time_range(start, end);

let series = storage.select_series(&selection)?;

Supported matcher operators:

Operator Constructor Description
= SeriesMatcher::equal(name, value) Exact label match.
!= SeriesMatcher::not_equal(name, value) Negated exact match.
=~ SeriesMatcher::regex_match(name, pattern) Regex label match.
!~ SeriesMatcher::regex_no_match(name, pattern) Negated regex match.

Value Model

DataPoint stores a timestamp: i64 and a value: Value.

Variant Rust type
Value::F64(f64) f64
Value::I64(i64) i64
Value::U64(u64) u64
Value::Bool(bool) bool
Value::Bytes(Vec<u8>) raw bytes
Value::String(String) UTF-8 string

Notes:

  • A series (same metric + labels) must keep a consistent value type family.
  • bytes and string data uses blob-lane encoding on disk.
  • Convenience conversions are provided: DataPoint::new(ts, 42.5) auto-converts via Into<Value>.
  • Accessor methods: value.as_f64(), value.as_i64(), value.as_u64(), value.as_bool(), value.as_bytes(), value.as_str().
  • value.kind() returns a &'static str tag: "f64", "i64", "u64", "bool", "bytes", or "string".
  • Value::F64(NAN) compares equal to itself, unlike standard f64, for consistent equality semantics in collections.

Automatic From conversions are provided for: f64, i64, i32, u64, u32, usize, bool, Vec<u8>, &[u8], String, and &str.

Label Constraints

Labels are key-value pairs that identify a series alongside the metric name. Labels are automatically sorted for consistent series identity — insertion order does not matter.

Constraint Limit
Label name length 256 bytes
Label value length 16,384 bytes (16 KB)
Metric name length 65,535 bytes

Empty label names or values are rejected. Oversized values are truncated at the marshaling boundary.

PromQL Engine

Enable with the promql feature. The engine supports instant and range queries over data stored in tsink.

use std::sync::Arc;
use tsink::{StorageBuilder, DataPoint, Row};
use tsink::promql::Engine;

let storage = StorageBuilder::new().build()?;
storage.insert_rows(&[
    Row::new("http_requests_total", DataPoint::new(1_000, 10.0)),
    Row::new("http_requests_total", DataPoint::new(2_000, 25.0)),
    Row::new("http_requests_total", DataPoint::new(3_000, 50.0)),
])?;

let engine = Engine::new(storage.clone());

// Instant query — evaluates at a single point in time.
let result = engine.instant_query("http_requests_total", 3_000)?;

// Range query — evaluates at each step across a time window.
let result = engine.range_query("http_requests_total", 1_000, 3_000, 1_000)?;

Use Engine::with_precision(storage, precision) if your timestamps are not in nanoseconds.

Supported functions:

Category Functions
Rate/counter rate, irate, increase
Over-time avg_over_time, sum_over_time, min_over_time, max_over_time, count_over_time
Math abs, ceil, floor, round, clamp, clamp_min, clamp_max
Type conversion scalar, vector
Time time, timestamp
Sorting sort, sort_desc
Label manipulation label_replace, label_join

Aggregation operators: sum, avg, min, max, count, topk, bottomk — with by/without grouping.

Binary operators: +, -, *, /, %, ^, ==, !=, <, >, <=, >=, and, or, unless — with on/ignoring vector matching and bool modifier.

Persistence and WAL

Set with_data_path(...) to enable persistence:

use std::time::Duration;
use tsink::{StorageBuilder, WalSyncMode};

let storage = StorageBuilder::new()
    .with_data_path("./tsink-data")
    .with_chunk_points(2048)
    .with_wal_enabled(true)
    .with_wal_sync_mode(WalSyncMode::Periodic(Duration::from_secs(1)))
    .build()?;

Behavior:

  • close() flushes active chunks and writes immutable segment files.
  • With WAL enabled, reopening the same path replays durable WAL frames automatically.
  • Recovery is idempotent — a high-water mark prevents double-apply of WAL frames.

Sync Modes

Mode Trade-off
WalSyncMode::Periodic(Duration) Lower fsync overhead; small recent-write loss window on crash.
WalSyncMode::PerAppend Strongest durability for acknowledged writes; higher fsync cost.

On-Disk Layout

When persistence is enabled, tsink writes separate numeric/blob lane segment families:

<data_path>/
  lane_numeric/
    segments/
      L0/...
      L1/...
      L2/...
  lane_blob/
    segments/
      L0/...
      L1/...
      L2/...
  wal/
    wal-0000000000000000.log
    wal-0000000000000001.log
    ...

Each segment directory contains: manifest.bin, chunks.bin, chunk_index.bin, series.bin, postings.bin.

The storage format uses CRC32c and XXH64 checksums for corruption detection and a crash-safe commit protocol (write temps, fsync, rename atomically).

Compaction

tsink uses tiered LSM-style compaction across three levels:

Level Trigger Description
L0 Every flush Newly flushed segments land here.
L1 4 L0 segments L0 segments are merged and re-chunked into L1.
L2 4 L1 segments L1 segments are merged into larger L2 segments.

Compaction runs automatically in the background and is transparent to reads and writes.

Compression and Encoding

tsink uses two parallel encoding lanes based on value type:

Numeric Lane

Timestamps and numeric values (f64, i64, u64, bool) are encoded with specialized codecs. The encoder tries all applicable candidates and picks the most compact.

Timestamp codecs:

Codec Strategy
Fixed-step RLE Run-length encoding for fixed-interval timestamps.
Delta-of-delta bitpack Delta-of-delta encoding with bit-packing (primary strategy).
Delta varint Varint-encoded deltas for irregular intervals.

Value codecs:

Codec Type Strategy
Gorilla XOR f64 Gorilla-style XOR of IEEE 754 floats.
Zigzag delta bitpack i64 Zigzag encoding + delta + bit-packing.
Delta bitpack u64 Delta encoding + bit-packing.
Constant RLE any numeric Run-length encoding for constant values.
Bool bitpack bool Bit-level packing (1 bit per value).

Blob Lane

bytes and string values are encoded with delta block compression in a separate blob lane.

Performance

Compression

The adaptive codec selection (Gorilla XOR, delta-of-delta, RLE, bitpacking) achieves ~0.68 bytes per data point for typical f64 time-series workloads — down from 16 bytes uncompressed (8-byte timestamp + 8-byte value), a ~23x compression ratio.

Throughput

Insert throughput (single-series, in-memory):

Batch size Latency Throughput
1 ~1.7 us ~577K points/sec
10 ~5.3 us ~1.89M points/sec
1,000 ~155 us ~6.4M points/sec

Select throughput (single-series, in-memory):

Result size Latency Throughput
1 point ~114 ns ~8.8M queries/sec
10 points ~296 ns ~33.6M points/sec
1,000 points ~15.4 us ~64M points/sec
1,000,000 points ~20.9 ms ~48M points/sec

Numbers above are ballpark figures from a single run (--quick mode). Run benchmarks on your hardware:

cargo bench
scripts/measure_bpp.sh quick   # Measure bytes-per-point
scripts/measure_perf.sh quick  # Criterion insert/select matrix

Architecture

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    Public API                       │
│   StorageBuilder / Storage / AsyncStorage / PromQL  │
├────────────┬──────────────┬─────────────────────────┤
│  Writers   │   Readers    │       Compactor         │
│ (N threads)│  (concurrent)│   (background merges)   │
├────────────┴──────────────┴─────────────────────────┤
│               Engine (partitioned by time)          │
│  ┌──────────┐  ┌──────────┐  ┌──────────┐           │
│  │ Active   │  │ Immutable│  │ Segments │           │
│  │ Chunks   │→ │ Chunks   │→ │ (L0/L1/  │           │
│  │ (memory) │  │ (memory) │  │  L2 disk)│           │
│  └──────────┘  └──────────┘  └──────────┘           │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  WAL (write-ahead log)  │  Series Registry + Index  │
└─────────────────────────┴───────────────────────────┘

Key internals:

  • Time partitions split data by wall-clock intervals (default: 1 hour).
  • Chunks group data points (default: 2048 per chunk) with delta-of-delta timestamp encoding and per-lane value encoding (numeric vs. blob).
  • Series registry maps metric name + label set → series ID, with inverted postings for label-based lookups.
  • Segment files are immutable, CRC32c + XXH64 checksummed, and consist of: manifest.bin, chunks.bin, chunk_index.bin, series.bin, postings.bin.
  • Sharded locking (64 internal shards) reduces write contention under high concurrency.
  • Background flush periodically converts active chunks into immutable chunks (default: every 250ms).
  • Background compaction merges segments across levels (default: every 5s).

StorageBuilder Options

Method Default Description
with_data_path(path) None (in-memory only) Directory for segment files and WAL.
with_chunk_points(n) 2048 Target data points per chunk before flushing.
with_wal_enabled(bool) true Enable/disable write-ahead logging.
with_wal_sync_mode(mode) Periodic(1s) WAL fsync policy.
with_wal_size_limit(bytes) Unlimited Hard cap on total WAL bytes across all WAL segments.
with_wal_buffer_size(n) 4096 WAL buffer size in bytes.
with_retention(duration) 14 days Data retention window.
with_retention_enforced(bool) true Enforce retention window (false keeps data forever).
with_timestamp_precision(p) Nanoseconds Timestamp unit (Seconds, Milliseconds, Microseconds, Nanoseconds).
with_max_writers(n) Available CPUs (cgroup-aware) Maximum concurrent writer threads.
with_write_timeout(duration) 30s Timeout for write operations.
with_partition_duration(duration) 1 hour Time partition granularity.
with_memory_limit(bytes) Unlimited Hard in-memory budget with admission backpressure before writes.
with_cardinality_limit(series) Unlimited Hard cap on total metric+label series cardinality.

Resource Limits and Backpressure

tsink provides three configurable resource limits that protect against unbounded growth:

Memory Limit

let storage = StorageBuilder::new()
    .with_memory_limit(512 * 1024 * 1024) // 512 MB
    .build()?;

When the memory budget is reached, new writes block until a background flush frees memory. This provides admission backpressure rather than OOM crashes.

Cardinality Limit

let storage = StorageBuilder::new()
    .with_cardinality_limit(100_000)
    .build()?;

Caps the total number of unique metric + label-set combinations. Writes that would create new series beyond this limit return TsinkError::CardinalityLimitExceeded.

WAL Size Limit

let storage = StorageBuilder::new()
    .with_wal_size_limit(1024 * 1024 * 1024) // 1 GB
    .build()?;

Caps the total WAL bytes on disk. Writes that would exceed this limit return TsinkError::WalSizeLimitExceeded.

Container Support

tsink automatically detects cgroup v1/v2 CPU and memory quotas when running inside containers (Docker, Kubernetes, etc.). This affects:

  • Writer thread count — defaults to available CPUs within the cgroup quota, not the host CPU count.
  • Rayon thread pool — sized to respect container limits.

Override with the TSINK_MAX_CPUS environment variable:

TSINK_MAX_CPUS=4 cargo run --example production_example

Error Handling

All fallible operations return tsink::Result<T>, which wraps TsinkError. Key error variants:

Error Cause
InvalidTimeRange start >= end in a query.
WriteTimeout Writer could not acquire a slot within the configured timeout.
MemoryBudgetExceeded Write blocked and memory budget was not freed in time.
CardinalityLimitExceeded Too many unique series.
WalSizeLimitExceeded WAL disk usage reached the configured cap.
ValueTypeMismatch Inserting a different value type into an existing series.
OutOfRetention Data point timestamp is outside the retention window.
DataCorruption Checksum mismatch during segment read.
StorageClosed Operation attempted after close() was called.

Advanced Usage

Concurrent Operations

The storage handle is Arc-based and safe to share across threads:

use std::sync::Arc;
use std::thread;
use tsink::{DataPoint, Row, StorageBuilder};

let storage = StorageBuilder::new()
    .with_max_writers(8)
    .build()?;

let mut handles = vec![];
for worker_id in 0..8 {
    let storage = storage.clone();
    handles.push(thread::spawn(move || {
        for i in 0..10_000 {
            let row = Row::new(
                format!("worker_{worker_id}"),
                DataPoint::new(1_700_000_000 + i, i as f64),
            );
            storage.insert_rows(&[row]).unwrap();
        }
    }));
}

for handle in handles {
    handle.join().unwrap();
}

Out-of-Order Writes

tsink accepts data points in any order and returns them sorted by timestamp on read:

use tsink::{DataPoint, Row};

storage.insert_rows(&[
    Row::new("metric", DataPoint::new(1_700_000_500, 5.0)),
    Row::new("metric", DataPoint::new(1_700_000_100, 1.0)),
    Row::new("metric", DataPoint::new(1_700_000_300, 3.0)),
    Row::new("metric", DataPoint::new(1_700_000_200, 2.0)),
])?;

let points = storage.select("metric", &[], 1_700_000_000, 1_700_001_000)?;
// points are returned in chronological order: 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0
assert!(points.windows(2).all(|w| w[0].timestamp <= w[1].timestamp));

WAL Recovery

After a crash, tsink automatically replays the WAL on the next open:

use tsink::StorageBuilder;

// First run — data is written and WAL-protected
let storage = StorageBuilder::new()
    .with_data_path("/data/tsink")
    .build()?;
storage.insert_rows(&rows)?;
// Crash happens here — close() was never called

// Next run — recovery is automatic
let storage = StorageBuilder::new()
    .with_data_path("/data/tsink")  // Same path
    .build()?;  // WAL replay happens here

// Previously inserted data is available
let points = storage.select("metric", &[], 0, i64::MAX)?;

Recovery is idempotent — a high-water mark ensures WAL frames are never applied twice.

Multi-Dimensional Label Querying

use tsink::{DataPoint, Label, Row};

storage.insert_rows(&[
    Row::with_labels(
        "http_requests",
        vec![Label::new("method", "GET"), Label::new("status", "200")],
        DataPoint::new(1_700_000_000, 150.0),
    ),
    Row::with_labels(
        "http_requests",
        vec![Label::new("method", "POST"), Label::new("status", "201")],
        DataPoint::new(1_700_000_000, 25.0),
    ),
])?;

// Query all label combinations for a metric
let all_results = storage.select_all("http_requests", 1_700_000_000, 1_700_000_100)?;
for (labels, points) in all_results {
    println!("Labels: {:?}, Points: {}", labels, points.len());
}

// Discover all known series
let all_series = storage.list_metrics()?;
for series in all_series {
    println!("Metric: {}, Labels: {:?}", series.name, series.labels);
}

Production Configuration

use std::time::Duration;
use tsink::{StorageBuilder, WalSyncMode, TimestampPrecision};

let storage = StorageBuilder::new()
    .with_data_path("/var/lib/tsink")
    .with_timestamp_precision(TimestampPrecision::Milliseconds)
    .with_retention(Duration::from_secs(30 * 24 * 3600))        // 30 days
    .with_partition_duration(Duration::from_secs(6 * 3600))     // 6-hour partitions
    .with_chunk_points(4096)
    .with_max_writers(16)
    .with_write_timeout(Duration::from_secs(60))
    .with_memory_limit(1024 * 1024 * 1024)                      // 1 GB
    .with_cardinality_limit(500_000)
    .with_wal_sync_mode(WalSyncMode::Periodic(Duration::from_secs(1)))
    .with_wal_buffer_size(16384)                                // 16 KB
    .build()?;

Examples

cargo run --example basic_usage
cargo run --example persistent_storage
cargo run --example production_example
cargo run --example comprehensive
Example Description
basic_usage Simple insert and select with labels.
persistent_storage Disk persistence and WAL recovery.
production_example Resource limits, query options, and custom aggregation.
comprehensive Multiple features: concurrent ops, retention, downsampling, and aggregation.

Benchmarks and Tests

cargo test                          # Run all tests
cargo test --features promql        # Include PromQL tests
cargo test --features async-storage # Include async tests

cargo bench                         # Run all benchmarks
cargo bench --bench storage_benchmarks -- '^concurrent_rw/' --quick --noplot

Benchmark Suites

Benchmark Description
storage_benchmarks Criterion-based matrix of insert/select operations at various scales.
workload Realistic workload simulation with multiple series, out-of-order writes, and bytes-per-point measurement.

Development Scripts

Script Description
scripts/measure_perf.sh <quick|full> Run Criterion benchmarks with quick or full sample sizes.
scripts/measure_bpp.sh <quick|full> Measure bytes-per-point compression efficiency.
scripts/check_bench_regression.sh [threshold] Detect Criterion benchmark regressions beyond a threshold (default: 50%).

The measure_bpp.sh script accepts environment variables for workload tuning:

Variable Description
TSINK_ACTIVE_SERIES Number of concurrent series.
TSINK_WARMUP_POINTS / TSINK_MEASURE_POINTS Points ingested during warmup and measurement phases.
TSINK_BATCH_SIZE Insert batch size.
TSINK_OOO_MAX_SECONDS / TSINK_OOO_PERMILLE Out-of-order write tuning.
TSINK_RETENTION_SECONDS / TSINK_PARTITION_SECONDS Retention and partition windows.
TSINK_FAIL_ON_TARGET Fail if compression target is not met.

Project Structure

tsink/
├── src/
│   ├── lib.rs                  # Public API re-exports
│   ├── storage.rs              # Storage trait and StorageBuilder
│   ├── value.rs                # Value types, Codec, Aggregator traits
│   ├── label.rs                # Label handling and marshaling
│   ├── error.rs                # TsinkError and Result type
│   ├── wal.rs                  # WalSyncMode
│   ├── async_storage.rs        # Async facade (feature-gated)
│   ├── cgroup.rs               # Container resource detection
│   ├── concurrency.rs          # Concurrency primitives
│   ├── mmap.rs                 # Memory-mapped I/O
│   ├── engine/
│   │   ├── engine.rs           # Core storage engine
│   │   ├── compactor.rs        # LSM compaction
│   │   ├── segment.rs          # Segment file I/O
│   │   ├── chunk.rs            # Chunk structures
│   │   ├── encoder.rs          # Compression codecs
│   │   ├── query.rs            # Query execution
│   │   ├── series_registry.rs  # Series tracking and indexing
│   │   ├── index.rs            # Index structures
│   │   └── wal.rs              # WAL implementation
│   └── promql/                 # PromQL engine (feature-gated)
│       ├── ast.rs              # Abstract syntax tree
│       ├── lexer.rs            # Tokenizer
│       ├── parser.rs           # Parser
│       └── eval/               # Evaluation engine
├── crates/
│   └── tsink-server/           # Prometheus-compatible network server
├── tests/                      # Integration tests
├── benches/                    # Criterion benchmarks
├── examples/                   # Usage examples
└── scripts/                    # Development and CI scripts

Contributing

Contributions are welcome! Please feel free to submit a Pull Request.

git clone https://github.com/h2337/tsink.git
cd tsink

cargo test                    # Run tests
cargo test --features promql  # Include PromQL tests
cargo bench                   # Run benchmarks
cargo fmt -- --check          # Check formatting
cargo clippy -- -D warnings   # Lint

Minimum Supported Rust Version

Rust 2021 edition. Tested on stable.

License

MIT