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//! Hyperbolic and inverse hyperbolic functions: `sinh`, `cosh`, `tanh`, `asinh`, `acosh`, `atanh`
#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
use crate::backends::avx2::Avx2Backend;
#[cfg(any(target_arch = "aarch64", target_arch = "arm"))]
use crate::backends::neon::NeonBackend;
use crate::backends::scalar::ScalarBackend;
#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
use crate::backends::sse2::Sse2Backend;
#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
use crate::backends::wasm::WasmBackend;
use crate::backends::VectorBackend;
use crate::vector::Vector;
use crate::{Backend, Result, TruenoError};
impl Vector<f32> {
/// Computes the hyperbolic sine (sinh) of each element.
///
/// # Mathematical Definition
///
/// sinh(x) = (e^x - e^(-x)) / 2
///
/// # Properties
///
/// - Domain: (-∞, +∞)
/// - Range: (-∞, +∞)
/// - Odd function: sinh(-x) = -sinh(x)
/// - sinh(0) = 0
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
/// use trueno::Vector;
///
/// let v = Vector::from_slice(&[0.0, 1.0, -1.0]);
/// let result = v.sinh()?;
/// assert!((result.as_slice()[0] - 0.0).abs() < 1e-5);
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub fn sinh(&self) -> Result<Vector<f32>> {
let sinh_data: Vec<f32> = self.data.iter().map(|x| x.sinh()).collect();
Ok(Vector { data: sinh_data, backend: self.backend })
}
/// Computes the hyperbolic cosine (cosh) of each element.
///
/// # Mathematical Definition
///
/// cosh(x) = (e^x + e^(-x)) / 2
///
/// # Properties
///
/// - Domain: (-∞, +∞)
/// - Range: [1, +∞)
/// - Even function: cosh(-x) = cosh(x)
/// - cosh(0) = 1
/// - Always positive: cosh(x) ≥ 1 for all x
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
/// use trueno::Vector;
///
/// let v = Vector::from_slice(&[0.0, 1.0, -1.0]);
/// let result = v.cosh()?;
/// assert!((result.as_slice()[0] - 1.0).abs() < 1e-5);
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub fn cosh(&self) -> Result<Vector<f32>> {
let cosh_data: Vec<f32> = self.data.iter().map(|x| x.cosh()).collect();
Ok(Vector { data: cosh_data, backend: self.backend })
}
/// Computes the hyperbolic tangent (tanh) of each element.
///
/// # Mathematical Definition
///
/// tanh(x) = sinh(x) / cosh(x) = (e^x - e^(-x)) / (e^x + e^(-x))
///
/// # Properties
///
/// - Domain: (-∞, +∞)
/// - Range: (-1, 1)
/// - Odd function: tanh(-x) = -tanh(x)
/// - tanh(0) = 0
/// - Bounded: -1 < tanh(x) < 1 for all x
/// - Commonly used as activation function in neural networks
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
/// use trueno::Vector;
///
/// let v = Vector::from_slice(&[0.0, 1.0, -1.0]);
/// let result = v.tanh()?;
/// assert!((result.as_slice()[0] - 0.0).abs() < 1e-5);
/// // All values are in range (-1, 1)
/// assert!(result.as_slice().iter().all(|&x| x > -1.0 && x < 1.0));
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub fn tanh(&self) -> Result<Vector<f32>> {
if self.data.is_empty() {
return Err(TruenoError::EmptyVector);
}
// OpComplexity::Low - GPU threshold: >100K elements
#[cfg(all(feature = "gpu", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
const GPU_THRESHOLD: usize = usize::MAX; // GPU DISABLED - 2-800x slower, see docs/performance-analysis.md
// Try GPU first for large vectors
#[cfg(all(feature = "gpu", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
{
if self.data.len() >= GPU_THRESHOLD {
use crate::backends::gpu::GpuDevice;
if GpuDevice::is_available() {
let gpu = GpuDevice::new().map_err(TruenoError::InvalidInput)?;
let mut result = vec![0.0; self.data.len()];
if gpu.tanh(&self.data, &mut result).is_ok() {
return Ok(Vector::from_vec(result));
}
}
}
}
// Uninit: backend writes every element before any read.
let n = self.len();
let mut result: Vec<f32> = Vec::with_capacity(n);
// SAFETY: Backend writes all elements before any read.
unsafe {
result.set_len(n);
}
// Dispatch to appropriate SIMD backend
// SAFETY: Unsafe block delegates to backend implementation which maintains safety invariants
unsafe {
match self.backend {
Backend::Scalar => {
ScalarBackend::tanh(&self.data, &mut result);
}
#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
Backend::SSE2 | Backend::AVX => {
Sse2Backend::tanh(&self.data, &mut result);
}
#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
Backend::AVX2 | Backend::AVX512 => {
Avx2Backend::tanh(&self.data, &mut result);
}
#[cfg(not(target_arch = "x86_64"))]
Backend::SSE2 | Backend::AVX | Backend::AVX2 | Backend::AVX512 => {
ScalarBackend::tanh(&self.data, &mut result);
}
#[cfg(any(target_arch = "aarch64", target_arch = "arm"))]
Backend::NEON => {
NeonBackend::tanh(&self.data, &mut result);
}
#[cfg(not(any(target_arch = "aarch64", target_arch = "arm")))]
Backend::NEON => {
ScalarBackend::tanh(&self.data, &mut result);
}
#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
Backend::WasmSIMD => {
WasmBackend::tanh(&self.data, &mut result);
}
#[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
Backend::WasmSIMD => {
ScalarBackend::tanh(&self.data, &mut result);
}
Backend::GPU | Backend::Auto => {
// Auto should have been resolved at Vector creation
// GPU falls back to best available SIMD
#[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
{
if is_x86_feature_detected!("avx2") {
Avx2Backend::tanh(&self.data, &mut result);
} else {
Sse2Backend::tanh(&self.data, &mut result);
}
}
#[cfg(not(target_arch = "x86_64"))]
{
ScalarBackend::tanh(&self.data, &mut result);
}
}
}
}
Ok(Vector { data: result, backend: self.backend })
}
/// Computes the inverse hyperbolic sine (asinh) of each element.
///
/// # Mathematical Definition
///
/// asinh(x) = ln(x + sqrt(x² + 1))
///
/// # Properties
///
/// - Domain: (-∞, +∞)
/// - Range: (-∞, +∞)
/// - Odd function: asinh(-x) = -asinh(x)
/// - asinh(0) = 0
/// - Inverse of sinh: asinh(sinh(x)) = x
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
/// use trueno::Vector;
///
/// let v = Vector::from_slice(&[0.0, 1.0, -1.0]);
/// let result = v.asinh()?;
/// assert!((result.as_slice()[0] - 0.0).abs() < 1e-5);
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub fn asinh(&self) -> Result<Vector<f32>> {
let asinh_data: Vec<f32> = self.data.iter().map(|x| x.asinh()).collect();
Ok(Vector { data: asinh_data, backend: self.backend })
}
/// Computes the inverse hyperbolic cosine (acosh) of each element.
///
/// # Mathematical Definition
///
/// acosh(x) = ln(x + sqrt(x² - 1))
///
/// # Properties
///
/// - Domain: [1, +∞)
/// - Range: [0, +∞)
/// - acosh(1) = 0
/// - Inverse of cosh: acosh(cosh(x)) = x for x >= 0
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
/// use trueno::Vector;
///
/// let v = Vector::from_slice(&[1.0, 2.0, 3.0]);
/// let result = v.acosh()?;
/// assert!((result.as_slice()[0] - 0.0).abs() < 1e-5);
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub fn acosh(&self) -> Result<Vector<f32>> {
let acosh_data: Vec<f32> = self.data.iter().map(|x| x.acosh()).collect();
Ok(Vector { data: acosh_data, backend: self.backend })
}
/// Computes the inverse hyperbolic tangent (atanh) of each element.
///
/// Domain: (-1, 1)
/// Range: (-∞, +∞)
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
/// use trueno::Vector;
///
/// let v = Vector::from_slice(&[0.0, 0.5, -0.5]);
/// let result = v.atanh()?;
/// // atanh(0) = 0, atanh(0.5) ≈ 0.549, atanh(-0.5) ≈ -0.549
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub fn atanh(&self) -> Result<Vector<f32>> {
let atanh_data: Vec<f32> = self.data.iter().map(|x| x.atanh()).collect();
Ok(Vector { data: atanh_data, backend: self.backend })
}
}