trino-rust-client 0.9.2

A trino client library
Documentation
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use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};

use backon::ExponentialBuilder;
use backon::Retryable;
use http::header::{ACCEPT_ENCODING, USER_AGENT};
use http::StatusCode;
use iterable::*;
use log::*;
use reqwest::header::HeaderValue;
use reqwest::{RequestBuilder, Response, Url};
use tokio::sync::RwLock;
use tokio::time::Duration;

use crate::auth::Auth;
use crate::build_dataset;
use crate::error::TrinoRetryResult;
use crate::error::{Error, Result};
use crate::header::*;
use crate::models::QueryResultData;
#[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
use crate::models::SpooledData;
use crate::selected_role::SelectedRole;
use crate::session::{Session, SessionBuilder};
#[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
use crate::spooling::decompress_segment_bytes;
#[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
use crate::spooling::{SegmentFetcher, SpoolingEncoding};
use crate::ssl::Ssl;
use crate::transaction::TransactionId;
use crate::{DataSet, QueryResult, Row, Trino};

// TODO:
// allow_redirects
// proxies

pub struct Client {
    client: reqwest::Client,
    session: RwLock<Session>,
    auth: Option<Auth>,
    max_attempt: usize,
    url: Url,
    #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
    segment_fetcher: SegmentFetcher,
}

pub struct ClientBuilder {
    session: SessionBuilder,
    auth: Option<Auth>,
    max_attempt: usize,
    ssl: Option<Ssl>,
    no_verify: bool,
    #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
    segment_fetcher: Option<SegmentFetcher>,
    #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
    max_concurrent_segments: Option<usize>,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct ExecuteResult {
    pub output_uri: Option<String>,
    pub update_type: Option<String>,
    pub update_count: Option<u64>,
}

impl ClientBuilder {
    pub fn new(user: impl ToString, host: impl ToString) -> Self {
        let builder = SessionBuilder::new(user, host);
        Self {
            session: builder,
            auth: None,
            max_attempt: 3,
            ssl: None,
            no_verify: false,
            #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
            segment_fetcher: None,
            #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
            max_concurrent_segments: None,
        }
    }

    pub fn port(mut self, s: u16) -> Self {
        self.session.port = s;
        self
    }

    pub fn secure(mut self, s: bool) -> Self {
        self.session.secure = s;
        self
    }

    pub fn no_verify(mut self, nv: bool) -> Self {
        self.no_verify = nv;
        self
    }

    pub fn source(mut self, s: impl ToString) -> Self {
        self.session.source = s.to_string();
        self
    }

    pub fn trace_token(mut self, s: impl ToString) -> Self {
        self.session.trace_token = Some(s.to_string());
        self
    }

    pub fn client_tags(mut self, s: HashSet<String>) -> Self {
        self.session.client_tags = s;
        self
    }

    pub fn client_tag(mut self, s: impl ToString) -> Self {
        self.session.client_tags.insert(s.to_string());
        self
    }

    pub fn client_info(mut self, s: impl ToString) -> Self {
        self.session.client_info = Some(s.to_string());
        self
    }

    pub fn catalog(mut self, s: impl ToString) -> Self {
        self.session.catalog = Some(s.to_string());
        self
    }

    pub fn schema(mut self, s: impl ToString) -> Self {
        self.session.schema = Some(s.to_string());
        self
    }

    pub fn path(mut self, s: impl ToString) -> Self {
        self.session.path = Some(s.to_string());
        self
    }

    pub fn resource_estimates(mut self, s: HashMap<String, String>) -> Self {
        self.session.resource_estimates = s;
        self
    }

    pub fn resource_estimate(mut self, k: impl ToString, v: impl ToString) -> Self {
        self.session
            .resource_estimates
            .insert(k.to_string(), v.to_string());
        self
    }

    pub fn properties(mut self, s: HashMap<String, String>) -> Self {
        self.session.properties = s;
        self
    }

    pub fn property(mut self, k: impl ToString, v: impl ToString) -> Self {
        self.session.properties.insert(k.to_string(), v.to_string());
        self
    }

    pub fn prepared_statements(mut self, s: HashMap<String, String>) -> Self {
        self.session.prepared_statements = s;
        self
    }

    pub fn prepared_statement(mut self, k: impl ToString, v: impl ToString) -> Self {
        self.session
            .prepared_statements
            .insert(k.to_string(), v.to_string());
        self
    }

    pub fn extra_credentials(mut self, s: HashMap<String, String>) -> Self {
        self.session.extra_credentials = s;
        self
    }

    pub fn extra_credential(mut self, k: impl ToString, v: impl ToString) -> Self {
        self.session
            .extra_credentials
            .insert(k.to_string(), v.to_string());
        self
    }

    pub fn transaction_id(mut self, s: TransactionId) -> Self {
        self.session.transaction_id = s;
        self
    }

    pub fn client_request_timeout(mut self, s: Duration) -> Self {
        self.session.client_request_timeout = s;
        self
    }

    pub fn compression_disabled(mut self, s: bool) -> Self {
        self.session.compression_disabled = s;
        self
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
    pub fn segment_fetcher(mut self, segment_fetcher: SegmentFetcher) -> Self {
        self.segment_fetcher = Some(segment_fetcher);
        self
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
    /// Set the maximum number of concurrent segment fetches
    /// Default is based on available CPU parallelism (minimum 1)
    pub fn max_concurrent_segments(mut self, count: usize) -> Self {
        self.max_concurrent_segments = Some(count);
        self
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
    /// Set the spooling encoding format. Supported values: "json", "json+zstd", "json+lz4".
    /// Defaults to "json+zstd" if not specified.
    pub fn spooling_encoding(mut self, encoding: impl ToString) -> Self {
        let encoding_str = encoding.to_string();

        match SpoolingEncoding::try_from(encoding_str.as_str()) {
            Ok(_) => {
                self.session.spooling_encoding = Some(encoding_str);
            }
            Err(_) => {
                log::warn!(
                    "Invalid spooling encoding '{}', using default 'json+zstd'. Valid values: json, json+zstd, json+lz4",
                    encoding_str
                );
                self.session.spooling_encoding = Some("json+zstd".to_string());
            }
        }

        self
    }

    ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    pub fn auth(mut self, s: Auth) -> Self {
        self.auth = Some(s);
        self
    }

    pub fn max_attempt(mut self, s: usize) -> Self {
        self.max_attempt = s;
        self
    }

    pub fn ssl(mut self, ssl: Ssl) -> Self {
        self.ssl = Some(ssl);
        self
    }

    #[allow(clippy::result_large_err)]
    pub fn build(self) -> Result<Client> {
        let session = self.session.build()?;
        let max_attempt = self.max_attempt;

        if self.auth.is_some() && session.url.scheme() == "http" {
            return Err(Error::BasicAuthWithHttp);
        }

        let mut client_builder =
            reqwest::ClientBuilder::new().timeout(session.client_request_timeout);

        if self.no_verify {
            client_builder = client_builder.danger_accept_invalid_certs(true);
        }

        if let Some(ssl) = &self.ssl {
            if let Some(root) = &ssl.root_cert {
                client_builder = client_builder.add_root_certificate(root.0.clone());
            }
        }

        let client = client_builder.build()?;

        #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
        let segment_fetcher = self.segment_fetcher.unwrap_or_else(|| {
            let mut fetcher = SegmentFetcher::new(client.clone());
            if let Some(max_concurrent) = self.max_concurrent_segments {
                fetcher = fetcher.with_max_concurrent(max_concurrent);
            }
            fetcher
        });

        let cli = Client {
            auth: self.auth,
            url: session.url.clone(),
            session: RwLock::new(session),
            client,
            max_attempt,
            #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
            segment_fetcher,
        };

        Ok(cli)
    }
}

fn add_prepare_header(mut builder: RequestBuilder, session: &Session) -> RequestBuilder {
    //FIXME : set trino user from jwt ?
    builder = builder.header(HEADER_USER, &session.user);
    // TODO: difference with session.source?
    builder = builder.header(USER_AGENT, "trino-rust-client");
    if session.compression_disabled {
        builder = builder.header(ACCEPT_ENCODING, "identity")
    }
    builder
}

fn add_session_header(mut builder: RequestBuilder, session: &Session) -> RequestBuilder {
    builder = add_prepare_header(builder, session);
    builder = builder.header(HEADER_SOURCE, &session.source);

    if let Some(v) = &session.trace_token {
        builder = builder.header(HEADER_TRACE_TOKEN, v);
    }

    if !session.client_tags.is_empty() {
        builder = builder.header(HEADER_CLIENT_TAGS, session.client_tags.by_ref().join(","));
    }

    if let Some(v) = &session.client_info {
        builder = builder.header(HEADER_CLIENT_INFO, v);
    }

    if let Some(v) = &session.catalog {
        builder = builder.header(HEADER_CATALOG, v);
    }

    if let Some(v) = &session.schema {
        builder = builder.header(HEADER_SCHEMA, v);
    }

    if let Some(v) = &session.path {
        builder = builder.header(HEADER_PATH, v);
    }
    if let Some(v) = &session.timezone {
        builder = builder.header(HEADER_TIME_ZONE, v.to_string())
    }
    // TODO: add locale
    builder = add_header_map(builder, HEADER_SESSION, &session.properties);
    builder = add_header_map(
        builder,
        HEADER_RESOURCE_ESTIMATE,
        &session.resource_estimates,
    );
    builder = add_header_map(
        builder,
        HEADER_ROLE,
        &session
            .roles
            .by_ref()
            .map_kv(|(k, v)| (k.to_string(), v.to_string())),
    );
    builder = add_header_map(builder, HEADER_EXTRA_CREDENTIAL, &session.extra_credentials);
    builder = add_header_map(
        builder,
        HEADER_PREPARED_STATEMENT,
        &session.prepared_statements,
    );
    builder = builder.header(HEADER_TRANSACTION, session.transaction_id.to_str());
    builder = builder.header(HEADER_CLIENT_CAPABILITIES, "PATH,PARAMETRIC_DATETIME");

    // Add spooling header when feature is enabled
    #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
    {
        if let Some(encoding) = &session.spooling_encoding {
            builder = builder.header(HEADER_SPOOLING, encoding);
        }
    }

    builder
}

fn add_header_map<'a>(
    mut builder: RequestBuilder,
    header: &str,
    map: impl IntoIterator<Item = (&'a String, &'a String)>,
) -> RequestBuilder {
    for (k, v) in map {
        let kv = encode_kv(k, v);
        builder = builder.header(header, kv);
    }
    builder
}

macro_rules! set_header {
    ($session:expr, $header:expr, $resp:expr) => {
        set_header!($session, $header, $resp, |x: &str| Some(Some(
            x.to_string()
        )));
    };

    ($session:expr, $header:expr, $resp:expr, $from_str:expr) => {
        if let Some(v) = $resp.headers().get($header) {
            match v.to_str() {
                Ok(s) => {
                    if let Some(s) = $from_str(s) {
                        $session = s;
                    }
                }
                Err(e) => warn!("parse header {} failed, reason: {}", $header, e),
            }
        }
    };
}

macro_rules! clear_header {
    ($session:expr, $header:expr, $resp:expr) => {
        if let Some(_) = $resp.headers().get($header) {
            $session = Default::default();
        }
    };
}

macro_rules! set_header_map {
    ($session:expr, $header:expr, $resp:expr) => {
        set_header_map!($session, $header, $resp, |x: &str| Some(x.to_string()));
    };
    ($session:expr, $header:expr, $resp:expr, $from_str:expr) => {
        for v in $resp.headers().get_all($header) {
            if let Some((k, v)) = decode_kv_from_header(v) {
                if let Some(v) = $from_str(&v) {
                    $session.insert(k, v);
                }
            } else {
                warn!("decode '{:?}' failed", v)
            }
        }
    };
}

macro_rules! clear_header_map {
    ($session:expr, $header:expr, $resp:expr) => {
        for v in $resp.headers().get_all($header) {
            match v.to_str() {
                Ok(s) => {
                    $session.remove(s);
                }
                Err(e) => warn!("parse header {} failed, reason: {}", $header, e),
            }
        }
    };
}

fn need_retry(e: &Error) -> bool {
    match e {
        Error::HttpError(e) => e.status() == Some(StatusCode::SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE),
        Error::HttpNotOk(code, _) => code == &StatusCode::SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE,
        _ => false,
    }
}

impl Client {
    pub async fn get_all<T>(&self, sql: String) -> Result<DataSet<T>>
    where
        T: Trino + 'static,
        for<'de> T: serde::Deserialize<'de> + serde::Serialize,
    {
        let res = self.get_retry(sql).await?;

        // Store columns from responses (used for Direct protocol DataSet construction)
        let mut columns = res.columns;

        match res.data {
            Some(QueryResultData::Direct(rows)) => {
                // Direct protocol: accumulate Vec<T>, convert to DataSet at the end
                let mut all_rows = rows;

                let mut next = res.next_uri;
                while let Some(url) = &next {
                    let mut res = self.get_next_retry(url).await?;
                    next = res.next_uri;

                    // Collect columns from any response that has them
                    if columns.is_none() {
                        columns = res.columns.take();
                    }

                    if let Some(error) = res.error {
                        if error.error_code == 4 {
                            return Err(Error::Forbidden {
                                message: error.message,
                            });
                        } else {
                            return Err(Error::InternalError(format!(
                                "Query failed with {} (error code {}): {}",
                                error.error_name, error.error_code, error.message
                            )));
                        }
                    }

                    if let Some(data) = res.data {
                        match data {
                            QueryResultData::Direct(rows) => {
                                all_rows.extend(rows);
                            }
                            #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
                            QueryResultData::Spooled(_) => {
                                return Err(Error::InternalError(
                                    "Cannot mix Direct and Spooled protocols in same query".to_string(),
                                ));
                            }
                            #[cfg(not(feature = "spooling"))]
                            QueryResultData::Spooled(_) => {
                                return Err(Error::InternalError(
                                    "Server sent spooled data but 'spooling' feature is not enabled. \
                                     Add features = [\"spooling\"] to your trino-rust-client dependency in Cargo.toml.".to_string(),
                                ));
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                build_dataset(all_rows, columns)
            }
            #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
            Some(QueryResultData::Spooled(spooled)) => {
                let mut dataset = self
                    .fetch_spooled_data::<T>(spooled, columns.clone())
                    .await?;

                let mut next = res.next_uri;
                while let Some(url) = &next {
                    let mut res = self.get_next_retry::<T>(url).await?;
                    next = res.next_uri;

                    if columns.is_none() {
                        columns = res.columns.take();
                    }

                    if let Some(error) = res.error {
                        if error.error_code == 4 {
                            return Err(Error::Forbidden {
                                message: error.message,
                            });
                        } else {
                            return Err(Error::InternalError(format!(
                                "Query failed with {} (error code {}): {}",
                                error.error_name, error.error_code, error.message
                            )));
                        }
                    }

                    if let Some(data) = res.data {
                        match data {
                            QueryResultData::Direct(_) => {
                                return Err(Error::InternalError(
                                    "Cannot mix Direct and Spooled protocols in same query".to_string(),
                                ));
                            }
                            QueryResultData::Spooled(spooled) => {
                                log::info!("🗄️  Received SPOOLED protocol data - fetching from S3/MinIO");
                                let cols_for_spooled = columns.clone().or_else(|| res.columns.take());
                                let next_dataset = self
                                    .fetch_spooled_data::<T>(spooled, cols_for_spooled)
                                    .await?;
                                dataset.merge(next_dataset);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                Ok(dataset)
            }
            #[cfg(not(feature = "spooling"))]
            Some(QueryResultData::Spooled(_)) => {
                Err(Error::InternalError(
                    "Server sent spooled data but 'spooling' feature is not enabled. \
                     Add features = [\"spooling\"] to your trino-rust-client dependency in Cargo.toml.".to_string(),
                ))
            }
            None => {
                // No initial data, wait for next response to detect protocol
                let mut next = res.next_uri;
                let mut protocol_detected = false;
                let mut all_rows: Vec<T> = Vec::new();
                #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
                let mut dataset: Option<DataSet<T>> = None;

                while let Some(url) = &next {
                    let mut res = self.get_next_retry::<T>(url).await?;
                    next = res.next_uri;

                    if columns.is_none() {
                        columns = res.columns.take();
                    }

                    if let Some(error) = res.error {
                        if error.error_code == 4 {
                            return Err(Error::Forbidden {
                                message: error.message,
                            });
                        } else {
                            return Err(Error::InternalError(format!(
                                "Query failed with {} (error code {}): {}",
                                error.error_name, error.error_code, error.message
                            )));
                        }
                    }

                    if let Some(data) = res.data {
                        match data {
                            QueryResultData::Direct(rows) => {
                                if !protocol_detected {
                                    protocol_detected = true;
                                }
                                all_rows.extend(rows);
                            }
                            #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
                            QueryResultData::Spooled(spooled) => {
                                if !protocol_detected {
                                    protocol_detected = true;
                                    let cols_for_spooled = columns.clone().or_else(|| res.columns.take());
                                    dataset = Some(self.fetch_spooled_data::<T>(spooled, cols_for_spooled).await?);
                                } else {
                                    let cols_for_spooled = columns.clone().or_else(|| res.columns.take());
                                    let next_dataset = self.fetch_spooled_data::<T>(spooled, cols_for_spooled).await?;
                                    if let Some(ref mut ds) = dataset {
                                        ds.merge(next_dataset);
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                            #[cfg(not(feature = "spooling"))]
                            QueryResultData::Spooled(_) => {
                                return Err(Error::InternalError(
                                    "Server sent spooled data but 'spooling' feature is not enabled. \
                                     Add features = [\"spooling\"] to your trino-rust-client dependency in Cargo.toml.".to_string(),
                                ));
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
                if let Some(ds) = dataset {
                    Ok(ds)
                } else if !all_rows.is_empty() {
                    build_dataset(all_rows, columns)
                } else {
                    Err(Error::EmptyData)
                }
                #[cfg(not(feature = "spooling"))]
                if !all_rows.is_empty() {
                    build_dataset(all_rows, columns)
                } else {
                    Err(Error::EmptyData)
                }
            }
        }
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
    async fn fetch_spooled_data<T: Trino + 'static>(
        &self,
        spooled: SpooledData,
        columns: Option<Vec<crate::models::Column>>,
    ) -> Result<DataSet<T>> {
        let segment_bytes = self
            .segment_fetcher
            .fetch_segments(spooled.segments)
            .await?;

        let dataset = self.decode_segments::<T>(&spooled.encoding, segment_bytes, columns)?;

        Ok(dataset)
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "spooling")]
    #[allow(clippy::result_large_err)]
    fn decode_segments<T: Trino + 'static>(
        &self,
        encoding: &str,
        segment_bytes: Vec<Vec<u8>>,
        columns: Option<Vec<crate::models::Column>>,
    ) -> Result<DataSet<T>> {
        let cols = columns.ok_or_else(|| {
            Error::InternalError("Column metadata required for spooling protocol".to_string())
        })?;

        let mut all_rows: Vec<Vec<serde_json::Value>> = Vec::new();

        let encoding = SpoolingEncoding::try_from(encoding).map_err(|e| {
            Error::InternalError(format!(
                "Failed to parse encoding: {}. Only 'json' based formats are supported.",
                e
            ))
        })?;

        for bytes in segment_bytes {
            let json_str = decompress_segment_bytes(&bytes, &encoding)?;

            let mut rows: Vec<Vec<serde_json::Value>> =
                serde_json::from_str(&json_str).map_err(|e| {
                    Error::InternalError(format!("Failed to parse segment JSON: {}", e))
                })?;

            all_rows.append(&mut rows);
        }

        let json_obj = serde_json::json!({
            "columns": cols,
            "data": all_rows
        });

        let dataset: DataSet<T> = serde_json::from_value(json_obj)
            .map_err(|e| Error::InternalError(format!("Failed to deserialize DataSet: {}", e)))?;

        Ok(dataset)
    }

    /**
     * Execute a SQL statement and return the result.
     * If the TRINO query returns an error, the method returns an error of type `Error::TrinoError`
     * @param sql The SQL statement to execute
     * @return Result<ExecuteResult> The result of the execution
     * */
    pub async fn execute(&self, sql: String) -> Result<ExecuteResult> {
        // try the sql first
        let res = self.get_retry::<Row>(sql).await?;

        let mut next = res.next_uri;
        let mut final_uri = next.clone();

        // Trino attempts several times to execute a query before marking it as failed.
        // At the end, retrieve the URL of the last request to get the result
        while let Some(url) = &next {
            let res = self.get_next_retry::<Row>(url).await?;

            let next_uri = res.next_uri;

            // If next_uri is not None, update final_uri
            if next_uri.is_some() {
                final_uri = next_uri.clone();
            }
            next = next_uri;
        }

        let url = final_uri.ok_or_else(|| {
            Error::InternalError("No next URI available for execution result".to_string())
        })?;

        // Parse the final URI to get TrinoRetryResult
        let result = self.try_get_retry_result(&url).await?;

        if let Some(error) = result.error {
            return Err(error.into());
        }

        Ok(ExecuteResult {
            output_uri: None,
            update_type: result.update_type,
            update_count: result.update_count,
        })
    }

    async fn try_get_retry_result(&self, url: &str) -> Result<TrinoRetryResult> {
        let response = self.client.get(url).send().await?;

        let result = response.json::<TrinoRetryResult>().await?;

        Ok(result)
    }

    fn retry_policy(&self) -> ExponentialBuilder {
        ExponentialBuilder::default()
            .with_max_times(self.max_attempt)
            .with_max_delay(Duration::from_secs(2))
    }

    async fn get_retry<T>(&self, sql: String) -> Result<QueryResult<T>>
    where
        T: Trino + 'static,
        for<'de> T: serde::Deserialize<'de>,
    {
        let result = || async { self.get::<T>(sql.clone()).await };

        result.retry(self.retry_policy()).when(need_retry).await
    }

    async fn get_next_retry<T>(&self, url: &str) -> Result<QueryResult<T>>
    where
        T: Trino + 'static,
        for<'de> T: serde::Deserialize<'de>,
    {
        let result = || async { self.get_next(url).await };

        result.retry(self.retry_policy()).when(need_retry).await
    }

    pub async fn get<T>(&self, sql: String) -> Result<QueryResult<T>>
    where
        T: Trino + 'static,
        for<'de> T: serde::Deserialize<'de>,
    {
        let req = self
            .client
            .post(format!("{}v1/statement", self.url))
            .body(sql);
        let req = {
            let session = self.session.read().await;
            add_session_header(req, &session)
        };

        let req = self.auth_req(req);
        self.send(req, StatusCode::OK, |resp| async {
            let text = resp.text().await?;

            let data: QueryResult<T> = serde_json::from_str(&text)
                .map_err(|e| Error::InternalError(format!("Failed to parse response: {}", e)))?;
            Ok(data)
        })
        .await
    }

    pub async fn get_next<T>(&self, url: &str) -> Result<QueryResult<T>>
    where
        T: Trino + 'static,
        for<'de> T: serde::Deserialize<'de>,
    {
        let req = self.client.get(url);
        let req = {
            let session = self.session.read().await;
            add_prepare_header(req, &session)
        };

        let req = self.auth_req(req);
        self.send(req, StatusCode::OK, |resp| async {
            let text = resp.text().await?;
            let data: QueryResult<T> = serde_json::from_str(&text)
                .map_err(|e| Error::InternalError(format!("Failed to parse response: {}", e)))?;
            Ok(data)
        })
        .await
    }

    pub async fn cancel(&self, query_id: &str) -> Result<()> {
        let url = format!("{}v1/query/{}", self.url, query_id);
        let req = self.client.delete(url);
        let req = {
            let session = self.session.read().await;
            add_prepare_header(req, &session)
        };

        let req = self.auth_req(req);
        self.send(req, StatusCode::NO_CONTENT, |_| async { Ok(()) })
            .await
    }

    fn auth_req(&self, req: RequestBuilder) -> RequestBuilder {
        if let Some(auth) = self.auth.as_ref() {
            match auth {
                Auth::Basic(u, p) => req.basic_auth(u, p.as_ref()),
                Auth::Jwt(t) => req.bearer_auth(t),
            }
        } else {
            req
        }
    }

    async fn send<R, F, Fut>(
        &self,
        req: RequestBuilder,
        expected_status: StatusCode,
        handle_response: F,
    ) -> Result<R>
    where
        F: FnOnce(Response) -> Fut,
        Fut: std::future::Future<Output = Result<R>>,
    {
        let resp = req.send().await?;
        let status = resp.status();
        if status != expected_status {
            let data = resp.text().await.unwrap_or("".to_string());
            Err(Error::HttpNotOk(status, data))
        } else {
            self.update_session(&resp).await;
            handle_response(resp).await
        }
    }

    async fn update_session(&self, resp: &Response) {
        let mut session = self.session.write().await;

        set_header!(session.catalog, HEADER_SET_CATALOG, resp);
        set_header!(session.schema, HEADER_SET_SCHEMA, resp);
        set_header!(session.path, HEADER_SET_PATH, resp);

        set_header_map!(session.properties, HEADER_SET_SESSION, resp);
        clear_header_map!(session.properties, HEADER_CLEAR_SESSION, resp);

        set_header_map!(session.roles, HEADER_SET_ROLE, resp, SelectedRole::from_str);

        set_header_map!(session.prepared_statements, HEADER_ADDED_PREPARE, resp);
        clear_header_map!(
            session.prepared_statements,
            HEADER_DEALLOCATED_PREPARE,
            resp
        );

        set_header!(
            session.transaction_id,
            HEADER_STARTED_TRANSACTION_ID,
            resp,
            TransactionId::from_str
        );
        clear_header!(session.transaction_id, HEADER_CLEAR_TRANSACTION_ID, resp);
    }
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// helper functions

fn encode_kv(k: &str, v: &str) -> String {
    url::form_urlencoded::Serializer::new(String::new())
        .append_pair(k, v)
        .finish()
}

fn decode_kv_from_header(input: &HeaderValue) -> Option<(String, String)> {
    let kvs = url::form_urlencoded::parse(input.as_bytes()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
    if kvs.is_empty() {
        None
    } else {
        Some((kvs[0].0.to_string(), kvs[0].1.to_string()))
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use reqwest::header::HeaderValue;

    use crate::client::decode_kv_from_header;

    #[test]
    fn test_decode_kv_from_header_plus_sign_to_space() {
        let header_value = HeaderValue::from_static("statement=show+tables");
        let result = decode_kv_from_header(&header_value);
        assert!(result.is_some());
        let (key, value) = result.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(key, "statement");
        assert_eq!(value, "show tables");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_decode_kv_from_header_percent_encoding() {
        let header_value = HeaderValue::from_static("statement=show%20tables");
        let result = decode_kv_from_header(&header_value);
        assert!(result.is_some());
        let (key, value) = result.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(key, "statement");
        assert_eq!(value, "show tables");
    }
}