torsh-fx 0.1.2

Graph-based model representation and transformation for ToRSh
Documentation
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//! Python Integration Module for ToRSh FX
//!
//! This module provides comprehensive Python bindings and PyTorch interoperability
//! for the ToRSh FX graph framework, enabling seamless integration with Python ML ecosystems.

use crate::{FxGraph, Node, Result};
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::path::Path;

/// Python binding configuration
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct PythonBindingConfig {
    pub module_name: String,
    pub class_name: String,
    pub include_torch_integration: bool,
    pub include_jax_integration: bool,
    pub include_numpy_integration: bool,
    pub generate_type_hints: bool,
    pub async_execution: bool,
}

/// PyTorch model metadata
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct PyTorchModelMetadata {
    pub model_name: String,
    pub version: String,
    pub framework_version: String,
    pub input_shapes: HashMap<String, Vec<i64>>,
    pub output_shapes: HashMap<String, Vec<i64>>,
    pub parameter_count: u64,
    pub model_size_mb: f64,
    pub training_info: Option<TrainingInfo>,
}

/// Training metadata information
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct TrainingInfo {
    pub dataset: String,
    pub epochs: u32,
    pub learning_rate: f64,
    pub optimizer: String,
    pub loss_function: String,
    pub accuracy: Option<f64>,
    pub validation_accuracy: Option<f64>,
}

/// Python code generation options
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct PythonCodeGenOptions {
    pub target_framework: PythonFramework,
    pub include_inference_only: bool,
    pub include_training_code: bool,
    pub optimize_for_mobile: bool,
    pub include_onnx_export: bool,
    pub batch_size_optimization: bool,
    pub memory_optimization: bool,
}

/// Supported Python ML frameworks
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
pub enum PythonFramework {
    PyTorch,
    TensorFlow,
    JAX,
    Flax,
    NumPy,
    ONNX,
    TensorRT,
    OpenVINO,
}

/// Python deployment target
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
pub enum PythonDeploymentTarget {
    Local,
    Docker,
    CloudFunction,
    FastAPI,
    Flask,
    Streamlit,
    Gradio,
    JupyterNotebook,
    ColabNotebook,
}

/// Generated Python code structure
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct GeneratedPythonCode {
    pub main_module: String,
    pub model_class: String,
    pub inference_script: String,
    pub training_script: Option<String>,
    pub requirements_txt: String,
    pub setup_py: String,
    pub dockerfile: Option<String>,
    pub deployment_script: Option<String>,
}

/// Python integration service
pub struct PythonIntegrationService {
    config: PythonBindingConfig,
    codegen_options: PythonCodeGenOptions,
    model_registry: HashMap<String, PyTorchModelMetadata>,
}

impl PythonIntegrationService {
    /// Create a new Python integration service
    pub fn new(config: PythonBindingConfig, codegen_options: PythonCodeGenOptions) -> Self {
        Self {
            config,
            codegen_options,
            model_registry: HashMap::new(),
        }
    }

    /// Convert FxGraph to PyTorch model
    pub fn graph_to_pytorch(
        &self,
        graph: &FxGraph,
        metadata: PyTorchModelMetadata,
    ) -> Result<GeneratedPythonCode> {
        let model_class = self.generate_pytorch_model_class(graph, &metadata)?;
        let inference_script = self.generate_inference_script(graph, &metadata)?;
        let training_script = if self.codegen_options.include_training_code {
            Some(self.generate_training_script(graph, &metadata)?)
        } else {
            None
        };

        let requirements = self.generate_requirements_txt()?;
        let setup_py = self.generate_setup_py(&metadata)?;
        let dockerfile = if matches!(
            self.codegen_options.target_framework,
            PythonFramework::PyTorch
        ) {
            Some(self.generate_dockerfile(&metadata)?)
        } else {
            None
        };

        Ok(GeneratedPythonCode {
            main_module: format!("{}_{}.py", self.config.module_name, metadata.model_name),
            model_class,
            inference_script,
            training_script,
            requirements_txt: requirements,
            setup_py,
            dockerfile,
            deployment_script: self.generate_deployment_script(&metadata).ok(),
        })
    }

    /// Import PyTorch model to FxGraph
    pub fn pytorch_to_graph(
        &mut self,
        model_path: &Path,
        metadata: PyTorchModelMetadata,
    ) -> Result<FxGraph> {
        // Parse PyTorch model and convert to FxGraph
        let mut graph = FxGraph::new();

        // Register model in registry
        self.model_registry
            .insert(metadata.model_name.clone(), metadata.clone());

        // Simulate model import process
        self.parse_pytorch_state_dict(&mut graph, model_path)?;
        self.parse_pytorch_architecture(&mut graph, &metadata)?;
        self.optimize_imported_graph(&mut graph)?;

        Ok(graph)
    }

    /// Generate Python bindings for FxGraph
    pub fn generate_python_bindings(&self, graph: &FxGraph, class_name: &str) -> Result<String> {
        let mut bindings = String::new();

        // Add imports
        bindings.push_str(&self.generate_python_imports()?);
        bindings.push_str("\n\n");

        // Add main class
        bindings.push_str(&format!("class {}:\n", class_name));
        bindings.push_str(
            "    \"\"\"PyTorch-compatible model generated from ToRSh FX graph.\"\"\"\n\n",
        );

        // Add constructor
        bindings.push_str(&self.generate_constructor(graph)?);
        bindings.push_str("\n");

        // Add forward method
        bindings.push_str(&self.generate_forward_method(graph)?);
        bindings.push_str("\n");

        // Add utility methods
        bindings.push_str(&self.generate_utility_methods(graph)?);

        Ok(bindings)
    }

    /// Export graph for specific Python deployment target
    pub fn export_for_deployment(
        &self,
        graph: &FxGraph,
        target: PythonDeploymentTarget,
        metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata,
    ) -> Result<DeploymentPackage> {
        match target {
            PythonDeploymentTarget::FastAPI => self.generate_fastapi_deployment(graph, metadata),
            PythonDeploymentTarget::Flask => self.generate_flask_deployment(graph, metadata),
            PythonDeploymentTarget::Streamlit => {
                self.generate_streamlit_deployment(graph, metadata)
            }
            PythonDeploymentTarget::Docker => self.generate_docker_deployment(graph, metadata),
            PythonDeploymentTarget::CloudFunction => {
                self.generate_cloud_function_deployment(graph, metadata)
            }
            PythonDeploymentTarget::JupyterNotebook => {
                self.generate_jupyter_deployment(graph, metadata)
            }
            PythonDeploymentTarget::ColabNotebook => {
                self.generate_colab_deployment(graph, metadata)
            }
            _ => self.generate_local_deployment(graph, metadata),
        }
    }

    /// Generate JAX/Flax code from FxGraph
    pub fn graph_to_jax(&self, graph: &FxGraph, metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata) -> Result<String> {
        let mut jax_code = String::new();

        jax_code.push_str("import jax\nimport jax.numpy as jnp\nfrom flax import linen as nn\nfrom typing import Any\n\n");

        jax_code.push_str(&format!("class {}Model(nn.Module):\n", metadata.model_name));
        jax_code.push_str("    \"\"\"JAX/Flax model generated from ToRSh FX graph.\"\"\"\n\n");

        jax_code.push_str("    def setup(self):\n");
        jax_code.push_str(&self.generate_jax_layers(graph)?);

        jax_code.push_str("\n    def __call__(self, x):\n");
        jax_code.push_str(&self.generate_jax_forward(graph)?);

        Ok(jax_code)
    }

    /// Optimize graph for Python deployment
    pub fn optimize_for_python_deployment(&self, graph: &mut FxGraph) -> Result<()> {
        if self.codegen_options.batch_size_optimization {
            self.optimize_batch_operations(graph)?;
        }

        if self.codegen_options.memory_optimization {
            self.optimize_memory_usage(graph)?;
        }

        if self.codegen_options.optimize_for_mobile {
            self.optimize_for_mobile_deployment(graph)?;
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    // Private helper methods
    fn generate_pytorch_model_class(
        &self,
        graph: &FxGraph,
        metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata,
    ) -> Result<String> {
        let mut class_code = String::new();

        class_code.push_str("import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.nn.functional as F\nfrom typing import Dict, List, Tuple, Optional\n\n");

        class_code.push_str(&format!("class {}(nn.Module):\n", metadata.model_name));
        class_code.push_str("    \"\"\"PyTorch model generated from ToRSh FX graph.\"\"\"\n\n");

        class_code.push_str("    def __init__(self):\n");
        class_code.push_str("        super().__init__()\n");
        class_code.push_str(&self.generate_pytorch_layers(graph)?);

        class_code.push_str("\n    def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:\n");
        class_code.push_str(&self.generate_pytorch_forward(graph)?);

        class_code.push_str("\n    def get_model_info(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:\n");
        class_code.push_str("        \"\"\"Return model metadata information.\"\"\"\n");
        class_code.push_str(&format!("        return {{\n"));
        class_code.push_str(&format!("            'name': '{}',\n", metadata.model_name));
        class_code.push_str(&format!("            'version': '{}',\n", metadata.version));
        class_code.push_str(&format!(
            "            'parameter_count': {},\n",
            metadata.parameter_count
        ));
        class_code.push_str(&format!(
            "            'model_size_mb': {:.2},\n",
            metadata.model_size_mb
        ));
        class_code.push_str("        }\n");

        Ok(class_code)
    }

    fn generate_inference_script(
        &self,
        _graph: &FxGraph,
        metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata,
    ) -> Result<String> {
        let mut script = String::new();

        script.push_str("#!/usr/bin/env python3\n");
        script.push_str("\"\"\"Inference script for ToRSh FX generated model.\"\"\"\n\n");

        script.push_str("import torch\nimport numpy as np\nfrom pathlib import Path\nimport argparse\nfrom typing import Union, List\n\n");

        script.push_str(&format!(
            "from {} import {}\n\n",
            self.config.module_name, metadata.model_name
        ));

        script.push_str("def load_model(model_path: str) -> torch.nn.Module:\n");
        script.push_str("    \"\"\"Load the trained model.\"\"\"\n");
        script.push_str(&format!("    model = {}()\n", metadata.model_name));
        script.push_str("    if Path(model_path).exists():\n");
        script.push_str(
            "        model.load_state_dict(torch.load(model_path, map_location='cpu'))\n",
        );
        script.push_str("    model.eval()\n");
        script.push_str("    return model\n\n");

        script.push_str("def run_inference(model: torch.nn.Module, input_data: Union[np.ndarray, torch.Tensor]) -> np.ndarray:\n");
        script.push_str("    \"\"\"Run inference on input data.\"\"\"\n");
        script.push_str("    if isinstance(input_data, np.ndarray):\n");
        script.push_str("        input_tensor = torch.from_numpy(input_data).float()\n");
        script.push_str("    else:\n");
        script.push_str("        input_tensor = input_data\n\n");

        script.push_str("    with torch.no_grad():\n");
        script.push_str("        output = model(input_tensor)\n");
        script.push_str("        return output.numpy()\n\n");

        script.push_str("if __name__ == '__main__':\n");
        script
            .push_str("    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Run model inference')\n");
        script.push_str("    parser.add_argument('--model-path', required=True, help='Path to model weights')\n");
        script.push_str(
            "    parser.add_argument('--input-path', required=True, help='Path to input data')\n",
        );
        script.push_str("    parser.add_argument('--output-path', default='output.npy', help='Output file path')\n");
        script.push_str("    args = parser.parse_args()\n\n");

        script.push_str("    # Load model and run inference\n");
        script.push_str("    model = load_model(args.model_path)\n");
        script.push_str("    input_data = np.load(args.input_path)\n");
        script.push_str("    output = run_inference(model, input_data)\n");
        script.push_str("    np.save(args.output_path, output)\n");
        script.push_str("    print(f'Inference complete. Output saved to {args.output_path}')\n");

        Ok(script)
    }

    fn generate_training_script(
        &self,
        _graph: &FxGraph,
        metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata,
    ) -> Result<String> {
        let mut script = String::new();

        script.push_str("#!/usr/bin/env python3\n");
        script.push_str("\"\"\"Training script for ToRSh FX generated model.\"\"\"\n\n");

        script.push_str("import torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.optim as optim\nfrom torch.utils.data import DataLoader\nimport numpy as np\nfrom pathlib import Path\nimport argparse\nfrom tqdm import tqdm\n\n");

        script.push_str(&format!(
            "from {} import {}\n\n",
            self.config.module_name, metadata.model_name
        ));

        script.push_str("def train_model(model: nn.Module, train_loader: DataLoader, \n");
        script.push_str("               val_loader: DataLoader, epochs: int = 10, \n");
        script.push_str("               lr: float = 0.001, device: str = 'cpu') -> nn.Module:\n");
        script.push_str("    \"\"\"Train the model.\"\"\"\n");
        script.push_str("    model = model.to(device)\n");
        script.push_str("    criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()\n");
        script.push_str("    optimizer = optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=lr)\n");
        script.push_str(
            "    scheduler = optim.lr_scheduler.StepLR(optimizer, step_size=7, gamma=0.1)\n\n",
        );

        script.push_str("    for epoch in range(epochs):\n");
        script.push_str("        model.train()\n");
        script.push_str("        running_loss = 0.0\n");
        script.push_str("        correct = 0\n");
        script.push_str("        total = 0\n\n");

        script
            .push_str("        for batch_idx, (data, targets) in enumerate(tqdm(train_loader)):\n");
        script.push_str("            data, targets = data.to(device), targets.to(device)\n");
        script.push_str("            optimizer.zero_grad()\n");
        script.push_str("            outputs = model(data)\n");
        script.push_str("            loss = criterion(outputs, targets)\n");
        script.push_str("            loss.backward()\n");
        script.push_str("            optimizer.step()\n\n");

        script.push_str("            running_loss += loss.item()\n");
        script.push_str("            _, predicted = outputs.max(1)\n");
        script.push_str("            total += targets.size(0)\n");
        script.push_str("            correct += predicted.eq(targets).sum().item()\n\n");

        script.push_str("        train_acc = 100. * correct / total\n");
        script.push_str("        val_acc = validate_model(model, val_loader, device)\n");
        script.push_str("        scheduler.step()\n\n");

        script.push_str("        print(f'Epoch {epoch+1}/{epochs}: '\n");
        script.push_str("              f'Loss: {running_loss/len(train_loader):.4f}, '\n");
        script.push_str("              f'Train Acc: {train_acc:.2f}%, '\n");
        script.push_str("              f'Val Acc: {val_acc:.2f}%')\n\n");

        script.push_str("    return model\n\n");

        script.push_str(
            "def validate_model(model: nn.Module, val_loader: DataLoader, device: str) -> float:\n",
        );
        script.push_str("    \"\"\"Validate the model.\"\"\"\n");
        script.push_str("    model.eval()\n");
        script.push_str("    correct = 0\n");
        script.push_str("    total = 0\n\n");

        script.push_str("    with torch.no_grad():\n");
        script.push_str("        for data, targets in val_loader:\n");
        script.push_str("            data, targets = data.to(device), targets.to(device)\n");
        script.push_str("            outputs = model(data)\n");
        script.push_str("            _, predicted = outputs.max(1)\n");
        script.push_str("            total += targets.size(0)\n");
        script.push_str("            correct += predicted.eq(targets).sum().item()\n\n");

        script.push_str("    return 100. * correct / total\n");

        Ok(script)
    }

    fn generate_requirements_txt(&self) -> Result<String> {
        let mut requirements = String::new();

        requirements.push_str("# Core ML dependencies\n");
        requirements.push_str("torch>=2.0.0\n");
        requirements.push_str("torchvision>=0.15.0\n");
        requirements.push_str("numpy>=1.21.0\n");

        if self.config.include_jax_integration {
            requirements.push_str("jax>=0.4.0\n");
            requirements.push_str("flax>=0.7.0\n");
        }

        requirements.push_str("\n# Utilities\n");
        requirements.push_str("tqdm>=4.64.0\n");
        requirements.push_str("Pillow>=9.0.0\n");
        requirements.push_str("matplotlib>=3.5.0\n");

        if self.codegen_options.include_onnx_export {
            requirements.push_str("onnx>=1.12.0\n");
            requirements.push_str("onnxruntime>=1.12.0\n");
        }

        requirements.push_str("\n# Development\n");
        requirements.push_str("pytest>=7.0.0\n");
        requirements.push_str("black>=22.0.0\n");
        requirements.push_str("isort>=5.10.0\n");

        Ok(requirements)
    }

    fn generate_setup_py(&self, metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata) -> Result<String> {
        let mut setup = String::new();

        setup.push_str("from setuptools import setup, find_packages\n\n");

        setup.push_str("setup(\n");
        setup.push_str(&format!(
            "    name='{}',\n",
            metadata.model_name.to_lowercase()
        ));
        setup.push_str(&format!("    version='{}',\n", metadata.version));
        setup.push_str("    description='ToRSh FX generated PyTorch model',\n");
        setup.push_str("    author='ToRSh FX',\n");
        setup.push_str("    packages=find_packages(),\n");
        setup.push_str("    install_requires=[\n");
        setup.push_str("        'torch>=2.0.0',\n");
        setup.push_str("        'torchvision>=0.15.0',\n");
        setup.push_str("        'numpy>=1.21.0',\n");
        setup.push_str("        'tqdm>=4.64.0',\n");
        setup.push_str("    ],\n");
        setup.push_str("    python_requires='>=3.8',\n");
        setup.push_str("    classifiers=[\n");
        setup.push_str("        'Development Status :: 4 - Beta',\n");
        setup.push_str("        'Intended Audience :: Developers',\n");
        setup.push_str("        'License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License',\n");
        setup.push_str("        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8',\n");
        setup.push_str("        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9',\n");
        setup.push_str("        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10',\n");
        setup.push_str("        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11',\n");
        setup.push_str("    ],\n");
        setup.push_str(")\n");

        Ok(setup)
    }

    fn generate_dockerfile(&self, metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata) -> Result<String> {
        let mut dockerfile = String::new();

        dockerfile.push_str("FROM python:3.9-slim\n\n");

        dockerfile.push_str("WORKDIR /app\n\n");

        dockerfile.push_str("# Install system dependencies\n");
        dockerfile.push_str("RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \\\n");
        dockerfile.push_str("    build-essential \\\n");
        dockerfile.push_str("    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*\n\n");

        dockerfile.push_str("# Copy requirements and install Python dependencies\n");
        dockerfile.push_str("COPY requirements.txt .\n");
        dockerfile.push_str("RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt\n\n");

        dockerfile.push_str("# Copy application code\n");
        dockerfile.push_str("COPY . .\n\n");

        dockerfile.push_str("# Set environment variables\n");
        dockerfile.push_str("ENV PYTHONPATH=/app\n");
        dockerfile.push_str(&format!("ENV MODEL_NAME={}\n", metadata.model_name));

        dockerfile.push_str("\n# Expose port for serving\n");
        dockerfile.push_str("EXPOSE 8000\n\n");

        dockerfile.push_str("# Default command\n");
        dockerfile.push_str("CMD [\"python\", \"inference.py\"]\n");

        Ok(dockerfile)
    }

    fn generate_deployment_script(&self, metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata) -> Result<String> {
        let mut script = String::new();

        script.push_str("#!/bin/bash\n");
        script.push_str("# Deployment script for ToRSh FX generated model\n\n");

        script.push_str("set -e\n\n");

        script.push_str(&format!("MODEL_NAME={}\n", metadata.model_name));
        script.push_str(&format!("VERSION={}\n", metadata.version));

        script.push_str("\necho \"Deploying $MODEL_NAME version $VERSION\"\n\n");

        script.push_str("# Build Docker image\n");
        script.push_str("docker build -t $MODEL_NAME:$VERSION .\n\n");

        script.push_str("# Tag for registry\n");
        script.push_str("docker tag $MODEL_NAME:$VERSION $REGISTRY/$MODEL_NAME:$VERSION\n");
        script.push_str("docker tag $MODEL_NAME:$VERSION $REGISTRY/$MODEL_NAME:latest\n\n");

        script.push_str("# Push to registry\n");
        script.push_str("docker push $REGISTRY/$MODEL_NAME:$VERSION\n");
        script.push_str("docker push $REGISTRY/$MODEL_NAME:latest\n\n");

        script.push_str("echo \"Deployment complete!\"\n");

        Ok(script)
    }

    fn generate_python_imports(&self) -> Result<String> {
        let mut imports = String::new();

        imports.push_str("import torch\n");
        imports.push_str("import torch.nn as nn\n");
        imports.push_str("import torch.nn.functional as F\n");
        imports.push_str("import numpy as np\n");
        imports.push_str("from typing import Dict, List, Tuple, Optional, Union, Any\n");

        if self.config.include_jax_integration {
            imports.push_str("import jax\n");
            imports.push_str("import jax.numpy as jnp\n");
            imports.push_str("from flax import linen as nn_jax\n");
        }

        if self.config.include_numpy_integration {
            imports.push_str("from scipy import optimize\n");
            imports.push_str(
                "from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score, precision_score, recall_score\n",
            );
        }

        Ok(imports)
    }

    fn generate_constructor(&self, graph: &FxGraph) -> Result<String> {
        let mut constructor = String::new();

        constructor.push_str("    def __init__(self):\n");
        constructor.push_str("        super().__init__()\n");
        constructor.push_str("        # Initialize layers from FxGraph\n");

        // Analyze graph nodes and generate corresponding layers
        for (idx, node) in graph.nodes() {
            match node {
                Node::Call(op_name, _) => match op_name.as_str() {
                    "conv2d" => {
                        constructor.push_str(&format!(
                            "        self.conv_{} = nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=3, padding=1)\n",
                            idx.index()
                        ));
                    }
                    "linear" | "matmul" => {
                        constructor.push_str(&format!(
                            "        self.linear_{} = nn.Linear(512, 10)\n",
                            idx.index()
                        ));
                    }
                    "relu" => {
                        constructor
                            .push_str(&format!("        self.relu_{} = nn.ReLU()\n", idx.index()));
                    }
                    "dropout" => {
                        constructor.push_str(&format!(
                            "        self.dropout_{} = nn.Dropout(0.5)\n",
                            idx.index()
                        ));
                    }
                    _ => {
                        constructor.push_str(&format!(
                            "        # {} operation at node {}\n",
                            op_name,
                            idx.index()
                        ));
                    }
                },
                _ => {}
            }
        }

        Ok(constructor)
    }

    fn generate_forward_method(&self, graph: &FxGraph) -> Result<String> {
        let mut forward = String::new();

        forward.push_str("    def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:\n");
        forward.push_str("        \"\"\"Forward pass through the network.\"\"\"\n");

        // Generate forward pass logic based on graph structure
        let mut tensor_vars = HashMap::new();
        tensor_vars.insert("input".to_string(), "x".to_string());

        for (idx, node) in graph.nodes() {
            let var_name = format!("x_{}", idx.index());

            match node {
                Node::Input(_) => {
                    forward.push_str(&format!("        {} = x  # Input node\n", var_name));
                    tensor_vars.insert(format!("node_{}", idx.index()), var_name.clone());
                }
                Node::Call(op_name, args) => {
                    let input_var = if let Some(arg) = args.first() {
                        tensor_vars.get(arg).unwrap_or(&"x".to_string()).clone()
                    } else {
                        "x".to_string()
                    };

                    match op_name.as_str() {
                        "conv2d" => {
                            forward.push_str(&format!(
                                "        {} = self.conv_{}({})\n",
                                var_name,
                                idx.index(),
                                input_var
                            ));
                        }
                        "relu" => {
                            forward.push_str(&format!(
                                "        {} = F.relu({})\n",
                                var_name, input_var
                            ));
                        }
                        "linear" | "matmul" => {
                            forward.push_str(&format!(
                                "        {} = self.linear_{}({})\n",
                                var_name,
                                idx.index(),
                                input_var
                            ));
                        }
                        "dropout" => {
                            forward.push_str(&format!(
                                "        {} = self.dropout_{}({})\n",
                                var_name,
                                idx.index(),
                                input_var
                            ));
                        }
                        "softmax" => {
                            forward.push_str(&format!(
                                "        {} = F.softmax({}, dim=1)\n",
                                var_name, input_var
                            ));
                        }
                        _ => {
                            forward.push_str(&format!(
                                "        {} = {}  # {} operation\n",
                                var_name, input_var, op_name
                            ));
                        }
                    }

                    tensor_vars.insert(format!("node_{}", idx.index()), var_name.clone());
                }
                Node::Output => {
                    forward.push_str(&format!("        return {}  # Output node\n", var_name));
                }
                _ => {}
            }
        }

        // If no explicit output node, return the last computed tensor
        if !forward.contains("return") {
            forward.push_str("        return x  # Default return\n");
        }

        Ok(forward)
    }

    fn generate_utility_methods(&self, _graph: &FxGraph) -> Result<String> {
        let mut methods = String::new();

        methods.push_str("    def save_model(self, path: str) -> None:\n");
        methods.push_str("        \"\"\"Save model state dict.\"\"\"\n");
        methods.push_str("        torch.save(self.state_dict(), path)\n\n");

        methods.push_str("    def load_model(self, path: str) -> None:\n");
        methods.push_str("        \"\"\"Load model state dict.\"\"\"\n");
        methods.push_str("        self.load_state_dict(torch.load(path, map_location='cpu'))\n\n");

        methods.push_str("    def count_parameters(self) -> int:\n");
        methods.push_str("        \"\"\"Count total trainable parameters.\"\"\"\n");
        methods.push_str(
            "        return sum(p.numel() for p in self.parameters() if p.requires_grad)\n\n",
        );

        methods.push_str(
            "    def export_onnx(self, path: str, input_shape: Tuple[int, ...]) -> None:\n",
        );
        methods.push_str("        \"\"\"Export model to ONNX format.\"\"\"\n");
        methods.push_str("        dummy_input = torch.randn(1, *input_shape)\n");
        methods.push_str("        torch.onnx.export(self, dummy_input, path, \n");
        methods.push_str("                         export_params=True, opset_version=11,\n");
        methods.push_str("                         do_constant_folding=True)\n");

        Ok(methods)
    }

    fn generate_pytorch_layers(&self, graph: &FxGraph) -> Result<String> {
        let mut layers = String::new();

        for (idx, node) in graph.nodes() {
            if let Node::Call(op_name, _) = node {
                match op_name.as_str() {
                    "conv2d" => {
                        layers.push_str(&format!(
                            "        self.conv_{} = nn.Conv2d(3, 64, 3, padding=1)\n",
                            idx.index()
                        ));
                    }
                    "linear" | "matmul" => {
                        layers.push_str(&format!(
                            "        self.fc_{} = nn.Linear(512, 256)\n",
                            idx.index()
                        ));
                    }
                    "batchnorm" => {
                        layers.push_str(&format!(
                            "        self.bn_{} = nn.BatchNorm2d(64)\n",
                            idx.index()
                        ));
                    }
                    "dropout" => {
                        layers.push_str(&format!(
                            "        self.dropout_{} = nn.Dropout(0.5)\n",
                            idx.index()
                        ));
                    }
                    _ => {}
                }
            }
        }

        Ok(layers)
    }

    fn generate_pytorch_forward(&self, graph: &FxGraph) -> Result<String> {
        let mut forward = String::new();

        for (idx, node) in graph.nodes() {
            if let Node::Call(op_name, _) = node {
                match op_name.as_str() {
                    "conv2d" => {
                        forward.push_str(&format!("        x = self.conv_{}(x)\n", idx.index()));
                    }
                    "relu" => {
                        forward.push_str("        x = F.relu(x)\n");
                    }
                    "linear" | "matmul" => {
                        forward.push_str(&format!("        x = self.fc_{}(x)\n", idx.index()));
                    }
                    "softmax" => {
                        forward.push_str("        x = F.softmax(x, dim=1)\n");
                    }
                    _ => {
                        forward.push_str(&format!("        # {} operation\n", op_name));
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        forward.push_str("        return x\n");
        Ok(forward)
    }

    fn generate_jax_layers(&self, graph: &FxGraph) -> Result<String> {
        let mut layers = String::new();

        for (idx, node) in graph.nodes() {
            if let Node::Call(op_name, _) = node {
                match op_name.as_str() {
                    "conv2d" => {
                        layers.push_str(&format!(
                            "        self.conv_{} = nn.Conv(64, (3, 3))\n",
                            idx.index()
                        ));
                    }
                    "linear" | "matmul" => {
                        layers.push_str(&format!(
                            "        self.dense_{} = nn.Dense(256)\n",
                            idx.index()
                        ));
                    }
                    _ => {}
                }
            }
        }

        Ok(layers)
    }

    fn generate_jax_forward(&self, graph: &FxGraph) -> Result<String> {
        let mut forward = String::new();

        for (idx, node) in graph.nodes() {
            if let Node::Call(op_name, _) = node {
                match op_name.as_str() {
                    "conv2d" => {
                        forward.push_str(&format!("        x = self.conv_{}(x)\n", idx.index()));
                    }
                    "relu" => {
                        forward.push_str("        x = nn.relu(x)\n");
                    }
                    "linear" | "matmul" => {
                        forward.push_str(&format!("        x = self.dense_{}(x)\n", idx.index()));
                    }
                    _ => {}
                }
            }
        }

        forward.push_str("        return x\n");
        Ok(forward)
    }

    fn parse_pytorch_state_dict(&self, _graph: &mut FxGraph, model_path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
        // Parse PyTorch state dict from .pt or .pth file
        // In a real implementation, this would use a PyTorch format parser
        // For now, we validate the file exists

        use std::fs;

        // Check if the model file exists
        if !model_path.exists() {
            return Err(torsh_core::error::TorshError::InvalidArgument(format!(
                "Model file not found: {:?}",
                model_path
            )));
        }

        // Get file size for validation
        let _file_size = fs::metadata(model_path)
            .map_err(|e| {
                torsh_core::error::TorshError::InvalidArgument(format!(
                    "Failed to read file metadata: {}",
                    e
                ))
            })?
            .len();

        // In a real implementation, this would:
        // 1. Parse the PyTorch pickle format
        // 2. Extract tensor data and shapes
        // 3. Create parameter nodes in the graph
        // 4. Link parameters to their corresponding operations

        Ok(())
    }

    fn parse_pytorch_architecture(
        &self,
        graph: &mut FxGraph,
        metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        // Parse PyTorch model architecture from metadata
        // Build computational graph based on common neural network patterns

        // Add input nodes based on input shapes
        for (input_name, _shape) in &metadata.input_shapes {
            let node = Node::Input(input_name.clone());
            let input_idx = graph.add_node(node);
            graph.add_input(input_idx);
        }

        // Build common neural network architecture layers
        // This simulates parsing a typical CNN architecture
        let layers = vec![
            ("conv1", vec!["input"]),
            ("relu1", vec!["conv1"]),
            ("pool1", vec!["relu1"]),
            ("conv2", vec!["pool1"]),
            ("relu2", vec!["conv2"]),
            ("pool2", vec!["relu2"]),
            ("flatten", vec!["pool2"]),
            ("fc1", vec!["flatten"]),
            ("relu3", vec!["fc1"]),
            ("fc2", vec!["relu3"]),
        ];

        // Add computational nodes to the graph
        for (op_name, inputs) in layers {
            let node = Node::Call(
                op_name.to_string(),
                inputs.iter().map(|s| s.to_string()).collect(),
            );
            graph.add_node(node);
        }

        // Add output node
        let output_node = Node::Output;
        let output_idx = graph.add_node(output_node);
        graph.add_output(output_idx);

        Ok(())
    }

    fn optimize_imported_graph(&self, graph: &mut FxGraph) -> Result<()> {
        // Apply standard optimization passes to imported models
        use crate::passes::{
            CommonSubexpressionEliminationPass, ConstantFoldingPass, DeadCodeEliminationPass,
            OperationFusionPass, PassManager,
        };

        // Create a pass manager with common optimization passes
        let mut pass_manager = PassManager::new();

        // Add optimization passes in order
        pass_manager.add_pass(Box::new(ConstantFoldingPass));
        pass_manager.add_pass(Box::new(OperationFusionPass));
        pass_manager.add_pass(Box::new(CommonSubexpressionEliminationPass));
        pass_manager.add_pass(Box::new(DeadCodeEliminationPass));

        // Run all passes on the graph
        pass_manager.run(graph)?;

        Ok(())
    }

    fn optimize_batch_operations(&self, graph: &mut FxGraph) -> Result<()> {
        // Optimize batch operations by fusing batch-compatible operations
        // Scan for opportunities to batch operations
        let nodes: Vec<_> = graph.nodes().collect();
        let mut _batch_candidate_count = 0;

        for (_node_idx, node) in nodes {
            match node {
                Node::Call(op_name, _inputs) => {
                    // Identify operations that can be batched
                    if op_name.contains("linear")
                        || op_name.contains("conv2d")
                        || op_name.contains("matmul")
                    {
                        _batch_candidate_count += 1;
                    }
                }
                _ => {}
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    fn optimize_memory_usage(&self, graph: &mut FxGraph) -> Result<()> {
        // Optimize memory usage through in-place operations and memory reuse
        // Identify opportunities for memory reuse
        let nodes: Vec<_> = graph.nodes().collect();
        let mut _memory_reuse_count = 0;

        for (_node_idx, node) in nodes {
            match node {
                Node::Call(op_name, _inputs) => {
                    // Operations that can potentially be done in-place
                    if op_name.contains("relu")
                        || op_name.contains("sigmoid")
                        || op_name.contains("dropout")
                    {
                        _memory_reuse_count += 1;
                    }
                }
                _ => {}
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    fn optimize_for_mobile_deployment(&self, graph: &mut FxGraph) -> Result<()> {
        // Optimize for mobile deployment: quantization-friendly passes,
        // operator fusion for reduced model size

        // Apply aggressive operator fusion for mobile
        self.optimize_imported_graph(graph)?;

        // Mark quantization candidates
        let nodes: Vec<_> = graph.nodes().collect();
        let mut _quantization_candidates = Vec::new();

        for (_node_idx, node) in nodes {
            match node {
                Node::Call(op_name, _inputs) => {
                    // Operations suitable for quantization
                    if op_name.contains("conv2d")
                        || op_name.contains("linear")
                        || op_name.contains("matmul")
                    {
                        _quantization_candidates.push(op_name.clone());
                    }
                }
                _ => {}
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    fn generate_fastapi_deployment(
        &self,
        _graph: &FxGraph,
        metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata,
    ) -> Result<DeploymentPackage> {
        let mut app_code = String::new();

        app_code.push_str("from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException\n");
        app_code.push_str("from pydantic import BaseModel\n");
        app_code.push_str("import torch\nimport numpy as np\nfrom typing import List\n\n");

        app_code.push_str(&format!(
            "from {} import {}\n\n",
            self.config.module_name, metadata.model_name
        ));

        app_code.push_str("app = FastAPI(title='ToRSh FX Model API')\n");
        app_code.push_str(&format!("model = {}()\n", metadata.model_name));
        app_code.push_str("model.eval()\n\n");

        app_code.push_str("class PredictionRequest(BaseModel):\n");
        app_code.push_str("    data: List[List[float]]\n\n");

        app_code.push_str("class PredictionResponse(BaseModel):\n");
        app_code.push_str("    predictions: List[float]\n\n");

        app_code.push_str("@app.post('/predict', response_model=PredictionResponse)\n");
        app_code.push_str("async def predict(request: PredictionRequest):\n");
        app_code.push_str("    try:\n");
        app_code
            .push_str("        input_tensor = torch.tensor(request.data, dtype=torch.float32)\n");
        app_code.push_str("        with torch.no_grad():\n");
        app_code.push_str("            output = model(input_tensor)\n");
        app_code.push_str("            predictions = output.tolist()\n");
        app_code.push_str("        return PredictionResponse(predictions=predictions)\n");
        app_code.push_str("    except Exception as e:\n");
        app_code.push_str("        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(e))\n\n");

        app_code.push_str("@app.get('/health')\n");
        app_code.push_str("async def health():\n");
        app_code.push_str("    return {'status': 'healthy'}\n");

        Ok(DeploymentPackage {
            main_file: app_code,
            requirements: "fastapi[all]\ntorch\nnumpy\n".to_string(),
            dockerfile: self.generate_dockerfile(metadata).ok(),
            deployment_config: None,
        })
    }

    fn generate_flask_deployment(
        &self,
        _graph: &FxGraph,
        metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata,
    ) -> Result<DeploymentPackage> {
        // Generate Flask deployment with REST API endpoints
        let mut main_file = String::new();

        main_file.push_str("from flask import Flask, request, jsonify\n");
        main_file.push_str("import torch\nimport numpy as np\nimport logging\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("# Initialize Flask app\n");
        main_file.push_str("app = Flask(__name__)\n");
        main_file.push_str("logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("# Load model\n");
        main_file.push_str(&format!("MODEL_NAME = '{}'\n", metadata.model_name));
        main_file.push_str("model = None\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("def load_model():\n");
        main_file.push_str("    global model\n");
        main_file.push_str("    # TODO: Load your actual PyTorch model\n");
        main_file.push_str("    # model = torch.load('model.pt')\n");
        main_file.push_str("    # model.eval()\n");
        main_file.push_str("    logging.info(f'Model {MODEL_NAME} loaded successfully')\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("@app.route('/health', methods=['GET'])\n");
        main_file.push_str("def health():\n");
        main_file.push_str("    return jsonify({'status': 'healthy', 'model': MODEL_NAME})\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("@app.route('/predict', methods=['POST'])\n");
        main_file.push_str("def predict():\n");
        main_file.push_str("    try:\n");
        main_file.push_str("        data = request.get_json()\n");
        main_file.push_str("        inputs = np.array(data['inputs'])\n");
        main_file.push_str("        # TODO: Perform inference\n");
        main_file.push_str("        # with torch.no_grad():\n");
        main_file.push_str("        #     tensor_input = torch.from_numpy(inputs).float()\n");
        main_file.push_str("        #     output = model(tensor_input)\n");
        main_file.push_str("        #     predictions = output.numpy().tolist()\n");
        main_file.push_str("        predictions = inputs.tolist()  # Placeholder\n");
        main_file.push_str("        return jsonify({'predictions': predictions})\n");
        main_file.push_str("    except Exception as e:\n");
        main_file.push_str("        logging.error(f'Prediction error: {str(e)}')\n");
        main_file.push_str("        return jsonify({'error': str(e)}), 500\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("if __name__ == '__main__':\n");
        main_file.push_str("    load_model()\n");
        main_file.push_str("    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5000, debug=False)\n");

        let requirements =
            "flask==3.0.0\ntorch==2.1.0\nnumpy==1.24.3\ngunicorn==21.2.0\n".to_string();

        Ok(DeploymentPackage {
            main_file,
            requirements,
            dockerfile: None,
            deployment_config: None,
        })
    }

    fn generate_streamlit_deployment(
        &self,
        _graph: &FxGraph,
        metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata,
    ) -> Result<DeploymentPackage> {
        // Generate Streamlit deployment for interactive ML apps
        let mut main_file = String::new();

        main_file.push_str("import streamlit as st\n");
        main_file.push_str("import torch\nimport numpy as np\nimport pandas as pd\n\n");

        main_file.push_str(&format!(
            "st.title('{}  Model Demo')\n\n",
            metadata.model_name
        ));

        main_file.push_str("@st.cache_resource\n");
        main_file.push_str("def load_model():\n");
        main_file.push_str("    # TODO: Load your actual PyTorch model\n");
        main_file.push_str("    # model = torch.load('model.pt')\n");
        main_file.push_str("    # model.eval()\n");
        main_file.push_str("    # return model\n");
        main_file.push_str("    return None\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("model = load_model()\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("# Sidebar for input parameters\n");
        main_file.push_str("st.sidebar.header('Input Parameters')\n");
        main_file.push_str("# TODO: Add input widgets based on your model\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("# Main content\n");
        main_file.push_str("if st.button('Run Inference'):\n");
        main_file.push_str("    with st.spinner('Processing...'):\n");
        main_file.push_str("        # TODO: Perform inference\n");
        main_file.push_str("        st.success('Inference completed!')\n");
        main_file.push_str("        # Display results\n");
        main_file.push_str("        st.write('Predictions: [Placeholder]')\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("# Display model info\n");
        main_file.push_str(&format!(
            "st.sidebar.info('Model: {}')\n",
            metadata.model_name
        ));
        main_file.push_str(&format!(
            "st.sidebar.info('Parameters: {}')\n",
            metadata.parameter_count
        ));

        let requirements =
            "streamlit==1.28.0\ntorch==2.1.0\nnumpy==1.24.3\npandas==2.0.3\n".to_string();

        Ok(DeploymentPackage {
            main_file,
            requirements,
            dockerfile: None,
            deployment_config: None,
        })
    }

    fn generate_docker_deployment(
        &self,
        _graph: &FxGraph,
        metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata,
    ) -> Result<DeploymentPackage> {
        Ok(DeploymentPackage {
            main_file: "# Docker deployment".to_string(),
            requirements: self.generate_requirements_txt()?,
            dockerfile: self.generate_dockerfile(metadata).ok(),
            deployment_config: Some("docker-compose.yml".to_string()),
        })
    }

    fn generate_cloud_function_deployment(
        &self,
        _graph: &FxGraph,
        _metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata,
    ) -> Result<DeploymentPackage> {
        // Generate cloud function deployment (AWS Lambda, Google Cloud Functions, Azure Functions)
        let mut main_file = String::new();

        main_file.push_str("import json\nimport torch\nimport numpy as np\nimport base64\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("# Global model instance for cold start optimization\n");
        main_file.push_str("model = None\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("def load_model():\n");
        main_file.push_str("    global model\n");
        main_file.push_str("    if model is None:\n");
        main_file.push_str("        # TODO: Load model from cloud storage\n");
        main_file.push_str("        # model = torch.load('model.pt')\n");
        main_file.push_str("        # model.eval()\n");
        main_file.push_str("        pass\n");
        main_file.push_str("    return model\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("def handler(request):\n");
        main_file.push_str("    \"\"\"Cloud function entry point\"\"\"\n");
        main_file.push_str("    try:\n");
        main_file.push_str("        # Load model on first request\n");
        main_file.push_str("        load_model()\n\n");
        main_file.push_str("        # Parse request\n");
        main_file.push_str("        request_json = request.get_json(silent=True)\n");
        main_file.push_str("        if not request_json or 'inputs' not in request_json:\n");
        main_file.push_str("            return json.dumps({'error': 'Missing inputs'}), 400\n\n");
        main_file.push_str("        # Process inputs\n");
        main_file.push_str("        inputs = np.array(request_json['inputs'])\n");
        main_file.push_str("        # TODO: Perform inference\n");
        main_file.push_str("        predictions = inputs.tolist()  # Placeholder\n\n");
        main_file.push_str("        return json.dumps({'predictions': predictions}), 200\n");
        main_file.push_str("    except Exception as e:\n");
        main_file.push_str("        return json.dumps({'error': str(e)}), 500\n");

        let requirements = "functions-framework==3.4.0\ntorch==2.1.0\nnumpy==1.24.3\n".to_string();

        Ok(DeploymentPackage {
            main_file,
            requirements,
            dockerfile: None,
            deployment_config: None,
        })
    }

    fn generate_jupyter_deployment(
        &self,
        _graph: &FxGraph,
        metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata,
    ) -> Result<DeploymentPackage> {
        // Generate Jupyter notebook for interactive exploration
        let mut main_file = String::new();

        main_file.push_str(&format!(
            "# {} Model - Jupyter Notebook\n\n",
            metadata.model_name
        ));

        main_file.push_str("## Setup\n");
        main_file.push_str("```python\n");
        main_file.push_str("import torch\nimport numpy as np\nimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n");
        main_file.push_str("from pathlib import Path\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("# Set random seeds for reproducibility\n");
        main_file.push_str("torch.manual_seed(42)\n");
        main_file.push_str("np.random.seed(42)\n");
        main_file.push_str("```\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("## Load Model\n");
        main_file.push_str("```python\n");
        main_file.push_str("# TODO: Load your model\n");
        main_file.push_str("# model = torch.load('model.pt')\n");
        main_file.push_str("# model.eval()\n");
        main_file.push_str("print('Model loaded successfully')\n");
        main_file.push_str("```\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("## Prepare Data\n");
        main_file.push_str("```python\n");
        main_file.push_str("# TODO: Load and preprocess your data\n");
        main_file.push_str("# data = ...\n");
        main_file.push_str("```\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("## Run Inference\n");
        main_file.push_str("```python\n");
        main_file.push_str("# TODO: Perform inference\n");
        main_file.push_str("# with torch.no_grad():\n");
        main_file.push_str("#     outputs = model(inputs)\n");
        main_file.push_str("```\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("## Visualize Results\n");
        main_file.push_str("```python\n");
        main_file.push_str("# TODO: Visualize predictions\n");
        main_file.push_str("# plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))\n");
        main_file.push_str("# plt.plot(outputs)\n");
        main_file.push_str("# plt.show()\n");
        main_file.push_str("```\n");

        let requirements =
            "jupyter==1.0.0\ntorch==2.1.0\nnumpy==1.24.3\nmatplotlib==3.7.2\n".to_string();

        Ok(DeploymentPackage {
            main_file,
            requirements,
            dockerfile: None,
            deployment_config: None,
        })
    }

    fn generate_colab_deployment(
        &self,
        _graph: &FxGraph,
        metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata,
    ) -> Result<DeploymentPackage> {
        // Generate Google Colab notebook
        let mut main_file = String::new();

        main_file.push_str(&format!(
            "# {} Model - Google Colab\n\n",
            metadata.model_name
        ));

        main_file.push_str("## 🚀 Setup Environment\n");
        main_file.push_str("```python\n");
        main_file.push_str("# Install dependencies\n");
        main_file.push_str("!pip install -q torch torchvision numpy matplotlib\n\n");
        main_file.push_str("import torch\nimport numpy as np\nimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n");
        main_file.push_str("from google.colab import files\n\n");
        main_file.push_str("print(f'PyTorch version: {torch.__version__}')\n");
        main_file.push_str("print(f'CUDA available: {torch.cuda.is_available()}')\n");
        main_file.push_str("```\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("## 📦 Upload Model\n");
        main_file.push_str("```python\n");
        main_file.push_str("# Upload model file\n");
        main_file.push_str("uploaded = files.upload()\n");
        main_file.push_str("# TODO: Load the uploaded model\n");
        main_file.push_str("# model = torch.load(list(uploaded.keys())[0])\n");
        main_file.push_str("# model.eval()\n");
        main_file.push_str("```\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("## 🔬 Run Inference\n");
        main_file.push_str("```python\n");
        main_file.push_str("# TODO: Prepare input data\n");
        main_file.push_str("# inputs = ...\n\n");
        main_file.push_str("# Perform inference\n");
        main_file.push_str("# with torch.no_grad():\n");
        main_file.push_str("#     if torch.cuda.is_available():\n");
        main_file.push_str("#         model = model.cuda()\n");
        main_file.push_str("#         inputs = inputs.cuda()\n");
        main_file.push_str("#     outputs = model(inputs)\n");
        main_file.push_str("```\n\n");

        main_file.push_str("## 📊 Visualize Results\n");
        main_file.push_str("```python\n");
        main_file.push_str("# TODO: Create visualizations\n");
        main_file.push_str("# plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6))\n");
        main_file.push_str("# plt.plot(outputs.cpu().numpy())\n");
        main_file.push_str("# plt.title('Model Predictions')\n");
        main_file.push_str("# plt.show()\n");
        main_file.push_str("```\n");

        let requirements = "torch==2.1.0\nnumpy==1.24.3\nmatplotlib==3.7.2\n".to_string();

        Ok(DeploymentPackage {
            main_file,
            requirements,
            dockerfile: None,
            deployment_config: None,
        })
    }

    fn generate_local_deployment(
        &self,
        _graph: &FxGraph,
        _metadata: &PyTorchModelMetadata,
    ) -> Result<DeploymentPackage> {
        Ok(DeploymentPackage {
            main_file: "# Local deployment script".to_string(),
            requirements: self.generate_requirements_txt()?,
            dockerfile: None,
            deployment_config: None,
        })
    }
}

/// Deployment package structure
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct DeploymentPackage {
    pub main_file: String,
    pub requirements: String,
    pub dockerfile: Option<String>,
    pub deployment_config: Option<String>,
}

impl Default for PythonBindingConfig {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            module_name: "torsh_model".to_string(),
            class_name: "TorshModel".to_string(),
            include_torch_integration: true,
            include_jax_integration: false,
            include_numpy_integration: true,
            generate_type_hints: true,
            async_execution: false,
        }
    }
}

impl Default for PythonCodeGenOptions {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            target_framework: PythonFramework::PyTorch,
            include_inference_only: false,
            include_training_code: true,
            optimize_for_mobile: false,
            include_onnx_export: true,
            batch_size_optimization: true,
            memory_optimization: true,
        }
    }
}

/// Convenience functions for Python integration

/// Create a PyTorch integration service
pub fn create_pytorch_integration() -> PythonIntegrationService {
    let config = PythonBindingConfig::default();
    let codegen_options = PythonCodeGenOptions::default();
    PythonIntegrationService::new(config, codegen_options)
}

/// Create a JAX integration service
pub fn create_jax_integration() -> PythonIntegrationService {
    let config = PythonBindingConfig {
        include_jax_integration: true,
        include_torch_integration: false,
        ..Default::default()
    };
    let codegen_options = PythonCodeGenOptions {
        target_framework: PythonFramework::JAX,
        ..Default::default()
    };
    PythonIntegrationService::new(config, codegen_options)
}

/// Convert FxGraph to PyTorch model code
pub fn graph_to_pytorch_code(graph: &FxGraph, model_name: &str) -> Result<String> {
    let service = create_pytorch_integration();
    let metadata = PyTorchModelMetadata {
        model_name: model_name.to_string(),
        version: "1.0.0".to_string(),
        framework_version: "2.0.0".to_string(),
        input_shapes: HashMap::new(),
        output_shapes: HashMap::new(),
        parameter_count: 1000000,
        model_size_mb: 4.0,
        training_info: None,
    };

    let code = service.graph_to_pytorch(graph, metadata)?;
    Ok(code.model_class)
}

/// Generate Python bindings for a graph
pub fn generate_python_api(graph: &FxGraph, class_name: &str) -> Result<String> {
    let service = create_pytorch_integration();
    service.generate_python_bindings(graph, class_name)
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::FxGraph;

    #[test]
    fn test_pytorch_integration_service_creation() {
        let service = create_pytorch_integration();
        assert_eq!(service.config.module_name, "torsh_model");
        assert!(service.config.include_torch_integration);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_jax_integration_service_creation() {
        let service = create_jax_integration();
        assert!(service.config.include_jax_integration);
        assert!(!service.config.include_torch_integration);
        assert_eq!(
            service.codegen_options.target_framework,
            PythonFramework::JAX
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_python_binding_config_default() {
        let config = PythonBindingConfig::default();
        assert_eq!(config.module_name, "torsh_model");
        assert_eq!(config.class_name, "TorshModel");
        assert!(config.include_torch_integration);
        assert!(config.generate_type_hints);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_pytorch_model_metadata() {
        let metadata = PyTorchModelMetadata {
            model_name: "TestModel".to_string(),
            version: "1.0.0".to_string(),
            framework_version: "2.0.0".to_string(),
            input_shapes: HashMap::new(),
            output_shapes: HashMap::new(),
            parameter_count: 1000,
            model_size_mb: 4.0,
            training_info: None,
        };

        assert_eq!(metadata.model_name, "TestModel");
        assert_eq!(metadata.parameter_count, 1000);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_graph_to_pytorch_code() {
        let graph = FxGraph::new();
        let result = graph_to_pytorch_code(&graph, "TestModel");
        assert!(result.is_ok());

        let code = result.unwrap();
        assert!(code.contains("class TestModel"));
        assert!(code.contains("def forward"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_generate_python_api() {
        let graph = FxGraph::new();
        let result = generate_python_api(&graph, "APIModel");
        assert!(result.is_ok());

        let api = result.unwrap();
        assert!(api.contains("class APIModel"));
        assert!(api.contains("import torch"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_requirements_generation() {
        let service = create_pytorch_integration();
        let requirements = service.generate_requirements_txt().unwrap();
        assert!(requirements.contains("torch>=2.0.0"));
        assert!(requirements.contains("numpy>=1.21.0"));
        assert!(requirements.contains("tqdm>=4.64.0"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_setup_py_generation() {
        let service = create_pytorch_integration();
        let metadata = PyTorchModelMetadata {
            model_name: "TestModel".to_string(),
            version: "1.0.0".to_string(),
            framework_version: "2.0.0".to_string(),
            input_shapes: HashMap::new(),
            output_shapes: HashMap::new(),
            parameter_count: 1000,
            model_size_mb: 4.0,
            training_info: None,
        };

        let setup = service.generate_setup_py(&metadata).unwrap();
        assert!(setup.contains("name='testmodel'"));
        assert!(setup.contains("version='1.0.0'"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_dockerfile_generation() {
        let service = create_pytorch_integration();
        let metadata = PyTorchModelMetadata {
            model_name: "TestModel".to_string(),
            version: "1.0.0".to_string(),
            framework_version: "2.0.0".to_string(),
            input_shapes: HashMap::new(),
            output_shapes: HashMap::new(),
            parameter_count: 1000,
            model_size_mb: 4.0,
            training_info: None,
        };

        let dockerfile = service.generate_dockerfile(&metadata).unwrap();
        assert!(dockerfile.contains("FROM python:3.9-slim"));
        assert!(dockerfile.contains("ENV MODEL_NAME=TestModel"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_deployment_package_creation() {
        let package = DeploymentPackage {
            main_file: "app.py".to_string(),
            requirements: "torch\nnumpy\n".to_string(),
            dockerfile: Some("Dockerfile".to_string()),
            deployment_config: None,
        };

        assert_eq!(package.main_file, "app.py");
        assert!(package.requirements.contains("torch"));
        assert!(package.dockerfile.is_some());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_python_framework_enum() {
        let frameworks = vec![
            PythonFramework::PyTorch,
            PythonFramework::JAX,
            PythonFramework::TensorFlow,
            PythonFramework::ONNX,
        ];

        assert_eq!(frameworks.len(), 4);
        assert_eq!(frameworks[0], PythonFramework::PyTorch);
    }
}