tor-proto 0.44.0

//! Handler for CREATE* cells.

use crate::FlowCtrlParameters;
use crate::ccparams::{
    Algorithm, AlgorithmDiscriminants, CongestionControlParams, CongestionWindowParams,
    FixedWindowParams, RoundTripEstimatorParams, VegasParams,
};
use crate::channel::Channel;
use crate::circuit::CircuitRxSender;
use crate::circuit::UniqId;
use crate::circuit::celltypes::{CreateRequest, CreateResponse};
use crate::circuit::circhop::{HopNegotiationType, HopSettings};
use crate::client::circuit::CircParameters;
use crate::client::circuit::padding::PaddingController;
use crate::crypto::binding::CircuitBinding;
use crate::crypto::cell::CryptInit as _;
use crate::crypto::cell::{InboundRelayLayer, OutboundRelayLayer, RelayLayer, tor1};
use crate::crypto::handshake::RelayHandshakeError;
use crate::crypto::handshake::ServerHandshake as _;
use crate::crypto::handshake::fast::CreateFastServer;
use crate::crypto::handshake::ntor::{NtorSecretKey, NtorServer};
use crate::memquota::SpecificAccount as _;
use crate::memquota::{ChannelAccount, CircuitAccount};
use crate::relay::channel_provider::ChannelProvider;
use crate::relay::reactor::Reactor;
use crate::relay::{IncomingStreamRequestFilter, RelayCirc};
use smallvec::SmallVec;
use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock, Weak};
use tor_cell::chancell::ChanMsg as _;
use tor_cell::chancell::CircId;
use tor_cell::chancell::msg::{
    CreateFast, Created2, CreatedFast, Destroy, DestroyReason, HandshakeType,
};
use tor_error::{Bug, ErrorKind, HasKind, debug_report, internal, into_internal};
use tor_linkspec::OwnedChanTarget;
use tor_llcrypto::cipher::aes::Aes128Ctr;
use tor_llcrypto::d::Sha1;
use tor_llcrypto::pk::ed25519::Ed25519Identity;
use tor_llcrypto::pk::rsa::RsaIdentity;
use tor_memquota::mq_queue::ChannelSpec as _;
use tor_memquota::mq_queue::MpscSpec;
use tor_relay_crypto::pk::{RelayNtorKeypair, RelayNtorKeys};
use tor_rtcompat::SpawnExt as _;
use tor_rtcompat::{DynTimeProvider, Runtime};
use tracing::warn;

/// Everything needed to handle CREATE* messages on channels.
#[derive(derive_more::Debug)]
pub struct CreateRequestHandler {
    /// Something that can launch channels. Typically the `ChanMgr`.
    chan_provider: Weak<dyn ChannelProvider<BuildSpec = OwnedChanTarget> + Send + Sync>,
    /// Circuit-related network parameters.
    circ_net_params: RwLock<CircNetParameters>,
    /// The circuit extension keys.
    #[debug(skip)]
    ntor_keys: RwLock<RelayNtorKeys>,
    /// An [`IncomingStreamRequestFilter`] factory for checking whether the user wants
    /// this request, or wants to reject it immediately.
    ///
    /// Used for obtaining a current [`IncomingStreamRequestFilter`]
    /// for building a circuit reactor.
    //
    // TODO(relay): it's likely this will end up changing quite a bit once we start
    // figuring out exactly how the config/reconfigure() logic and IncomingStreamRequestFilter
    // should function for relays.
    #[debug(skip)]
    incoming_filter_factory: Box<dyn IncomingStreamRequestFilterFactory + Send + Sync>,
}

impl CreateRequestHandler {
    /// Build a new [`CreateRequestHandler`].
    pub fn new(
        chan_provider: Weak<dyn ChannelProvider<BuildSpec = OwnedChanTarget> + Send + Sync>,
        circ_net_params: CircNetParameters,
        ntor_keys: RelayNtorKeys,
        incoming_filter_factory: Box<dyn IncomingStreamRequestFilterFactory + Send + Sync>,
    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            chan_provider,
            circ_net_params: RwLock::new(circ_net_params),
            ntor_keys: RwLock::new(ntor_keys),
            incoming_filter_factory,
        }
    }

    /// Update the circuit parameters from a network consensus.
    pub fn update_params(&self, circ_net_params: CircNetParameters) {
        *self.circ_net_params.write().expect("rwlock poisoned") = circ_net_params;
    }

    /// Update the handler with a new set of circuit extension keys.
    ///
    /// This is called periodically by the relay key rotation task.
    pub fn update_ntor_keys(&self, ntor_keys: RelayNtorKeys) {
        *self.ntor_keys.write().expect("rwlock poisoned") = ntor_keys;
    }

    /// Handle a CREATE* cell.
    ///
    /// This intentionally does not return a [`crate::Error`] so that we don't accidentally shut
    /// down the channel reactor when we really should be returning a DESTROY. Shutting down a
    /// channel may cause us to leak information about paths of circuits travelling through this
    /// relay. This is especially important here since we're handling data that is controllable from
    /// the other end of the circuit.
    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
    pub(crate) fn handle_create<R: Runtime>(
        &self,
        runtime: &R,
        channel: &Arc<Channel>,
        our_ed25519_id: &Ed25519Identity,
        our_rsa_id: &RsaIdentity,
        circ_id: CircId,
        msg: &CreateRequest,
        memquota: &ChannelAccount,
        circ_unique_id: UniqId,
    ) -> Result<(CreateResponse, RelayCircComponents), Destroy> {
        let result = self.handle_create_inner(
            runtime,
            channel,
            our_ed25519_id,
            our_rsa_id,
            circ_id,
            msg,
            memquota,
            circ_unique_id,
        );

        match result {
            Ok(x) => Ok(x),
            Err(e) => {
                // TODO(relay): The log messages throughout could be very noisy, so should have rate limiting.
                let cmd = msg.cmd();
                debug_report!(&e, %cmd, "Failed to handle circuit create request");

                // `tor-spec/tearing-down-circuits.md`:
                //
                // > Implementations SHOULD always use the NONE reason to avoid side channels: [...]
                Err(Destroy::new(DestroyReason::NONE))
            }
        }
    }

    /// See [`Self::handle_create`].
    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
    fn handle_create_inner<R: Runtime>(
        &self,
        runtime: &R,
        channel: &Arc<Channel>,
        our_ed25519_id: &Ed25519Identity,
        our_rsa_id: &RsaIdentity,
        circ_id: CircId,
        msg: &CreateRequest,
        memquota: &ChannelAccount,
        circ_unique_id: UniqId,
    ) -> Result<(CreateResponse, RelayCircComponents), HandleCreateError> {
        // Perform the handshake crypto and build the response.
        let handshake_components = match msg {
            CreateRequest::CreateFast(msg) => self.handle_create_fast(msg)?,
            CreateRequest::Create2(msg) => match msg.handshake_type() {
                HandshakeType::NTOR_V3 => self.handle_create2_ntorv3(msg.body(), our_ed25519_id)?,
                HandshakeType::NTOR => self.handle_create2_ntor(msg.body(), our_rsa_id)?,
                x @ HandshakeType::TAP | x => {
                    return Err(HandleCreateError::Create2HandshakeType(x));
                }
            },
        };

        let memquota = CircuitAccount::new(memquota)?;

        // We use a large mpsc queue here since a circuit should never block the channel,
        // and we hope that memquota will help us if an attacker intentionally fills this buffer.
        // We use `10_000_000` since `usize::MAX` causes `futures::channel::mpsc` to panic.
        // TODO(relay): We should switch to an unbounded queue, but the circuit reactor is expecting
        // a bounded queue.
        let time_provider = DynTimeProvider::new(runtime.clone());
        let account = memquota.as_raw_account();
        let (sender, receiver) =
            MpscSpec::new(10_000_000).new_mq(time_provider.clone(), account)?;
        let (sender, receiver) = crate::circuit::circ_sender::channel(sender, receiver);

        // TODO(relay): Do we really want a client padding machine here?
        let (padding_ctrl, padding_stream) =
            crate::client::circuit::padding::new_padding(DynTimeProvider::new(runtime.clone()));

        // Upgrade the channel provider, which in practice is the `ChanMgr` so this should not fail.
        let Some(chan_provider) = self.chan_provider.upgrade() else {
            return Err(internal!("Unable to upgrade weak `ChannelProvider`").into());
        };

        // Create an IncomingStreamRequestFilter for this circuit.
        // This will get applied to every stream request (BEGIN, BEGIN_DIR, RESOLVE)
        // arriving on the circuit.
        //
        // Note: once built, a circuit reactor's IncomingStreamRequestFilter cannot be changed
        // (it's fixed for the entire duration of the circuit).
        let incoming_filter = self.incoming_filter_factory.current_filter();

        // Build the relay circuit reactor.
        let (reactor, circ, _incoming_streams) = Reactor::new(
            runtime.clone(),
            channel,
            circ_id,
            circ_unique_id,
            receiver,
            handshake_components.crypto_in,
            handshake_components.crypto_out,
            &handshake_components.hop_settings,
            chan_provider,
            padding_ctrl.clone(),
            padding_stream,
            incoming_filter,
            &memquota,
        )
        .map_err(into_internal!("Failed to start circuit reactor"))?;

        // TODO(relay): send the incoming_streams stream to the handler in arti-relay

        // Start the reactor in a task.
        let () = runtime.spawn(async {
            match reactor.run().await {
                Ok(()) => {}
                Err(e) => {
                    debug_report!(e, "Relay circuit reactor exited with an error");
                }
            }
        })?;

        Ok((
            handshake_components.response,
            RelayCircComponents {
                circ,
                sender,
                padding_ctrl,
            },
        ))
    }

    /// The handshake code for a CREATE_FAST request.
    fn handle_create_fast(
        &self,
        msg: &CreateFast,
    ) -> Result<CompletedHandshakeComponents, HandleCreateError> {
        // TODO(relay): We might want to offload this to a CPU worker in the future.
        let (keygen, handshake_msg) = CreateFastServer::server(
            &mut rand::rng(),
            // The CREATE_FAST handshake doesn't accept or return extensions,
            // so this `AuxDataReply` is a no-op.
            &mut |_: &()| Some(()),
            // The CREATE_FAST handshake doesn't use any keys.
            &[()],
            msg.handshake(),
        )?;

        let crypt = tor1::CryptStatePair::<Aes128Ctr, Sha1>::construct(keygen)
            .map_err(into_internal!("Circuit crypt state construction failed"))?;

        let circ_params = self
            .circ_net_params
            .read()
            .expect("rwlock poisoned")
            // CREATE_FAST always uses fixed-window flow control.
            .as_circ_parameters(AlgorithmDiscriminants::FixedWindow)?;

        // TODO(relay): I don't think that this is the right way to do this. It works for
        // CREATE_FAST, but we might want to rethink it for CREATE2.
        let protos = tor_protover::Protocols::default();
        let hop_settings =
            HopSettings::from_params_and_caps(HopNegotiationType::None, &circ_params, &protos)
                .map_err(into_internal!("Unable to build `HopSettings`"))?;

        let response = CreatedFast::new(handshake_msg);
        let response = CreateResponse::CreatedFast(response);

        let (crypto_out, crypto_in, _binding) = split_relay_layer(crypt);

        Ok(CompletedHandshakeComponents {
            response,
            hop_settings,
            crypto_out,
            crypto_in,
        })
    }

    /// The handshake code for a CREATE2 ntor (non-v3) request.
    fn handle_create2_ntor(
        &self,
        msg_body: &[u8],
        our_rsa_id: &RsaIdentity,
    ) -> Result<CompletedHandshakeComponents, HandleCreateError> {
        let ntor_keys = self.ntor_keys(|k| {
            NtorSecretKey::new(k.secret().clone(), *k.public().inner(), *our_rsa_id)
        });

        // TODO(relay): We might want to offload this to a CPU worker in the future.
        let (keygen, handshake_msg) = NtorServer::server(
            &mut rand::rng(),
            // The ntor (non-v3) handshake doesn't accept or return extensions,
            // so this `AuxDataReply` is a no-op.
            &mut |_: &()| Some(()),
            ntor_keys.as_ref(),
            msg_body,
        )?;

        let crypt = tor1::CryptStatePair::<Aes128Ctr, Sha1>::construct(keygen)
            .map_err(into_internal!("Circuit crypt state construction failed"))?;

        let (crypto_out, crypto_in, _binding) = split_relay_layer(crypt);

        let circ_params = self
            .circ_net_params
            .read()
            .expect("rwlock poisoned")
            // CREATE2 with ntor (non-v3) always uses fixed-window flow control.
            .as_circ_parameters(AlgorithmDiscriminants::FixedWindow)?;

        // TODO(relay): I don't think that this is the right way to do this. It works for
        // ntor, but won't work well for ntor-v3.
        let protos = tor_protover::Protocols::default();
        let hop_settings =
            HopSettings::from_params_and_caps(HopNegotiationType::None, &circ_params, &protos)
                .map_err(into_internal!("Unable to build `HopSettings`"))?;

        let response = Created2::new(handshake_msg);
        let response = CreateResponse::Created2(response);

        Ok(CompletedHandshakeComponents {
            response,
            hop_settings,
            crypto_out,
            crypto_in,
        })
    }

    /// The handshake code for a CREATE2 ntor-v3 request.
    fn handle_create2_ntorv3(
        &self,
        _msg_body: &[u8],
        _our_ed25519_id: &Ed25519Identity,
    ) -> Result<CompletedHandshakeComponents, HandleCreateError> {
        Err(HandleCreateError::Create2HandshakeType(
            HandshakeType::NTOR_V3,
        ))
    }

    /// Helper to get the ntor keypairs after some transformation `map`.
    ///
    /// The `map` transformation must be fast since it blocks a read lock.
    /// The returned keys are sorted with the most recent key first.
    ///
    /// It would be nice if this just returned an iterator,
    /// but the read lock prevents this.
    fn ntor_keys<T>(&self, map: impl FnMut(&RelayNtorKeypair) -> T) -> impl AsRef<[T]> {
        let ntor_keys = self.ntor_keys.read().expect("rwlock poisoned");
        let ntor_keys = [Some(ntor_keys.latest()), ntor_keys.previous()];
        ntor_keys
            .into_iter()
            .flatten()
            .map(map)
            .collect::<SmallVec<[T; 2]>>()
    }
}

/// Helper function to split a `RelayLayer` into forward and backward type-erased trait objects.
fn split_relay_layer<F, B>(
    crypt: impl RelayLayer<F, B>,
) -> (
    Box<dyn OutboundRelayLayer + Send>,
    Box<dyn InboundRelayLayer + Send>,
    CircuitBinding,
)
where
    F: OutboundRelayLayer + Send + 'static,
    B: InboundRelayLayer + Send + 'static,
{
    let (crypto_out, crypto_in, binding) = crypt.split_relay_layer();
    let (crypto_out, crypto_in) = (Box::new(crypto_out), Box::new(crypto_in));

    (crypto_out, crypto_in, binding)
}

/// An error that occurred while handling a CREATE* request.
#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
enum HandleCreateError {
    /// Circuit relay handshake failed.
    #[error("Circuit relay handshake failed")]
    Handshake(#[from] RelayHandshakeError),
    /// The requested handshake type is unsupported.
    #[error("Unsupported handshake type {0}")]
    Create2HandshakeType(HandshakeType),
    /// A memquota error.
    #[error("Memquota error")]
    Memquota(#[from] tor_memquota::Error),
    /// Error when spawning a task.
    #[error("Runtime task spawn error")]
    Spawn(#[from] futures::task::SpawnError),
    /// An internal error.
    ///
    /// Note that other variants (such as `Handshake` containing a [`RelayHandshakeError`])
    /// may themselves contain internal errors.
    #[error("Internal error")]
    Internal(#[from] tor_error::Bug),
}

impl HasKind for HandleCreateError {
    fn kind(&self) -> ErrorKind {
        match self {
            Self::Handshake(e) => e.kind(),
            Self::Create2HandshakeType(_) => ErrorKind::NotImplemented,
            Self::Memquota(e) => e.kind(),
            Self::Spawn(e) => e.kind(),
            Self::Internal(_) => ErrorKind::Internal,
        }
    }
}

/// The components of a completed CREATE* handshake.
struct CompletedHandshakeComponents {
    /// The message to send in response.
    response: CreateResponse,
    /// The negotiated hop settings.
    hop_settings: HopSettings,
    /// Outbound onion crypto.
    crypto_out: Box<dyn OutboundRelayLayer + Send>,
    /// Inbound onion crypto.
    crypto_in: Box<dyn InboundRelayLayer + Send>,
}

/// A collection of objects built for a new relay circuit.
pub(crate) struct RelayCircComponents {
    /// The relay circuit handle.
    pub(crate) circ: Arc<RelayCirc>,
    /// Used to send data from the channel to the circuit reactor.
    pub(crate) sender: CircuitRxSender,
    /// The circuit's padding controller.
    pub(crate) padding_ctrl: PaddingController,
}

/// Congestion control network parameters.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
#[allow(clippy::exhaustive_structs)]
pub struct CongestionControlNetParams {
    /// Fixed-window algorithm parameters.
    pub fixed_window: FixedWindowParams,

    /// Vegas algorithm parameters for exit circuits.
    // NOTE: In this module we are handling CREATE* cells,
    // which only happens for non-hs circuits.
    // So we don't need to store the vegas hs parameters here.
    pub vegas_exit: VegasParams,

    /// Congestion window parameters.
    pub cwnd: CongestionWindowParams,

    /// RTT calculation parameters.
    pub rtt: RoundTripEstimatorParams,

    /// Flow control parameters to use for all streams on this circuit.
    pub flow_ctrl: FlowCtrlParameters,
}

impl CongestionControlNetParams {
    #[cfg(test)]
    // These have been copied from C-tor.
    pub(crate) fn defaults_for_tests() -> Self {
        Self {
            fixed_window: FixedWindowParams::defaults_for_tests(),
            vegas_exit: VegasParams::defaults_for_tests(),
            cwnd: CongestionWindowParams::defaults_for_tests(),
            rtt: RoundTripEstimatorParams::defaults_for_tests(),
            flow_ctrl: FlowCtrlParameters::defaults_for_tests(),
        }
    }
}

/// Network consensus parameters for handling incoming circuits.
///
/// Unlike `CircParameters`,
/// this is unopinionated and contains all relevant consensus parameters,
/// which is needed when handling an incoming CREATE* request where the
/// circuit origin chooses the type/settings
/// (for example congestion control type) of the circuit.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
#[allow(clippy::exhaustive_structs)]
pub struct CircNetParameters {
    /// Whether we should include ed25519 identities when we send EXTEND2 cells.
    pub extend_by_ed25519_id: bool,

    /// Congestion control network parameters.
    pub cc: CongestionControlNetParams,
}

impl CircNetParameters {
    /// Convert the [`CircNetParameters`] into a [`CircParameters`].
    ///
    /// We expect the circuit creation handshake to know what congestion control algorithm was
    /// negotiated, and provide that as `algorithm`.
    //
    // We disable `unused` warnings at the root of tor-proto,
    // but it's nice to have here so we re-enable it.
    #[warn(unused)]
    fn as_circ_parameters(&self, algorithm: AlgorithmDiscriminants) -> Result<CircParameters, Bug> {
        // Unpack everything to make sure that we aren't missing anything
        // (otherwise clippy would warn).
        let Self {
            extend_by_ed25519_id,
            cc:
                CongestionControlNetParams {
                    fixed_window,
                    vegas_exit,
                    cwnd,
                    rtt,
                    flow_ctrl,
                },
        } = self;

        let algorithm = match algorithm {
            AlgorithmDiscriminants::FixedWindow => Algorithm::FixedWindow(*fixed_window),
            AlgorithmDiscriminants::Vegas => Algorithm::Vegas(*vegas_exit),
        };

        // TODO(arti#2442): The builder pattern here seems like a footgun.
        let cc = CongestionControlParams::builder()
            .alg(algorithm)
            .fixed_window_params(*fixed_window)
            .cwnd_params(*cwnd)
            .rtt_params(rtt.clone())
            .build()
            .map_err(into_internal!("Could not build `CongestionControlParams`"))?;

        Ok(CircParameters::new(
            *extend_by_ed25519_id,
            cc,
            flow_ctrl.clone(),
        ))
    }
}

/// An [`IncomingStreamRequestFilter`] factory for building [`IncomingStreamRequestFilter`]s.
///
/// Each time a new circuit is opened, the [`CreateRequestHandler`] calls
/// [`IncomingStreamRequestFilterFactory::current_filter`] to build
/// an [`IncomingStreamRequestFilter`] for the circuit.
pub trait IncomingStreamRequestFilterFactory {
    /// Return the [`IncomingStreamRequestFilter`] to apply to the incoming stream requests
    /// arriving on a circuit.
    fn current_filter(&self) -> Box<dyn IncomingStreamRequestFilter>;
}

impl<F> IncomingStreamRequestFilterFactory for F
where
    F: Fn() -> Box<dyn IncomingStreamRequestFilter>,
{
    fn current_filter(&self) -> Box<dyn IncomingStreamRequestFilter> {
        (self)()
    }
}