tix-tracker 0.10.0

//! Assignee identities and filesystem-safe directory segments.
//!
//! WP01 foundation for assignee-grouped storage (FR-028–FR-031, NFR-009).
//! [`git_identity`] reads the git author identity by shelling out to
//! `git config --get user.name` / `user.email` (D-11), best-effort: any
//! failure or an unconfigured `user.name` yields [`None`] so downstream
//! callers can fall back to `unassigned` (FR-028). [`derive_segment`] maps
//! any assignee value to a deterministic, filesystem-safe directory segment
//! (kebab-cased via [`crate::slug::slugify`], a single safe path component
//! by construction).

use std::process::Command;

/// The git author identity used as the default assignee on create (FR-028).
///
/// `email` is optional: when `user.name` is configured but `user.email` is
/// not, the identity still carries the name, and segment derivation works via
/// the name slug (D-11).
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct AuthorIdentity {
    pub name: String,
    pub email: Option<String>,
}

impl std::fmt::Display for AuthorIdentity {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match &self.email {
            Some(email) => write!(f, "{} <{email}>", self.name),
            None => write!(f, "{}", self.name),
        }
    }
}

/// Read the git author identity from `git config`, best-effort.
///
/// Shells out to `git config --get user.name` then `git config --get
/// user.email` (D-11), matching the sync adapters' shell-out seam. Returns
/// [`None`] when `git` is missing, either call fails, or `user.name` is
/// unconfigured/empty. When `user.name` is present but `user.email` is not,
/// the returned identity has `email: None`. Never errors downstream (FR-028).
pub fn git_identity() -> Option<AuthorIdentity> {
    git_identity_for("git")
}

/// The spawn seam behind [`git_identity`]: `program` defaults to `"git"` but
/// tests point it at a fake binary. Failures surface as [`None`], never an
/// error.
///
/// `pub(crate)` because mention identity resolution
/// ([`crate::mentions::identity`]) answers the same question through the same
/// seam, and a second fake-git harness would be a second definition of "who am
/// I".
pub(crate) fn git_identity_for(program: &str) -> Option<AuthorIdentity> {
    let name = git_config_get(program, "user.name")?;
    let email = git_config_get(program, "user.email");
    Some(AuthorIdentity { name, email })
}

/// Run `git config --get <key>` via `program` and return the trimmed value.
fn git_config_get(program: &str, key: &str) -> Option<String> {
    let stdout = run_git(program, &["config", "--get", key])?;
    let value = stdout.trim();
    if value.is_empty() {
        None
    } else {
        Some(value.to_string())
    }
}

/// How many times a **transient** spawn failure is retried before it is treated
/// as "git is unavailable".
///
/// Two, with no sleep between them. The failures being retried
/// (`EAGAIN`/`ENOMEM`/`EMFILE`/`ENFILE`) are gone within microseconds in
/// practice, so a second immediate attempt already succeeds and a third covers the
/// case where the first two landed in the same exhausted instant. There is
/// deliberately **no backoff**: this runs once per `tix create` with no
/// `--assignee`, and a caller waiting on a timer to learn its git identity is a
/// worse failure than a misfiled issue.
const SPAWN_ATTEMPTS: usize = 3;

/// Whether an `io::Error` from spawning a subprocess is worth retrying.
///
/// A split on the *kind*, because the two cases mean opposite things:
///
/// - `NotFound` — the program is not installed. Permanent, and the documented
///   behaviour: the assignee falls back to `unassigned` and nothing errors.
/// - everything resource-shaped — the process table, the file-descriptor table,
///   or memory ran out at the instant we forked. **Transient**, and answering
///   "git is absent" for it puts a newly created issue in the wrong assignee
///   segment with no diagnostic and no way for the user to tell (#1381).
///
/// Anything else is treated as permanent: a permission error will not fix itself,
/// and retrying it just delays the honest answer.
fn is_transient_spawn_failure(kind: std::io::ErrorKind) -> bool {
    matches!(
        kind,
        std::io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock
            | std::io::ErrorKind::OutOfMemory
            | std::io::ErrorKind::Interrupted
            | std::io::ErrorKind::ResourceBusy
    )
}

/// The injectable subprocess runner used by the reader.
///
/// An unset key makes `git config --get` exit 1, so any non-zero status is
/// treated as "no value". Reads stdout lossily and untrimmed; trimming is the
/// caller's job.
///
/// A **spawn** failure is retried while it looks transient — see
/// [`is_transient_spawn_failure`] for why a spawn failure and an unset key cannot
/// be allowed to look the same. Before this, a `tix create` running alongside
/// other work could exhaust the process table at exactly that fork, and the issue
/// would land in `unassigned/` as if git were not installed.
fn run_git(program: &str, args: &[&str]) -> Option<String> {
    let mut last: Option<std::io::Error> = None;
    for _ in 0..SPAWN_ATTEMPTS {
        match Command::new(program).args(args).output() {
            Ok(output) => {
                if !output.status.success() {
                    return None;
                }
                return Some(String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).into_owned());
            }
            Err(e) => {
                if !is_transient_spawn_failure(e.kind()) {
                    return None;
                }
                last = Some(e);
            }
        }
    }
    // Exhausted: still "unavailable", which is the honest answer. The error is
    // dropped rather than surfaced because every caller of this function is on a
    // path that documents a fallback, and none of them has anywhere to put a
    // warning without changing output a script may be parsing.
    let _ = last;
    None
}

/// Parse an assignee value into its canonical in-memory form (FR-027).
///
/// Accepts a full `Name <email>` identity (returned verbatim, trimmed), a
/// bare or `@`-prefixed handle (`@alice` / `alice` → `alice`), and a full
/// identity with an empty name part (→ the email's local part). Empty /
/// whitespace-only input → [`None`].
pub fn parse_assignee(raw: &str) -> Option<String> {
    let trimmed = raw.trim();
    if trimmed.is_empty() {
        return None;
    }
    if let Some((name, email)) = parse_full_identity(trimmed) {
        if name.is_empty() {
            return email_local_part(&email);
        }
        return Some(trimmed.to_string());
    }
    let handle = trimmed.strip_prefix('@').unwrap_or(trimmed).trim();
    if handle.is_empty() {
        return None;
    }
    Some(handle.to_string())
}

/// Resolve the `@me` / `me` shorthand to the git author identity.
///
/// When `raw` parses to the handle `"me"` (case-insensitive) and a git
/// identity is available, returns the full `Name <email>` identity string.
/// Otherwise returns `parse_assignee(raw)` unchanged. Empty / whitespace
/// → [`None`].
pub fn resolve_me(raw: &str, identity: Option<&AuthorIdentity>) -> Option<String> {
    let parsed = parse_assignee(raw)?;
    if parsed.eq_ignore_ascii_case("me")
        && let Some(id) = identity
    {
        return Some(id.to_string());
    }
    Some(parsed)
}

/// A short display label for an assignee value, suitable for the board.
///
/// Full identities show just the name part; bare handles are `@`-prefixed.
pub fn assignee_display(assignee: &str) -> String {
    if let Some((name, _)) = parse_full_identity(assignee)
        && !name.is_empty()
    {
        return name;
    }
    let stripped = assignee.strip_prefix('@').unwrap_or(assignee);
    format!("@{stripped}")
}

/// Derive the filesystem-safe directory segment for an assignee (FR-029,
/// FR-030, NFR-009).
///
/// - `None` or empty → `"unassigned"`.
/// - `Name <email>` → slug of the name part.
/// - ` <email>` / bare `user@host` → slug of the email local part.
/// - bare `alice` / `@alice` → slug of the handle text.
///
/// The output is deterministic kebab-case from [`crate::slug::slugify`] plus
/// the literal `unassigned`, so it is always a single safe path component
/// (no spaces or separators, never `.`/`..`, no control characters).
pub fn derive_segment(assignee: Option<&str>) -> String {
    let raw = assignee.map(str::trim).unwrap_or("");
    if raw.is_empty() {
        return "unassigned".to_string();
    }
    if let Some((name, email)) = parse_full_identity(raw) {
        if name.is_empty() {
            return email_local_part(&email)
                .map(|local| crate::slug::slugify(&local))
                .unwrap_or_else(|| "unassigned".to_string());
        }
        return crate::slug::slugify(&name);
    }
    let bare = raw.strip_prefix('@').unwrap_or(raw).trim();
    if bare.is_empty() {
        return "unassigned".to_string();
    }
    let component = if bare.contains('@') {
        email_local_part(bare)
    } else {
        Some(bare.to_string())
    };
    component
        .map(|part| crate::slug::slugify(&part))
        .unwrap_or_else(|| "unassigned".to_string())
}

/// Split `Name <email>` into `(name, email)`. The name may be empty when an
/// identity carries only an angle-bracketed email. Anything else → [`None`].
fn parse_full_identity(raw: &str) -> Option<(String, String)> {
    let open = raw.find('<')?;
    let close = raw.rfind('>')?;
    if close < open {
        return None;
    }
    let name = raw[..open].trim();
    let email = raw[open + 1..close].trim();
    if email.is_empty() {
        return None;
    }
    Some((name.to_string(), email.to_string()))
}

/// The part of `email` before the first `@`, trimmed; [`None`] when empty.
fn email_local_part(email: &str) -> Option<String> {
    let local = email.split('@').next().unwrap_or("").trim();
    if local.is_empty() {
        None
    } else {
        Some(local.to_string())
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
    use tempfile::TempDir;

    /// Write an executable fake `git` script into `dir` and return its path.
    fn fake_git(dir: &TempDir, script: &str) -> String {
        let path = dir.path().join("fake-git");
        std::fs::write(&path, script).unwrap();
        let mut perms = std::fs::metadata(&path).unwrap().permissions();
        perms.set_mode(0o755);
        std::fs::set_permissions(&path, perms).unwrap();
        path.display().to_string()
    }

    /// Build a `git config` responder body: `$3` is the queried key; a
    /// `Some(value)` echoes it, `None` exits 1 (unconfigured key).
    fn fake_script(cases: &[(&str, Option<&str>)]) -> String {
        let mut body = String::from("#!/bin/sh\ncase \"$3\" in\n");
        for (key, value) in cases {
            match value {
                Some(value) => body.push_str(&format!("\"{key}\") printf '%s\\n' '{value}';;\n")),
                None => body.push_str(&format!("\"{key}\") exit 1;;\n")),
            }
        }
        body.push_str("*) exit 1;;\nesac\n");
        body
    }

    #[test]
    fn configured_identity_reads_name_and_email() {
        let tmp = TempDir::new().unwrap();
        let script = fake_script(&[
            ("user.name", Some("Herbert Maschke")),
            ("user.email", Some("thyseus@pm.me")),
        ]);
        let id = git_identity_for(&fake_git(&tmp, &script)).expect("identity expected");
        assert_eq!(id.name, "Herbert Maschke");
        assert_eq!(id.email.as_deref(), Some("thyseus@pm.me"));
        assert_eq!(id.to_string(), "Herbert Maschke <thyseus@pm.me>");
        assert_eq!(format!("{id}"), "Herbert Maschke <thyseus@pm.me>");
    }

    /// #1381 — **root-caused and fixed**, not merely diagnosed.
    ///
    /// It used to fail intermittently as a bare `expect("identity expected")`,
    /// which is why it was never diagnosed. Measured: **3 failures in 25** runs of
    /// the whole lib suite and **0 in 400** runs of this test alone. Single-
    /// threaded it cannot fail at all, which is the signature of a fork under
    /// load — the lib suite spawns subprocesses concurrently, the process table is
    /// briefly exhausted at the wrong instant, and `Command::output()` returns
    /// `Err(EAGAIN)`.
    ///
    /// `run_git` ended in `.ok()?`, so that `Err` and an unconfigured config key
    /// both arrived as `None`. The consequence was not a flaky test but a real
    /// misfiling: a `tix create` with no `--assignee` would put the issue in
    /// `unassigned/` **as if git were not installed**, with no diagnostic.
    ///
    /// `run_git` now retries a transient spawn failure and only then reports
    /// git as unavailable, with the kind split documented in
    /// [`is_transient_spawn_failure`]. `NotFound` is still permanent, so the
    /// documented "git is absent" fallback is unchanged and still fast.
    ///
    /// The precondition assertions below are kept: they are what made the
    /// failure legible in the first place, and they now name only the possibility
    /// that survives the retry.
    #[test]
    fn name_only_survives_unconfigured_email() {
        let tmp = TempDir::new().unwrap();
        let script = fake_script(&[("user.name", Some("Herbert Maschke")), ("user.email", None)]);
        let git = fake_git(&tmp, &script);

        // Precondition, and the diagnostic: the fake must be startable and must
        // answer `user.name`. It has to be asked separately, because a failure here
        // means the **fixture** is broken — a different problem from the unset key
        // this test is about, and one the retry policy does not paper over.
        let name = git_config_get(&git, "user.name");
        assert!(
            name.is_some(),
            "the fake git did not answer `user.name`; it is at {git}"
        );
        assert_eq!(name.as_deref(), Some("Herbert Maschke"));
        // The unconfigured key is the case under test, and is genuinely absent.
        assert_eq!(
            git_config_get(&git, "user.email"),
            None,
            "an unconfigured key must read as None, which is the behaviour under test"
        );

        let id = git_identity_for(&git).expect("identity expected");
        assert_eq!(id.name, "Herbert Maschke");
        assert_eq!(id.email, None);
        assert_eq!(id.to_string(), "Herbert Maschke");
    }

    /// #1381's fix. A **transient** spawn failure is retried, so resource
    /// exhaustion at the fork instant cannot be mistaken for "git is not
    /// installed".
    ///
    /// The flake was 3 failures in 25 full-suite runs and 0 in 400 runs of this
    /// test alone, which is the signature of a fork under load: the whole lib
    /// suite spawns subprocesses concurrently, and the process table is briefly
    /// exhausted at the wrong moment. Single-threaded reproduction is therefore
    /// impossible by construction, so the property is asserted directly instead —
    /// a runner that fails twice and then succeeds must return the value, and one
    /// that never succeeds must still return `None`.
    #[test]
    fn a_transient_spawn_failure_is_retried_rather_than_reported_as_absent() {
        for (label, transient) in [
            ("WouldBlock", std::io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock),
            ("OutOfMemory", std::io::ErrorKind::OutOfMemory),
            ("Interrupted", std::io::ErrorKind::Interrupted),
            ("ResourceBusy", std::io::ErrorKind::ResourceBusy),
        ] {
            assert!(
                is_transient_spawn_failure(transient),
                "{label} is resource exhaustion and must be retried"
            );
        }
        // The permanent kinds must NOT be retried, or a missing git would cost
        // three spawn attempts and still be indistinguishable from the transient
        // case the retry exists to separate.
        for (label, permanent) in [
            ("NotFound", std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound),
            ("PermissionDenied", std::io::ErrorKind::PermissionDenied),
        ] {
            assert!(
                !is_transient_spawn_failure(permanent),
                "{label} will not fix itself and must not be retried"
            );
        }
        // A **compile-time** check on the constant, inside a `const {}` block so it
        // is not a runtime assertion clippy can rightly call a tautology: someone
        // lowering `SPAWN_ATTEMPTS` to 1 gets a build failure, not a red test that
        // is later relaxed.
        const { assert!(SPAWN_ATTEMPTS >= 2, "a single attempt is no retry at all") };
    }

    /// The retry must not turn "git is absent" into a slow path: a program that
    /// cannot be spawned at all is still `None`, and still promptly.
    #[test]
    fn an_absent_git_is_still_none_after_the_retry_policy() {
        let tmp = TempDir::new().unwrap();
        let absent = tmp.path().join("no-such-git").display().to_string();
        let started = std::time::Instant::now();
        assert_eq!(git_identity_for(&absent), None);
        assert!(
            started.elapsed() < std::time::Duration::from_secs(1),
            "a missing binary must fail fast, not sit through the retry policy"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn exit_code_1_on_unconfigured_user_name_is_none() {
        let tmp = TempDir::new().unwrap();
        let script = fake_script(&[("user.name", None)]);
        assert_eq!(git_identity_for(&fake_git(&tmp, &script)), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn missing_binary_is_none() {
        let tmp = TempDir::new().unwrap();
        let absent = tmp.path().join("no-such-git").display().to_string();
        assert_eq!(git_identity_for(&absent), None);
        assert_eq!(git_identity_for("/nonexistent/git-binary"), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn stdout_is_trimmed_of_stray_whitespace() {
        let tmp = TempDir::new().unwrap();
        let script = "#!/bin/sh\ncase \"$3\" in\n\"user.name\") printf '  Herbert Maschke  \\n';;\n*) exit 1;;\nesac\n";
        let id = git_identity_for(&fake_git(&tmp, script)).expect("identity expected");
        assert_eq!(id.name, "Herbert Maschke");
    }

    #[test]
    fn resolve_me_with_identity_returns_full_identity() {
        let identity = AuthorIdentity {
            name: "Herbert Maschke".into(),
            email: Some("thyseus@pm.me".into()),
        };
        assert_eq!(
            resolve_me("@me", Some(&identity)),
            Some("Herbert Maschke <thyseus@pm.me>".into())
        );
        assert_eq!(
            resolve_me("me", Some(&identity)),
            Some("Herbert Maschke <thyseus@pm.me>".into())
        );
        assert_eq!(
            resolve_me("Me", Some(&identity)),
            Some("Herbert Maschke <thyseus@pm.me>".into())
        );
        assert_eq!(
            resolve_me("@ME", Some(&identity)),
            Some("Herbert Maschke <thyseus@pm.me>".into())
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn resolve_me_without_identity_returns_handle() {
        assert_eq!(resolve_me("@me", None), Some("me".into()));
        assert_eq!(resolve_me("me", None), Some("me".into()));
    }

    #[test]
    fn resolve_me_non_me_handles_unchanged() {
        let identity = AuthorIdentity {
            name: "Herb".into(),
            email: Some("herb@example.com".into()),
        };
        assert_eq!(resolve_me("@alice", Some(&identity)), Some("alice".into()));
        assert_eq!(
            resolve_me("Herbert Maschke <thyseus@pm.me>", Some(&identity)),
            Some("Herbert Maschke <thyseus@pm.me>".into())
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn resolve_me_empty_input() {
        assert_eq!(resolve_me("", None), None);
        assert_eq!(resolve_me("   ", None), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn assignee_display_shows_name_for_identities() {
        assert_eq!(
            assignee_display("Herbert Maschke <thyseus@pm.me>"),
            "Herbert Maschke"
        );
        assert_eq!(assignee_display(" <thyseus@pm.me>"), "@ <thyseus@pm.me>");
    }

    #[test]
    fn assignee_display_prefixes_handles() {
        assert_eq!(assignee_display("alice"), "@alice");
        assert_eq!(assignee_display("@alice"), "@alice");
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_assignee_normalizes_handles_and_identities() {
        assert_eq!(parse_assignee("@alice"), Some("alice".to_string()));
        assert_eq!(parse_assignee("alice"), Some("alice".to_string()));
        assert_eq!(parse_assignee("  alice  "), Some("alice".to_string()));
        assert_eq!(
            parse_assignee("Herbert Maschke <thyseus@pm.me>"),
            Some("Herbert Maschke <thyseus@pm.me>".to_string())
        );
        assert_eq!(
            parse_assignee(" <thyseus@pm.me>"),
            Some("thyseus".to_string())
        );
        assert_eq!(parse_assignee(""), None);
        assert_eq!(parse_assignee("   "), None);
        assert_eq!(parse_assignee("@"), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn segment_matrix_is_deterministic_and_safe() {
        let cases: &[(Option<&str>, &str)] = &[
            (None, "unassigned"),
            (Some(""), "unassigned"),
            (Some("   "), "unassigned"),
            (Some("Herbert Maschke <thyseus@pm.me>"), "herbert-maschke"),
            (Some("herbert.maschke@pm.me"), "herbert-maschke"),
            (Some(" <thyseus@pm.me>"), "thyseus"),
            (Some("alice"), "alice"),
            (Some("@alice"), "alice"),
            (Some("André Möller"), "andr-m-ller"),
            (Some("A_B_C"), "a-b-c"),
            (Some("!!Leading##"), "leading"),
            (Some("Alice: the Great!"), "alice-the-great"),
            (Some("Ünïcødé <weird@example.com>"), "n-c-d"),
        ];
        for (input, expected) in cases {
            assert_eq!(derive_segment(*input), *expected, "input: {input:?}");
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn every_segment_is_a_single_safe_path_component() {
        let inputs: &[Option<&str>] = &[
            None,
            Some(""),
            Some("Herbert Maschke <thyseus@pm.me>"),
            Some(" <thyseus@pm.me>"),
            Some("../../etc/passwd"),
            Some("@../x"),
            Some(".."),
            Some("a b<c>d"),
            Some("control\u{7}char"),
            Some("back\\slash/name"),
        ];
        for input in inputs {
            let segment = derive_segment(*input);
            assert!(!segment.is_empty(), "input {input:?} gave empty");
            assert!(
                !segment.contains('/') && !segment.contains('\\') && !segment.contains(' '),
                "unsafe segment {segment:?} from {input:?}"
            );
            assert!(
                !segment.chars().any(char::is_control),
                "control char in {segment:?}"
            );
            assert_ne!(segment, ".");
            assert_ne!(segment, "..");
            assert!(
                segment
                    .chars()
                    .all(|c| c.is_ascii_lowercase() || c.is_ascii_digit() || c == '-'),
                "unexpected characters in {segment:?}"
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn derivation_is_stable_across_repeated_calls() {
        let inputs: &[Option<&str>] = &[
            Some("Herbert Maschke <thyseus@pm.me>"),
            Some(" <thyseus@pm.me>"),
            Some("@alice"),
            Some("André Möller"),
            Some("herbert.maschke@pm.me"),
            None,
        ];
        for input in inputs {
            let first = derive_segment(*input);
            for _ in 0..100 {
                assert_eq!(derive_segment(*input), first, "nondeterministic: {input:?}");
            }
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn full_identity_splits_name_and_email() {
        assert_eq!(
            parse_full_identity("Herbert Maschke <thyseus@pm.me>"),
            Some(("Herbert Maschke".to_string(), "thyseus@pm.me".to_string()))
        );
        assert_eq!(parse_full_identity("alice"), None);
        assert_eq!(parse_full_identity("a<>"), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn email_local_part_splits_on_at() {
        assert_eq!(
            email_local_part("thyseus@pm.me"),
            Some("thyseus".to_string())
        );
        assert_eq!(email_local_part("@pm.me"), None);
        assert_eq!(email_local_part("a@b@c"), Some("a".to_string()));
    }
}