tensorlogic-oxirs-bridge

Lightweight RDF/SHACL → TensorLogic integration using oxrdf.

Overview

Bridges semantic web technologies (RDF, RDFS, OWL, SHACL) with TensorLogic tensor-based reasoning:

RDF Schema → SymbolTable: Extract domains (classes) and predicates (properties)
SHACL → TLExpr: Compile constraints to logical rules (future)
Provenance Tracking: Map RDF entities to tensor indices with RDF*

Quick Start

use tensorlogic_oxirs_bridge::SchemaAnalyzer;

let mut analyzer = SchemaAnalyzer::new();

// Load RDF schema in Turtle format
analyzer.load_turtle(r#"
    @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
    @prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
    
    ex:Person a rdfs:Class ;
              rdfs:label "Person" .
    
    ex:knows a rdf:Property ;
             rdfs:domain ex:Person ;
             rdfs:range ex:Person .
"#)?;

// Analyze schema
analyzer.analyze()?;

// Convert to SymbolTable
let table = analyzer.to_symbol_table()?;
assert_eq!(table.domains.len(), 1);
assert_eq!(table.predicates.len(), 1);

Key Features

✅ Lightweight: Uses oxrdf (no heavy oxirs-core dependencies)
✅ Turtle Parser: Load RDF schemas from Turtle files
✅ Multiple Formats: N-Triples and JSON-LD serialization support
✅ Class Extraction: RDF classes → TensorLogic domains
✅ Property Extraction: RDF properties → TensorLogic predicates
✅ Provenance Tracking: Bidirectional entity ↔ tensor mapping
✅ RDF Export*: Generate provenance statements with metadata
✅ SHACL Support: Advanced constraint compilation with 15+ constraint types
✅ GraphQL Integration: Convert GraphQL schemas to TensorLogic symbol tables
✅ SPARQL 1.1 Compilation: Comprehensive query support (SELECT, ASK, DESCRIBE, CONSTRUCT) with OPTIONAL, UNION patterns
✅ OWL Reasoning: RDFS/OWL inference with class hierarchies and property characteristics
✅ Validation Reports: SHACL-compliant validation report generation with Turtle/JSON export
✅ 9 Examples: Comprehensive examples demonstrating all major features

Architecture

RDF Schema (Turtle)
  ↓ [oxttl parser]
oxrdf::Graph
  ↓ [SchemaAnalyzer]
Extract: Classes, Properties, Domains, Ranges
  ↓
SymbolTable (tensorlogic-adapters)
  ↓
Compiler → Tensors → Backend
  ↑
ProvenanceTracker
  ↓
RDF* / JSON provenance export

Provenance Tracking

Track tensor computations back to RDF entities:

use tensorlogic_oxirs_bridge::ProvenanceTracker;

let mut tracker = ProvenanceTracker::new();

// Track entity-to-tensor mappings
tracker.track_entity("http://example.org/Person".to_string(), 0);
tracker.track_entity("http://example.org/knows".to_string(), 1);

// Track rule-to-shape mappings
tracker.track_shape(
    "http://example.org/shapes#Rule1".to_string(),
    "knows(x,y) → knows(y,x)".to_string(),
    0
);

// Export as RDF* (quoted triples)
let rdf_star = tracker.to_rdf_star();
// << <http://example.org/Person> <http://tensorlogic.org/tensor> "0" >> 
//    <http://tensorlogic.org/computedBy> <http://tensorlogic.org/engine> .

// Export as JSON
let json = tracker.to_json()?;

Schema Analysis

The SchemaAnalyzer extracts semantic information from RDF:

let mut analyzer = SchemaAnalyzer::new();
analyzer.load_turtle(turtle_data)?;
analyzer.analyze()?;

// Access extracted classes
for (iri, class_info) in &analyzer.classes {
    println!("Class: {}", class_info.label.as_ref().unwrap_or(&iri));
    println!("  Subclasses: {:?}", class_info.subclass_of);
}

// Access extracted properties
for (iri, prop_info) in &analyzer.properties {
    println!("Property: {}", prop_info.label.as_ref().unwrap_or(&iri));
    println!("  Domain: {:?}", prop_info.domain);
    println!("  Range: {:?}", prop_info.range);
}

IRI Handling

Convert IRIs to local names automatically:

use tensorlogic_oxirs_bridge::SchemaAnalyzer;

assert_eq!(
    SchemaAnalyzer::iri_to_name("http://example.org/Person"),
    "Person"
);
assert_eq!(
    SchemaAnalyzer::iri_to_name("http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1#knows"),
    "knows"
);

SHACL Support

Compile SHACL shapes to TLExpr rules:

use tensorlogic_oxirs_bridge::ShaclConverter;

let converter = ShaclConverter::new(symbol_table);
let rules = converter.convert_to_rules(shacl_turtle)?;

Supported SHACL Constraints

Cardinality Constraints:

sh:minCount N → ∃y. property(x, y) (at least N values)
sh:maxCount 1 → Uniqueness constraint (at most one value)

Value Constraints:

sh:class C → property(x, y) → hasType(y, C)
sh:datatype D → property(x, y) → hasDatatype(y, D)
sh:pattern P → property(x, y) → matchesPattern(y, P)
sh:minLength N → property(x, y) → lengthAtLeast(y, N)
sh:maxLength N → property(x, y) → lengthAtMost(y, N)
sh:minInclusive N → property(x, y) → greaterOrEqual(y, N)
sh:maxInclusive N → property(x, y) → lessOrEqual(y, N)
sh:in (v1 v2 v3) → property(x, y) → (y = v1 ∨ y = v2 ∨ y = v3)

Logical Constraints:

sh:and (S1 S2) → All shapes must be satisfied (conjunction)
sh:or (S1 S2) → At least one shape must be satisfied (disjunction)
sh:not S → Shape must not be satisfied (negation)
sh:xone (S1 S2) → Exactly one shape must be satisfied (exclusive-or)

Shape References:

sh:node S → property(x, y) → nodeConformsTo(y, S)

Example:

let shacl_turtle = r#"
    @prefix sh: <http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl#> .
    @prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
    @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

    ex:PersonShape a sh:NodeShape ;
        sh:targetClass ex:Person ;
        sh:property [
            sh:path ex:age ;
            sh:datatype xsd:integer ;
            sh:minInclusive 0 ;
            sh:maxInclusive 150 ;
        ] ;
        sh:property [
            sh:path ex:email ;
            sh:minCount 1 ;
            sh:maxCount 1 ;
            sh:pattern "^[a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}$" ;
        ] .
"#;

let symbol_table = SymbolTable::new();
let converter = ShaclConverter::new(symbol_table);
let rules = converter.convert_to_rules(shacl_turtle)?;

// Generates 5 TLExpr rules:
// 1. age constraint: hasDatatype(y, integer)
// 2. age constraint: greaterOrEqual(y, 0)
// 3. age constraint: lessOrEqual(y, 150)
// 4. email constraint: minCount (EXISTS quantifier)
// 5. email constraint: maxCount (uniqueness)
// 6. email constraint: pattern matching

GraphQL Integration

Convert GraphQL schemas to TensorLogic symbol tables:

use tensorlogic_oxirs_bridge::GraphQLConverter;

let schema = r#"
    type Person {
        id: ID!
        name: String!
        age: Int
        friends: [Person!]
    }

    type Book {
        title: String!
        author: Person!
        isbn: String
    }

    type Query {
        person(id: ID!): Person
        books: [Book!]
    }
"#;

let mut converter = GraphQLConverter::new();
let symbol_table = converter.parse_schema(schema)?;

// Generates:
// - Domains: Person, Book, String, Int, ID, etc.
// - Predicates: Person_name, Person_age, Book_title, Book_author, etc.

GraphQL Features

Type Definitions: GraphQL types → TensorLogic domains
Field Definitions: GraphQL fields → TensorLogic predicates
Scalar Types: Built-in scalars (String, Int, Float, Boolean, ID)
List Types: Array field support with [Type] syntax
Required Fields: Non-null type support with ! syntax
Special Types: Automatic filtering of Query, Mutation, Subscription types

SHACL Validation Reports

Generate SHACL-compliant validation reports from tensor computations:

use tensorlogic_oxirs_bridge::{ShaclValidator, ValidationResult, ValidationSeverity};

let validator = ShaclValidator::new();

// Validate specific constraints
if let Some(violation) = validator.validate_min_count(
    "http://example.org/person/1",
    "email",
    1,  // min count
    0,  // actual count
) {
    println!("Violation: {}", violation.message);
}

// Build a complete validation report
let mut report = ValidationReport::new();

report.add_result(ValidationResult::new(
    "http://example.org/person/1",
    "http://example.org/PersonShape",
    "http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl#MinCountConstraintComponent",
    "Missing required email property",
).with_path("http://example.org/email"));

// Export as Turtle (SHACL-compliant RDF)
let turtle = report.to_turtle();

// Export as JSON
let json = report.to_json()?;

// Get summary
println!("{}", report.summary());
// Output: "Validation Report: VIOLATIONS - 1 violations, 0 warnings, 0 infos"

Validation Features

SHACL-Compliant Reports: Generate validation reports conforming to W3C SHACL spec
Multiple Severity Levels: Violation, Warning, Info
Rich Result Details: Focus node, result path, value, source shape, constraint component
Export Formats: Turtle (RDF), JSON
Constraint Validators: Pre-built validators for minCount, maxCount, datatype, pattern, etc.
Report Statistics: Track violations, warnings, checked shapes and constraints

Example: End-to-End Validation Pipeline

See examples/validation_pipeline.rs for a complete example that demonstrates:

Loading RDF schema
Parsing SHACL constraints
Converting to TensorLogic rules
Generating validation reports
Exporting results in multiple formats

cargo run --example validation_pipeline -p tensorlogic-oxirs-bridge

Design Decision: Lightweight oxrdf

This crate uses oxrdf + oxttl instead of full oxirs-core to avoid:

Heavy build times (COOLJAPAN ecosystem builds are already slow)
Complex transitive dependencies
Memory overhead during compilation

For full SPARQL/federation/GraphQL support, use oxirs-core directly.

Testing

cargo nextest run -p tensorlogic-oxirs-bridge
# 167 tests, all passing, zero warnings

Key test categories:

RDF Schema Tests (7 tests): Schema parsing, class/property extraction, IRI handling
N-Triples Tests (6 tests): Export, import, roundtrip, escaping
JSON-LD Tests (11 tests): Export, context management, IRI compaction, namespace detection
SHACL Tests (17 tests): All constraint types, logical combinations, complex shapes
GraphQL Tests (7 tests): Type parsing, field extraction, scalar handling
SPARQL 1.1 Tests (24 tests): Query types (SELECT/ASK/DESCRIBE/CONSTRUCT), OPTIONAL/UNION patterns, filter conditions, solution modifiers
Validation Tests (10 tests): Report generation, severity levels, export formats
RDF Tests* (18 tests): Provenance tracking, metadata, statistics
OWL Tests (18 tests): Class hierarchies, property characteristics, restrictions
Inference Tests (13 tests): RDFS reasoning, transitive closure

Notable tests:

test_schema_analyzer_with_simple_rdf: End-to-end RDF parsing
test_complex_combined_constraints: Multiple SHACL constraints in one shape
test_compile_union_pattern: SPARQL UNION pattern compilation
test_compile_optional_pattern: SPARQL OPTIONAL pattern compilation
test_parse_construct_query: SPARQL CONSTRUCT query parsing
test_complex_query_with_optional_and_filter: Complex SPARQL with multiple features
test_roundtrip_ntriples: N-Triples export and import
test_to_jsonld_with_custom_context: JSON-LD context management
test_complex_provenance_scenario: RDF* metadata tracking
test_complex_hierarchy_with_multiple_inheritance: OWL reasoning

Integration Example

See examples/03_rdf_integration/ (after compiler fixes complete):

// 1. Load RDF schema
let mut analyzer = SchemaAnalyzer::new();
analyzer.load_turtle(foaf_schema)?;

// 2. Convert to SymbolTable
let table = analyzer.to_symbol_table()?;

// 3. Define TLExpr rules
let rule = TLExpr::imply(...);

// 4. Compile to tensors
let graph = compile_to_einsum(&rule)?;

// 5. Execute with SciRS2
let executor = Scirs2Exec::new();
let outputs = executor.execute(&graph, &inputs)?;

// 6. Track provenance
let provenance = tracker.to_rdf_star();

Examples

The crate includes 9 comprehensive examples demonstrating different features:

# 1. Basic RDF schema analysis
cargo run --example 01_basic_schema_analysis -p tensorlogic-oxirs-bridge

# 2. SHACL constraints to TensorLogic rules
cargo run --example 02_shacl_constraints -p tensorlogic-oxirs-bridge

# 3. OWL reasoning and inference
cargo run --example 03_owl_reasoning -p tensorlogic-oxirs-bridge

# 4. GraphQL schema integration
cargo run --example 04_graphql_integration -p tensorlogic-oxirs-bridge

# 5. RDF* provenance tracking
cargo run --example 05_rdfstar_provenance -p tensorlogic-oxirs-bridge

# 6. Complete validation pipeline
cargo run --example 06_validation_pipeline -p tensorlogic-oxirs-bridge

# 7. JSON-LD export
cargo run --example 07_jsonld_export -p tensorlogic-oxirs-bridge

# 8. Performance features (caching, indexing, metadata)
cargo run --example 08_performance_features -p tensorlogic-oxirs-bridge

# 9. Advanced SPARQL 1.1 queries (NEW!)
cargo run --example 09_sparql_advanced -p tensorlogic-oxirs-bridge

SPARQL 1.1 Support

Comprehensive SPARQL 1.1 query compilation to TensorLogic operations:

use tensorlogic_oxirs_bridge::SparqlCompiler;

let mut compiler = SparqlCompiler::new();
compiler.add_predicate_mapping(
    "http://example.org/knows".to_string(),
    "knows".to_string()
);

// SELECT query with OPTIONAL and FILTER
let query = r#"
    SELECT DISTINCT ?x ?y WHERE {
      ?x <http://example.org/knows> ?y .
      OPTIONAL { ?x <http://example.org/age> ?age }
      FILTER(?x > 18)
    } LIMIT 100 ORDER BY ?y
"#;

let sparql_query = compiler.parse_query(query)?;
let tl_expr = compiler.compile_to_tensorlogic(&sparql_query)?;

// ASK query (boolean existence check)
let ask_query = r#"
    ASK WHERE {
      ?x <http://example.org/knows> ?y .
    }
"#;

// CONSTRUCT query (graph construction)
let construct_query = r#"
    CONSTRUCT { ?x <http://example.org/friend> ?y }
    WHERE { ?x <http://example.org/knows> ?y }
"#;

// DESCRIBE query (resource description)
let describe_query = r#"
    DESCRIBE ?x WHERE {
      ?x <http://example.org/type> <http://example.org/Person> .
    }
"#;

Supported SPARQL 1.1 features:

Query Types:

✅ SELECT queries (with DISTINCT, LIMIT, OFFSET, ORDER BY)
✅ ASK queries (boolean existence checks)
✅ DESCRIBE queries (resource descriptions)
✅ CONSTRUCT queries (RDF graph construction)

Graph Patterns:

✅ Triple patterns with variables and IRIs
✅ Multiple patterns combined with AND
✅ OPTIONAL patterns (left-outer join semantics)
✅ UNION patterns (disjunction)
✅ Nested graph patterns with braces

Filter Conditions:

✅ Comparison operators: >, <, >=, <=, =, !=
✅ BOUND(?var) - check if variable is bound
✅ isIRI(?var) / isURI(?var) - check if value is IRI
✅ isLiteral(?var) - check if value is literal
✅ regex(?var, "pattern") - regular expression matching

Solution Modifiers:

✅ DISTINCT - remove duplicate solutions
✅ LIMIT N - limit number of results
✅ OFFSET N - skip first N results
✅ ORDER BY ?var - sort results

Planned (FUTURE):

⏳ FILTER advanced functions (str, lang, datatype, etc.)
⏳ Property paths (e.g., ?x foaf:knows+ ?y)
⏳ GRAPH patterns for named graphs
⏳ BIND and VALUES clauses
⏳ Aggregates (COUNT, SUM, AVG, etc.)
⏳ Subqueries

N-Triples Support

Export and import RDF data in N-Triples format:

use tensorlogic_oxirs_bridge::SchemaAnalyzer;

let mut analyzer = SchemaAnalyzer::new();
analyzer.load_turtle(turtle_data)?;
analyzer.analyze()?;

// Export to N-Triples
let ntriples = analyzer.to_ntriples();
println!("{}", ntriples);

// Import from N-Triples
let mut analyzer2 = SchemaAnalyzer::new();
analyzer2.load_ntriples(&ntriples)?;
analyzer2.analyze()?;

JSON-LD Support

Full bidirectional JSON-LD support for web integration:

Export to JSON-LD

use tensorlogic_oxirs_bridge::{SchemaAnalyzer, JsonLdContext};

let mut analyzer = SchemaAnalyzer::new();
analyzer.load_turtle(turtle_data)?;
analyzer.analyze()?;

// Export with default context
let jsonld = analyzer.to_jsonld()?;
println!("{}", jsonld);

// Export with custom context
let mut context = JsonLdContext::new();
context.add_prefix("ex".to_string(), "http://example.org/".to_string());
let jsonld_custom = analyzer.to_jsonld_with_context(context)?;

Import from JSON-LD

use tensorlogic_oxirs_bridge::SchemaAnalyzer;

let jsonld = r#"{
  "@context": {
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
    "ex": "http://example.org/"
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "ex:Person",
      "@type": "rdfs:Class",
      "rdfs:label": "Person",
      "rdfs:comment": "A human being"
    }
  ]
}"#;

let mut analyzer = SchemaAnalyzer::new();
analyzer.load_jsonld(jsonld)?;
analyzer.analyze()?;

JSON-LD features:

@context: Namespace prefixes and type coercion
@graph: Multiple resources in one document
IRI Compaction/Expansion: Automatic namespace handling
Language Tags: Support for multilingual literals
Roundtrip Conversion: Export and import with full fidelity
Valid JSON: Compatible with standard JSON parsers
Web-friendly: Integrates with REST APIs and JavaScript

Limitations

Current limitations:

SPARQL: Advanced features not yet implemented (property paths, aggregates, subqueries)
N-Triples: Simplified parser, doesn't handle all edge cases
GraphQL parsing is simplified (use dedicated parser for production)
RDF list parsing may not work with all Turtle variants

Planned features (FUTURE):

⏳ SPARQL property paths (e.g., ?x foaf:knows+ ?y)
⏳ SPARQL aggregates (COUNT, SUM, AVG, etc.) and GROUP BY
⏳ SPARQL BIND and VALUES clauses
⏳ SPARQL subqueries and named graphs
⏳ GraphQL directives → constraint rules
⏳ GraphQL interfaces → domain hierarchies
⏳ RDF/XML format support
⏳ N-Quads support

License

Apache-2.0

Part of the TensorLogic ecosystem: tensorlogic

Status: 🎉 Production Ready (v0.1.0-beta.1) Last Updated: 2025-01-17 (Session 8) Tests: 167/167 passing (100%) Examples: 9 comprehensive examples Features: Full SPARQL 1.1 query support (SELECT/ASK/DESCRIBE/CONSTRUCT + OPTIONAL/UNION) Part of: TensorLogic Ecosystem

tensorlogic-oxirs-bridge 0.1.0-beta.1