use crate::errors::AppError;
use crate::extract::llm_embedding::LlmEmbedding;
use parking_lot::Mutex;
use std::path::Path;
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::sync::OnceLock;
use tokio::sync::{mpsc, Semaphore};
use tokio::task::JoinSet;
use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
static EMBEDDER: OnceLock<Mutex<LlmEmbedding>> = OnceLock::new();
static RUNTIME: OnceLock<tokio::runtime::Runtime> = OnceLock::new();
pub const CHUNK_EMBED_BATCH_SIZE: usize = 8;
pub const ENTITY_EMBED_BATCH_SIZE: usize = 25;
pub const EMBED_BATCH_CALIBRATION_DIM: usize = 64;
fn adaptive_batch_for_dim(base: usize, dim: usize) -> usize {
let base = base.max(1);
(base * EMBED_BATCH_CALIBRATION_DIM / dim.max(1)).clamp(1, base)
}
pub fn chunk_embed_batch_size() -> usize {
let dim = crate::constants::embedding_dim();
let batch = adaptive_batch_for_dim(CHUNK_EMBED_BATCH_SIZE, dim);
tracing::debug!(
dim,
base = CHUNK_EMBED_BATCH_SIZE,
batch,
"adaptive chunk batch size (G44)"
);
batch
}
pub fn entity_embed_batch_size() -> usize {
let dim = crate::constants::embedding_dim();
let batch = adaptive_batch_for_dim(ENTITY_EMBED_BATCH_SIZE, dim);
tracing::debug!(
dim,
base = ENTITY_EMBED_BATCH_SIZE,
batch,
"adaptive entity batch size (G44)"
);
batch
}
pub(crate) fn shared_runtime() -> Result<&'static tokio::runtime::Runtime, AppError> {
if let Some(rt) = RUNTIME.get() {
return Ok(rt);
}
let rt = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_multi_thread()
.worker_threads(2)
.enable_all()
.build()
.map_err(|e| AppError::Embedding(format!("tokio runtime init failed: {e}")))?;
let _ = RUNTIME.set(rt);
Ok(RUNTIME.get().expect("RUNTIME initialised above"))
}
pub fn get_embedder(_models_dir: &Path) -> Result<&'static Mutex<LlmEmbedding>, AppError> {
if let Some(e) = EMBEDDER.get() {
return Ok(e);
}
let backend = LlmEmbedding::detect_available()?;
let _ = EMBEDDER.set(Mutex::new(backend));
Ok(EMBEDDER.get().expect("EMBEDDER initialised above"))
}
fn clone_client(embedder: &Mutex<LlmEmbedding>) -> LlmEmbedding {
embedder.lock().clone()
}
pub fn embed_passage(embedder: &Mutex<LlmEmbedding>, text: &str) -> Result<Vec<f32>, AppError> {
let client = clone_client(embedder);
let result = client.embed_passage(text)?;
validate_dim(result)
}
pub fn embed_query(embedder: &Mutex<LlmEmbedding>, text: &str) -> Result<Vec<f32>, AppError> {
let client = clone_client(embedder);
let result = client.embed_query(text)?;
validate_dim(result)
}
pub fn embed_passages_controlled(
embedder: &Mutex<LlmEmbedding>,
texts: &[&str],
_token_counts: &[usize],
) -> Result<Vec<Vec<f32>>, AppError> {
if texts.is_empty() {
return Ok(Vec::new());
}
let owned: Vec<String> = texts.iter().map(|t| t.to_string()).collect();
embed_texts_parallel(embedder, &owned, 1, chunk_embed_batch_size())
}
pub fn embed_passage_local(models_dir: &Path, text: &str) -> Result<Vec<f32>, AppError> {
let embedder = get_embedder(models_dir)?;
embed_passage(embedder, text)
}
pub fn embed_query_local(models_dir: &Path, text: &str) -> Result<Vec<f32>, AppError> {
let embedder = get_embedder(models_dir)?;
embed_query(embedder, text)
}
pub fn embed_passages_controlled_local(
models_dir: &Path,
texts: &[&str],
token_counts: &[usize],
) -> Result<Vec<Vec<f32>>, AppError> {
let embedder = get_embedder(models_dir)?;
embed_passages_controlled(embedder, texts, token_counts)
}
pub fn embed_passages_parallel_local(
models_dir: &Path,
texts: &[String],
parallelism: usize,
batch_size: usize,
) -> Result<Vec<Vec<f32>>, AppError> {
let embedder = get_embedder(models_dir)?;
embed_texts_parallel(embedder, texts, parallelism, batch_size)
}
pub fn embed_texts_parallel(
embedder: &Mutex<LlmEmbedding>,
texts: &[String],
parallelism: usize,
batch_size: usize,
) -> Result<Vec<Vec<f32>>, AppError> {
let mut slots: Vec<Option<Vec<f32>>> = vec![None; texts.len()];
embed_texts_parallel_with(embedder, texts, parallelism, batch_size, |idx, v| {
slots[idx] = Some(v.to_vec());
Ok(())
})?;
let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(slots.len());
for (idx, slot) in slots.into_iter().enumerate() {
out.push(slot.ok_or_else(|| {
AppError::Embedding(format!("embedding fan-out lost item index {idx}"))
})?);
}
Ok(out)
}
pub fn embed_texts_parallel_with(
embedder: &Mutex<LlmEmbedding>,
texts: &[String],
parallelism: usize,
batch_size: usize,
mut on_result: impl FnMut(usize, &[f32]) -> Result<(), AppError>,
) -> Result<(), AppError> {
if texts.is_empty() {
return Ok(());
}
let dim = crate::constants::embedding_dim();
if texts.len() == 1 {
let v = embed_passage(embedder, &texts[0])?;
return on_result(0, &v);
}
let client = clone_client(embedder);
let permits = effective_permits(parallelism);
let batches = build_batches(texts, batch_size.max(1));
let token = crate::cancel_token().clone();
let work = move |batch: Vec<(usize, String)>| {
let client = client.clone();
async move {
client
.embed_batch_async(crate::constants::PASSAGE_PREFIX, &batch)
.await
}
};
let fan_out = run_bounded(batches, permits, dim, token, work, &mut on_result);
match tokio::runtime::Handle::try_current() {
Ok(handle) => tokio::task::block_in_place(|| handle.block_on(fan_out)),
Err(_) => shared_runtime()?.block_on(fan_out),
}
}
fn build_batches(texts: &[String], batch_size: usize) -> Vec<Vec<(usize, String)>> {
texts
.iter()
.cloned()
.enumerate()
.collect::<Vec<_>>()
.chunks(batch_size)
.map(|c| c.to_vec())
.collect()
}
pub fn effective_permits(requested: usize) -> usize {
let cpus = std::thread::available_parallelism()
.map(|n| n.get())
.unwrap_or(4);
let by_ram = ((crate::memory_guard::available_memory_mb() / 2)
/ crate::constants::LLM_WORKER_RSS_MB)
.max(1) as usize;
requested.clamp(1, 32).min(cpus).min(by_ram).max(1)
}
async fn run_bounded<F, Fut>(
batches: Vec<Vec<(usize, String)>>,
permits: usize,
dim: usize,
token: CancellationToken,
work: F,
on_result: &mut impl FnMut(usize, &[f32]) -> Result<(), AppError>,
) -> Result<(), AppError>
where
F: Fn(Vec<(usize, String)>) -> Fut + Clone + Send + 'static,
Fut: std::future::Future<Output = Result<Vec<(usize, Vec<f32>)>, AppError>> + Send,
{
let total_batches = batches.len();
let semaphore = Arc::new(Semaphore::new(permits));
let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel::<Result<Vec<(usize, Vec<f32>)>, AppError>>(permits * 2);
let mut set: JoinSet<()> = JoinSet::new();
for (batch_idx, batch) in batches.into_iter().enumerate() {
let sem = Arc::clone(&semaphore);
let token = token.clone();
let tx = tx.clone();
let work = work.clone();
set.spawn(async move {
let wait_start = std::time::Instant::now();
let Ok(_permit) = sem.acquire_owned().await else {
let _ = tx
.send(Err(AppError::Embedding("semaphore closed".to_string())))
.await;
return;
};
let permit_wait_ms = wait_start.elapsed().as_millis() as u64;
let work_start = std::time::Instant::now();
let outcome = tokio::select! {
res = work(batch) => res,
_ = token.cancelled() => Err(AppError::Embedding(
"embedding cancelled by shutdown signal".to_string(),
)),
};
tracing::debug!(
target: "embedding",
batch_idx,
permit_wait_ms,
work_ms = work_start.elapsed().as_millis() as u64,
ok = outcome.is_ok(),
"embedding batch finished"
);
let _ = tx.send(outcome).await;
});
}
drop(tx);
let mut completed = 0usize;
let mut failed = 0usize;
let mut cancelled = 0usize;
let mut first_error: Option<AppError> = None;
while let Some(message) = rx.recv().await {
match message {
Ok(items) => {
completed += 1;
if first_error.is_none() {
for (idx, v) in items {
if v.len() != dim {
first_error = Some(AppError::Embedding(format!(
"LLM returned {} dims for item {idx}, expected {dim}; \
refusing to truncate or pad silently (G42/C5)",
v.len()
)));
break;
}
if let Err(e) = on_result(idx, &v) {
first_error = Some(e);
break;
}
}
if first_error.is_some() {
set.shutdown().await;
}
}
}
Err(e) => {
if matches!(&e, AppError::Embedding(msg) if msg.contains("cancelled")) {
cancelled += 1;
} else {
failed += 1;
}
if first_error.is_none() {
first_error = Some(e);
set.shutdown().await;
}
}
}
}
while let Some(join_result) = set.join_next().await {
if let Err(join_err) = join_result {
if join_err.is_panic() {
failed += 1;
if first_error.is_none() {
first_error = Some(AppError::Embedding(format!(
"embedding task panicked: {join_err}"
)));
}
} else {
cancelled += 1;
}
}
}
tracing::info!(
target: "embedding",
total_batches,
completed,
failed,
cancelled,
available_permits = semaphore.available_permits(),
"embedding fan-out finished"
);
match first_error {
Some(e) => Err(e),
None => Ok(()),
}
}
pub fn f32_to_bytes(v: &[f32]) -> Vec<u8> {
let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(v.len() * 4);
for f in v {
out.extend_from_slice(&f.to_le_bytes());
}
out
}
pub fn bytes_to_f32(bytes: &[u8]) -> Vec<f32> {
let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(bytes.len() / 4);
for chunk in bytes.chunks_exact(4) {
out.push(f32::from_le_bytes([chunk[0], chunk[1], chunk[2], chunk[3]]));
}
out
}
pub fn embedding_dim() -> usize {
crate::constants::embedding_dim()
}
fn validate_dim(v: Vec<f32>) -> Result<Vec<f32>, AppError> {
let dim = crate::constants::embedding_dim();
if v.len() != dim {
return Err(AppError::Embedding(format!(
"embedding has {} dims, expected {dim}; \
refusing to truncate or pad silently (G42/C5)",
v.len()
)));
}
Ok(v)
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
#[test]
fn f32_to_bytes_roundtrip() {
let input = vec![0.0_f32, 1.5, -2.25, f32::MIN, f32::MAX];
let bytes = f32_to_bytes(&input);
assert_eq!(bytes.len(), input.len() * 4);
let out = bytes_to_f32(&bytes);
assert_eq!(out, input);
}
#[test]
fn validate_dim_rejects_divergent_vectors() {
let dim = crate::constants::embedding_dim();
let long = vec![0.0; dim + 10];
assert!(validate_dim(long).is_err(), "longer vector must error");
let short = vec![0.0; dim.saturating_sub(1).max(1)];
assert!(validate_dim(short).is_err(), "shorter vector must error");
let exact = vec![0.0; dim];
assert_eq!(validate_dim(exact).expect("exact dim must pass").len(), dim);
}
#[test]
fn embedding_dim_matches_constants_source() {
assert_eq!(embedding_dim(), crate::constants::embedding_dim());
}
#[test]
fn build_batches_preserves_global_indices() {
let texts: Vec<String> = (0..10).map(|i| format!("t{i}")).collect();
let batches = build_batches(&texts, 4);
assert_eq!(batches.len(), 3);
assert_eq!(batches[0].len(), 4);
assert_eq!(batches[2].len(), 2);
assert_eq!(batches[2][1].0, 9);
assert_eq!(batches[2][1].1, "t9");
}
#[test]
fn effective_permits_clamps_to_bounds() {
assert!(effective_permits(0) >= 1);
assert!(effective_permits(1000) <= 32);
}
fn test_batches(n: usize) -> Vec<Vec<(usize, String)>> {
(0..n).map(|i| vec![(i, format!("t{i}"))]).collect()
}
fn dummy_vec(dim: usize) -> Vec<f32> {
vec![0.0; dim]
}
#[test]
fn concurrency_peak_never_exceeds_permits() {
let permits = 4usize;
let batches = test_batches(permits * 10);
let dim = crate::constants::embedding_dim();
let current = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
let peak = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
let current_c = Arc::clone(¤t);
let peak_c = Arc::clone(&peak);
let work = move |batch: Vec<(usize, String)>| {
let current = Arc::clone(¤t_c);
let peak = Arc::clone(&peak_c);
async move {
let now = current.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst) + 1;
peak.fetch_max(now, Ordering::SeqCst);
tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(20)).await;
current.fetch_sub(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
Ok(batch
.into_iter()
.map(|(i, _)| (i, dummy_vec(crate::constants::embedding_dim())))
.collect())
}
};
let mut delivered = 0usize;
let rt = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_multi_thread()
.worker_threads(4)
.enable_all()
.build()
.expect("test runtime");
rt.block_on(run_bounded(
batches,
permits,
dim,
CancellationToken::new(),
work,
&mut |_idx, _v| {
delivered += 1;
Ok(())
},
))
.expect("fan-out must succeed");
assert_eq!(delivered, permits * 10, "every item must be delivered");
assert!(
peak.load(Ordering::SeqCst) <= permits,
"peak concurrency {} exceeded permits {permits}",
peak.load(Ordering::SeqCst)
);
}
#[test]
fn panicking_task_returns_permit_and_surfaces_error() {
let permits = 2usize;
let batches = test_batches(4);
let dim = crate::constants::embedding_dim();
let work = move |batch: Vec<(usize, String)>| async move {
if batch[0].0 == 1 {
panic!("intentional test panic");
}
Ok(batch
.into_iter()
.map(|(i, _)| (i, dummy_vec(crate::constants::embedding_dim())))
.collect())
};
let rt = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_multi_thread()
.worker_threads(2)
.enable_all()
.build()
.expect("test runtime");
let result = rt.block_on(run_bounded(
batches,
permits,
dim,
CancellationToken::new(),
work,
&mut |_idx, _v| Ok(()),
));
let err = result.expect_err("panic must surface as an error");
assert!(
err.to_string().contains("panicked"),
"error must mention the panic: {err}"
);
}
#[test]
fn cancellation_terminates_fan_out_quickly() {
let permits = 2usize;
let batches = test_batches(8);
let dim = crate::constants::embedding_dim();
let token = CancellationToken::new();
let work = move |batch: Vec<(usize, String)>| async move {
tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(30)).await;
Ok(batch
.into_iter()
.map(|(i, _)| (i, dummy_vec(crate::constants::embedding_dim())))
.collect())
};
let rt = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_multi_thread()
.worker_threads(2)
.enable_all()
.build()
.expect("test runtime");
let cancel = token.clone();
let start = std::time::Instant::now();
let result = rt.block_on(async move {
tokio::spawn(async move {
tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(50)).await;
cancel.cancel();
});
run_bounded(batches, permits, dim, token, work, &mut |_idx, _v| Ok(())).await
});
assert!(result.is_err(), "cancelled fan-out must report an error");
assert!(
start.elapsed() < std::time::Duration::from_secs(10),
"graceful shutdown must finish well under the work duration"
);
}
#[test]
fn fan_out_rejects_divergent_dim() {
let permits = 2usize;
let batches = test_batches(2);
let dim = crate::constants::embedding_dim();
let work = move |batch: Vec<(usize, String)>| async move {
Ok(batch
.into_iter()
.map(|(i, _)| (i, vec![0.0f32; 3]))
.collect::<Vec<(usize, Vec<f32>)>>())
};
let rt = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_multi_thread()
.worker_threads(2)
.enable_all()
.build()
.expect("test runtime");
let result = rt.block_on(run_bounded(
batches,
permits,
dim,
CancellationToken::new(),
work,
&mut |_idx, _v| Ok(()),
));
let err = result.expect_err("divergent dim must fail the fan-out");
assert!(err.to_string().contains("G42/C5"), "error cites C5: {err}");
}
#[test]
fn adaptive_batch_dim64_keeps_calibrated_sizes() {
assert_eq!(adaptive_batch_for_dim(CHUNK_EMBED_BATCH_SIZE, 64), 8);
assert_eq!(adaptive_batch_for_dim(ENTITY_EMBED_BATCH_SIZE, 64), 25);
}
#[test]
fn adaptive_batch_dim384_shrinks() {
assert_eq!(adaptive_batch_for_dim(CHUNK_EMBED_BATCH_SIZE, 384), 1);
assert_eq!(adaptive_batch_for_dim(ENTITY_EMBED_BATCH_SIZE, 384), 4);
}
#[test]
fn adaptive_batch_intermediate_dims() {
assert_eq!(adaptive_batch_for_dim(8, 128), 4);
assert_eq!(adaptive_batch_for_dim(8, 256), 2);
}
#[test]
fn adaptive_batch_small_dim_clamps_to_base() {
assert_eq!(adaptive_batch_for_dim(8, 8), 8);
}
#[test]
fn adaptive_batch_total_function() {
assert_eq!(adaptive_batch_for_dim(8, 4096), 1);
assert_eq!(adaptive_batch_for_dim(8, 0), 8);
assert_eq!(adaptive_batch_for_dim(0, 64), 1);
}
#[test]
#[serial_test::serial(env)]
fn adaptive_wrappers_follow_env_dim() {
std::env::set_var("SQLITE_GRAPHRAG_EMBEDDING_DIM", "384");
let chunk = chunk_embed_batch_size();
let entity = entity_embed_batch_size();
std::env::remove_var("SQLITE_GRAPHRAG_EMBEDDING_DIM");
crate::constants::set_active_embedding_dim(crate::constants::DEFAULT_EMBEDDING_DIM);
assert_eq!(chunk, 1, "384-dim chunk batch must shrink to 1 (G44)");
assert_eq!(entity, 4, "384-dim entity batch must shrink to 4 (G44)");
}
}