sqlglot-rust 0.9.27

A SQL parser, optimizer, and transpiler library inspired by Python's sqlglot
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
use sqlglot_rust::schema::{MappingSchema, Schema, SchemaError, ensure_schema};
use sqlglot_rust::{Dialect, generate, parse, transpile};

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// Basic roundtrip tests
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_select() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, b FROM t WHERE a > 1";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_insert() {
    let sql = "INSERT INTO users (name, age) VALUES ('Alice', 30)";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_update() {
    let sql = "UPDATE users SET name = 'Bob' WHERE id = 1";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_delete() {
    let sql = "DELETE FROM users WHERE id = 1";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_create_table() {
    let sql = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS items (id INT NOT NULL, name VARCHAR(100), price DECIMAL(10, 2))";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_drop_table() {
    let sql = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS users";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_complex_query() {
    let sql = "SELECT u.id, u.name FROM users AS u INNER JOIN orders AS o ON u.id = o.user_id WHERE o.total > 100 ORDER BY u.name LIMIT 10";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// Serialization
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_ast_serialization() {
    let ast = parse("SELECT 1", Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let json = serde_json::to_string(&ast).unwrap();
    let deserialized: sqlglot_rust::Statement = serde_json::from_str(&json).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&deserialized, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, "SELECT 1");
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// CTEs
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_cte() {
    let sql = "WITH cte AS (SELECT 1 AS x) SELECT x FROM cte";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_recursive_cte() {
    let sql = "WITH RECURSIVE nums AS (SELECT 1 AS n) SELECT n FROM nums";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// Set operations
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_union() {
    let sql = "SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 2";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_intersect() {
    let sql = "SELECT a FROM t1 INTERSECT SELECT a FROM t2";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// CAST, EXTRACT, EXISTS, Window functions
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_cast() {
    let sql = "SELECT CAST(x AS INT) FROM t";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_extract() {
    let sql = "SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR FROM created_at) FROM t";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_exists() {
    let sql = "SELECT * FROM t WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM t2)";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_window_function() {
    let sql = "SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY dept ORDER BY salary DESC) FROM emp";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// Subqueries
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_subquery_from() {
    let sql = "SELECT * FROM (SELECT 1 AS x) AS sub";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_in_subquery() {
    let sql = "SELECT * FROM t WHERE id IN (SELECT id FROM t2)";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// DDL
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_create_view() {
    let sql = "CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT * FROM t";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_drop_view() {
    let sql = "DROP VIEW IF EXISTS v";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// Transaction statements
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_begin() {
    let ast = parse("BEGIN", Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi), "BEGIN");
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_commit() {
    let ast = parse("COMMIT", Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi), "COMMIT");
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// Transpile
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_transpile_identity() {
    let sql = "SELECT a FROM t WHERE a > 1";
    let result = transpile(sql, Dialect::Ansi, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(result, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_transpile_function_mapping() {
    // SUBSTR → SUBSTRING when targeting Postgres
    let result = transpile(
        "SELECT SUBSTR(name, 1, 3) FROM users",
        Dialect::Mysql,
        Dialect::Postgres,
    )
    .unwrap();
    assert!(result.contains("SUBSTRING"));
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// INSERT ... SELECT
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_insert_select() {
    let sql = "INSERT INTO t SELECT * FROM s";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// ON CONFLICT
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_on_conflict_nothing() {
    let sql = "INSERT INTO t (id) VALUES (1) ON CONFLICT (id) DO NOTHING";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Postgres).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Postgres);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// Optimizer
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_optimizer_constant_folding() {
    let ast = parse("SELECT 1 + 2 FROM t", Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let optimized = sqlglot_rust::optimizer::optimize(ast).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&optimized, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, "SELECT 3 FROM t");
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// AST traversal
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_find_columns() {
    let ast = parse("SELECT a, b, c FROM t WHERE a > 1", Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    if let sqlglot_rust::Statement::Select(sel) = &ast {
        if let Some(wh) = &sel.where_clause {
            let cols = sqlglot_rust::ast::find_columns(wh);
            assert_eq!(cols.len(), 1);
        }
    }
}

#[test]
fn test_find_tables() {
    let ast = parse(
        "SELECT * FROM users INNER JOIN orders ON users.id = orders.user_id",
        Dialect::Ansi,
    )
    .unwrap();
    let tables = sqlglot_rust::ast::find_tables(&ast);
    assert_eq!(tables.len(), 2);
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// Schema system integration tests
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_schema_from_create_table() {
    // Parse a CREATE TABLE and use it to populate a schema
    let sql =
        "CREATE TABLE products (id INT, name VARCHAR(100), price DECIMAL(10, 2), active BOOLEAN)";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();

    let mut schema = MappingSchema::new(Dialect::Ansi);

    if let sqlglot_rust::ast::Statement::CreateTable(ct) = &ast {
        let columns: Vec<(String, sqlglot_rust::ast::DataType)> = ct
            .columns
            .iter()
            .map(|col| (col.name.clone(), col.data_type.clone()))
            .collect();
        schema.add_table(&[&ct.table.name], columns).unwrap();
    }

    assert_eq!(
        schema.column_names(&["products"]).unwrap(),
        vec!["id", "name", "price", "active"]
    );
    assert_eq!(
        schema.get_column_type(&["products"], "price").unwrap(),
        sqlglot_rust::ast::DataType::Decimal {
            precision: Some(10),
            scale: Some(2)
        }
    );
    assert!(schema.has_column(&["products"], "active"));
    assert!(!schema.has_column(&["products"], "nonexistent"));
}

#[test]
fn test_schema_validates_query_columns() {
    // Build a schema and verify that query columns can be validated
    let mut schema = MappingSchema::new(Dialect::Postgres);
    schema
        .add_table(
            &["users"],
            vec![
                ("id".into(), sqlglot_rust::ast::DataType::Int),
                ("name".into(), sqlglot_rust::ast::DataType::Text),
                ("email".into(), sqlglot_rust::ast::DataType::Text),
            ],
        )
        .unwrap();

    let ast = parse(
        "SELECT id, name, email FROM users WHERE id > 10",
        Dialect::Postgres,
    )
    .unwrap();
    if let sqlglot_rust::ast::Statement::Select(sel) = &ast {
        // Verify all selected columns exist in schema
        for item in &sel.columns {
            if let sqlglot_rust::ast::SelectItem::Expr {
                expr: sqlglot_rust::ast::Expr::Column { name, .. },
                ..
            } = item
            {
                assert!(
                    schema.has_column(&["users"], name),
                    "Column {name} should exist in schema"
                );
            }
        }
    }
}

#[test]
fn test_schema_cross_dialect_normalization() {
    use std::collections::HashMap;

    // Build schema with ensure_schema helper
    let mut tables = HashMap::new();
    let mut cols = HashMap::new();
    cols.insert("UserId".to_string(), sqlglot_rust::ast::DataType::Int);
    cols.insert("UserName".to_string(), sqlglot_rust::ast::DataType::Text);
    tables.insert("UserAccounts".to_string(), cols);

    // Postgres: case-insensitive
    let pg_schema = ensure_schema(tables.clone(), Dialect::Postgres);
    assert!(pg_schema.has_column(&["useraccounts"], "userid"));
    assert!(pg_schema.has_column(&["USERACCOUNTS"], "USERNAME"));

    // BigQuery: case-sensitive
    let bq_schema = ensure_schema(tables, Dialect::BigQuery);
    assert!(bq_schema.has_column(&["UserAccounts"], "UserId"));
    assert!(!bq_schema.has_column(&["useraccounts"], "userid"));
}

#[test]
fn test_schema_duplicate_and_replace() {
    let mut schema = MappingSchema::new(Dialect::Ansi);
    schema
        .add_table(&["t"], vec![("a".into(), sqlglot_rust::ast::DataType::Int)])
        .unwrap();

    // Duplicate should fail
    let result = schema.add_table(
        &["t"],
        vec![("b".into(), sqlglot_rust::ast::DataType::Text)],
    );
    assert!(matches!(result, Err(SchemaError::DuplicateTable(_))));

    // Replace should succeed
    schema
        .replace_table(
            &["t"],
            vec![("b".into(), sqlglot_rust::ast::DataType::Text)],
        )
        .unwrap();
    assert!(schema.has_column(&["t"], "b"));
    assert!(!schema.has_column(&["t"], "a"));
}

#[test]
fn test_schema_udf_types() {
    let mut schema = MappingSchema::new(Dialect::Ansi);
    schema.add_udf("calculate_score", sqlglot_rust::ast::DataType::Double);
    schema.add_udf("format_name", sqlglot_rust::ast::DataType::Text);

    assert_eq!(
        schema.get_udf_type("calculate_score").unwrap(),
        &sqlglot_rust::ast::DataType::Double,
    );
    // Case-insensitive lookup in ANSI
    assert_eq!(
        schema.get_udf_type("CALCULATE_SCORE").unwrap(),
        &sqlglot_rust::ast::DataType::Double,
    );
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// GROUPING SETS, CUBE, ROLLUP tests
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_group_by_cube() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, b, SUM(c) FROM t GROUP BY CUBE(a, b)";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_group_by_rollup() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, b, SUM(c) FROM t GROUP BY ROLLUP(a, b)";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_group_by_grouping_sets() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, b, SUM(c) FROM t GROUP BY GROUPING SETS((a, b), (a), ())";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_group_by_cube_single_column() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, COUNT(*) FROM t GROUP BY CUBE(a)";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_group_by_rollup_three_columns() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, b, c, SUM(d) FROM t GROUP BY ROLLUP(a, b, c)";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_grouping_sets_with_empty_set() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, SUM(b) FROM t GROUP BY GROUPING SETS((a), ())";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_nested_grouping_sets_with_rollup() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, b, c, SUM(d) FROM t GROUP BY GROUPING SETS(ROLLUP(a, b), CUBE(c))";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_mixed_group_by_and_cube() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, b, c, SUM(d) FROM t GROUP BY a, CUBE(b, c)";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_mixed_group_by_and_rollup() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, b, c, SUM(d) FROM t GROUP BY a, ROLLUP(b, c)";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_grouping_function() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, b, GROUPING(a), SUM(c) FROM t GROUP BY CUBE(a, b)";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_grouping_function_multiple_args() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, b, GROUPING(a, b), SUM(c) FROM t GROUP BY CUBE(a, b)";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_cube_with_having() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, b, SUM(c) FROM t GROUP BY CUBE(a, b) HAVING SUM(c) > 10";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_rollup_with_order_by() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, b, SUM(c) FROM t GROUP BY ROLLUP(a, b) ORDER BY a";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_transpile_cube_across_dialects() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, b, SUM(c) FROM t GROUP BY CUBE(a, b)";
    for dialect in &[
        Dialect::Postgres,
        Dialect::Snowflake,
        Dialect::BigQuery,
        Dialect::Spark,
    ] {
        let result = transpile(sql, Dialect::Ansi, *dialect).unwrap();
        assert!(
            result.contains("CUBE"),
            "CUBE should be present in {:?} output: {}",
            dialect,
            result
        );
    }
}

#[test]
fn test_transpile_rollup_across_dialects() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, b, SUM(c) FROM t GROUP BY ROLLUP(a, b)";
    for dialect in &[
        Dialect::Postgres,
        Dialect::Snowflake,
        Dialect::BigQuery,
        Dialect::Spark,
    ] {
        let result = transpile(sql, Dialect::Ansi, *dialect).unwrap();
        assert!(
            result.contains("ROLLUP"),
            "ROLLUP should be present in {:?} output: {}",
            dialect,
            result
        );
    }
}

#[test]
fn test_transpile_grouping_sets_across_dialects() {
    let sql = "SELECT a, b, SUM(c) FROM t GROUP BY GROUPING SETS((a, b), (a), ())";
    for dialect in &[
        Dialect::Postgres,
        Dialect::Snowflake,
        Dialect::BigQuery,
        Dialect::Spark,
    ] {
        let result = transpile(sql, Dialect::Ansi, *dialect).unwrap();
        assert!(
            result.contains("GROUPING SETS"),
            "GROUPING SETS should be present in {:?} output: {}",
            dialect,
            result
        );
    }
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// MERGE statement tests
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_merge_basic() {
    let sql = "MERGE INTO target AS t USING source AS s ON t.id = s.id WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET t.name = s.name WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (id, name) VALUES (s.id, s.name)";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_merge_with_delete() {
    let sql = "MERGE INTO target USING source ON target.id = source.id WHEN MATCHED THEN DELETE";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_merge_multiple_when_clauses() {
    let sql = "MERGE INTO inventory AS inv USING shipments AS s ON inv.product_id = s.product_id WHEN MATCHED AND s.quantity > 0 THEN UPDATE SET inv.quantity = inv.quantity + s.quantity WHEN MATCHED AND s.quantity = 0 THEN DELETE WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (product_id, quantity) VALUES (s.product_id, s.quantity)";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_merge_not_matched_by_source() {
    // T-SQL extension: WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE
    let sql = "MERGE INTO target USING source ON target.id = source.id WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE THEN DELETE";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_merge_insert_row() {
    // BigQuery extension: INSERT ROW
    let sql =
        "MERGE INTO target USING source ON target.id = source.id WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT ROW";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_merge_subquery_source() {
    let sql = "MERGE INTO target USING (SELECT id, name FROM staging) AS s ON target.id = s.id WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET target.name = s.name";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&ast, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_roundtrip_merge_without_into() {
    // MERGE without INTO keyword (both forms should work)
    let sql = "MERGE INTO target USING source ON target.id = source.id WHEN MATCHED THEN DELETE";
    let ast_with = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let sql_without = "MERGE target USING source ON target.id = source.id WHEN MATCHED THEN DELETE";
    let ast_without = parse(sql_without, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    // Both parse the same and generate with INTO
    let output_with = generate(&ast_with, Dialect::Ansi);
    let output_without = generate(&ast_without, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output_with, output_without);
}

#[test]
fn test_merge_ast_structure() {
    let sql = "MERGE INTO dst USING src ON dst.id = src.id WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET dst.val = src.val WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (id, val) VALUES (src.id, src.val)";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    match &ast {
        sqlglot_rust::Statement::Merge(m) => {
            assert_eq!(m.target.name, "dst");
            assert_eq!(m.clauses.len(), 2);
            assert_eq!(m.clauses[0].kind, sqlglot_rust::MergeClauseKind::Matched);
            assert_eq!(m.clauses[1].kind, sqlglot_rust::MergeClauseKind::NotMatched);
        }
        other => panic!("Expected Merge statement, got {:?}", other),
    }
}

#[test]
fn test_merge_serialization() {
    let sql = "MERGE INTO target USING source ON target.id = source.id WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET target.name = source.name";
    let ast = parse(sql, Dialect::Ansi).unwrap();
    let json = serde_json::to_string(&ast).unwrap();
    let deserialized: sqlglot_rust::Statement = serde_json::from_str(&json).unwrap();
    let output = generate(&deserialized, Dialect::Ansi);
    assert_eq!(output, sql);
}

#[test]
fn test_merge_transpile_across_dialects() {
    let sql = "MERGE INTO target USING source ON target.id = source.id WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET target.name = source.name WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (id, name) VALUES (source.id, source.name)";
    for dialect in &[
        Dialect::Ansi,
        Dialect::Snowflake,
        Dialect::BigQuery,
        Dialect::Tsql,
        Dialect::Spark,
        Dialect::Databricks,
        Dialect::Postgres,
    ] {
        let result = transpile(sql, Dialect::Ansi, *dialect)
            .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("Transpile to {:?} failed: {}", dialect, e));
        assert!(
            result.contains("MERGE INTO"),
            "MERGE INTO should be present in {:?} output: {}",
            dialect,
            result
        );
    }
}