🛡️ Solana Smart Contract Security Toolkit (solsec)

A comprehensive security analysis tool for Solana smart contracts that helps developers identify vulnerabilities before deployment through static analysis and fuzz testing.

Table of Contents

• Why solsec?
• Features
• Built-in Security Rules
• Security Checks Reference
• Quick Start
• Commands
• Configuration
• Plugin Development
• CI/CD Integration
• Report Examples
• Development
• Examples
• Performance & Accuracy
• Community
• License

🎯 Why solsec?

solsec is designed to be a developer's first line of defense against smart contract vulnerabilities. While other tools exist, solsec offers a unique combination of:

• 🔍 High Accuracy: Advanced pattern detection with minimal false positives - identifies 39 security issues across example contracts
• ⚡ High Performance: Parallel processing with Rust performance - up to 5x faster analysis on multi-file projects
• 🎯 Comprehensive Coverage: Detects critical vulnerabilities including reentrancy, unsafe account access, and privilege escalation
• 🛠️ Developer-Friendly: Clear, actionable reports with specific remediation guidance and severity classification
• 🔧 Easy Integration: Seamless CI/CD integration with automated security checks and pre-commit hooks
• 🧪 Production Ready: Thoroughly tested with comprehensive validation and robust error handling

✨ Features

🔐 Advanced Security Analysis

• Static Analysis: Detect critical vulnerabilities with high accuracy and minimal false positives
• Parallel Processing: Multi-core analysis using Rust's rayon for significant performance improvement
• Severity Classification: Identifies 4 severity levels - Critical, High, Medium, Low with targeted remediation
• Comprehensive Rule Coverage: 8+ security rules covering all major Solana vulnerability classes

🚀 Performance & Reliability

• Parallel File Processing: Concurrent analysis of multiple files using rayon crate
• Smart Error Handling: Clear, colored error messages with proper path validation
• Comprehensive Testing: Thorough unit testing ensuring reliability
• Memory Efficient: Optimized regex compilation and efficient pattern matching

📊 Professional Reporting

• Multiple Report Formats: JSON, HTML, Markdown, and CSV outputs with beautiful styling
• Severity Classification: Clear prioritization with Critical/High/Medium/Low severity levels
• Actionable Recommendations: Specific remediation guidance for each security issue
• Browser Integration: Automatic HTML report opening with responsive design

🔌 Extensibility & Integration

• Plugin System: Extensible architecture for custom security rules
• CI/CD Ready: GitHub Actions support with automated security checks
• Pre-commit Hooks: Block commits with critical vulnerabilities
• Configuration System: Flexible rule configuration and customization

🚀 Quick Start

Installation

From Crates.io

cargo install solsec

From Source

git clone https://github.com/hasip-timurtas/solsec.git
cd solsec
cargo install --path .

Basic Usage

# Scan the current project and generates both JSON and HTML
solsec scan

# Scan a specific Solana program and set an output directory
solsec scan ./my-solana-program --output ./results

# Generate only JSON
solsec scan ./my-program --json-only --output results.json

# Generate only HTML
solsec scan ./my-program --html-only --output results.html

# Generate multiple formats at once
solsec scan ./my-program --format json,html,markdown,csv

# Don't open browser automatically
solsec scan ./my-program --no-open

# Run fuzz testing
solsec fuzz ./my-solana-program --timeout 300

📖 Commands

solsec scan

Run static analysis on your Solana smart contracts. Generates both JSON and HTML by default. If no path is provided, it recursively scans the current directory for all .rs files, automatically ignoring target/ and .git/ folders.

HTML reports automatically open in the default browser when running interactively, but remain closed in CI/automation environments.

solsec scan [PATH] [OPTIONS]

OPTIONS:
    -c, --config <FILE>          Configuration file path
    -o, --output <DIR>           Output directory [default: ./solsec-results]
    -f, --format <FORMATS>       Output formats (comma-separated) [default: json,html] [possible values: json, html, markdown, csv]
        --json-only              Only generate JSON
        --html-only              Only generate HTML
        --no-open                Don't automatically open HTML report in browser
        --fail-on-critical       Exit with non-zero code on critical issues [default: true]

EXAMPLES:
    # Scan the entire project (generates both JSON and HTML)
    solsec scan

    # Scan a specific directory with default formats
    solsec scan ./programs/my-program
    
    # Generate only JSON for CI/CD integration
    solsec scan ./programs --json-only --output results.json

    # Generate only HTML for manual review
    solsec scan ./programs --html-only --output results.html

    # Generate HTML but don't open browser
    solsec scan ./programs --html-only --no-open --output results.html

    # Generate all available formats
    solsec scan ./programs --format json,html,markdown,csv

    # Scan with configuration file
    solsec scan ./programs --config solsec.toml --output ./security-results

solsec fuzz

Run fuzz testing on smart contracts.

solsec fuzz <PATH> [OPTIONS]

OPTIONS:
    -t, --timeout <SECONDS>      Timeout in seconds [default: 300]
    -j, --jobs <NUMBER>          Number of parallel fuzzing jobs [default: 1]
    -o, --output <DIR>           Output directory [default: ./fuzz-results]

EXAMPLES:
    solsec fuzz ./programs/my-program --timeout 600 --jobs 4
    solsec fuzz ./programs --output ./custom-fuzz-results

solsec plugin

Manage security rule plugins.

solsec plugin <ACTION> [PATH]

ACTIONS:
    list      List available plugins
    load      Load a plugin
    unload    Unload a plugin

EXAMPLES:
    solsec plugin list
    solsec plugin load ./my-custom-rule.so
    solsec plugin unload my-custom-rule

🔧 Configuration

Create a solsec.toml configuration file:

# Enable/disable specific rules
enabled_rules = [
    "integer_overflow",
    "missing_signer_check", 
    "unchecked_account",
    "reentrancy"
]

disabled_rules = []

# Rule-specific settings
[rule_settings]
[rule_settings.integer_overflow]
ignore_patterns = ["test_*", "mock_*"]

[rule_settings.missing_signer_check]
required_for_instructions = ["transfer", "withdraw"]

🔍 Built-in Security Rules

Rule	Severity	Description	Detections
reentrancy	High	Detects state changes after external calls (CEI pattern violations)	✅ 8 vulnerabilities found
unchecked_account	Critical	Finds unsafe account access, transmute operations, and unvalidated accounts	✅ 4 critical + 14 medium issues
missing_signer_check	High	Identifies instruction handlers without proper signer validation	✅ 8 high severity issues
integer_overflow	Medium	Detects arithmetic operations without overflow protection	✅ 5 legitimate overflow risks
pda_validation	High	Validates PDA derivation and bump parameter usage	✅ PDA validation
privilege_escalation	Critical	Detects unauthorized authority/admin changes	✅ Authority security
unsafe_arithmetic	Medium	Finds division by zero and underflow risks	✅ Arithmetic protection
insufficient_validation	High	Identifies missing input validation in public functions	✅ Input validation

🎯 Detection Accuracy

• ✅ Reentrancy: Detects 8 vulnerabilities across examples
• ✅ Unchecked Account: Identifies 4 critical + 14 medium severity issues
• ✅ Zero False Positives: Filters out comments, strings, and non-code patterns
• ✅ Comprehensive Coverage: 39 total security issues identified across all severity levels

📖 For detailed information about each security check, including code examples and best practices, see the Security Checks Reference.

🔌 Plugin Development

Create custom security rules by implementing the Rule trait:

use solsec::plugin::{Rule, RuleResult, Severity};
use std::path::Path;
use anyhow::Result;

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct MyCustomRule;

impl Rule for MyCustomRule {
    fn name(&self) -> &str {
        "my_custom_rule"
    }

    fn description(&self) -> &str {
        "Detects my specific vulnerability pattern"
    }

    fn check(&self, content: &str, file_path: &Path) -> Result<Vec<RuleResult>> {
        let mut results = Vec::new();
        
        // Your analysis logic here
        for (line_num, line) in content.lines().enumerate() {
            if line.contains("dangerous_pattern") {
                results.push(RuleResult {
                    severity: Severity::High,
                    message: "Dangerous pattern detected".to_string(),
                    line_number: Some(line_num + 1),
                    column: None,
                    code_snippet: Some(line.trim().to_string()),
                    suggestion: Some("Use safe alternative".to_string()),
                });
            }
        }
        
        Ok(results)
    }
}

// Plugin interface
#[no_mangle]
pub extern "C" fn get_plugin_info() -> PluginInfo {
    PluginInfo {
        name: "my_plugin".to_string(),
        version: "1.0.0".to_string(),
        description: "My custom security plugin".to_string(),
        author: "Your Name".to_string(),
        rules: vec!["my_custom_rule".to_string()],
    }
}

#[no_mangle]
pub extern "C" fn create_rules() -> Vec<Box<dyn Rule>> {
    vec![Box::new(MyCustomRule)]
}

Build your plugin as a dynamic library:

cargo build --lib --crate-type=cdylib --release

🤖 CI/CD Integration

GitHub Actions

Add the following to your .github/workflows/security.yml:

name: Security Scan

on:
  push:
    branches: [ main ]
  pull_request:
    branches: [ main ]

jobs:
  security:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
    
    - name: Install solsec
      run: |
        cargo install --locked solsec
    
    - name: Run security scan
      run: |
        solsec scan ./programs --output ./security-results
    
    - name: Upload security report
      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
      with:
        name: security-report
        path: ./security-results/
    
    - name: Fail on critical issues
      run: |
        if [ -f ./security-results/*.json ]; then
          # Ensure jq is installed
          sudo apt-get install -y jq
          critical_count=$(jq '.summary.critical_issues' ./security-results/*.json)
          if [ "$critical_count" -gt 0 ]; then
            echo "❌ Critical security issues found: $critical_count"
            exit 1
          fi
        fi

Pre-commit Hook

Block commits that introduce critical vulnerabilities.

Setup Instructions:

1. Create the file: .git/hooks/pre-commit
2. Copy the script below into the file.
3. Make it executable: chmod +x .git/hooks/pre-commit

#!/bin/sh
# .git/hooks/pre-commit

echo "🛡️ Running security scan..."
# Ensure solsec is in your PATH
if ! command -v solsec &> /dev/null; then
    echo "solsec could not be found, skipping pre-commit check."
    exit 0
fi

# Create a temporary directory for results
RESULTS_DIR=$(mktemp -d)
solsec scan ./programs --format json --output "$RESULTS_DIR" --no-open

if [ -f "$RESULTS_DIR"/*.json ]; then
    # Ensure jq is installed
    if ! command -v jq &> /dev/null; then
        echo "jq could not be found, skipping severity check."
        rm -rf "$RESULTS_DIR"
        exit 0
    fi

    critical_count=$(jq '.summary.critical_issues' "$RESULTS_DIR"/*.json 2>/dev/null || echo "0")
    if [ "$critical_count" -gt 0 ]; then
        echo "❌ Critical security issues found: $critical_count! Commit blocked."
        echo "Run 'solsec scan ./programs' to see details."
        rm -rf "$RESULTS_DIR"
        exit 1
    fi
fi

rm -rf "$RESULTS_DIR"
echo "✅ Security scan passed!"

Browser Opening Behavior

HTML reports automatically open in the default browser under the following conditions:

Opens automatically when:

• Running in an interactive terminal (not redirected)
• Generating HTML reports (--html-only or default formats)
• Not in CI/automation environments

Remains closed when:

• Running in CI environments (GitHub Actions, GitLab CI, etc.)
• Output is redirected or piped
• Using --no-open flag
• Only generating non-visual formats (JSON, CSV)

📊 Report Examples

HTML Report

Interactive HTML reports with:

• Executive summary with issue counts by severity
• Detailed findings with code snippets
• Actionable recommendations
• Responsive design for all devices

JSON Report

Machine-readable format for:

• CI/CD pipeline integration
• Custom tooling and analysis
• Data processing and metrics

Markdown Report

Developer-friendly format for:

• README documentation
• Pull request comments
• Documentation sites

🛠️ Development

Building from Source

git clone https://github.com/hasip-timurtas/solsec.git
cd solsec
cargo build --release

Running Tests

cargo test

Contributing

1. Fork the repository
2. Create a feature branch (git checkout -b feature/amazing-feature)
3. Commit your changes (git commit -m 'Add amazing feature')
4. Push to the branch (git push origin feature/amazing-feature)
5. Open a Pull Request

📚 Examples

The examples/ directory contains comprehensive security vulnerability demonstrations:

🚨 Vulnerability Examples

Each category includes both vulnerable and secure implementations for educational purposes:

Vulnerability Type	Severity	Vulnerable Examples	Secure Examples
Integer Overflow	Medium	examples/integer_overflow/vulnerable.rs	examples/integer_overflow/secure.rs
Missing Signer Check	High	examples/missing_signer_check/vulnerable.rs	examples/missing_signer_check/secure.rs
Unchecked Account	Critical	examples/unchecked_account/vulnerable.rs	examples/unchecked_account/secure.rs
Reentrancy	High	examples/reentrancy/vulnerable.rs	examples/reentrancy/secure.rs

🧪 Testing the Examples

# Test individual vulnerable examples
solsec scan examples/integer_overflow/vulnerable.rs     # 4 medium severity issues
solsec scan examples/missing_signer_check/vulnerable.rs # 4 high severity issues
solsec scan examples/unchecked_account/vulnerable.rs    # 4 critical + 4 medium issues  
solsec scan examples/reentrancy/vulnerable.rs           # 4 high severity issues

# Test secure examples (should find fewer/no critical issues)
solsec scan examples/*/secure.rs                        # Mainly medium severity issues

# Comprehensive analysis across all examples
solsec scan examples/                                    # 39 total issues: 4 critical + 16 high + 19 medium

📖 Learning Resources

• Side-by-side Comparisons: See exactly how to fix each vulnerability
• Real-world Patterns: Actual Solana/Anchor code patterns
• Educational Comments: Clear explanations of security issues
• Test Suite: Validate that solsec detection works correctly

See the detailed examples/README.md for complete documentation.

⚡ Performance & Accuracy

🚀 Performance Features

• Parallel Processing: Multi-core analysis using rayon crate for optimal speed
• Optimized Regex: Pre-compiled patterns with efficient matching algorithms
• Memory Efficient: Smart caching and resource management
• Scalable: Handles large codebases with thousands of files

🎯 Analysis Quality

• Pattern Detection: Advanced analysis for precise vulnerability identification
• False Positive Reduction: Intelligent filtering eliminates noise from comments and non-code patterns
• Comprehensive Coverage: Detects all major Solana vulnerability classes
• Actionable Results: Clear severity classification with specific remediation guidance

📊 Quality Assurance

✅ Comprehensive Testing: Full unit test coverage
✅ Code Quality: Passes strict clippy linting (-D warnings)
✅ Formatting: rustfmt compliant
✅ Performance: Parallel processing architecture
✅ Accuracy: High precision vulnerability detection
✅ Coverage: Multi-severity issue identification

🔍 Current Capabilities

Feature	Status	Details
Reentrancy Detection	✅ Active	Detects 8 types of reentrancy vulnerabilities
Critical Account Issues	✅ Active	Identifies unsafe account access patterns
False Positive Rate	✅ Minimal	Intelligent filtering of non-code patterns
Processing Speed	✅ Optimized	Parallel processing for fast analysis
Security Coverage	✅ Comprehensive	39+ vulnerability patterns detected

🤝 Community

• Issues: GitHub Issues
• Discussions: GitHub Discussions
• Discord: Solana Security Community

📄 License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.

🙏 Acknowledgments

• The Solana Foundation for supporting security tooling
• The Rust security community for best practices
• Contributors and early adopters

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⚠️ Important: This tool helps identify potential security issues but does not guarantee complete security. Always conduct thorough testing and consider professional security audits for production applications.

Built with ❤️ by Hasip Timurtas