sit-algos 0.3.0

Implementation of decompression algorithms used by StuffIt Expander and related applications
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
use std::io::{self, Seek as _};

use bitstream_io::Endianness;
use bitstream_io::{BigEndian, BitRead, BitReader};

const FIXED_CODE_LENGTHS: [usize; 257] = [
    3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7,
    7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8,
    8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9,
    9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 10, 10, 9, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10,
    10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10,
    10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
    11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
    11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
    11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
    11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 13, 13, 12,
];

#[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
pub enum Error {
    #[error("Invalid huffman tree")]
    InvalidTree,

    #[error("The input stream ended too soon")]
    InsufficentSize,

    #[error("Invalid stream")]
    InvalidStream,

    #[error(transparent)]
    Io(#[from] io::Error),
}

impl From<Error> for io::Error {
    fn from(val: Error) -> Self {
        match val {
            Error::Io(error) => error,
            me => io::Error::other(me),
        }
    }
}

pub struct HuffmanReader<R: io::Read + io::Seek> {
    inner: bitstream_io::BitReader<R, BigEndian>,
    uncompressed_size: u64,
    offset: u64,

    tree: FixedHuffmanDecoder,
    translations: [u8; 257],

    current_block_size: usize,
    current_block_offset: usize,

    packbits_operation: packbits_rle::Operation,
    packbits_cursor: io::Cursor<Vec<u8>>,
}

impl<R: io::Read + io::Seek> HuffmanReader<R> {
    pub fn try_from(inner: R, uncompressed_size: u64) -> Result<Self, Error> {
        let inner = bitstream_io::BitReader::new(inner);
        let tree = Self::build_decoder();

        Ok(Self {
            inner,
            uncompressed_size,
            offset: 0,
            tree,
            translations: [0u8; 257],

            current_block_size: 0,
            current_block_offset: 0,

            packbits_operation: Default::default(),
            packbits_cursor: io::Cursor::new(Vec::new()),
        })
    }

    fn build_decoder() -> FixedHuffmanDecoder {
        let mut tree = FixedHuffmanDecoder::new();

        let mut last_length = 0;
        let mut last_code = 0;

        FIXED_CODE_LENGTHS
            .iter()
            .enumerate()
            .for_each(|(i, length)| {
                let mut thiscode;

                if last_length == 0 {
                    thiscode = 0;
                } else if *length < last_length {
                    thiscode = (last_code >> (last_length - length)) + 1;
                } else {
                    thiscode = last_code + 1;
                    if *length > last_length {
                        thiscode <<= length - last_length;
                    }
                }

                last_length = *length;
                last_code = thiscode;

                tree.add_value(i as i32, thiscode as u32, *length, *length)
                    .unwrap();
            });

        tree.make_table(false);
        tree
    }

    pub fn open_block(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
        assert!(
            self.inner.position_in_bits()? % 8 == 0,
            "Should be opening at byte boundary",
        );
        let mut block_size: i32 = self.inner.read_var(32)?;
        if block_size > 0 {
            if block_size < 4 {
                return Err(Error::InvalidStream)?;
            }
            block_size -= 4;

            let uncompressed_block_size: u32 = self.inner.read_var(32)?;
            self.current_block_offset = 0;
            self.current_block_size = uncompressed_block_size as usize;

            let bytes_read = self.read_huffman_symbols_for_block()?;
            let mut chunk = vec![0u8; block_size as usize - bytes_read - 4];
            self.inner.read_bytes(&mut chunk)?;
            let chunk_reader = io::Cursor::new(chunk);
            let mut bitstream: bitstream_io::BitReader<_, BigEndian> =
                bitstream_io::BitReader::new(chunk_reader);
            let mut buffer = vec![0u8; self.current_block_size + 1];
            for (idx, byte) in buffer.iter_mut().enumerate() {
                match self.tree.next_symbol(&mut bitstream)? {
                    v if (0..256).contains(&v) => {
                        self.current_block_offset += 1;
                        *byte = self.translations[v as usize];
                    }
                    _ => {
                        log::info!(
                            "Stop code at byte {idx} (expected {})",
                            self.current_block_size
                        );
                        buffer.truncate(idx);
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            self.packbits_cursor = io::Cursor::new(buffer);

            Ok(())
        } else {
            // packbits
            self.current_block_offset = 0;
            self.current_block_size = (-block_size) as usize;
            if self.current_block_size < 4 {
                return Err(Error::InvalidStream)?;
            }
            self.current_block_size -= 4;

            let mut buffer = vec![0u8; self.current_block_size];
            self.inner.read_bytes(&mut buffer)?;
            self.packbits_cursor = io::Cursor::new(buffer);

            Ok(())
        }
    }

    fn next_byte(&mut self) -> io::Result<Option<u8>> {
        if self.stream_position()? >= self.stream_len()? {
            return Ok(None);
        }

        match self.packbits_operation.advance(&mut self.packbits_cursor) {
            Ok((byte, next_state)) => {
                self.packbits_operation = next_state;
                Ok(Some(byte))
            }
            Err(packbits_rle::OperationError::InsufficientInput(command)) => {
                self.open_block()?;
                let (byte, next_state) = command.execute(&mut self.packbits_cursor)?;
                self.packbits_operation = next_state;
                Ok(Some(byte))
            }
            Err(packbits_rle::OperationError::UnexpectedEof) => {
                self.open_block()?;
                let (byte, next_state) =
                    packbits_rle::Operation::default().advance(&mut self.packbits_cursor)?;
                self.packbits_operation = next_state;
                Ok(Some(byte))
            }
            Err(e) => Err(e)?,
        }
    }

    fn read_huffman_symbols_for_block(&mut self) -> io::Result<usize> {
        assert!(
            self.inner.position_in_bits()? % 8 == 0,
            "Should be reading symbols at byte boundary",
        );
        let symbol_count: u16 = self.inner.read_var(16)?;
        if symbol_count >= 256 {
            return Err(Error::InvalidStream)?;
        }

        //for i in 0..(symbol_count as usize) {
        //self.translations[i] = self.inner.read_var(8)?;
        //}
        self.inner
            .read_bytes(&mut self.translations[0..(symbol_count as usize)])?;

        Ok(symbol_count as usize + 2)
    }

    pub fn into_inner(self) -> R {
        self.inner.into_reader()
    }
}

impl<R: io::Read + io::Seek> io::Read for HuffmanReader<R> {
    #[inline]
    fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
        for (idx, byte) in buf.iter_mut().enumerate() {
            match self.next_byte()? {
                Some(value) => {
                    self.offset += 1;
                    *byte = value;
                }
                None => return Ok(idx),
            }
        }

        Ok(buf.len())
    }
}

impl<R: io::Read + io::Seek> io::Seek for HuffmanReader<R> {
    fn seek(&mut self, _: io::SeekFrom) -> io::Result<u64> {
        todo!()
    }

    #[inline]
    fn stream_len(&mut self) -> io::Result<u64> {
        Ok(self.uncompressed_size)
    }

    #[inline]
    fn stream_position(&mut self) -> io::Result<u64> {
        Ok(self.offset)
    }
}

#[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
pub enum InitializationError {
    #[error("Prefix already exists")]
    DuplicatedPrefix,
    #[error("Invalid repeat position")]
    InvalidRepeatPosition,
    #[error("Invalid repeating code")]
    InvaildRepeatingCode,
}

impl From<InitializationError> for io::Error {
    fn from(value: InitializationError) -> Self {
        io::Error::other(value)
    }
}

#[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
pub enum DecompressionError {
    #[error("Invalid prefix code when getting next symbol [length]")]
    InvalidPrefixCodeLength,
    #[error("Invalid prefix code when getting next symbol [code]")]
    InvalidPrefixCodeCode,
}

impl From<DecompressionError> for io::Error {
    fn from(value: DecompressionError) -> Self {
        io::Error::other(value)
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
struct HuffmanTreeNode {
    left: i32,
    right: i32,
}

#[derive(Default, Clone)]
struct HuffmanTableRow {
    length: i32,
    value: i32,
}

#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct FixedHuffmanDecoder {
    min_length: usize,
    max_length: usize,

    tree: Vec<HuffmanTreeNode>,

    table: Option<Vec<HuffmanTableRow>>,
    table_size: usize,
}

impl Default for FixedHuffmanDecoder {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::new()
    }
}

impl FixedHuffmanDecoder {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        let mut me = Self {
            min_length: usize::MAX,
            max_length: usize::MIN,
            tree: Vec::new(),
            table: None,
            table_size: 0,
        };
        me.new_node();
        me
    }

    pub fn initialize(
        lengths: &[isize],
        max_code_length: isize,
        zeros: bool,
    ) -> Result<Self, InitializationError> {
        let mut me = Self::new();
        let mut code = 0;
        let mut unhandled_symbols = lengths.len();

        for length in 1..=max_code_length {
            for (i, cur_len) in lengths.iter().enumerate() {
                if *cur_len != length {
                    continue;
                }

                me.add_value(
                    i as i32,
                    if zeros { code } else { !code },
                    length as usize,
                    length as usize,
                )?;

                code += 1;

                unhandled_symbols -= 1;
                if unhandled_symbols == 0 {
                    break;
                }
            }

            code <<= 1;
        }

        Ok(me)
    }

    pub fn add_value(
        &mut self,
        value: i32,
        code: u32,
        length: usize,
        repeat_pos: usize,
    ) -> Result<(), InitializationError> {
        self.max_length = self.max_length.max(length);
        self.min_length = self.min_length.min(length);

        let repeat_pos = length as isize - 1 - repeat_pos as isize;
        let mut last_node = 0;

        let codest = (((repeat_pos - 1) as u32) >> 1) & 3;
        if repeat_pos == 0 || (repeat_pos >= 0 && (codest == 0 || codest == 3)) {
            return Err(InitializationError::InvalidRepeatPosition);
        }

        let mut bitpos = length as isize - 1;
        loop {
            if bitpos < 0 {
                break;
            }

            let bit = ((code >> bitpos) & 1) != 0;
            if self.is_leaf_node(last_node) {
                return Err(InitializationError::DuplicatedPrefix);
            };

            if bitpos == repeat_pos {
                if !self.is_open_branch(last_node, bit) {
                    return Err(InitializationError::InvaildRepeatingCode);
                };

                let repeat_node = self.new_node();
                let next_node = self.new_node();

                self.set_branch(last_node, bit, repeat_node);
                self.set_branch(repeat_node, bit, repeat_node);
                self.set_branch(repeat_node, !bit, next_node);

                last_node = next_node;

                bitpos += 1;
            } else {
                if self.is_open_branch(last_node, bit) {
                    let new_node = self.new_node();
                    self.set_branch(last_node, bit, new_node);
                }
                last_node = self.branch(last_node, bit);
            }

            bitpos -= 1;
        }

        if !self.is_empty_node(last_node) {
            return Err(InitializationError::DuplicatedPrefix);
        }

        self.set_leaf_value(last_node, value);

        Ok(())
    }

    pub(crate) fn new_node(&mut self) -> i32 {
        self.tree.push(HuffmanTreeNode {
            left: -1,
            right: -2,
        });
        self.tree.len() as i32 - 1
    }

    pub(crate) fn set_leaf_value(&mut self, node: i32, value: i32) {
        self.set_branch(node, false, value);
        self.set_branch(node, true, value);
    }

    fn leaf_value(&self, node: i32) -> i32 {
        assert!(self.branch(node, false) == self.branch(node, true));
        self.branch(node, false)
    }

    fn is_empty_node(&self, node: i32) -> bool {
        self.branch(node, false) == -1 && self.branch(node, true) == -2
    }

    fn is_leaf_node(&self, node: i32) -> bool {
        self.branch(node, false) == self.branch(node, true)
    }

    fn is_open_branch(&self, node: i32, right_branch: bool) -> bool {
        if right_branch {
            self.tree[node as usize].right < 0
        } else {
            self.tree[node as usize].left < 0
        }
    }

    pub(crate) fn set_branch(&mut self, node: i32, right_branch: bool, value: i32) {
        if right_branch {
            self.tree[node as usize].right = value;
        } else {
            self.tree[node as usize].left = value;
        }
    }

    fn branch(&self, node: i32, right_branch: bool) -> i32 {
        if right_branch {
            self.tree[node as usize].right
        } else {
            self.tree[node as usize].left
        }
    }

    fn is_invalid_node(&self, node: i32) -> bool {
        node < 0
    }

    pub fn add_value_lf(
        &mut self,
        value: i32,
        code: u32,
        length: usize,
        repeat_pos: usize,
    ) -> Result<(), InitializationError> {
        self.add_value(value, reverse_n(code, length), length, repeat_pos)
    }

    #[inline]
    pub fn next_symbol<R: io::Read + io::Seek, E: Endianness>(
        &mut self,
        input: &mut bitstream_io::BitReader<R, E>,
    ) -> io::Result<i32> {
        let Some(_) = self.table.as_ref() else {
            panic!("Huffman: search table not built");
        };

        let mut node = 0;
        loop {
            if self.is_leaf_node(node) {
                break;
            }
            let bit = input.read_bit()?;
            if self.is_open_branch(node, bit) {
                return Err(DecompressionError::InvalidPrefixCodeCode)?;
            }
            node = self.branch(node, bit);
        }

        Ok(self.leaf_value(node))
    }

    fn make_table_recursive_le(&mut self, node: i32, table: &mut [HuffmanTableRow], depth: i32) {
        let curr_table_size = 1 << (self.table_size as i32 - depth);
        let curr_stride = 1 << depth;

        if self.is_invalid_node(node) {
            for i in 0..curr_table_size {
                table[i * curr_stride].length = -1;
            }
        } else if self.is_leaf_node(node) {
            for i in 0..curr_table_size {
                table[i * curr_stride].length = depth;
                table[i * curr_stride].value = self.leaf_value(node);
            }
        } else if depth == self.table_size as i32 {
            table[0].length = self.table_size as i32 + 1;
            table[0].value = node;
        } else {
            self.make_table_recursive_le(self.branch(node, false), table, depth + 1);
            let size = table.len();
            self.make_table_recursive_le(
                self.branch(node, true),
                &mut table[curr_stride..size],
                depth + 1,
            );
        }
    }

    fn make_table_recursive_be(&mut self, node: i32, table: &mut [HuffmanTableRow], depth: i32) {
        let curr_table_size = 1 << (self.table_size as i32 - depth);

        if self.is_invalid_node(node) {
            table
                .iter_mut()
                .take(curr_table_size)
                .for_each(|i| i.length = -1);
        } else if self.is_leaf_node(node) {
            table.iter_mut().take(curr_table_size).for_each(|i| {
                i.length = depth;
                i.value = self.leaf_value(node);
            });
        } else if depth == self.table_size as i32 {
            table[0].length = self.table_size as i32 + 1;
            table[0].value = node;
        } else {
            self.make_table_recursive_be(self.branch(node, false), table, depth + 1);
            let size = table.len();
            self.make_table_recursive_be(
                self.branch(node, true),
                &mut table[(curr_table_size / 2)..size],
                depth + 1,
            );
        }
    }

    pub fn make_table(&mut self, little_endian: bool) {
        self.table_size = if self.max_length < self.min_length || self.max_length >= 10 {
            10
        } else {
            self.max_length
        };

        let mut table = vec![Default::default(); 1 << self.table_size];
        if little_endian {
            self.make_table_recursive_le(0, &mut table, 0)
        } else {
            self.make_table_recursive_be(0, &mut table, 0)
        }
        self.table = Some(table);
    }
}

#[inline]
fn reverse(value: u32) -> u32 {
    let mut val = value;
    val = ((val >> 1) & 0x55555555) | ((val & 0x55555555) << 1);
    val = ((val >> 2) & 0x33333333) | ((val & 0x33333333) << 2);
    val = ((val >> 4) & 0x0F0F0F0F) | ((val & 0x0F0F0F0F) << 4);
    val = ((val >> 8) & 0x00FF00FF) | ((val & 0x00FF00FF) << 8);
    val.rotate_left(16)
}

#[inline]
fn reverse_n(value: u32, length: usize) -> u32 {
    reverse(value) >> (32 - length)
}

pub trait ReadWord {
    fn peek_word(&mut self, bits: u32) -> io::Result<u32>;
    fn read_word(&mut self, bits: u32) -> io::Result<u32>;
}

impl<R: io::Read + io::Seek, E: Endianness> ReadWord for BitReader<R, E> {
    fn peek_word(&mut self, bits: u32) -> io::Result<u32> {
        let start = self.position_in_bits().unwrap();
        match self.read_var::<u32>(bits) {
            Ok(result) => {
                self.seek_bits(io::SeekFrom::Current(-(bits as i64)))?;
                Ok(result)
            }
            Err(e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof => {
                let end = self.seek_bits(io::SeekFrom::End(0)).unwrap();
                self.seek_bits(io::SeekFrom::Start(start)).unwrap();

                if start < end {
                    let available_bits = end - start;
                    let result = self.read_var::<u32>(available_bits as u32)?
                        << (bits as u64 - available_bits);
                    self.seek_bits(io::SeekFrom::Current(-(available_bits as i64)))?;
                    return Ok(result);
                }
                Err(e)
            }
            Err(e) => Err(e),
        }
    }

    fn read_word(&mut self, bits: u32) -> io::Result<u32> {
        let start = self.position_in_bits().unwrap();

        match self.read_var::<u32>(bits) {
            Ok(result) => Ok(result),
            Err(e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof => {
                let end = self.seek_bits(io::SeekFrom::End(0)).unwrap();
                if start < end {
                    let available_bits = end - start;
                    self.seek_bits(io::SeekFrom::Start(start)).unwrap();
                    return Ok(self.read_var::<u32>(available_bits as u32)?
                        << (bits as u64 - available_bits));
                }

                Err(e)
            }
            Err(e) => Err(e),
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn successful_initialization() {
        assert!(
            FixedHuffmanDecoder::initialize(
                &[
                    3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7,
                    7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8,
                    8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8,
                ],
                8,
                true,
            )
            .is_ok()
        )
    }
}