signet-libmdbx 0.8.1

//! Idiomatic and safe Rust bindings for [libmdbx].
//!
//! # Overview
//!
//! [libmdbx] is a high-performance embedded key-value database based on
//! LMDB, with additional features like nested transactions, automatic
//! compaction, and improved durability options.
//!
//! This crate provides a safe, idiomatic Rust interface for:
//! - Creating and managing memory-mapped database environments
//! - Performing transactional read and write operations
//! - Iterating over key-value pairs with cursors
//! - Custom deserialization via the [`TableObject`] trait
//!
//! # Quick Start
//!
//! Databases are stored in a directory on disk. The following example
//! demonstrates creating an environment, writing a key-value pair, and
//! reading it back.
//!
//! ```no_run
//! use signet_libmdbx::{
//!     Environment, DatabaseFlags, WriteFlags, Geometry, MdbxResult,
//! };
//! use std::path::Path;
//!
//! fn main() -> MdbxResult<()> {
//!     // Open an environment (creates directory if needed)
//!     let env = Environment::builder()
//!         .set_geometry(Geometry {
//!             size: Some(0..(1024 * 1024 * 1024)), // up to 1GB
//!             ..Default::default()
//!         })
//!         .open(Path::new("/tmp/my_database"))?;
//!
//!     // Write data in a read-write transaction
//!     let txn = env.begin_rw_sync()?;
//!     let db = txn.create_db(None, DatabaseFlags::empty())?;
//!     txn.put(db, b"hello", b"world", WriteFlags::empty())?;
//!     txn.commit()?;
//!
//!     // Read data in a read-only transaction
//!     let txn = env.begin_ro_sync()?;
//!     let db = txn.open_db(None)?;
//!     let value: Option<Vec<u8>> = txn.get(db.dbi(), b"hello").expect("read failed");
//!     assert_eq!(value.as_deref(), Some(b"world".as_slice()));
//!
//!     Ok(())
//! }
//! ```
//! # Imports
//!
//! For most use cases, import from the crate root:
//! ```rust,ignore
//! use signet_libmdbx::{Environment, DatabaseFlags, WriteFlags, Geometry, MdbxResult};
//! ```
//!
//! Transaction and cursor types are returned from `Environment` and transaction
//! methods - you rarely need to import them directly.
//!
//! For advanced usage, import from submodules:
//! - [`tx`] - Transaction type aliases (`RoTxSync`, `RwTxUnsync`, etc.) and
//!   cursor type aliases
//! - [`tx::iter`] - Iterator types for cursor iteration
//! - [`sys`] - Environment internals (`EnvironmentKind`, `PageSize`, etc.)
//!
//! # Key Concepts
//!
//! - [`Environment`] - A directory containing one or more databases. Created
//!   via [`Environment::builder()`].
//! - [`TxSync`] and [`TxUnsync`] - Transactions for performing database
//!   operations.
//!     - Synchronized transactions (`TxSync`) can be shared between
//!       threads.
//!     - Unsynchronized transactions (`TxUnsync`) offer better
//!       performance for single-threaded use cases.
//! - [`Ro`] and [`Rw`] - Marker types indicating read-only (`Ro`) or
//!   read-write (`Rw`) transactions.
//!     - These also exist in sync flavors: [`RoSync`] and [`RwSync`].
//! - [`Database`] - A named or unnamed key-value store within an environment.
//!   - Accessed with [`Tx::open_db`].
//!   - or created via [`Tx::create_db`].
//! - [`Cursor`]: Enables iteration and positioned access within a database.
//!   Created via [`TxSync::cursor()`] or [`TxUnsync::cursor()`].
//!
//! [`Tx::open_db`]: crate::tx::Tx::open_db
//! [`Tx::create_db`]: crate::tx::Tx::create_db
//!
//! # Cursor Iterators
//!
//! Cursors provide several iterator types for traversing databases. The
//! iterator to use depends on your database flags and access pattern.
//!
//! | Iterator | Cursor Methods | Yields | Description |
//! |----------|----------------|--------|-------------|
//! | [`Iter`] | `iter_start`, `iter_from` | `(Key, Value)` | Forward iteration over all key-value pairs. |
//! | [`IterDup`] | `iter_dup_start`, `iter_dup_from` | [`DupItem`] | Flat iteration over DUPSORT tables. Yields `NewKey` for first value of each key, `SameKey` for subsequent. |
//! | [`IterDupOfKey`] | `iter_dup_of` | `Value` | Single-key iteration over DUPSORT duplicate values. |
//! | [`IterDupFixed`] | `iter_dupfixed_start`, `iter_dupfixed_from` | [`DupItem`] | Flat iteration over DUPFIXED tables using page-based access. |
//! | [`IterDupFixedOfKey`] | `iter_dupfixed_of` | `Value` | Single-key iteration over DUPFIXED values. Exact `size_hint()`. |
//!
//! [`Iter`]: crate::tx::iter::Iter
//! [`IterDup`]: crate::tx::iter::IterDup
//! [`IterDupOfKey`]: crate::tx::iter::IterDupOfKey
//! [`IterDupFixed`]: crate::tx::iter::IterDupFixed
//! [`IterDupFixedOfKey`]: crate::tx::iter::IterDupFixedOfKey
//! [`DupItem`]: crate::tx::iter::DupItem
//!
//! # Custom Zero-copy Deserialization with [`TableObject`]
//!
//! Implement [`TableObject`] to decode custom types directly from the
//! database:
//!
//! ```
//! # use std::borrow::Cow;
//! use signet_libmdbx::{TableObject, ReadResult, MdbxError};
//!
//! struct MyKey([u8; 32]);
//!
//! impl TableObject<'_> for MyKey {
//!     fn decode_borrow(data: Cow<'_, [u8]>) -> ReadResult<Self> {
//!         let arr: [u8; 32] = data.as_ref().try_into()
//!             .map_err(|_| MdbxError::DecodeErrorLenDiff)?;
//!         Ok(Self(arr))
//!     }
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! See the [`TableObject`] docs for more examples.
//!
//! # Debug assertions
//!
//! When compiled with debug assertions enabled (the default for
//! `cargo build`), this crate performs additional runtime checks to
//! catch common mistakes.
//!
//! 1. Key sizes are checked against the database's configured
//!    `pagesize` and `DatabaseFlags` (e.g. `INTEGERKEY`).
//! 2. Value sizes are checked against the database's configured
//!    `pagesize` and `DatabaseFlags` (e.g. `INTEGERDUP`).
//! 3. For `append` operations, it checks that the key being appended is
//!    greater than the current last key using lexicographic comparison.
//!    This check is skipped for `REVERSE_KEY` and `REVERSE_DUP` databases
//!    since they use different comparison semantics (comparing bytes from
//!    end to beginning).
//!
//! # Provenance
//!
//! Forked from [reth-libmdbx], which was forked from an earlier Apache
//! licensed version of the `libmdbx-rs` crate. Original LMDB bindings from
//! [lmdb-rs].
//!
//! [libmdbx]: https://github.com/erthink/libmdbx
//! [reth-libmdbx]: https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth
//! [lmdb-rs]: https://github.com/mozilla/lmdb-rs

#![warn(
    missing_copy_implementations,
    missing_debug_implementations,
    missing_docs,
    unreachable_pub,
    clippy::missing_const_for_fn,
    rustdoc::all
)]
#![cfg_attr(not(test), warn(unused_crate_dependencies))]
#![deny(unused_must_use, rust_2018_idioms)]
#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_cfg))]

pub extern crate signet_mdbx_sys as ffi;

mod codec;
pub use codec::{ObjectLength, TableObject, TableObjectOwned};
mod error;
pub use error::{MdbxError, MdbxResult, ReadError, ReadResult};

mod flags;
pub use flags::{DatabaseFlags, EnvironmentFlags, Mode, SyncMode, WriteFlags};

pub mod sys;
pub use sys::{Environment, EnvironmentBuilder, Geometry, Info, Stat};

pub mod tx;
pub use tx::aliases::{TxSync, TxUnsync};
pub use tx::iter::DupItem;
pub use tx::{CommitLatency, Cursor, Database, Ro, RoSync, Rw, RwSync, TransactionKind};

#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
    use super::*;
    use byteorder::{ByteOrder, LittleEndian};
    use tempfile::tempdir;

    /// Regression test for <https://github.com/danburkert/lmdb-rs/issues/21>.
    /// This test reliably segfaults when run against lmdb compiled with opt
    /// level -O3 and newer GCC compilers.
    #[test]
    fn issue_21_regression() {
        const HEIGHT_KEY: [u8; 1] = [0];

        let dir = tempdir().unwrap();

        let env = {
            let mut builder = Environment::builder();
            builder.set_max_dbs(2);
            builder
                .set_geometry(Geometry { size: Some(1_000_000..1_000_000), ..Default::default() });
            builder.open(dir.path()).expect("open mdbx env")
        };

        for height in 0..1000 {
            let mut value = [0u8; 8];
            LittleEndian::write_u64(&mut value, height);
            let tx = env.begin_rw_sync().expect("begin_rw_sync");
            let index = tx.create_db(None, DatabaseFlags::DUP_SORT).expect("open index db");
            tx.put(index, HEIGHT_KEY, value, WriteFlags::empty()).expect("tx.put");
            tx.commit().expect("tx.commit");
        }
    }
}