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use safe_regex::{Matcher3, Matcher9, regex};
use std::fmt::{Display, Formatter};
use std::net::IpAddr;
/// # Panics
/// Panics when `b` is not in `0..=15`.
#[must_use]
pub fn upper_hex_char(b: u8) -> char {
const TABLE: [char; 16] = [
'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F',
];
assert!(b < 16, "cannot convert number to hex: {b}");
TABLE[b as usize]
}
#[must_use]
pub fn from_hex_byte(b: u8) -> Option<u8> {
match b {
b'0'..=b'9' => Some(b - b'0'),
b'a'..=b'f' => Some(10 + b - b'a'),
b'A'..=b'F' => Some(10 + b - b'A'),
_ => None,
}
}
pub fn percent_decode(bytes: impl AsRef<[u8]>) -> String {
// https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-2.1
let mut result_bytes: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
let bytes = bytes.as_ref();
let mut n = 0;
while n < bytes.len() {
match bytes[n] {
b'%' if n + 2 < bytes.len() => {
let opt_d1 = from_hex_byte(bytes[n + 1]);
let opt_d0 = from_hex_byte(bytes[n + 2]);
match (opt_d1, opt_d0) {
(Some(d1), Some(d0)) => {
let b = (d1 << 4) | d0;
result_bytes.push(b);
n += 2;
}
_ => result_bytes.push(b'%'),
}
}
c => result_bytes.push(c),
}
n += 1;
}
String::from_utf8_lossy(&result_bytes).to_string()
}
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub enum PercentEncodePurpose {
Fragment,
Path,
UserInfo,
}
#[allow(clippy::match_same_arms)]
pub fn percent_encode(s: impl AsRef<str>, purpose: PercentEncodePurpose) -> String {
// https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-2.1
let mut result = String::new();
for c in s.as_ref().chars() {
let is_reserved = match (purpose, c) {
(PercentEncodePurpose::Fragment, _) => true,
// path-abempty
(
PercentEncodePurpose::Path,
'-'
| '.'
| '_'
| '~'
| 'a'..='z'
| 'A'..='Z'
| '0'..='9'
| '!'
| '$'
| '&'
| '\''
| '('
| ')'
| '*'
| ','
| ';'
| '='
| ':'
| '@'
| '/',
) => false,
(PercentEncodePurpose::Path, _) => true,
(PercentEncodePurpose::UserInfo, '@' | '?' | '#') => true,
(PercentEncodePurpose::UserInfo, _) => false,
};
if !is_reserved && c.is_ascii() {
result.push(c);
} else {
let mut buf = [0; 4];
let c_str = c.encode_utf8(&mut buf);
for b in c_str.as_bytes() {
let d1 = *b >> 4;
let d0 = *b & 0xf;
result.push('%');
result.push(upper_hex_char(d1));
result.push(upper_hex_char(d0));
}
}
}
result
}
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub enum UrlParseError {
MalformedUrl,
PortOutOfRange,
InvalidIpAddress,
UnknownIpVersion,
}
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
pub struct Url {
pub scheme: String,
pub user: String,
pub host: String,
pub ip: Option<IpAddr>,
pub port: Option<u16>,
pub path: String,
pub query: String,
pub fragment: String,
}
impl Url {
/// # Errors
/// Returns an error when it fails to parse `url_s`.
#[allow(clippy::missing_panics_doc)]
pub fn parse_absolute(url_s: impl AsRef<[u8]>) -> Result<Self, UrlParseError> {
// https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986
// https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7230#section-2.7
// URI = scheme ":" hier-part [ "?" query ] [ "#" fragment ]
// hier-part = "//" authority path-abempty
// / path-absolute
// / path-rootless
// / path-empty
// authority = [ userinfo "@" ] host [ ":" port ]
// userinfo = *( unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims / ":" )
// unreserved = ALPHA / DIGIT / "-" / "." / "_" / "~"
// pct-encoded = "%" HEXDIG HEXDIG
// sub-delims = "!" / "$" / "&" / "'" / "(" / ")" / "*" / "+" / "," / ";" / "="
// host = IP-literal / IPv4address / reg-name
// IP-literal = "[" ( IPv6address / IPvFuture ) "]"
// IPv4address = dec-octet "." dec-octet "." dec-octet "." dec-octet
// IPv6address = 6( h16 ":" ) ls32
// / "::" 5( h16 ":" ) ls32
// / [ h16 ] "::" 4( h16 ":" ) ls32
// / [ *1( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 3( h16 ":" ) ls32
// / [ *2( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 2( h16 ":" ) ls32
// / [ *3( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" h16 ":" ls32
// / [ *4( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" ls32
// / [ *5( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" h16
// / [ *6( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"
// ls32 = ( h16 ":" h16 ) / IPv4address
// ; least-significant 32 bits of address
// h16 = 1*4HEXDIG
// ; 16 bits of address represented in hexadecimal
// IPvFuture = "v" 1*HEXDIG "." 1*( unreserved / sub-delims / ":" )
// reg-name = *( unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims )
// port = *DIGIT
// path-abempty = *( "/" segment )
// path-absolute = "/" [ segment-nz *( "/" segment ) ]
// path-rootless = segment-nz *( "/" segment )
// path-empty = 0<pchar>
// segment = *pchar
// segment-nz = 1*pchar
// segment-nz-nc = 1*( unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims / "@" )
// ; non-zero-length segment without any colon ":"
// pchar = unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims / ":" / "@"
// query = *( pchar / "/" / "?" )
// fragment = *( pchar / "/" / "?" )
let orig_bytes = url_s.as_ref();
let matcher: Matcher9<_> = regex!(br"([-.+0-9A-Za-z]+)://(?:([-._~a-zA-Z0-9%!$&'()*,;=:]*)@)?(?:([0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3})|(\[[-._~a-zA-Z0-9%!$&'()*,;=:]+])|([-._~a-zA-Z0-9%!$&'()*,;=]+))(?::([0-9]*))?(/[-._~a-zA-Z0-9%!$&'()*,;=:@/]*)?(?:\?([-._~a-zA-Z0-9%!$&'()*,;=:@/?]*))?(?:#([-._~a-zA-Z0-9%!$&'()*,;=:@/?]*))?");
let (
scheme_bytes,
user_bytes,
ipv4_bytes,
ipv6_bytes,
host_bytes,
port_bytes,
path_bytes,
query_bytes,
fragment_bytes,
) = matcher
.match_slices(orig_bytes)
.ok_or(UrlParseError::MalformedUrl)?;
let scheme = std::str::from_utf8(scheme_bytes).unwrap().to_string();
let user = std::str::from_utf8(user_bytes).unwrap().to_string();
let ip: Option<IpAddr> = if !ipv4_bytes.is_empty() {
Some(
std::str::from_utf8(ipv4_bytes)
.unwrap()
.parse::<IpAddr>()
.map_err(|_| UrlParseError::InvalidIpAddress)?,
)
} else if !ipv6_bytes.is_empty() {
let b = &ipv6_bytes[1..(ipv6_bytes.len() - 1)];
if b[0] == b'v' {
return Err(UrlParseError::UnknownIpVersion);
}
Some(
std::str::from_utf8(b)
.unwrap()
.parse::<IpAddr>()
.map_err(|_| UrlParseError::InvalidIpAddress)?,
)
} else {
None
};
let host = std::str::from_utf8(host_bytes).unwrap().to_string();
let port: Option<u16> = match port_bytes.len() {
0 => None,
1..6 => Some(
std::str::from_utf8(port_bytes)
.unwrap()
.parse::<u32>()
.unwrap()
.try_into()
.map_err(|_| UrlParseError::PortOutOfRange)?,
),
_ => return Err(UrlParseError::PortOutOfRange),
};
let path = percent_decode(std::str::from_utf8(path_bytes).unwrap());
let query = std::str::from_utf8(query_bytes).unwrap().to_string();
let fragment = std::str::from_utf8(fragment_bytes).unwrap().to_string();
Ok(Self {
scheme,
user,
host,
ip,
port,
path,
query,
fragment,
})
}
/// # Errors
/// Returns an error when it fails to parse `url_s`.
#[allow(clippy::missing_panics_doc)]
pub fn parse_relative(url_s: impl AsRef<[u8]>) -> Result<Self, UrlParseError> {
// https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986
// https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7230#section-2.7
// URI = scheme ":" hier-part [ "?" query ] [ "#" fragment ]
// hier-part = "//" authority path-abempty
// / path-absolute
// / path-rootless
// / path-empty
// unreserved = ALPHA / DIGIT / "-" / "." / "_" / "~"
// pct-encoded = "%" HEXDIG HEXDIG
// sub-delims = "!" / "$" / "&" / "'" / "(" / ")" / "*" / "+" / "," / ";" / "="
// path-absolute = "/" [ segment-nz *( "/" segment ) ]
// path-rootless = segment-nz *( "/" segment )
// path-empty = 0<pchar>
// segment = *pchar
// segment-nz = 1*pchar
// segment-nz-nc = 1*( unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims / "@" )
// ; non-zero-length segment without any colon ":"
// pchar = unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims / ":" / "@"
// query = *( pchar / "/" / "?" )
// fragment = *( pchar / "/" / "?" )
let orig_bytes = url_s.as_ref();
let matcher: Matcher3<_> = regex!(br"([-._~a-zA-Z0-9%!$&'()*,;=:@/]*)?(?:\?([-._~a-zA-Z0-9%!$&'()*,;=:@/?]*))?(?:#([-._~a-zA-Z0-9%!$&'()*,;=:@/?]*))?");
let (path_bytes, query_bytes, fragment_bytes) = matcher
.match_slices(orig_bytes)
.ok_or(UrlParseError::MalformedUrl)?;
let path = percent_decode(std::str::from_utf8(path_bytes).unwrap());
let query = std::str::from_utf8(query_bytes).unwrap().to_string();
let fragment = std::str::from_utf8(fragment_bytes).unwrap().to_string();
Ok(Self {
scheme: String::new(),
user: String::new(),
host: String::new(),
ip: None,
port: None,
path,
query,
fragment,
})
}
}
impl Display for Url {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
if !self.scheme.is_empty() {
write!(f, "{}://", self.scheme)?;
}
if !self.user.is_empty() {
write!(f, "{}@", self.user)?;
}
if let Some(ip) = self.ip {
write!(f, "{ip}")?;
} else {
write!(f, "{}", self.host)?;
}
if let Some(port) = self.port {
write!(f, ":{port}")?;
}
write!(
f,
"{}",
percent_encode(&self.path, PercentEncodePurpose::Path)
)?;
if !self.query.is_empty() {
write!(f, "?{}", self.query)?;
}
if !self.fragment.is_empty() {
write!(f, "#{}", self.fragment)?;
}
Ok(())
}
}