sdl3-src 3.4.4

/*
  Simple DirectMedia Layer
  Copyright (C) 1997-2026 Sam Lantinga <slouken@libsdl.org>

  This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
  warranty.  In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
  arising from the use of this software.

  Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
  including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
  freely, subject to the following restrictions:

  1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
     claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
     in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
     appreciated but is not required.
  2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be
     misrepresented as being the original software.
  3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.
*/
#include "SDL_internal.h"

#include "../SDL_syshaptic.h"

#ifdef SDL_HAPTIC_DINPUT

#include "SDL_windowshaptic_c.h"
#include "SDL_dinputhaptic_c.h"
#include "../../joystick/windows/SDL_windowsjoystick_c.h"

/*
 * External stuff.
 */
extern HWND SDL_HelperWindow;

/*
 * Internal stuff.
 */
static bool coinitialized = false;
static LPDIRECTINPUT8 dinput = NULL;

/*
 * Like SDL_SetError but for DX error codes.
 */
static bool DI_SetError(const char *str, HRESULT err)
{
    return SDL_SetError("Haptic error %s", str);
}

/*
 * Callback to find the haptic devices.
 */
static BOOL CALLBACK EnumHapticsCallback(const DIDEVICEINSTANCE *pdidInstance, VOID *pContext)
{
    (void)pContext;
    SDL_DINPUT_HapticMaybeAddDevice(pdidInstance);
    return DIENUM_CONTINUE; // continue enumerating
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticInit(void)
{
    HRESULT ret;
    HINSTANCE instance;
    DWORD devClass;

    if (dinput != NULL) { // Already open.
        return SDL_SetError("Haptic: SubSystem already open.");
    }

    if (!SDL_GetHintBoolean(SDL_HINT_JOYSTICK_DIRECTINPUT, true)) {
        // In some environments, IDirectInput8_Initialize / _EnumDevices can take a minute even with no controllers.
        return true;
    }

    ret = WIN_CoInitialize();
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        return DI_SetError("Coinitialize", ret);
    }

    coinitialized = true;

    ret = CoCreateInstance(&CLSID_DirectInput8, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
                           &IID_IDirectInput8, (LPVOID *)&dinput);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        SDL_SYS_HapticQuit();
        return DI_SetError("CoCreateInstance", ret);
    }

    // Because we used CoCreateInstance, we need to Initialize it, first.
    instance = GetModuleHandle(NULL);
    if (!instance) {
        SDL_SYS_HapticQuit();
        return SDL_SetError("GetModuleHandle() failed with error code %lu.",
                            GetLastError());
    }
    ret = IDirectInput8_Initialize(dinput, instance, DIRECTINPUT_VERSION);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        SDL_SYS_HapticQuit();
        return DI_SetError("Initializing DirectInput device", ret);
    }

    // Look for haptic devices.
    for (devClass = DI8DEVCLASS_DEVICE; devClass <= DI8DEVCLASS_GAMECTRL; devClass++) {
        if (devClass == DI8DEVCLASS_GAMECTRL && SDL_WasInit(SDL_INIT_JOYSTICK)) {
            // The joystick subsystem will manage adding DInput joystick haptic devices
            continue;
        }

        ret = IDirectInput8_EnumDevices(dinput,
                                        devClass,
                                        EnumHapticsCallback,
                                        NULL,
                                        DIEDFL_FORCEFEEDBACK |
                                            DIEDFL_ATTACHEDONLY);
        if (FAILED(ret)) {
            SDL_SYS_HapticQuit();
            return DI_SetError("Enumerating DirectInput devices", ret);
        }
    }

    return true;
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticMaybeAddDevice(const DIDEVICEINSTANCE *pdidInstance)
{
    HRESULT ret;
    LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 device;
    const DWORD needflags = DIDC_ATTACHED | DIDC_FORCEFEEDBACK;
    DIDEVCAPS capabilities;
    SDL_hapticlist_item *item = NULL;

    if (!dinput) {
        return false; // not initialized. We'll pick these up on enumeration if we init later.
    }

    // Make sure we don't already have it
    for (item = SDL_hapticlist; item; item = item->next) {
        if (SDL_memcmp(&item->instance, pdidInstance, sizeof(*pdidInstance)) == 0) {
            return false; // Already added
        }
    }

    // Open the device
    ret = IDirectInput8_CreateDevice(dinput, &pdidInstance->guidInstance, &device, NULL);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        // DI_SetError("Creating DirectInput device",ret);
        return false;
    }

    // Get capabilities.
    SDL_zero(capabilities);
    capabilities.dwSize = sizeof(DIDEVCAPS);
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_GetCapabilities(device, &capabilities);
    IDirectInputDevice8_Release(device);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        // DI_SetError("Getting device capabilities",ret);
        return false;
    }

    if ((capabilities.dwFlags & needflags) != needflags) {
        return false; // not a device we can use.
    }

    item = (SDL_hapticlist_item *)SDL_calloc(1, sizeof(SDL_hapticlist_item));
    if (!item) {
        return false;
    }

    item->instance_id = SDL_GetNextObjectID();
    item->name = WIN_StringToUTF8(pdidInstance->tszProductName);
    if (!item->name) {
        SDL_free(item);
        return false;
    }

    // Copy the instance over, useful for creating devices.
    SDL_memcpy(&item->instance, pdidInstance, sizeof(DIDEVICEINSTANCE));
    SDL_memcpy(&item->capabilities, &capabilities, sizeof(capabilities));

    return SDL_SYS_AddHapticDevice(item);
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticMaybeRemoveDevice(const DIDEVICEINSTANCE *pdidInstance)
{
    SDL_hapticlist_item *item;
    SDL_hapticlist_item *prev = NULL;

    if (!dinput) {
        return false; // not initialized, ignore this.
    }

    for (item = SDL_hapticlist; item; item = item->next) {
        if (SDL_memcmp(&item->instance, pdidInstance, sizeof(*pdidInstance)) == 0) {
            // found it, remove it.
            return SDL_SYS_RemoveHapticDevice(prev, item);
        }
        prev = item;
    }
    return false;
}

/*
 * Callback to get supported axes.
 */
static BOOL CALLBACK DI_DeviceObjectCallback(LPCDIDEVICEOBJECTINSTANCE dev, LPVOID pvRef)
{
    SDL_Haptic *haptic = (SDL_Haptic *)pvRef;

    if ((dev->dwType & DIDFT_AXIS) && (dev->dwFlags & DIDOI_FFACTUATOR)) {
        const GUID *guid = &dev->guidType;
        DWORD offset = 0;
        if (WIN_IsEqualGUID(guid, &GUID_XAxis)) {
            offset = DIJOFS_X;
        } else if (WIN_IsEqualGUID(guid, &GUID_YAxis)) {
            offset = DIJOFS_Y;
        } else if (WIN_IsEqualGUID(guid, &GUID_ZAxis)) {
            offset = DIJOFS_Z;
        } else if (WIN_IsEqualGUID(guid, &GUID_RxAxis)) {
            offset = DIJOFS_RX;
        } else if (WIN_IsEqualGUID(guid, &GUID_RyAxis)) {
            offset = DIJOFS_RY;
        } else if (WIN_IsEqualGUID(guid, &GUID_RzAxis)) {
            offset = DIJOFS_RZ;
        } else {
            return DIENUM_CONTINUE; // can't use this, go on.
        }

        haptic->hwdata->axes[haptic->naxes] = offset;
        haptic->naxes++;

        // Currently using the artificial limit of 3 axes.
        if (haptic->naxes >= 3) {
            return DIENUM_STOP;
        }
    }

    return DIENUM_CONTINUE;
}

/*
 * Callback to get all supported effects.
 */
#define EFFECT_TEST(e, s)                  \
    if (WIN_IsEqualGUID(&pei->guid, &(e))) \
    haptic->supported |= (s)
static BOOL CALLBACK DI_EffectCallback(LPCDIEFFECTINFO pei, LPVOID pv)
{
    // Prepare the haptic device.
    SDL_Haptic *haptic = (SDL_Haptic *)pv;

    // Get supported.
    EFFECT_TEST(GUID_Spring, SDL_HAPTIC_SPRING);
    EFFECT_TEST(GUID_Damper, SDL_HAPTIC_DAMPER);
    EFFECT_TEST(GUID_Inertia, SDL_HAPTIC_INERTIA);
    EFFECT_TEST(GUID_Friction, SDL_HAPTIC_FRICTION);
    EFFECT_TEST(GUID_ConstantForce, SDL_HAPTIC_CONSTANT);
    EFFECT_TEST(GUID_CustomForce, SDL_HAPTIC_CUSTOM);
    EFFECT_TEST(GUID_Sine, SDL_HAPTIC_SINE);
    EFFECT_TEST(GUID_Square, SDL_HAPTIC_SQUARE);
    EFFECT_TEST(GUID_Triangle, SDL_HAPTIC_TRIANGLE);
    EFFECT_TEST(GUID_SawtoothUp, SDL_HAPTIC_SAWTOOTHUP);
    EFFECT_TEST(GUID_SawtoothDown, SDL_HAPTIC_SAWTOOTHDOWN);
    EFFECT_TEST(GUID_RampForce, SDL_HAPTIC_RAMP);

    // Check for more.
    return DIENUM_CONTINUE;
}

/*
 * Opens the haptic device.
 *
 *    Steps:
 *       - Set cooperative level.
 *       - Set data format.
 *       - Acquire exclusiveness.
 *       - Reset actuators.
 *       - Get supported features.
 */
static bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticOpenFromDevice(SDL_Haptic *haptic, LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 device8, bool is_joystick)
{
    HRESULT ret;
    DIPROPDWORD dipdw;

    // Allocate the hwdata
    haptic->hwdata = (struct haptic_hwdata *)SDL_calloc(1, sizeof(*haptic->hwdata));
    if (!haptic->hwdata) {
        return false;
    }

    // We'll use the device8 from now on.
    haptic->hwdata->device = device8;
    haptic->hwdata->is_joystick = is_joystick;

    /* !!! FIXME: opening a haptic device here first will make an attempt to
       !!! FIXME:  SDL_OpenJoystick() that same device fail later, since we
       !!! FIXME:  have it open in exclusive mode. But this will allow
       !!! FIXME:  SDL_OpenJoystick() followed by SDL_OpenHapticFromJoystick()
       !!! FIXME:  to work, and that's probably the common case. Still,
       !!! FIXME:  ideally, We need to unify the opening code. */

    if (!is_joystick) { // if is_joystick, we already set this up elsewhere.
        // Grab it exclusively to use force feedback stuff.
        ret = IDirectInputDevice8_SetCooperativeLevel(haptic->hwdata->device,
                                                      SDL_HelperWindow,
                                                      DISCL_EXCLUSIVE |
                                                          DISCL_BACKGROUND);
        if (FAILED(ret)) {
            DI_SetError("Setting cooperative level to exclusive", ret);
            goto acquire_err;
        }

        // Set data format.
        ret = IDirectInputDevice8_SetDataFormat(haptic->hwdata->device,
                                                &SDL_c_dfDIJoystick2);
        if (FAILED(ret)) {
            DI_SetError("Setting data format", ret);
            goto acquire_err;
        }

        // Acquire the device.
        ret = IDirectInputDevice8_Acquire(haptic->hwdata->device);
        if (FAILED(ret)) {
            DI_SetError("Acquiring DirectInput device", ret);
            goto acquire_err;
        }
    }

    // Get number of axes.
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_EnumObjects(haptic->hwdata->device,
                                          DI_DeviceObjectCallback,
                                          haptic, DIDFT_AXIS);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        DI_SetError("Getting device axes", ret);
        goto acquire_err;
    }

    // Reset all actuators - just in case.
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_SendForceFeedbackCommand(haptic->hwdata->device,
                                                       DISFFC_RESET);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        DI_SetError("Resetting device", ret);
        goto acquire_err;
    }

    // Enabling actuators.
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_SendForceFeedbackCommand(haptic->hwdata->device,
                                                       DISFFC_SETACTUATORSON);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        DI_SetError("Enabling actuators", ret);
        goto acquire_err;
    }

    // Get supported effects.
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_EnumEffects(haptic->hwdata->device,
                                          DI_EffectCallback, haptic,
                                          DIEFT_ALL);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        DI_SetError("Enumerating supported effects", ret);
        goto acquire_err;
    }
    if (haptic->supported == 0) { // Error since device supports nothing.
        SDL_SetError("Haptic: Internal error on finding supported effects.");
        goto acquire_err;
    }

    // Check autogain and autocenter.
    dipdw.diph.dwSize = sizeof(DIPROPDWORD);
    dipdw.diph.dwHeaderSize = sizeof(DIPROPHEADER);
    dipdw.diph.dwObj = 0;
    dipdw.diph.dwHow = DIPH_DEVICE;
    dipdw.dwData = 10000;
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_SetProperty(haptic->hwdata->device,
                                          DIPROP_FFGAIN, &dipdw.diph);
    if (!FAILED(ret)) { // Gain is supported.
        haptic->supported |= SDL_HAPTIC_GAIN;
    }
    dipdw.diph.dwObj = 0;
    dipdw.diph.dwHow = DIPH_DEVICE;
    dipdw.dwData = DIPROPAUTOCENTER_OFF;
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_SetProperty(haptic->hwdata->device,
                                          DIPROP_AUTOCENTER, &dipdw.diph);
    if (!FAILED(ret)) { // Autocenter is supported.
        haptic->supported |= SDL_HAPTIC_AUTOCENTER;
    }

    // Status is always supported.
    haptic->supported |= SDL_HAPTIC_STATUS | SDL_HAPTIC_PAUSE;

    // Check maximum effects.
    haptic->neffects = 128; /* This is not actually supported as thus under windows,
                               there is no way to tell the number of EFFECTS that a
                               device can hold, so we'll just use a "random" number
                               instead and put warnings in SDL_haptic.h */
    haptic->nplaying = 128; // Even more impossible to get this then neffects.

    // Prepare effects memory.
    haptic->effects = (struct haptic_effect *)
        SDL_malloc(sizeof(struct haptic_effect) * haptic->neffects);
    if (!haptic->effects) {
        goto acquire_err;
    }
    // Clear the memory
    SDL_memset(haptic->effects, 0,
               sizeof(struct haptic_effect) * haptic->neffects);

    return true;

    // Error handling
acquire_err:
    IDirectInputDevice8_Unacquire(haptic->hwdata->device);
    return false;
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticOpen(SDL_Haptic *haptic, SDL_hapticlist_item *item)
{
    HRESULT ret;
    LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 device;

    // Open the device
    ret = IDirectInput8_CreateDevice(dinput, &item->instance.guidInstance,
                                     &device, NULL);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        DI_SetError("Creating DirectInput device", ret);
        return false;
    }

    if (!SDL_DINPUT_HapticOpenFromDevice(haptic, device, false)) {
        IDirectInputDevice8_Release(device);
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_JoystickSameHaptic(SDL_Haptic *haptic, SDL_Joystick *joystick)
{
    HRESULT ret;
    DIDEVICEINSTANCE hap_instance, joy_instance;

    hap_instance.dwSize = sizeof(DIDEVICEINSTANCE);
    joy_instance.dwSize = sizeof(DIDEVICEINSTANCE);

    // Get the device instances.
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_GetDeviceInfo(haptic->hwdata->device,
                                            &hap_instance);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        return false;
    }
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_GetDeviceInfo(joystick->hwdata->InputDevice,
                                            &joy_instance);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        return false;
    }

    return (WIN_IsEqualGUID(&hap_instance.guidInstance, &joy_instance.guidInstance) == TRUE);
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticOpenFromJoystick(SDL_Haptic *haptic, SDL_Joystick *joystick)
{
    SDL_hapticlist_item *item;
    HRESULT ret;
    DIDEVICEINSTANCE joy_instance;

    joy_instance.dwSize = sizeof(DIDEVICEINSTANCE);
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_GetDeviceInfo(joystick->hwdata->InputDevice, &joy_instance);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        return false;
    }

    // Since it comes from a joystick we have to try to match it with a haptic device on our haptic list.
    for (item = SDL_hapticlist; item; item = item->next) {
        if (WIN_IsEqualGUID(&item->instance.guidInstance, &joy_instance.guidInstance)) {
            haptic->instance_id = item->instance_id;
            haptic->name = SDL_strdup(item->name);
            return SDL_DINPUT_HapticOpenFromDevice(haptic, joystick->hwdata->InputDevice, true);
        }
    }

    return SDL_SetError("Couldn't find joystick in haptic device list");
}

void SDL_DINPUT_HapticClose(SDL_Haptic *haptic)
{
    IDirectInputDevice8_Unacquire(haptic->hwdata->device);

    // Only release if isn't grabbed by a joystick.
    if (haptic->hwdata->is_joystick == 0) {
        IDirectInputDevice8_Release(haptic->hwdata->device);
    }
}

void SDL_DINPUT_HapticQuit(void)
{
    if (dinput != NULL) {
        IDirectInput8_Release(dinput);
        dinput = NULL;
    }

    if (coinitialized) {
        WIN_CoUninitialize();
        coinitialized = false;
    }
}

/*
 * Converts an SDL trigger button to an DIEFFECT trigger button.
 */
static DWORD DIGetTriggerButton(Uint16 button)
{
    DWORD dwTriggerButton;

    dwTriggerButton = DIEB_NOTRIGGER;

    if (button != 0) {
        dwTriggerButton = DIJOFS_BUTTON(button - 1);
    }

    return dwTriggerButton;
}

/*
 * Sets the direction.
 */
static bool SDL_SYS_SetDirection(DIEFFECT *effect, const SDL_HapticDirection *dir, int naxes)
{
    LONG *rglDir;

    // Handle no axes a part.
    if (naxes == 0) {
        effect->dwFlags |= DIEFF_SPHERICAL; // Set as default.
        effect->rglDirection = NULL;
        return true;
    }

    // Has axes.
    rglDir = (LONG *)SDL_malloc(sizeof(LONG) * naxes);
    if (!rglDir) {
        return false;
    }
    SDL_memset(rglDir, 0, sizeof(LONG) * naxes);
    effect->rglDirection = rglDir;

    switch (dir->type) {
    case SDL_HAPTIC_POLAR:
        effect->dwFlags |= DIEFF_POLAR;
        rglDir[0] = dir->dir[0];
        return true;
    case SDL_HAPTIC_CARTESIAN:
        effect->dwFlags |= DIEFF_CARTESIAN;
        rglDir[0] = dir->dir[0];
        if (naxes > 1) {
            rglDir[1] = dir->dir[1];
        }
        if (naxes > 2) {
            rglDir[2] = dir->dir[2];
        }
        return true;
    case SDL_HAPTIC_SPHERICAL:
        effect->dwFlags |= DIEFF_SPHERICAL;
        rglDir[0] = dir->dir[0];
        if (naxes > 1) {
            rglDir[1] = dir->dir[1];
        }
        if (naxes > 2) {
            rglDir[2] = dir->dir[2];
        }
        return true;
    case SDL_HAPTIC_STEERING_AXIS:
        effect->dwFlags |= DIEFF_CARTESIAN;
        rglDir[0] = 0;
        return true;

    default:
        return SDL_SetError("Haptic: Unknown direction type.");
    }
}

// Clamps and converts.
#define CCONVERT(x) (((x) > 0x7FFF) ? 10000 : ((x)*10000) / 0x7FFF)
// Just converts.
#define CONVERT(x) (((x)*10000) / 0x7FFF)
/*
 * Creates the DIEFFECT from a SDL_HapticEffect.
 */
static bool SDL_SYS_ToDIEFFECT(SDL_Haptic *haptic, DIEFFECT *dest,
                              const SDL_HapticEffect *src)
{
    int i;
    DICONSTANTFORCE *constant;
    DIPERIODIC *periodic;
    DICONDITION *condition; // Actually an array of conditions - one per axis.
    DIRAMPFORCE *ramp;
    DICUSTOMFORCE *custom;
    DIENVELOPE *envelope;
    const SDL_HapticConstant *hap_constant;
    const SDL_HapticPeriodic *hap_periodic;
    const SDL_HapticCondition *hap_condition;
    const SDL_HapticRamp *hap_ramp;
    const SDL_HapticCustom *hap_custom;
    DWORD *axes;

    // Set global stuff.
    SDL_zerop(dest);
    dest->dwSize = sizeof(DIEFFECT);     // Set the structure size.
    dest->dwSamplePeriod = 0;            // Not used by us.
    dest->dwGain = 10000;                // Gain is set globally, not locally.
    dest->dwFlags = DIEFF_OBJECTOFFSETS; // Seems obligatory.

    // Envelope.
    envelope = (DIENVELOPE *)SDL_calloc(1, sizeof(DIENVELOPE));
    if (!envelope) {
        return false;
    }
    dest->lpEnvelope = envelope;
    envelope->dwSize = sizeof(DIENVELOPE); // Always should be this.

    // Axes.
    if (src->constant.direction.type == SDL_HAPTIC_STEERING_AXIS) {
        dest->cAxes = 1;
    } else {
        dest->cAxes = haptic->naxes;
    }
    if (dest->cAxes > 0) {
        axes = (DWORD *)SDL_malloc(sizeof(DWORD) * dest->cAxes);
        if (!axes) {
            return false;
        }
        axes[0] = haptic->hwdata->axes[0]; // Always at least one axis.
        if (dest->cAxes > 1) {
            axes[1] = haptic->hwdata->axes[1];
        }
        if (dest->cAxes > 2) {
            axes[2] = haptic->hwdata->axes[2];
        }
        dest->rgdwAxes = axes;
    }

    // The big type handling switch, even bigger than Linux's version.
    switch (src->type) {
    case SDL_HAPTIC_CONSTANT:
        hap_constant = &src->constant;
        constant = (DICONSTANTFORCE *)SDL_calloc(1, sizeof(DICONSTANTFORCE));
        if (!constant) {
            return false;
        }

        // Specifics
        constant->lMagnitude = CONVERT(hap_constant->level);
        dest->cbTypeSpecificParams = sizeof(DICONSTANTFORCE);
        dest->lpvTypeSpecificParams = constant;

        // Generics
        dest->dwDuration = hap_constant->length * 1000UL; // In microseconds.
        dest->dwTriggerButton = DIGetTriggerButton(hap_constant->button);
        dest->dwTriggerRepeatInterval = hap_constant->interval;
        dest->dwStartDelay = hap_constant->delay * 1000UL; // In microseconds.

        // Direction.
        if (!SDL_SYS_SetDirection(dest, &hap_constant->direction, dest->cAxes)) {
            return false;
        }

        // Envelope
        if ((hap_constant->attack_length == 0) && (hap_constant->fade_length == 0)) {
            SDL_free(dest->lpEnvelope);
            dest->lpEnvelope = NULL;
        } else {
            envelope->dwAttackLevel = CCONVERT(hap_constant->attack_level);
            envelope->dwAttackTime = hap_constant->attack_length * 1000UL;
            envelope->dwFadeLevel = CCONVERT(hap_constant->fade_level);
            envelope->dwFadeTime = hap_constant->fade_length * 1000UL;
        }

        break;

    case SDL_HAPTIC_SINE:
    case SDL_HAPTIC_SQUARE:
    case SDL_HAPTIC_TRIANGLE:
    case SDL_HAPTIC_SAWTOOTHUP:
    case SDL_HAPTIC_SAWTOOTHDOWN:
        hap_periodic = &src->periodic;
        periodic = (DIPERIODIC *)SDL_calloc(1, sizeof(DIPERIODIC));
        if (!periodic) {
            return false;
        }

        // Specifics
        periodic->dwMagnitude = CONVERT(SDL_abs(hap_periodic->magnitude));
        periodic->lOffset = CONVERT(hap_periodic->offset);
        periodic->dwPhase =
            (hap_periodic->phase + (hap_periodic->magnitude < 0 ? 18000 : 0)) % 36000;
        periodic->dwPeriod = hap_periodic->period * 1000;
        dest->cbTypeSpecificParams = sizeof(DIPERIODIC);
        dest->lpvTypeSpecificParams = periodic;

        // Generics
        dest->dwDuration = hap_periodic->length * 1000UL; // In microseconds.
        dest->dwTriggerButton = DIGetTriggerButton(hap_periodic->button);
        dest->dwTriggerRepeatInterval = hap_periodic->interval;
        dest->dwStartDelay = hap_periodic->delay * 1000UL; // In microseconds.

        // Direction.
        if (!SDL_SYS_SetDirection(dest, &hap_periodic->direction, dest->cAxes)) {
            return false;
        }

        // Envelope
        if ((hap_periodic->attack_length == 0) && (hap_periodic->fade_length == 0)) {
            SDL_free(dest->lpEnvelope);
            dest->lpEnvelope = NULL;
        } else {
            envelope->dwAttackLevel = CCONVERT(hap_periodic->attack_level);
            envelope->dwAttackTime = hap_periodic->attack_length * 1000UL;
            envelope->dwFadeLevel = CCONVERT(hap_periodic->fade_level);
            envelope->dwFadeTime = hap_periodic->fade_length * 1000UL;
        }

        break;

    case SDL_HAPTIC_SPRING:
    case SDL_HAPTIC_DAMPER:
    case SDL_HAPTIC_INERTIA:
    case SDL_HAPTIC_FRICTION:
        hap_condition = &src->condition;
        condition = (DICONDITION *)SDL_calloc(dest->cAxes, sizeof(DICONDITION));
        if (!condition) {
            return false;
        }

        // Specifics
        for (i = 0; i < (int)dest->cAxes; i++) {
            condition[i].lOffset = CONVERT(hap_condition->center[i]);
            condition[i].lPositiveCoefficient =
                CONVERT(hap_condition->right_coeff[i]);
            condition[i].lNegativeCoefficient =
                CONVERT(hap_condition->left_coeff[i]);
            condition[i].dwPositiveSaturation =
                CCONVERT(hap_condition->right_sat[i] / 2);
            condition[i].dwNegativeSaturation =
                CCONVERT(hap_condition->left_sat[i] / 2);
            condition[i].lDeadBand = CCONVERT(hap_condition->deadband[i] / 2);
        }
        dest->cbTypeSpecificParams = sizeof(DICONDITION) * dest->cAxes;
        dest->lpvTypeSpecificParams = condition;

        // Generics
        dest->dwDuration = hap_condition->length * 1000UL; // In microseconds.
        dest->dwTriggerButton = DIGetTriggerButton(hap_condition->button);
        dest->dwTriggerRepeatInterval = hap_condition->interval;
        dest->dwStartDelay = hap_condition->delay * 1000UL; // In microseconds.

        // Direction.
        if (!SDL_SYS_SetDirection(dest, &hap_condition->direction, dest->cAxes)) {
            return false;
        }

        // Envelope - Not actually supported by most CONDITION implementations.
        SDL_free(dest->lpEnvelope);
        dest->lpEnvelope = NULL;

        break;

    case SDL_HAPTIC_RAMP:
        hap_ramp = &src->ramp;
        ramp = (DIRAMPFORCE *)SDL_calloc(1, sizeof(DIRAMPFORCE));
        if (!ramp) {
            return false;
        }

        // Specifics
        ramp->lStart = CONVERT(hap_ramp->start);
        ramp->lEnd = CONVERT(hap_ramp->end);
        dest->cbTypeSpecificParams = sizeof(DIRAMPFORCE);
        dest->lpvTypeSpecificParams = ramp;

        // Generics
        dest->dwDuration = hap_ramp->length * 1000UL; // In microseconds.
        dest->dwTriggerButton = DIGetTriggerButton(hap_ramp->button);
        dest->dwTriggerRepeatInterval = hap_ramp->interval;
        dest->dwStartDelay = hap_ramp->delay * 1000UL; // In microseconds.

        // Direction.
        if (!SDL_SYS_SetDirection(dest, &hap_ramp->direction, dest->cAxes)) {
            return false;
        }

        // Envelope
        if ((hap_ramp->attack_length == 0) && (hap_ramp->fade_length == 0)) {
            SDL_free(dest->lpEnvelope);
            dest->lpEnvelope = NULL;
        } else {
            envelope->dwAttackLevel = CCONVERT(hap_ramp->attack_level);
            envelope->dwAttackTime = hap_ramp->attack_length * 1000UL;
            envelope->dwFadeLevel = CCONVERT(hap_ramp->fade_level);
            envelope->dwFadeTime = hap_ramp->fade_length * 1000UL;
        }

        break;

    case SDL_HAPTIC_CUSTOM:
        hap_custom = &src->custom;
        custom = (DICUSTOMFORCE *)SDL_calloc(1, sizeof(DICUSTOMFORCE));
        if (!custom) {
            return false;
        }

        // Specifics
        custom->cChannels = hap_custom->channels;
        custom->dwSamplePeriod = hap_custom->period * 1000UL;
        custom->cSamples = hap_custom->samples;
        custom->rglForceData = (LPLONG)SDL_malloc(sizeof(LONG) * custom->cSamples * custom->cChannels);
        for (i = 0; i < hap_custom->samples * hap_custom->channels; i++) { // Copy data.
            custom->rglForceData[i] = CCONVERT(hap_custom->data[i]);
        }
        dest->cbTypeSpecificParams = sizeof(DICUSTOMFORCE);
        dest->lpvTypeSpecificParams = custom;

        // Generics
        dest->dwDuration = hap_custom->length * 1000UL; // In microseconds.
        dest->dwTriggerButton = DIGetTriggerButton(hap_custom->button);
        dest->dwTriggerRepeatInterval = hap_custom->interval;
        dest->dwStartDelay = hap_custom->delay * 1000UL; // In microseconds.

        // Direction.
        if (!SDL_SYS_SetDirection(dest, &hap_custom->direction, dest->cAxes)) {
            return false;
        }

        // Envelope
        if ((hap_custom->attack_length == 0) && (hap_custom->fade_length == 0)) {
            SDL_free(dest->lpEnvelope);
            dest->lpEnvelope = NULL;
        } else {
            envelope->dwAttackLevel = CCONVERT(hap_custom->attack_level);
            envelope->dwAttackTime = hap_custom->attack_length * 1000UL;
            envelope->dwFadeLevel = CCONVERT(hap_custom->fade_level);
            envelope->dwFadeTime = hap_custom->fade_length * 1000UL;
        }

        break;

    default:
        return SDL_SetError("Haptic: Unknown effect type.");
    }

    return true;
}

/*
 * Frees an DIEFFECT allocated by SDL_SYS_ToDIEFFECT.
 */
static void SDL_SYS_HapticFreeDIEFFECT(DIEFFECT *effect, int type)
{
    DICUSTOMFORCE *custom;

    SDL_free(effect->lpEnvelope);
    effect->lpEnvelope = NULL;
    SDL_free(effect->rgdwAxes);
    effect->rgdwAxes = NULL;
    if (effect->lpvTypeSpecificParams) {
        if (type == SDL_HAPTIC_CUSTOM) { // Must free the custom data.
            custom = (DICUSTOMFORCE *)effect->lpvTypeSpecificParams;
            SDL_free(custom->rglForceData);
            custom->rglForceData = NULL;
        }
        SDL_free(effect->lpvTypeSpecificParams);
        effect->lpvTypeSpecificParams = NULL;
    }
    SDL_free(effect->rglDirection);
    effect->rglDirection = NULL;
}

/*
 * Gets the effect type from the generic SDL haptic effect wrapper.
 */
// NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-const-return-type): Can't fix Windows' headers
static REFGUID SDL_SYS_HapticEffectType(const SDL_HapticEffect *effect)
{
    switch (effect->type) {
    case SDL_HAPTIC_CONSTANT:
        return &GUID_ConstantForce;

    case SDL_HAPTIC_RAMP:
        return &GUID_RampForce;

    case SDL_HAPTIC_SQUARE:
        return &GUID_Square;

    case SDL_HAPTIC_SINE:
        return &GUID_Sine;

    case SDL_HAPTIC_TRIANGLE:
        return &GUID_Triangle;

    case SDL_HAPTIC_SAWTOOTHUP:
        return &GUID_SawtoothUp;

    case SDL_HAPTIC_SAWTOOTHDOWN:
        return &GUID_SawtoothDown;

    case SDL_HAPTIC_SPRING:
        return &GUID_Spring;

    case SDL_HAPTIC_DAMPER:
        return &GUID_Damper;

    case SDL_HAPTIC_INERTIA:
        return &GUID_Inertia;

    case SDL_HAPTIC_FRICTION:
        return &GUID_Friction;

    case SDL_HAPTIC_CUSTOM:
        return &GUID_CustomForce;

    default:
        return NULL;
    }
}
bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticNewEffect(SDL_Haptic *haptic, struct haptic_effect *effect, const SDL_HapticEffect *base)
{
    HRESULT ret;
    REFGUID type = SDL_SYS_HapticEffectType(base);

    if (!type) {
        return SDL_SetError("Haptic: Unknown effect type.");
    }

    // Get the effect.
    if (!SDL_SYS_ToDIEFFECT(haptic, &effect->hweffect->effect, base)) {
        goto err_effectdone;
    }

    // Create the actual effect.
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_CreateEffect(haptic->hwdata->device, type,
                                           &effect->hweffect->effect,
                                           &effect->hweffect->ref, NULL);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        DI_SetError("Unable to create effect", ret);
        goto err_effectdone;
    }

    return true;

err_effectdone:
    SDL_SYS_HapticFreeDIEFFECT(&effect->hweffect->effect, base->type);
    return false;
}

BOOL DIGetDirectionUpdateFlag(DIEFFECT *before, DIEFFECT *after)
{
    if (before->cAxes != after->cAxes) {
        return true;
    }
    // rglDirection must be non-null for DIEP_DIRECTION to be a valid flag
    if (after->rglDirection == NULL) {
        return false;
    }
    if (before->rglDirection == NULL) {
        return true;
    }
    return SDL_memcmp(before->rglDirection, after->rglDirection, sizeof(LONG) * before->cAxes) != 0;
}

BOOL DIGetEnvelopeUpdateFlag(DIEFFECT* before, DIEFFECT* after)
{
    if (before->lpEnvelope == NULL && after->lpEnvelope == NULL) {
        return false;
    }
    // A null lpEnvelope is valid for DIEP_ENVELOPE (clears the envelope from the effect)
    if (before->lpEnvelope == NULL || after->lpEnvelope == NULL) {
        return true;
    }
    return SDL_memcmp(before->lpEnvelope, after->lpEnvelope, sizeof(DIENVELOPE)) != 0;
}

BOOL DIGetTypeSpecificParamsUpdateFlag(DIEFFECT *before, DIEFFECT *after)
{
    // Shouldn't happen since this implies an effect's type somehow changed, but need to check to avoid an out-of-bounds memcmp
    if (before->cbTypeSpecificParams != after->cbTypeSpecificParams) {
        return true;
    }
    // lpvTypeSpecificParams must be non-null for the DIEP_TYPESPECIFICPARAMS flag.
    if (after->lpvTypeSpecificParams == NULL) {
        return false;
    }
    if (before->lpvTypeSpecificParams == NULL) {
        return true;
    }
    return SDL_memcmp(before->lpvTypeSpecificParams, after->lpvTypeSpecificParams, before->cbTypeSpecificParams) != 0;
}

/*
    Calculate the exact flags needed when updating an existing DirectInput haptic effect.
*/
DWORD DICalculateUpdateFlags(DIEFFECT *before, DIEFFECT *after)
{
    DWORD flags = 0;

    if (DIGetDirectionUpdateFlag(before, after)) {
        flags |= DIEP_DIRECTION;
    }

    if (before->dwDuration != after->dwDuration) {
        flags |= DIEP_DURATION;
    }

    if (DIGetEnvelopeUpdateFlag(before, after)) {
        flags |= DIEP_ENVELOPE;
    }

    if (before->dwStartDelay != after->dwStartDelay) {
        flags |= DIEP_STARTDELAY;
    }

    if (before->dwTriggerButton != after->dwTriggerButton) {
        flags |= DIEP_TRIGGERBUTTON;
    }

    if (before->dwTriggerRepeatInterval != after->dwTriggerRepeatInterval) {
        flags |= DIEP_TRIGGERREPEATINTERVAL;
    }

    if (DIGetTypeSpecificParamsUpdateFlag(before, after)) {
        flags |= DIEP_TYPESPECIFICPARAMS;
    }

    if (flags == 0) {
        /* Awkward: SDL_UpdateHapticEffect was called, but nothing was changed.
         * Calling IDirectInputEffect_SetParameters with no flags is nonsense,
         * so our options are to either send all the flags, or exit early.
         * Sending all the flags seems like the safer option: The programmer may be trying
         * to force an update for some reason (e.g. driver bug workaround?). Conversely,
         * if the programmer doesn't want IDirectInputEffect_SetParameters to be called, they
         * can just avoid calling SDL_UpdateHapticEffect when there's no changes. */
        flags = DIEP_DIRECTION |
                DIEP_DURATION |
                DIEP_ENVELOPE |
                DIEP_STARTDELAY |
                DIEP_TRIGGERBUTTON |
                DIEP_TRIGGERREPEATINTERVAL | DIEP_TYPESPECIFICPARAMS;
    }

    return flags;
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticUpdateEffect(SDL_Haptic *haptic, struct haptic_effect *effect, const SDL_HapticEffect *data)
{
    HRESULT ret;
    DWORD flags;
    DIEFFECT temp;

    // Get the effect.
    SDL_zero(temp);
    if (!SDL_SYS_ToDIEFFECT(haptic, &temp, data)) {
        goto err_update;
    }

    flags = DICalculateUpdateFlags(&effect->hweffect->effect, &temp);

    // Create the actual effect.
    ret =
        IDirectInputEffect_SetParameters(effect->hweffect->ref, &temp, flags);
    if (ret == DIERR_NOTEXCLUSIVEACQUIRED) {
        IDirectInputDevice8_Unacquire(haptic->hwdata->device);
        ret = IDirectInputDevice8_SetCooperativeLevel(haptic->hwdata->device, SDL_HelperWindow, DISCL_EXCLUSIVE | DISCL_BACKGROUND);
        if (SUCCEEDED(ret)) {
            ret = DIERR_NOTACQUIRED;
        }
    }
    if (ret == DIERR_INPUTLOST || ret == DIERR_NOTACQUIRED) {
        ret = IDirectInputDevice8_Acquire(haptic->hwdata->device);
        if (SUCCEEDED(ret)) {
            ret = IDirectInputEffect_SetParameters(effect->hweffect->ref, &temp, flags);
        }
    }
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        DI_SetError("Unable to update effect", ret);
        goto err_update;
    }

    // Copy it over.
    SDL_SYS_HapticFreeDIEFFECT(&effect->hweffect->effect, data->type);
    SDL_memcpy(&effect->hweffect->effect, &temp, sizeof(DIEFFECT));

    return true;

err_update:
    SDL_SYS_HapticFreeDIEFFECT(&temp, data->type);
    return false;
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticRunEffect(SDL_Haptic *haptic, struct haptic_effect *effect, Uint32 iterations)
{
    HRESULT ret;
    DWORD iter;

    // Check if it's infinite.
    if (iterations == SDL_HAPTIC_INFINITY) {
        iter = INFINITE;
    } else {
        iter = iterations;
    }

    // Run the effect.
    ret = IDirectInputEffect_Start(effect->hweffect->ref, iter, 0);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        return DI_SetError("Running the effect", ret);
    }
    return true;
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticStopEffect(SDL_Haptic *haptic, struct haptic_effect *effect)
{
    HRESULT ret;

    ret = IDirectInputEffect_Stop(effect->hweffect->ref);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        return DI_SetError("Unable to stop effect", ret);
    }
    return true;
}

void SDL_DINPUT_HapticDestroyEffect(SDL_Haptic *haptic, struct haptic_effect *effect)
{
    HRESULT ret;

    ret = IDirectInputEffect_Unload(effect->hweffect->ref);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        DI_SetError("Removing effect from the device", ret);
    }
    SDL_SYS_HapticFreeDIEFFECT(&effect->hweffect->effect, effect->effect.type);
}

int SDL_DINPUT_HapticGetEffectStatus(SDL_Haptic *haptic, struct haptic_effect *effect)
{
    HRESULT ret;
    DWORD status;

    ret = IDirectInputEffect_GetEffectStatus(effect->hweffect->ref, &status);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        DI_SetError("Getting effect status", ret);
        return -1;
    }

    if (status == 0) {
        return 0;
    }
    return 1;
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticSetGain(SDL_Haptic *haptic, int gain)
{
    HRESULT ret;
    DIPROPDWORD dipdw;

    // Create the weird structure thingy.
    dipdw.diph.dwSize = sizeof(DIPROPDWORD);
    dipdw.diph.dwHeaderSize = sizeof(DIPROPHEADER);
    dipdw.diph.dwObj = 0;
    dipdw.diph.dwHow = DIPH_DEVICE;
    dipdw.dwData = (DWORD)gain * 100; // 0 to 10,000

    // Try to set the autocenter.
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_SetProperty(haptic->hwdata->device,
                                          DIPROP_FFGAIN, &dipdw.diph);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        return DI_SetError("Setting gain", ret);
    }
    return true;
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticSetAutocenter(SDL_Haptic *haptic, int autocenter)
{
    HRESULT ret;
    DIPROPDWORD dipdw;

    // Create the weird structure thingy.
    dipdw.diph.dwSize = sizeof(DIPROPDWORD);
    dipdw.diph.dwHeaderSize = sizeof(DIPROPHEADER);
    dipdw.diph.dwObj = 0;
    dipdw.diph.dwHow = DIPH_DEVICE;
    dipdw.dwData = (autocenter == 0) ? DIPROPAUTOCENTER_OFF : DIPROPAUTOCENTER_ON;

    // Try to set the autocenter.
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_SetProperty(haptic->hwdata->device,
                                          DIPROP_AUTOCENTER, &dipdw.diph);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        return DI_SetError("Setting autocenter", ret);
    }
    return true;
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticPause(SDL_Haptic *haptic)
{
    HRESULT ret;

    // Pause the device.
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_SendForceFeedbackCommand(haptic->hwdata->device,
                                                       DISFFC_PAUSE);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        return DI_SetError("Pausing the device", ret);
    }
    return true;
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticResume(SDL_Haptic *haptic)
{
    HRESULT ret;

    // Unpause the device.
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_SendForceFeedbackCommand(haptic->hwdata->device,
                                                       DISFFC_CONTINUE);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        return DI_SetError("Pausing the device", ret);
    }
    return true;
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticStopAll(SDL_Haptic *haptic)
{
    HRESULT ret;

    // Try to stop the effects.
    ret = IDirectInputDevice8_SendForceFeedbackCommand(haptic->hwdata->device,
                                                       DISFFC_STOPALL);
    if (FAILED(ret)) {
        return DI_SetError("Stopping the device", ret);
    }
    return true;
}

#else // !SDL_HAPTIC_DINPUT

typedef struct DIDEVICEINSTANCE DIDEVICEINSTANCE;
typedef struct SDL_hapticlist_item SDL_hapticlist_item;

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticInit(void)
{
    return true;
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticMaybeAddDevice(const DIDEVICEINSTANCE *pdidInstance)
{
    return SDL_Unsupported();
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticMaybeRemoveDevice(const DIDEVICEINSTANCE *pdidInstance)
{
    return SDL_Unsupported();
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticOpen(SDL_Haptic *haptic, SDL_hapticlist_item *item)
{
    return SDL_Unsupported();
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_JoystickSameHaptic(SDL_Haptic *haptic, SDL_Joystick *joystick)
{
    return false;
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticOpenFromJoystick(SDL_Haptic *haptic, SDL_Joystick *joystick)
{
    return SDL_Unsupported();
}

void SDL_DINPUT_HapticClose(SDL_Haptic *haptic)
{
}

void SDL_DINPUT_HapticQuit(void)
{
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticNewEffect(SDL_Haptic *haptic, struct haptic_effect *effect, const SDL_HapticEffect *base)
{
    return SDL_Unsupported();
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticUpdateEffect(SDL_Haptic *haptic, struct haptic_effect *effect, const SDL_HapticEffect *data)
{
    return SDL_Unsupported();
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticRunEffect(SDL_Haptic *haptic, struct haptic_effect *effect, Uint32 iterations)
{
    return SDL_Unsupported();
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticStopEffect(SDL_Haptic *haptic, struct haptic_effect *effect)
{
    return SDL_Unsupported();
}

void SDL_DINPUT_HapticDestroyEffect(SDL_Haptic *haptic, struct haptic_effect *effect)
{
}

int SDL_DINPUT_HapticGetEffectStatus(SDL_Haptic *haptic, struct haptic_effect *effect)
{
    SDL_Unsupported();
    return -1;
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticSetGain(SDL_Haptic *haptic, int gain)
{
    return SDL_Unsupported();
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticSetAutocenter(SDL_Haptic *haptic, int autocenter)
{
    return SDL_Unsupported();
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticPause(SDL_Haptic *haptic)
{
    return SDL_Unsupported();
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticResume(SDL_Haptic *haptic)
{
    return SDL_Unsupported();
}

bool SDL_DINPUT_HapticStopAll(SDL_Haptic *haptic)
{
    return SDL_Unsupported();
}

#endif // SDL_HAPTIC_DINPUT