scrapfly-sdk 0.2.3

Async Rust client for the Scrapfly web scraping, screenshot, extraction and crawler APIs
Documentation
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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Source of the Rust file `src/error.rs`."><title>error.rs - source</title><script>if(window.location.protocol!=="file:")document.head.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend","SourceSerif4-Regular-6b053e98.ttf.woff2,FiraSans-Regular-0fe48ade.woff2,FiraSans-Medium-e1aa3f0a.woff2,SourceCodePro-Regular-8badfe75.ttf.woff2,SourceCodePro-Semibold-aa29a496.ttf.woff2".split(",").map(f=>`<link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../static.files/${f}">`).join(""))</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../static.files/normalize-9960930a.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../static.files/rustdoc-46132b98.css"><meta name="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-static-root-path="../../static.files/" data-current-crate="scrapfly_sdk" data-themes="" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.85.0 (4d91de4e4 2025-02-17)" data-channel="1.85.0" data-search-js="search-75f5ac3e.js" data-settings-js="settings-0f613d39.js" ><script src="../../static.files/storage-59e33391.js"></script><script defer src="../../static.files/src-script-56102188.js"></script><script defer src="../../src-files.js"></script><script defer src="../../static.files/main-5f194d8c.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../static.files/noscript-893ab5e7.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../static.files/favicon-32x32-6580c154.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="../../static.files/favicon-044be391.svg"></head><body class="rustdoc src"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><div class="src-sidebar-title"><h2>Files</h2></div></nav><div class="sidebar-resizer"></div><main><rustdoc-search></rustdoc-search><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="main-heading"><h1><div class="sub-heading">scrapfly_sdk/</div>error.rs</h1><rustdoc-toolbar></rustdoc-toolbar></div><div class="example-wrap"><div data-nosnippet><pre class="src-line-numbers">
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<a href="#234" id="234">234</a></pre></div><pre class="rust"><code><span class="doccomment">//! Error types — 1:1 port of `sdk/go/errors.go` + `crawler.go::parseAPIError`.

</span><span class="kw">use </span>serde::Deserialize;
<span class="kw">use </span>thiserror::Error;

<span class="doccomment">/// Structured API error envelope — the JSON shape returned by Scrapfly when
/// a call fails (both `/scrape` `{result: {error: ...}}` envelopes and the
/// generic `{message, code, error_id, http_code}` shape).
</span><span class="attr">#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
</span><span class="kw">pub struct </span>ApiError {
    <span class="doccomment">/// Human-readable error message.
    </span><span class="kw">pub </span>message: String,
    <span class="doccomment">/// Error code identifier (e.g. `ERR::SCRAPE::NETWORK_ERROR`).
    </span><span class="kw">pub </span>code: String,
    <span class="doccomment">/// HTTP status code from the response.
    </span><span class="kw">pub </span>http_status: u16,
    <span class="doccomment">/// Documentation URL.
    </span><span class="kw">pub </span>documentation_url: String,
    <span class="doccomment">/// Hint text (SDK-supplied, context-sensitive).
    </span><span class="kw">pub </span>hint: String,
    <span class="doccomment">/// Retry-After in milliseconds, parsed from the HTTP header.
    </span><span class="kw">pub </span>retry_after_ms: u64,
}

<span class="kw">impl </span>std::fmt::Display <span class="kw">for </span>ApiError {
    <span class="kw">fn </span>fmt(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, f: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>std::fmt::Formatter&lt;<span class="lifetime">'_</span>&gt;) -&gt; std::fmt::Result {
        <span class="macro">write!</span>(
            f,
            <span class="string">"API Error: {} (code: {}, status: {}, docs: {})"</span>,
            <span class="self">self</span>.message, <span class="self">self</span>.code, <span class="self">self</span>.http_status, <span class="self">self</span>.documentation_url
        )<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
        <span class="kw">if </span><span class="self">self</span>.retry_after_ms &gt; <span class="number">0 </span>{
            <span class="macro">write!</span>(f, <span class="string">", retry_after_ms: {}"</span>, <span class="self">self</span>.retry_after_ms)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
        }
        <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
    }
}

<span class="doccomment">/// All errors raised by `scrapfly-sdk`.
</span><span class="attr">#[derive(Debug, Error)]
</span><span class="kw">pub enum </span>ScrapflyError {
    <span class="doccomment">/// Transport-level failure (connect, TLS, timeout …).
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"transport: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>Transport(<span class="attr">#[from] </span>reqwest::Error),
    <span class="doccomment">/// JSON (de)serialization failure.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"json: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>Json(<span class="attr">#[from] </span>serde_json::Error),
    <span class="doccomment">/// Invalid configuration (builder validation).
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"config: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>Config(String),
    <span class="doccomment">/// Invalid or empty API key.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"invalid key, must be a non-empty string"</span>)]
    </span>BadApiKey,
    <span class="doccomment">/// Structured API error envelope.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"api error [{}] {}"</span>, .<span class="number">0</span>.code, .<span class="number">0</span>.message)]
    </span>Api(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// 4xx from Scrapfly itself.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"API http client error: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>ApiClient(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// 5xx from Scrapfly itself.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"API http server error: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>ApiServer(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// 4xx from the upstream target.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"upstream http client error: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>UpstreamClient(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// 5xx from the upstream target.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"upstream http server error: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>UpstreamServer(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// Rate limited (HTTP 429).
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"too many requests: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>TooManyRequests(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// Quota exhausted.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"quota limit reached: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>QuotaLimitReached(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// Scrape failed with an `ERR::SCRAPE::*` status.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"scrape failed: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>ScrapeFailed(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// Proxy failure (`ERR::PROXY::*`).
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"proxy error: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>ProxyFailed(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// Anti-bot bypass failure (`ERR::ASP::*`).
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"ASP bypass error: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>AspBypassFailed(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// Schedule error.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"schedule error: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>ScheduleFailed(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// Webhook delivery error.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"webhook error: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>WebhookFailed(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// Session error.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"session error: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>SessionFailed(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// Screenshot API error.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"screenshot API error: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>ScreenshotApiFailed(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// Extraction API error.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"extraction API error: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>ExtractionApiFailed(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// Crawler API error.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"crawler error: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>CrawlerFailed(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// Unhandled API error response.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"unhandled API error response: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>UnhandledApiResponse(ApiError),
    <span class="doccomment">/// `Crawl` helper called before `start()`.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"crawler not started, call start() first"</span>)]
    </span>CrawlerNotStarted,
    <span class="doccomment">/// `Crawl::start()` called twice.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"crawler already started"</span>)]
    </span>CrawlerAlreadyStarted,
    <span class="doccomment">/// `Crawl::wait()` observed CANCELLED terminal state.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"crawler was cancelled"</span>)]
    </span>CrawlerCancelled,
    <span class="doccomment">/// `Crawl::wait()` exceeded the caller's deadline.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"crawler wait timed out"</span>)]
    </span>CrawlerTimeout,
    <span class="doccomment">/// Server returned a content-type the SDK didn't expect.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"unexpected response format: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>UnexpectedResponseFormat(String),
    <span class="doccomment">/// Invalid content type for this operation.
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"invalid content type for this operation: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>ContentType(String),
    <span class="doccomment">/// I/O failure (example: save screenshot to disk).
    </span><span class="attr">#[error(<span class="string">"io: {0}"</span>)]
    </span>Io(<span class="attr">#[from] </span>std::io::Error),
}

<span class="attr">#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, Default)]
</span><span class="kw">struct </span>ErrorEnvelope {
    <span class="attr">#[serde(default)]
    </span>message: String,
    <span class="attr">#[serde(default)]
    </span>code: String,
    <span class="attr">#[serde(default)]
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    </span>error_id: String,
    <span class="attr">#[serde(default)]
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    </span>http_code: u16,
}

<span class="doccomment">/// Build a [`ScrapflyError`] from a non-2xx HTTP response.
///
/// Ports the switch logic from `sdk/go/client.go::handleAPIErrorResponse` +
/// `sdk/go/crawler.go::handleCrawlerErrorResponse`: categorizes the error based
/// on HTTP status + `code` field in the JSON envelope, surfaces the right
/// sentinel variant, attaches a contextual hint, and parses `Retry-After`.
</span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>from_response(
    status: u16,
    body: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[u8],
    retry_after_ms: u64,
    is_crawler: bool,
) -&gt; ScrapflyError {
    <span class="kw">let </span>envelope: ErrorEnvelope = serde_json::from_slice(body).unwrap_or_default();
    <span class="kw">let </span>msg = <span class="kw">if </span>envelope.message.is_empty() {
        <span class="macro">format!</span>(<span class="string">"API returned status {}"</span>, status)
    } <span class="kw">else </span>{
        envelope.message.clone()
    };
    <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>err = ApiError {
        message: msg,
        code: envelope.code.clone(),
        http_status: status,
        documentation_url: String::new(),
        hint: String::new(),
        retry_after_ms,
    };

    <span class="comment">// HTTP-status-based hint + early dispatch.
    </span><span class="kw">match </span>status {
        <span class="number">401 </span>=&gt; err.hint = <span class="string">"Provide a valid API key via ?key=... or Bearer token."</span>.into(),
        <span class="number">429 </span>=&gt; {
            err.hint =
                <span class="string">"Back off and retry after the indicated delay, or reduce concurrency/scope."</span>.into();
            <span class="kw">return </span>ScrapflyError::TooManyRequests(err);
        }
        <span class="number">422 </span>=&gt; {
            <span class="kw">let </span>body_str = String::from_utf8_lossy(body);
            <span class="kw">if </span>body_str.contains(<span class="string">"SCREENSHOT"</span>) {
                err.hint =
                    <span class="string">"Check screenshot parameters (format/capture/resolution) and upstream site readiness."
                        </span>.into();
                <span class="kw">return </span>ScrapflyError::ScreenshotApiFailed(err);
            }
            <span class="kw">if </span>body_str.contains(<span class="string">"EXTRACTION"</span>) {
                err.hint =
                    <span class="string">"Check content_type, body encoding, and template/prompt validity."</span>.into();
                <span class="kw">return </span>ScrapflyError::ExtractionApiFailed(err);
            }
        }
        <span class="kw">_ </span>=&gt; {}
    }

    <span class="comment">// Crawler-resource errors get their own bucket.
    </span><span class="kw">if </span>is_crawler &amp;&amp; envelope.code.contains(<span class="string">"::CRAWLER::"</span>) {
        <span class="kw">return </span>ScrapflyError::CrawlerFailed(err);
    }

    <span class="comment">// Code-based dispatch (`ERR::RESOURCE::*`).
    </span><span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(resource) = envelope.code.split(<span class="string">"::"</span>).nth(<span class="number">1</span>) {
        <span class="kw">match </span>resource {
            <span class="string">"SCRAPE" </span>=&gt; <span class="kw">return </span>ScrapflyError::ScrapeFailed(err),
            <span class="string">"PROXY" </span>=&gt; <span class="kw">return </span>ScrapflyError::ProxyFailed(err),
            <span class="string">"ASP" </span>=&gt; <span class="kw">return </span>ScrapflyError::AspBypassFailed(err),
            <span class="string">"SCHEDULE" </span>=&gt; <span class="kw">return </span>ScrapflyError::ScheduleFailed(err),
            <span class="string">"WEBHOOK" </span>=&gt; <span class="kw">return </span>ScrapflyError::WebhookFailed(err),
            <span class="string">"SESSION" </span>=&gt; <span class="kw">return </span>ScrapflyError::SessionFailed(err),
            <span class="string">"THROTTLE" </span>=&gt; <span class="kw">return </span>ScrapflyError::TooManyRequests(err),
            <span class="string">"QUOTA" </span>=&gt; <span class="kw">return </span>ScrapflyError::QuotaLimitReached(err),
            <span class="string">"CRAWLER" </span>=&gt; <span class="kw">return </span>ScrapflyError::CrawlerFailed(err),
            <span class="kw">_ </span>=&gt; {}
        }
    }

    <span class="comment">// HTTP-status-based fallback.
    </span><span class="kw">match </span>status {
        <span class="number">400</span>..=<span class="number">499 </span>=&gt; ScrapflyError::ApiClient(err),
        <span class="number">500</span>..=<span class="number">599 </span>=&gt; ScrapflyError::ApiServer(err),
        <span class="kw">_ </span>=&gt; ScrapflyError::UnhandledApiResponse(err),
    }
}

<span class="doccomment">/// Parse the `Retry-After` header value into milliseconds.
/// Supports integer seconds; HTTP-date is best-effort not parsed (returns 0).
</span><span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">fn </span>parse_retry_after(value: <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>str&gt;) -&gt; u64 {
    <span class="kw">match </span>value {
        <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(v) =&gt; v
            .trim()
            .parse::&lt;u64&gt;()
            .map(|secs| secs.saturating_mul(<span class="number">1000</span>))
            .unwrap_or(<span class="number">0</span>),
        <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=&gt; <span class="number">0</span>,
    }
}
</code></pre></div></section></main></body></html>